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  1. The study of seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus and an investigation into the lifestyle behaviours of the aborigines in Malaysia
    Wong LP, Alias H, Choy SH, Goh XT, Lee SC, Lim YAL, et al.
    Zoonoses Public Health, 2020 05;67(3):263-270.
    PMID: 31927794 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12681
    Malaysia is a non-endemic country for hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. However, seroprevalence as high as 50% among samples of aboriginal people were reported over two decades ago. A total of 207 samples collected from seven aboriginal villages in rural settlements across two states in Malaysia were analysed for anti-HEV IgG and IgM by an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Following the detection of anti-HEV seroprevalence, we organized health outreach to inform and educate the community. Qualitative interviews were conducted with individuals tested positive for anti-HEV antibodies. Data derived from interviews and observations were used to investigate possible lifestyle behaviours associated with HEV infection. Anti-HEV IgG was detected in six samples (5.9%) from the village of Dusun Kubur. Qualitative inquiry and observation study revealed poor dietary and household hygiene, contaminated food and water, contact with animal faeces, unsanitary and domestic waste disposal, and wildlife reservoirs could be the contributing factors for transmission and acquisition of HEV infection. Investigation during health outreach is important to provide insights for future empirical research and implementation for improvement of lifestyle behaviours among the aborigines. Managing the risk of HEV infection in the aborigines may reduce the risk of HEV transmission to the local communities.
  2. Fulltext Comparison between tocotrienol and omeprazole on gastric growth factors in stress-exposed rats
    Nur Azlina MF, Qodriyah HMS, Chua KH, Kamisah Y
    World J Gastroenterol, 2017 Aug 28;23(32):5887-5894.
    PMID: 28932080 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i32.5887
    AIM: To investigate and compare the effects of tocotrienol and omeprazole on gastric growth factors in rats exposed to water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS).

    METHODS: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of seven rats. The two control groups were administered vitamin-free palm oil (vehicle) and the two treatment groups were given omeprazole (20 mg/kg) or tocotrienol (60 mg/kg) by oral gavage. After 28 d of treatment, rats from one control group and both treated groups were subjected to WIRS one time for 3.5 h. Gastric lesions were measured and gastric tissues were obtained to measure vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-α) mRNA expression.

    RESULTS: Rats exposed to WIRS for 3.5 h demonstrated the presence of considerable ulcers in the form of gastric erosion. The lesion index in the stressed control (S) group was increased (P < 0.001) compared to the tocotrienol treated and omeprazole treated groups. Stress led to a decrease in gastric VEGF (P < 0.001), bFGF (P < 0.001) and TGF-α (P < 0.001) mRNA levels and caused an increase in EGF mRNA (P < 0.001) that was statistically significant compared to the non-stressed control group. Although both treatment agents exerted similar ulcer reducing ability, only treatment with tocotrienol led to increased expression of VEGF (P = 0.008), bFGF (P = 0.001) and TGF-α (P = 0.002) mRNA.

    CONCLUSION: Tocotrienol provides gastroprotective effects in WIRS-induced ulcers. Compared to omeprazole, tocotrienol exerts a similar protective effect, albeit through multiple mechanisms of protection, particularly through up-regulation of growth factors that assist in repair of gastric tissue injuries.

  3. Fulltext Identification of Plasmodium knowlesi Merozoite Surface Protein-119 (PkMSP-119 ) novel binding peptides from a phage display library
    Goh XT, Chua KH, Kee BP, Lim YAL
    Trop Med Int Health, 2020 02;25(2):172-185.
    PMID: 31733137 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13348
    OBJECTIVE: Plasmodium knowlesi, the fifth human malaria parasite, has caused mortality in humans. We aimed to identify P. knowlesi novel binding peptides through a random linear dodecapeptide phage display targeting the 19-kDa fragment of Merozoite Surface Protein-1 protein.

    METHODS: rPkMSP-119 protein was heterologously expressed using Expresso® Solubility and Expression Screening System and competent E. cloni® 10G cells according to protocol. Three rounds of biopanning were performed on purified rPkMSP-119 to identify binding peptides towards rPkMSP-119 using Ph.D.™-12 random phage display library. Binding sites of the identified peptides to PkMSP-119 were in silico predicted using the CABS-dock web server.

