MyMedR

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 164 in total

Abstract:

Sort:

Fulltext A Comparative Study on Physicochemical Characteristics of Raw Goat Milk Collected from Different Farms in Malaysia

Jaafar SHS, Hashim R, Hassan Z, Arifin N

Trop Life Sci Res, 2018 Mar;29(1):195-212.
PMID: 29644024 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2018.29.1.13

This study was conducted to determine the physical and chemical composition of goat milk produced by eight local farms located in the central region of Malaysia. Farms 1 to 4 (F1-SC, F2-SP, F3-SP, F4-SBC) reared Saanen-type goats while farms 5 to 8 (F5-JK, F6-JPEC, F7-JTC, F8-JC), Jamnapari-type goats. The common feedstuffs used in all farms comprised of fresh or silage from Napier grass, feed pellets, and brans while two farms, F5-JK and F6-JPEC supplemented the feeds with soybean-based product. The total solid content, dry matter, and proximate composition of goat milk and feedstuffs from the different farms were determined and the results analysed using principal component analysis. Total solid content of goat milk from the Jamnapari crossbreed had the highest solid content ranging from 11.81% to 17.54% compared to milk from farms with Saanen and Saanen crossbreed (10.95% to 14.63%). Jamnapari-type goats from F5-JK, F6-JPEC, and F8-JC had significantly higher (p < 0.05) milk fat and protein contents (7.36%, 7.14%, and 6.59% fat; 5.08%, 6.19%, and 4.23% protein, respectively) than milk from other farms but, milk produced by Saanen-type goats from F4-SBC contained similar protein content (4.34%) to that from F8-JC. Total ash and carbohydrate contents in milk ranged between 0.67% to 0.86% and 3.26% to 4.71%, respectively, regardless of goat breed. Feeding soybean-based products appear to have a positive influence on milk fat and protein content in Jamnaparitype goats.
Fulltext A SNP-based phylogenetic analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in Malaysia

Hii SYF, Ahmad N, Hashim R, Liow YL, Abd Wahab MA, Mohd Khalid MKN

BMC Res Notes, 2018 Oct 25;11(1):760.
PMID: 30359301 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3868-6

OBJECTIVE: There is a lack of study in Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates in Malaysia. The alarming surge of cases in year 2016 lead us to evaluate the local clinical C. diphtheriae strains in Malaysia. We conducted single nucleotide polymorphism phylogenetic analysis on the core and pan-genome as well as toxin and diphtheria toxin repressor (DtxR) genes of Malaysian C. diphtheriae isolates from the year 1986-2016.
RESULTS: The comparison between core and pan-genomic comparison showed variation in the distribution of C. diphtheriae. The local isolates portrayed a heterogenous trait and a close relationship between Malaysia's and Belarus's, Africa's and India's strains were observed. A toxigenic C. diphtheriae clone was noted to be circulating in the Malaysian population for nearly 30 years and from our study, the non-toxigenic and toxigenic C. diphtheriae strains can be differentiated significantly into two large clusters, A and B respectively. Analysis against vaccine strain, PW8 portrayed that the amino acid composition of toxin and DtxR in Malaysia's local strains are well-conserved and there was no functional defect noted. Hence, the change in efficacy of the currently used toxoid vaccine is unlikely to occur.
A new genus of Silvaninae (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) with two new species from the Malay Peninsula

Yoshida T, Hirowatari T, Hashim R

Zootaxa, 2017 May 01;4258(4):365-374.
PMID: 28609912 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4258.4.4

A new silvanid genus Dentirotacorimus gen. nov. is described based on specimens collected from Ulu Gombak (Malay Peninsula), Malaysia. Two new species, D. reticulatus sp. nov. and D. zigzag sp. nov., are described herein. A key to species of this genus and a table listing states of diagnostic characters of Corimus-like genera, including this new genus, are provided.
Fulltext A new species group in the genus Dichaetophora, with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental region (Diptera, Drosophilidae)

