METHODS: MTT assay was used to determine the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), while the combination index (CI) value was utilized to analyze the interaction within each combination. The antiproliferative effect of the treatment was evaluated by trypan blue exclusion assay. The morphological changes of cells were observed under a phase-contrast inverted microscope. The nuclear morphology and percentage of apoptosis cells were evaluated by using the Hoechst 33258 staining and annexin V/PI assay, respectively.
RESULTS: The U2OS cells showed cytotoxic effect when treated with TA and cisplatin, with IC50 at 4.47 µg/mL and 16.25 µg/mL, respectively. The TA demonstrated no significant inhibition effect on the normal human fetal osteoblast cells (hFOB 1.19); yet, interestingly, a potent proliferative effect was indicated. Synergistic interaction was triggered when TA was combined with cisplatin at percentage ratios of 90:10 and 85:15. Meanwhile, antagonistic interaction was induced in the combination at percentage ratios of 75:25 and 50:50. On the other hand, a significant antiproliferative effect with prominent morphological alteration was detected in the cells treated with a combination of TA and cisplatin at the percentage ratio of 90:10. Additionally, combination-treated cells demonstrated the highest percentage of apoptosis cells, with distinct chromosomal condensation, nuclear fragmentation, reduction of nuclear volume, and notable apoptotic body.
CONCLUSION: Therefore, there is a high potential for the inclusion of TA in the cisplatin-based chemotherapeutic regimen of osteosarcoma.
METHODS: Eighty (80) male, 6-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were grouped in to four groups, the first group was irradiated with (940 nm) diode laser, second group with LIPUS, and third group with combination of both LLLT and LIPUS. A forth group used was a control group in an incomplete block split-mouth design. The LLLT and LIPUS were used to treat the area around the moving tooth once a day on days 0-7, then the experiment was ended in each experimental endpoint (1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days). For amount of tooth movement, models were imaged and analyzed. Histological examination was performed after staining with (hematoxylin and eosin) and (alizarin red and Alcian Blue) stain. One step reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR was also performed to elucidate the gene expression of RANK, RANKL, OPG, and RUNX-2.
RESULTS: The amount of tooth movement, the histological bone remodeling, and the RT-PCR were significantly greater in the treatment groups than that in the control group. Among the treatment groups, the combination group was the highest and the LIPUS group was the lowest.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that LLLT and LIPUS can enhance the velocity of tooth movement and improve the quality of bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of the Combined Disc Synergy Test (CDST) with that of the multiplex PCR to detect MBL-producing gram-negative bacilli.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: A total of 105 endotracheal aspirates (ETA) samples were collected from the ICU of a public school in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Chittagong for quantitative culture, CDST test, and multiplex PCR for blaIMP, blaVIM, blaNDM genes of MBL producers.
RESULTS: Among the 105 clinically suspected VAP cases, the quantitative culture was positive in 95 (90%) and among 95 g-negative bacilli isolated from VAP patients, 46 (48.42%) were imipenem resistant, 30 (65.22%) were MBL producers by CDST, 21 (45.65%) were identified as MBL producers by multiplex PCR.
CONCLUSION: PCR was highly sensitive and specific for the detection of MBL producers.