    RESULTS: Four phage peptide variants that bound to PkMSP-119 were identified after three rounds of biopanning, namely Pkd1, Pkd2, Pkd3 and Pkd4. The sequences of both Pkd1 and Pkd2 consist of a large number of histidine residues. Pkd1 showed positive binding signal with 6.1× vs. BSA control. Docking results showed that Pkd1 and Pkd2 were ideal binding peptides for PkMSP-119 .

    CONCLUSION: We identified two novel binding peptides of PkMSP-119 , Pkd1 (HFPFHHHKLRAH) and Pkd2 (HPMHMLHKRQHG), through phage display. They provide a valuable starting point for the development of novel therapeutics.

  4. Fulltext Development and evaluation of a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction for the detection of Salmonella species
    Thong KL, Teh CS, Chua KH
    Trop Biomed, 2014 Dec;31(4):689-97.
    PMID: 25776594 MyJurnal
    The present study aims to develop a system which consists of four pairs of primers that specifically detects Salmonella spp., Salmonella serovar Typhi and Salmonella serovar Paratyphi A with an internal amplification control. The system, when applied in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) under specific conditions, reaction mixture and cycling temperatures produced four bands; 784 bp, 496 bp, 332 bp and 187 bp. The DNA band 784 bp is present in all Salmonella spp., while the bands of 496 bp and 332 bp are only present in S. Paratyphi A and S. Typhi, respectively. An internal amplification control as indicated by the 187 bp shows the system is working in optimum condition in all the tests. This multiplex PCR was evaluated on 241 bacterial cultures and 691 naturally contaminated samples. Overall, this multiplex PCR detection system provides a single step for simultaneous detection of DNAs of Salmonella spp., S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A.
  5. Fulltext DNA fingerprinting of human isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei from different geographical regions of Malaysia
    Chua KH, See KH, Thong KL, Puthucheary SD
    Trop Biomed, 2010 Dec;27(3):517-24.
    PMID: 21399594 MyJurnal
    Melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei and endemic in Southeast Asia. One hundred and forty six clinical isolates of B. pseudomallei from different states in Malaysia were obtained and molecular typing was carried out using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Overall, nine clusters were successfully identified. Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates used in this study were found to be genetically diverse and there were differences in the clusters of isolates from peninsular and east Malaysia. BS9 cluster was the most common cluster and found in all the states while BS2 cluster only existed in a particular state. Based on the PFGE analysis, the distribution of different B. pseudomallei clinical isolates in Malaysia was mapped.
  6. Fulltext Simultaneous detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by multiplex PCR
    Thong KL, Lai MY, Teh C SJ, Chua KH
    Trop Biomed, 2011 Apr;28(1):21-31.
    PMID: 21602765 MyJurnal
    A PCR-based assay that can simultaneously detect and differentiate five different types of nosocomial bacterial pathogens was developed. Six pairs of selected primers targeting femA (132 bp) and mecA (310 bp) of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, gltA (722 bp) of Acinetobacter baumannii, phoA (903 bp) of Escherichia coli, mdh (364 bp) of Klebsiella pneumoniae and oprL (504 bp) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used in this study. The conditions were optimized for the multiplex PCR to ensure specific amplification of the selected targets. Sensitivity and specificity tests were also carried out using a blind test approach on 50 bacterial cultures and resulted in 100% for both positive and negative predictive values.
  7. Bioinformatics characterization of Plasmodium knowlesi apical membrane antigen 1 (PkAMA1) for multi-epitope vaccine design
    Azazi A, Haron FN, Chua KH, Lim YAL, Lee PC, Chew CH
    Trop Biomed, 2021 Sep 01;38(3):265-275.