Yang JH, Toda MJ, Suwito A, Hashim R, Gao JJ

Zookeys, 2017.
PMID: 28769630 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.665.11609

The genus Dichaetophora Duda comprises 61 described species classified into four species groups: agbo, tenuicauda, acutissima and sinensis. This genus is distributed exclusively in the Old World, and is rich in species in the tropical and subtropical areas of the Oriental, Australasian, and Afrotropical regions. In this paper, a new species group, the trilobita group, is established for six new species discovered from the Oriental region. The delimitation of these species is firstly performed in light of morphology and further with the aid of DNA sequences of the mitochondrial COI and COII (cytochrome c oxydase, subunits I and II, respectively) genes, considering also their respective geographical origins. Then, the new species (trilobita Yang & Gao, sp. n., heterochroma Yang & Gao, sp. n., flatosternata Yang & Gao, sp. n., borneoensis Yang & Gao, sp. n., javaensis Yang & Gao, sp. n., and sumatraensis Yang & Gao, sp. n.) are described, and a key, based on not only morphological but also molecular information, is provided.
A new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Malaysia, with keys to 32 species of the Simulium ceylonicum species-group

Takaoka H, Sofian-Azirun M, Ya'cob Z, Hashim R, Otsuka Y

J Med Entomol, 2014 May;51(3):517-28.
PMID: 24897845

Simulium (Gomphostilbia) leparense sp. nov. is described from females, males, and pupae collected from Peninsular Malaysia. This new species is assigned to the ceylonicum species-group of the subgenus Gomphostilbia, and is characterized by the female and male scuta covered with dark-brown short hairs, smaller number of male upper-eye facets, presence of shiny paired spots on the male abdominal segments 2-8, and absence of grapnel-shaped hooklets on the pupal abdominal segment 9. The male and pupa of S. capillatum Takaoka, which was originally described from larvae collected from Sarawak and Sabah, are described for the first time. Keys to identify all 32 species of the Simulium ceylonicum species-group including 27 species from other countries are provided for females, males, pupae, and mature larvae.
A novel agricultural waste adsorbent for the removal of lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions

Ibrahim MN, Ngah WS, Norliyana MS, Daud WR, Rafatullah M, Sulaiman O, et al.

J Hazard Mater, 2010 Oct 15;182(1-3):377-85.
PMID: 20619537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.044

The present study explores the ability of modified soda lignin (MSL) extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) in removing lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions. The effect of contact time, point zero charge (pH(pzc)) and pH of the solution, initial metal ion concentration and adsorbent dosage on the removal process were investigated. Furthermore, the MSL is characterized by SEM, XRF, FT-IR and surface area analysis. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics were investigated. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models of adsorption. The kinetic data obtained at different initial concentrations were analyzed using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The results provide strong evidence to support the hypothesis of adsorption mechanism.
A novel caryophyllene type sesquiterpene lactone from Asparagus falcatus (Linn.); structure elucidation and anti-angiogenic activity on HUVECs

Ghalib RM, Hashim R, Sulaiman O, Mehdi SH, Valkonen A, Rissanen K, et al.

Eur J Med Chem, 2012 Jan;47(1):601-7.
PMID: 22074984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.10.037

In this study the novel caryophyllene type sesquiterpene lactone (aspfalcolide) has been isolated from the leaves of Asparagus falcatus (Linn.) and characterized by IR, 1D NMR, 2D NMR, EI-MS, HR-ESI-MS and X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. The aspfalcolide crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with a = 6.37360(10), b = 7.6890(2), c = 27.3281(6) Å, α = β = γ = 90(°) and Z = 4. One intermolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond enforces these natural molecules to form infinite chains through the crystal. Aspfalcolide was screened for its anti-angiogenic activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the result showed the remarkable inhibitory effect of aspfalcolide on the proliferation (IC(50) 1.82 μM), migration and tube formation of HUVECs.
Fulltext A numerical study of ground improvement technique using group of soil-column on peat

Muntohar, A.S., Rahman, M.E., Hashim, R., Islam, M.S.

