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  1. Ang CY, Samsudin AR, Karima AM, Nizam A
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:149-50.
    PMID: 15468862
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological and biological properties of a locally produced "Bovine Bone Sponge" for use in dentistry. Bovine bone sponge was prepared from local calf bone. Endotoxin level and surface properties were investigated. The pore size and water uptake ability were measured and results were compared with the commercial haemostatic agent. The material was tested for its haemostatic property and its inhibition of alveolar bone resorption in a sheep model following dental extraction. Results revealed a significant difference in haemostatic effect, and a shorter bleeding time and a lower rate of alveolar bone resorption in bovine bone sponge compare to a commercial haemostatic agent.
  2. Chua CC, Wong TF, Ang CY, Yeap BT
    Ann Med Surg (Lond), 2021 Nov;71:102998.
    PMID: 34840753 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102998
    Background: Cardiac myxoma is a rare neoplasm with female preponderance. It is the commonest benign cardiac neoplasm. We report a case entailing the perioperative anaesthetic challenges in managing a young morbidly obese man with a huge left atrial myxoma, who presented to us with acute symptoms of heart failure.

    Case presentation: A young morbidly obese man with a body mass index (BMI) of 43.3 kg/m2 presented to us with acute symptoms of heart failure. An urgent transthoracic echocardiogram showed a huge pedunculated mass which arise from the left atrium, which occasionally completely occludes the mitral valve during each diastole. He underwent a resection of cardiac myxoma, which was complicated with intraoperative hypotension. Fortunately, it was successfully managed by placing the patient in Trendelenburg position for optimum blood pressure control.

    Discussion: Tumours of the heart are very rare. Common histopathological findings are myxomas, followed by uncommon types of rhabdomyosarcomas and angiosarcomas. Pedunculated cardiac tumours can cause partial to complete obstructions which may lead to devastating conditions. Anaesthesia for morbidly obese patients with pedunculated cardiac myxoma are extremely challenging. Cardiac anaesthetists should be vigilant in managing these patients as they posed many life-threatening complications.

    Conclusion: Cardiac myxoma are uncommon benign tumor of the heart with higher preponderances on the left atrium. Pedunculated mass can cause obstruction by limiting left ventricular filling, mimicking severe mitral stenosis. Positioning the patient Trendelenburg can transiently reduce intracardiac obstruction, improve cardiac output and venous return to the heart. Optimum patient positioning and management will lead to excellent outcomes.

  3. Nik Man NM, Hassan R, Ang CY, Abdullah AD, Mohd Radzi MA, Sulaiman SA
    Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:307094.
    PMID: 26613081 DOI: 10.1155/2015/307094
    Complementary medicine using natural product as antitumor is on the rise. Much research has been performed on Tualang Honey and it was shown to have therapeutic potential in wound healing, and antimicrobial activity and be antiproliferative against several cancer models such as human osteosarcoma (HOS), human breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. To date, there was limited study on antileukemic properties of Tualang (Koompassia excelsa) Honey. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antileukemic effect of Tualang Honey on acute and chronic leukemia cell lines. Leukemia cell lines (K562 and MV4-11) and human mononuclear cell isolated from peripheral blood were grown in RPM1 1640 culture medium. The cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of Tualang Honey. After incubation, the evaluation of viability and apoptosis was performed. The morphological changes of leukemia cells were the presence of cytoplasmic blebs followed by apoptotic bodies and round shape of cells. IC50 against K562 and MV4-11 was determined. Tualang Honey gave 53.9% and 50.6% apoptosis activity on K562 and MV4-11, respectively, while on human mononuclear cell it was 37.4%. Tualang Honey has the apoptosis-inducing ability for acute and chronic myeloid leukemia (K562 and MV4-11) cell lines.
  4. Asmaa MJ, Al-Jamal HA, Ang CY, Asan JM, Seeni A, Johan MF
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2014;15(1):475-81.
    PMID: 24528077
    BACKGROUND: Pereskia sacharosa is a genus of cacti widely used in folk medicine for cancer-related treatment. Anti-proliferative effects have been studied in recent years against colon, breast, cervical and lung cancer cell lines, with promising results. We here extended study of anti-proliferative effects to a blood malignancy, leukemia.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two leukemic cell lines, MV4-11 (acute myeloid leukemia) and K562 (chronic myeloid leukemia), were studied. IC50 concentrations were determined and apoptosis and cell cycle regulation were studied by flow cytometric analysis. The expression of apoptosis and cell-cycle related regulatory proteins was assessed by Western blotting.

    RESULTS: P sacharosa inhibited growth of MV4-11 and K562 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The mode of cell death was via induction of intrinsic apoptotic pathways and cell cycle arrest. There was profound up-regulation of cytochrome c, caspases, p21 and p53 expression and repression of Akt and Bcl-2 expression in treated cells.

    CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that P sacharosa induces leukemic cell death via apoptosis induction and changes in cell cycle checkpoint, thus deserves further study for anti-leukemic potential.

  5. Hassan R, Husin A, Sulong S, Yusoff S, Johan MF, Yahaya BH, et al.
    Malays J Pathol, 2015 Aug;37(2):165-73.
    PMID: 26277676 MyJurnal
  6. Ang CY, Dhaliwal JS, Muharram SH, Akkawi ME, Hussain Z, Rahman H, et al.
    BMJ Open, 2021 07 07;11(7):e048609.
    PMID: 34233993 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048609
    INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public and patient safety issue. With the high AMR risk, ensuring that the next generation of dentists that have optimal knowledge and confidence in the area of AMR is crucial. A systematic approach is vital to design an AMR content that is comprehensive and clinically relevant. The primary objective of this research study will be to implement a consensus-based approach to elucidate AMR content and curriculum priorities for professional dentistry programmes. This research aims to establish consensus along with eliciting opinion on appropriate AMR topics to be covered in the Bachelor of Dental Surgery syllabus.

    METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A three-phase approach to validate content for curriculum guidelines on AMR will be adopted. First, literature review and content analysis were conducted to find out the available pertinent literature in dentistry programmes. A total of 23 potential literature have been chosen for inclusion within this study following literature review and analysis in phase 1. The materials found will be used to draft curriculum on antimicrobials for dentistry programmes. The next phase involves the validation of the drafted curriculum content by recruiting local and foreign experts via a survey questionnaire. Finally, Delphi technique will be conducted to obtain consensus on the important or controversial modifications to the revised curriculum.

    ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: An ethics application is currently under review with the Institute of Health Science Research Ethics Committee, Universiti Brunei Darussalam. All participants are required to provide a written consent form. Findings will be used to identify significant knowledge gaps on AMR aspect in a way that results in lasting change in clinical practice. Moreover, AMR content priorities related to dentistry clinical practice will be determined in order to develop need-based educational resource on microbes, hygiene and prudent antimicrobial use for dentistry programmes.

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