    PMID: 34362869 DOI: 10.47665/tb.38.3.067
    Malaria caused by Plasmodium knowlesi species has become a public health concern, especially in Malaysia. Plasmodium knowlesi parasite which originates from the macaque species, infects human through the bite of the Anopheles mosquitoes. Research on malaria vaccine has been a continuous effort to eradicate the malaria infection, yet there is no vaccine against P. knowlesi malaria to date. Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) is a unique surface protein of all apicomplexan parasites that plays a crucial role in parasite-host cell invasion and thus has been a long-standing malaria vaccine candidate. The selection of protective epitopes in silico has led to significant advances in the design of the vaccine. The present study aimed to employ bioinformatics tools to predict the potential immunogenic B- and T-cell epitopes in designing malaria vaccine targeting P. knowlesi AMA1 (PkAMA1). B-cell epitopes were predicted using four bioinformatics tools, i.e., BepiPred, ABCpred, BcePred, and IEDB servers whereas T-cell epitopes were predicted using two bioinformatics servers, i.e., NetMHCpan4.1 and NetMHCIIpan-4.0 targeting human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules, respectively. The antigenicity of the selected epitopes computed by both B- and T-cell predictors were further analyzed using the VaxiJen server. The results demonstrated that PkAMA1 protein encompasses multi antigenic regions that have the potential for the development of multi-epitope vaccine. Two B- and T-cell epitopes consensus regions, i.e., NSGIRIDLGEDAEVGNSKYRIPAGKCP (codons 28-54) and KTHAASFVIAEDQNTSY RHPAVYDEKNKT (codons 122-150) at domain I (DI) of PkAMA1 were reported. Advancement of bioinformatics in characterization of the target protein may facilitate vaccine development especially in vaccine design which is costly and cumbersome process. Thus, comprehensive B-cell and T-cell epitope prediction of PkAMA1 offers a promising pipeline for the development and design of multi-epitope vaccine against P. knowlesi.
  8. Toxoplasma gondii infection among selected indigenous community in Sarawak, East Malaysia
    Ngui R, Hassan NA, Chang LY, Teh SJC, Chua KH, Kee BP, et al.
    Trop Biomed, 2020 Mar 01;37(1):155-164.
    PMID: 33612726
    Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that causes toxoplasmosis in humans. To date, little is known about T. gondii infection among the indigenous community, particularly in East Malaysia. This study was conducted to determine the status of T. gondii infection and to investigate associated risk factors among the indigenous community of Sarawak, East Malaysia. The sociodemographic data was obtained using a pretested questionnaire. A serological test was done to detect the presence of specific IgM and IgG antibodies against T. gondii in serum samples. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine acute infection among seropositive individuals. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was 50% (95% CI = 43.3 - 56.7). From this subset, 40.1%, 5.7%, and 4.2% were positive for anti-T. Gondii IgG antibodies, IgM, and both IgG and IgM, respectively. Four seropositive samples were amplified through PCR. None of the pregnant women tested positive for T. gondii infection based on the serological and PCR assays. A significant association was found between age, low monthly household income, unemployment, usage of untreated water and close contact with T. gondii seropositive cats. These results provide basic information on T. gondii infection and may be useful for policymakers to initiate prevention and control programs, especially amongst pregnant women and women of childbearing age in the indigenous community.
  9. Differential responses of lineages-committed hematopoietic progenitors and altered expression of self-renewal and differentiation-related genes in 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) exposure
    Chow PW, Rajab NF, Chua KH, Chan KM, Abd Hamid Z
    Toxicol In Vitro, 2018 Feb;46:122-128.
    PMID: 28986286 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.10.001
    Despite of reports on hematotoxic and leukemogenic evidences related to benzene exposure, the mechanism of benzene toxicity affecting the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) fate remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the benzene's effect on the lineages-committed progenitors and genes-regulating self-renewal and differentiation of HSPCs. Isolated mouse bone marrow (BM) cells were exposed to the benzene metabolite, 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) at 1.25, 2.5, and 5μM for 24h. The clonogenic potency of erythroid, myeloid, and Pre-B lymphoid progenitors was evaluated through colony-forming-cell assay. Quantitative real time-PCR was used to analyze the self-renewal (Bmi-1, HoxB4, and Wnt3) and differentiation (GATA1, GATA2, and GATA3)-related genes' expression levels. 1,4-BQ exposure significantly lowered the clonogenicity of the myeloid progenitor at 1.25 and 2.5μM (p<0.05), but affected neither the erythroid nor Pre-B lymphoid progenitors. Furthermore, significant upregulation of HoxB4 expression level was observed at all concentrations. GATA3 and Bmi-1 expressions were also significant upregulated at 2.5 and 5μM 1,4-BQ, respectively. In conclusion, 1,4-BQ could modulate the fate of HSPCs by altering the self-renewal and differentiation related genes. The definite role of lineages specificity and responsive genes in governing the hematotoxicity and leukemogenicity of 1,4-BQ should be further investigated.