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2013;21(2):625-634.
MyJurnal

The importance of numerical analysis in investigation of piled embankment over soft soil has been developed since 1990. Several investigators have extended the numerical analysis to model ground improvement using soil-column to support embankment or structures. This paper presents a numerical analysis of the Pulverized Fuel Ash (PFA) column-treated peat and compared with field static-loading test results. Back analysis was performed to determine the material parameters and soil stiffness surrounding soil & soil-column. Two geometrical models were used in this analysis: (a) block (Model A), and (b) column group (Model B). This situation was analyzed using commercially available finite element package PLAXIS 2D ver. 8.2. It is found that both models are reliable to simulate the field static-loading test for column-treated peat. Model B shows a higher stability to failure if compared to Model A.
A preliminary evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Cogent db (an ayurvedic drug) in the glycemic control of patients with type 2-diabetes

Shekhar KC, Achike FI, Kaur G, Kumar P, Hashim R

J Altern Complement Med, 2002 Aug;8(4):445-57.
PMID: 12230905

A nonrandomized, non-placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of Cogent db (an herbal preparation; Cybele Herbal Laboratories [PVT] Ltd. Kochi, Kerala State, India) as an adjuvant in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes was carried out during a 3-month period.
Fulltext A preliminary report on ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) recovered from forensic entomological studies conducted in different ecological habitats in Malaysia

Chen CD, Nazni WA, Lee HL, Hashim R, Abdullah NA, Ramli R, et al.

Trop Biomed, 2014 Jun;31(2):381-6.
PMID: 25134909 MyJurnal

This study reported the ant species that were recovered from monkey carcasses in three different ecological habitats in Malaysia. The study was conducted from 9 May - 10 October 2007, 6 May - 6 August 2008 and 26 May - 14 July 2009 in forested area (Gombak, Selangor), coastal area (Tanjong Sepat, Selangor) and highland area (Bukit Cincin, Pahang), respectively. Monkey carcass was used as a model for human decomposition in this study. A total of 4 replicates were used in each of the study sites. Ants were observed to prey on eggs, larvae, pupae and newly emerged flies. This study found that ant species could be found at all stages of decomposition, indicating that ants were not a significant indicator for faunal succession. However, different species of ants were obtained from monkey carcasses placed in different ecological habitats. Cardiocondyla sp. was only found on carcasses placed in the coastal area; while Pheidole longipes, Hypoponera sp. and Pachycondyla sp. were solely found on carcasses placed in the highland area. On the other hand, Pheidologeton diversus and Paratrechina longicornis were found in several ecological habitats. These data suggests that specific ant species can act as geographic indicators for different ecological habitats in forensic entomology cases in Malaysia.
A reevaluation of the epimeric and anomeric relationship of glucosides and galactosides in thermotropic liquid crystal self-assemblies

Hashim R, Mirzadeh SM, Heidelberg T, Minamikawa H, Yoshiaki T, Sugimura A

Carbohydr Res, 2011 Dec 27;346(18):2948-56.
PMID: 22088885 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.10.032

Anomers and epimers α- and β-gluco and -galactosides are expected to behave differently. However, recent results on a series of Guerbet glycosides have indicated similar liquid crystal clearing temperatures for pure β-glucosides and the corresponding α-galactosides. This observation has led to speculation on similarities in the self-assembly interactions between the two systems, attributed to the trans-configuration of the 4-OH group and the hydrophobic aglycon. Previous simulations on related bilayers systems support this hypothesis, by relating this clearing transition temperature to intralayer (sugar-sugar) hydrogen bonding. In order to confirm the hypothesis, the comparison was expanded to include the cis-configurated pair, that is, α-gluco/β-galactoside. A set of α-configurated Guerbet glucosides as well as octyl α-galactoside were prepared and their thermotropic phase behavior studied. The data obtained enabled a complete comparison of the isomers of interest. While the results in general are in line with a pairing of the stereo-isomers according to the indicated cis/trans-configuration, differences within the pairs can be explained based on the direction of hydrogen bonds from a simple modeling study.
A review of strategies to monitor water and sediment quality for a sustainability assessment of marine environment