  10. Human mesenchymal stromal cells could deliver erythropoietin and migrate to the basal layer of hair shaft when subcutaneously implanted in a murine model
    Mok PL, Cheong SK, Leong CF, Chua KH, Ainoon O
    Tissue Cell, 2012 Aug;44(4):249-56.
    PMID: 22560724 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2012.04.002
    Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are an attractive cell-targeting vehicle for gene delivery. MIDGE (an acronym for Minimalistic, Immunologically Defined Gene Expression) construct is relatively safer than the viral or plasmid expression system as the detrimental eukaryotic and prokaryotic gene and sequences have been eliminated. The objective of this study was to test the ability of the human MSC (hMSC) to deliver the erythropoietin (EPO) gene in a nude mice model following nucleofection using a MIDGE construct. hMSC nucleofected with MIDGE encoding the EPO gene was injected subcutaneously in Matrigel at the dorsal flank of nude mice. Subcutaneous implantation of nucleofected hMSC resulted in increased hemoglobin level with presence of human EPO in the peripheral blood of the injected nude mice in the first two weeks post-implantation compared with the control groups. The basal layer of the hair shaft in the dermal layer was found to be significantly positive for immunohistochemical staining of a human EPO antibody. However, only a few basal layers of the hair shaft were found to be positively stained for CD105. In conclusion, hMSC harboring MIDGE-EPO could deliver and transiently express the EPO gene in the nude mice model. These cells could be localized to the hair follicle and secreted EPO protein might have possible role in hair regeneration.
  11. Fulltext Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of generic and verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli among indigenous individuals in Malaysia
    Teh CS, Chua KH, Lim YA, Lee SC, Thong KL
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:457839.
    PMID: 24967435 DOI: 10.1155/2014/457839
    We have successfully developed a Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay that could specifically detect generic Escherichia coli (E. coli). This assay was tested on 85 bacterial strains and successfully identified 54 E. coli strains (average threshold time, Tt = 21.26). The sensitivity of this assay was evaluated on serial dilutions of bacterial cultures and spiked faeces. The assay could detect 10(2) CFU/mL for bacterial culture with Tt = 33.30 while the detection limit for spiked faeces was 10(3) CFU/mL (Tt = 31.12). We have also detected 46 generic E. coli from 50 faecal samples obtained from indigenous individuals with 16% of the positive samples being verocytotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC) positive. VT1/VT2 allele was present in one faecal sample while the ratio of VT1 to VT2 was 6 : 1. Overall, our study had demonstrated high risk of VTEC infection among the indigenous community and most of the asymptomatic infection occurred among those aged below 15 years. The role of asymptomatic human carriers as a source of dissemination should not be underestimated. Large scale screening of the VTEC infection among indigenous populations and the potential contamination sources will be possible and easy with the aid of this newly developed rapid and simple LAMP assay.
  12. Fulltext Role of rutin on nitric oxide synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
    Ugusman A, Zakaria Z, Chua KH, Nordin NA, Abdullah Mahdy Z
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:169370.
    PMID: 25093198 DOI: 10.1155/2014/169370
    Nitric oxide (NO), produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), is a major antiatherogenic factor in the blood vessel. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis. Decreased availability of endothelial NO promotes the progression of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Rutin is a flavonoid with multiple cardiovascular protective effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of rutin on eNOS and NO production in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). HUVEC were divided into four groups: control; oxidative stress induction with 180 μM H₂O₂; treatment with 300 μM rutin; and concomitant induction with rutin and H₂O₂ for 24 hours. HUVEC treated with rutin produced higher amount of NO compared to control (P < 0.01). In the oxidative stress-induced HUVEC, rutin successfully induced cells' NO production (P < 0.01). Rutin promoted NO production in HUVEC by inducing eNOS gene expression (P < 0.05), eNOS protein synthesis (P < 0.01), and eNOS activity (P < 0.05). Treatment with rutin also led to increased gene and protein expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in HUVEC. Therefore, upregulation of eNOS expression by rutin may be mediated by bFGF. The results showed that rutin may improve endothelial function by augmenting NO production in human endothelial cells.
  13. Fulltext Molecular characterization of putative virulence determinants in Burkholderia pseudomallei
    Puah SM, Puthucheary SD, Wang JT, Pan YJ, Chua KH
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:590803.
    PMID: 25215325 DOI: 10.1155/2014/590803
    The Gram-negative saprophyte Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, an infectious disease which is endemic in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. This bacterium possesses many virulence factors which are thought to contribute to its survival and pathogenicity. Using a virulent clinical isolate of B. pseudomallei and an attenuated strain of the same B. pseudomallei isolate, 6 genes BPSL2033, BP1026B_I2784, BP1026B_I2780, BURPS1106A_A0094, BURPS1106A_1131, and BURPS1710A_1419 were identified earlier by PCR-based subtractive hybridization. These genes were extensively characterized at the molecular level, together with an additional gene BPSL3147 that had been identified by other investigators. Through a reverse genetic approach, single-gene knockout mutants were successfully constructed by using site-specific insertion mutagenesis and were confirmed by PCR. BPSL2033::Km and BURPS1710A_1419::Km mutants showed reduced rates of survival inside macrophage RAW 264.7 cells and also low levels of virulence in the nematode infection model. BPSL2033::Km demonstrated weak statistical significance (P = 0.049) at 8 hours after infection in macrophage infection study but this was not seen in BURPS1710A_1419::Km. Nevertheless, complemented strains of both genes were able to partially restore the gene defects in both in vitro and in vivo studies, thus suggesting that they individually play a minor role in the virulence of B. pseudomallei.
  14. Fulltext Effect of Growth Factor Supplementation on the Hair Cell Specific Markers of Cells Harvested from Basilar Membrane
    Ubaidah MA, Chua KH, Ami M, Zainal A, Saim A, Saim L, et al.
    J Int Adv Otol, 2015 Apr;11(1):23-9.
    PMID: 26223713 DOI: 10.5152/iao.2015.539
    Loss of auditory hair cells is a major cause of deafness. The presence of auditory progenitor cells in the inner ear raises the hope for mammalian inner ear cell regeneration. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of growth factor supplementations, namely a combination of epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and beta (β)-fibroblast growth factor (βFGF), on the expression of hair cell-specific markers by cells harvested from the cochlear membrane. This would provide an insight into the capability of these cells to differentiate into hair cells.
  15. The Use of Engineered Bilayered Skin (MyDermTM) in the Management of Massive Skin Defect in Grade III Gustilo-Anderson Open Fracture
    Mohamed Haflah NH, Ng MH, Mohd Yunus MH, Naicker AS, Htwe O, Fahmi M, et al.
    Int J Low Extrem Wounds, 2017 Sep;16(3):212-216.
    PMID: 28862056 DOI: 10.1177/1534734617724974
    Open fracture Gustilo-Anderson grade IIIC is associated with higher risk of infection and problems with soft tissue coverage. Various methods have been used for soft tissue coverage in open fractures with large skin defect. We report a case of a patient who had grade IIIC open fracture of the tibia with posterior tibial artery injury. The patient underwent external fixation and reduction. Because of potential compartment syndrome after vascular repair, fasciotomy of the posterior compartment was performed. This wound, however, became infected and because of further debridement, gave rise to a large skin defect. A tissue engineered skin construct, MyDermTM was employed to cover this large defect. Complete wound closure was achieved 35 days postimplantation. The patient then underwent plating of the tibia for nonunion with no adverse effect to the grafted site. The tibia eventually healed 5 months postplating, and the cosmetic appearance of the newly formed skin was satisfactory.