Tavakoly Sany SB, Hashim R, Rezayi M, Salleh A, Safari O

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2014 Jan;21(2):813-33.
PMID: 24142490 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2217-5

The basic aim of this work is (1) to review and present practically operational requirements for a sustainability assessment of marine environment, such as describing the monitoring process, research approaches, objectives, guidelines, and indicators and (2) to illustrate how physico-chemical and biological indicators can be practically applied, to assess water and sediment quality in marine and coastal environment. These indicators should meet defined criteria for practical usefulness, e.g. they should be simple to understand and apply to managers and scientists with different educational backgrounds. This review aimed to encapsulate that variability, recognizing that meaningful guidance should be flexible enough to accommodate the widely differing characteristics of marine ecosystems.
A systematic review of behaviour change techniques in pharmacist-delivered self-management interventions towards patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Jamil N, Zainal ZA, Alias SH, Chong LY, Hashim R

Res Social Adm Pharm, 2023 Aug;19(8):1131-1145.
PMID: 37202279 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.05.006

BACKGROUND: Self-management interventions often employ behaviour change techniques in order to produce desired target behaviours that are necessary for day-to-day living with a chronic disease. Despite the large number of self-management interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), previously reported interventions have been typically delivered by healthcare providers other than the pharmacist.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review examined the components of pharmacists-delivered COPD self-management interventions according to an established taxonomy of behaviour change techniques (BCTs).
METHODS: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, ScienceDirect, OVID, and Google Scholar from January 2011 to December 2021 for studies of pharmacist-delivered self-management interventions in COPD patients.
RESULTS: A total of seventeen studies of intervention were eligible for inclusion in the narrative review. Interventions were educational and were delivered individually and face-to-face for the first session. Across studies, pharmacists spent an average of 35 min on the first meeting and had an average of 6 follow-up sessions. Recurrent BCTs in pharmacist interventions were "Information on the health consequence", "Feedback on behaviour", "Instruction on how to perform a behaviour", "Demonstration of the behaviour" and "Behavioural practice/rehearsal".
CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacists have provided interventions towards improving health behaviours, especially on adherence and usage of inhaler devices for patients with COPD. Future self-management interventions should be designed using the identified BCTs for the improvement of COPD self-management and disease outcomes.
Fulltext Adaptive neuro-fuzzy methodology for noise assessment of wind turbine

Shamshirband S, Petković D, Hashim R, Motamedi S

PLoS One, 2014;9(7):e103414.
PMID: 25075621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103414

Wind turbine noise is one of the major obstacles for the widespread use of wind energy. Noise tone can greatly increase the annoyance factor and the negative impact on human health. Noise annoyance caused by wind turbines has become an emerging problem in recent years, due to the rapid increase in number of wind turbines, triggered by sustainable energy goals set forward at the national and international level. Up to now, not all aspects of the generation, propagation and perception of wind turbine noise are well understood. For a modern large wind turbine, aerodynamic noise from the blades is generally considered to be the dominant noise source, provided that mechanical noise is adequately eliminated. The sources of aerodynamic noise can be divided into tonal noise, inflow turbulence noise, and airfoil self-noise. Many analytical and experimental acoustical studies performed the wind turbines. Since the wind turbine noise level analyzing by numerical methods or computational fluid dynamics (CFD) could be very challenging and time consuming, soft computing techniques are preferred. To estimate noise level of wind turbine, this paper constructed a process which simulates the wind turbine noise levels in regard to wind speed and sound frequency with adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). This intelligent estimator is implemented using Matlab/Simulink and the performances are investigated. The simulation results presented in this paper show the effectiveness of the developed method.
Adsorption of copper (II), chromium (III), nickel (II) and lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions by meranti sawdust