  16. Differential environmental preferences of gravid female Aedes mosquitoes in ovipositing their eggs
    Chua KB, Chua IL, Chua IE, Chua KH
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2005 Sep;36(5):1132-8.
    PMID: 16438137
    A prospective field study was carried out to investigate any preferential differences of gravid female Aedes mosquitoes in ovipositing their eggs in man-made containers placed in different environmental conditions. The findings of this study show that gravid female Aedes mosquitoes preferred to breed in containers found in the outdoor garden than those placed on the patio and or inside the house. The findings also show that if the breeding habitats in the garden were removed, they would favorably use the breeding habitats found on the patio or inside the house as alternatives. An incidental interesting finding in this study shows that ultra-low volume fogging of insecticides using the vehicle-mounted equipment carried out outside the house may promote the gravid female Aedes mosquitoes to enter the house to breed.
  17. Differential preferences of oviposition by Aedes mosquitos in man-made containers under field conditions
    Chua KB, Chua IL, Chua IE, Chua KH
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2004 Sep;35(3):599-607.
    PMID: 15689073
    A study was made of the oviposit behavior of gravid female Aedes mosquitos in man-made habitats under field conditions. The study showed that the gravid female Aedes mosquitos preferred containers with relatively easy access but not too open to external environmental influence. The dark surface of the containers served as the initial and long-range attractant to the breeding sites. Volatile chemicals generated by the decaying vegetation in the container may serve as a close-range attractant. Finally, the water quality and the quantity of 'food' derived from decaying vegetative matter in the water determined the amount of eggs deposited in each container. The study confirmed previous findings that each gravid female Aedes mosquito had the tendency to lay her eggs in more than one container. However, the results of the study suggests that under favorable conditions, each gravid female Aedes mosquito could be encouraged to lay all her eggs in a single breeding site.
  18. GAPDH as housekeeping gene for human skin fibroblast senescent model
    Zainuddin A, Makpol S, Chua KH, Abdul Rahim N, Yusof YA, Ngah WZ
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:73-4.
    PMID: 19024990
    Validation of housekeeping gene is important for accurate quantitation of RNA in real time RT-PCR technique. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as a housekeeping gene for quantitative real time RT-PCR assessment in human skin fibroblast senescent model. The cells were divided into different treatment groups; young (passage 4), senescent (passage 30), treatment with H2O2 and treatment with A-tocotrienol prior to H2O2 treatment. Our results showed that the expression level of GAPDH was constant with different treatment groups. Therefore, we concluded that GAPDH was suitable to be used as housekeeping gene in human skin fibroblast senescent model.
  19. Apoptosis changes and SA-beta galactosidase expression in stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) model of human skin fibroblasts
    Abdul Rahim N, Makpol S, Chua KH, Yusof YA, Top GM, Ngah WZ
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:71-2.
    PMID: 19024989
    Stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) model is in vitro model of cellular aging. In this study, apoptosis was evaluated in SIPS model and in replicative senescent fibroblasts. We also compared the activity of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta gal) as a biomarker of cellular aging. Our results suggested that SIPS model and senescent fibroblasts might share similar mechanism of aging and apoptosis pathway.
  20. Derivation of cochlea hair cell for in vitro expansion and characterization
    Ibnubaidah MA, Chua KH, Mazita A, Azida ZN, Aminuddin BS, Ruszymah BH, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:115-6.
    PMID: 19025012
    A potential cure for hearing loss would be to regenerate hair cells by stimulating cells of the damaged inner ear sensory epithelia to proliferate and differentiate into hair cells. Here, we investigated the possibility to isolate, culture-expand and characterize the cells from the cochlea membrane of adult mice. Our results showed that the cultured cells isolated from mouse cochlea membrane were heterogenous in nature. Morphologically there were epithelial like cells, hair cell like, nerve cell like and fibroblastic cells observed in the culture. The cultured cells were immunopositive for specific hair cell markers including Myosin 7a, Calretinin and Espin.
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