Rafatullah M, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Ahmad A

J Hazard Mater, 2009 Oct 30;170(2-3):969-77.
PMID: 19520510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.066

The present study proposed the use of meranti sawdust in the removal of Cu(II), Cr(III), Ni(II) and Pb(II) ions from synthetic aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption studies showed that meranti sawdust was able to adsorb Cu(II), Cr(III), Ni(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions in the concentration range 1-200mg/L. The adsorption was favoured with maximum adsorption at pH 6, whereas the adsorption starts at pH 1 for all metal ions. The effects of contact time, initial concentration of metal ions, adsorbent dosage and temperature have been reported. The applicability of Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm was tried for the system to completely understand the adsorption isotherm processes. The adsorption kinetics tested with pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models yielded high R(2) values from 0.850 to 0.932 and from 0.991 to 0.999, respectively. The meranti sawdust was found to be cost effective and has good efficiency to remove these toxic metal ions from aqueous solution.
Adsorption of methylene blue on low-cost adsorbents: a review

Rafatullah M, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Ahmad A

J Hazard Mater, 2010 May 15;177(1-3):70-80.
PMID: 20044207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.047

In this article, the use of low-cost adsorbents for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from solution has been reviewed. Adsorption techniques are widely used to remove certain classes of pollutants from waters, especially those which are not easily biodegradable. The removal of MB, as a pollutant, from waste waters of textile, paper, printing and other industries has been addressed by the researchers. Currently, a combination of biological treatment and adsorption on activated carbon is becoming more common for removal of dyes from wastewater. Although commercial activated carbon is a preferred adsorbent for color removal, its widespread use is restricted due to its relatively high cost which led to the researches on alternative non-conventional and low-cost adsorbents. The purpose of this review article is to organize the scattered available information on various aspects on a wide range of potentially low-cost adsorbents for MB removal. These include agricultural wastes, industrial solid wastes, biomass, clays minerals and zeolites. Agricultural waste materials being highly efficient, low cost and renewable source of biomass can be exploited for MB remediation. It is evident from a literature survey of about 185 recently published papers that low-cost adsorbents have demonstrated outstanding removal capabilities for MB.
Fulltext Aleocharine rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) associated with Leptogenys Roger, 1861 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) I. Review of three genera associated with L. distinguenda (Emery, 1887) and L. mutabilis (Smith, 1861)

Maruyama M, von Beeren C, Hashim R

Zookeys, 2010.
PMID: 21594195 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.59.510

Three myrmecophilous genera of Aleocharinae (Staphylinidae) associated with Leptogenys distinguenda (Emery, 1887) and Leptogenys mutabilis (Smith, 1861) are reviewed with descriptions of new taxa: Maschwitzia Kistner, 1989, Togpelenys Kistner, 1989 and Witteia Maruyama & von Beeren, gen. n. (type species: Witteia dentilabrumMaruyama & von Beeren, sp. n.). The following new combinations are proposed: Zyras (s. lat.) aenictophila (Kistner, 1997),comb. n. (exMaschwitzia), Zyras (s. lat.) dichthadiaphila (Kistner in Kistner et al., 2003), comb. n. (exMaschwitzia), Maschwitzia derougemonti (Pace, 1984), comb. n. (exWroughtonilla Wasmann, 1899), Maschwitzia watanabei (Maruyama, 2004), comb. n. (exWroughtonilla), Maschwitzia dilatata (Pace, 2005), comb. n. (exWroughtonilla), Witteia borneensis (Pace, 1986), comb. n. (ex Wroughtonilla). These genera belong to the Wroughtonilla genus group of the tribe Lomechusini.
Alkyl triazole glycosides (ATGs)--a new class of bio-related surfactants

Sani FA, Heidelberg T, Hashim R, Farhanullah

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2012 Sep 1;97:196-200.
PMID: 22609603 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.03.030

A series of glucose based surfactants varying in chain length and anomeric configuration were synthesized and investigated on their surfactant properties. The synthesis applied glycosylation of propargyl alcohol followed by cycloaddition with alkyl azides in CLICK chemistry fashion. This approach enables a homogeneous coupling of hydrophilic unprotected sugars and hydrophobic paraffin components in low molecular weight alcohols without solvent side reactions, as commonly found for APGs. The combination of alcohols as inert medium with practically quantitative coupling of the surfactant domains avoids particularly hydrophobic contaminations of the surfactant, thus providing access to pure surfactants. ATGs with chain lengths up to 12 carbons exhibit Krafft points below room temperature and no cloud points were detected. The values for the CMC of ATGs with 12 carbon alkyl chains and above were in good agreement with those of corresponding alkyl glucosides. However, lower homologues exhibited significantly smaller CMCs, and the trend of the CMC upon the chain length did not match common surfactant behavior. This deviation may be related to the triazole that links the two surfactant domains.
Fulltext Analysis using image segmentation for the elemental composition of activated carbon

Danish M, Akhtar MN, Hashim R, Saleh JM, Bakar EA

MethodsX, 2020;7:100983.
PMID: 32742942 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.100983

This article encompasses the method related to image segmentation of the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) images of Acacia Mangium Wood derived Activated Carbons under different conditions. Image segmentation using Hue-Saturation-Value (HSV) thresholding method was adapted to identify the different pattern composition in the grayscale images by varying the intensity Value (V) and keeping Hue (H) and Saturation (S) to zero, and each pattern was considered as one type of element that constituted the Activated Carbon. The algorithm was developed to compute the percentage of each pattern using non-zero pixels, and on the basis of different patterns, different elements having certain percentage of composition were recorded. Later, these results were compared with the Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) to cross check the difference in percentage of each element present at the surface of the Activated Carbon. Part of this result is published in the article [1], "Comparison of surface properties of wood biomass Activated Carbons and their application against rhodamine B and methylene blue dye" Surfaces and Interfaces vol. 11 (2018) pp1-13.•The methods involved will be useful for characterization of Activated Carbon materials.•Image segmentation using HSV thresholding will inspire other researchers to apply similar concept on other materials.•Different patterns obtained for FESEM images using HSV thresholding was able to determine the presence of multiple elements present in the prepared Activated Carbon samples.
Anhydrous octyl-glucoside phase transition from lamellar to isotropic induced by electric and magnetic fields

Hashim R, Sugimura A, Nguan HS, Rahman M, Zimmermann H

J Chem Phys, 2017 Feb 28;146(8):084702.
PMID: 28249421 DOI: 10.1063/1.4976979

A static deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance (2HNMR) technique (magnetic field, B = 7.05 T) was employed to monitor the thermotropic lamellar phase of the anhydrous 1:1 mixture sample of octyl-b-D-glucoside (βOG) and that of partially deuterium labelled at the alpha position on the chain, i.e.,βOG-d2 In the absence of an electric field, the 2H NMR spectrum of the mixture gives a typical quadrupolar doublet representing the aligned lamellar phase. Upon heating to beyond the clearing temperature at 112 °C, this splitting converts to a single line expected for an isotropic phase. Simultaneous application of magnetic and electric fields (E = 0.4 MV/m) at 85 °C in the lamellar phase, whose direction was set to be parallel or perpendicular to the magnetic field, resulted in the change of the doublet into a single line and this recovers to the initial doublet with time for both experimental geometries. This implies E- and B-field-induced phase transitions from the lamellar to an isotropic phase and a recovery to the lamellar phase again with time. Moreover, these phase transformations are accompanied by a transient current. A similar observation was made in a computational study when an electric field was applied to a water cluster system. Increasing the field strength distorts the water cluster and weakens its hydrogen bonds leading to a structural breakdown beyond a threshold field-strength. Therefore, we suggest the observed field-induced transition is likely due to a structure change of the βOG lamellar assembly caused by the field effect and not due to Joule heating.

Filters

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links