The hydrology hydraulic model is established to assess environmental information on hydrology which
can be used to investigate causes of various environmental problems at the river and natural lake
catchment. This study reports on sediment concentrations at a river using a gravimetric method to
investigate the hydrology system at a lake catchment. The measurement was carried out at the
upstream, midstream, and downstream stations on the river in normal, rainy and post-rainy seasons.
The stations are located along the Chini River, which are connected to a catchment lake (located at
latitude 3°26’36.41”E-3°27’03.26”E and longitude 102°54’31.94”N-102°53’35.49”N). From the
measurements, it is estimated that on average 787.621 tonne/km2 of sediment is transferred into the
natural lake via Chini River annually. The correlation of statistical analysis between the sediment load
and discharge study was very significant (R2 = 0.980). There is a linear relation between the area of
the catchment and sediment load of the connecting river as supported by other studies in Malaysia.
The outcome of the study suggests that the high sedimentation is due to land use activity, existence of
the dam at the downstream of Chini River that traps the sediment, reverse flow from the Pahang River
into Chini River and riverbank erosion factors. From this study, the sediment control steps are
suggested such as creating conservation partially at the lake catchment, modifying the dam system,
riverbank erosion control, and application of “Monkey Cheek” system. These sediment control steps
may help to clean up the high suspended sediment at the whole lake system area, hence solving and
mitigating the environmental problems in the natural lake catchment.
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti punca berlakunya banjir di Segamat pada 17 hingga 21 Disember 2006. Kegiatan termasuklah mengumpul, menilai dan mengalisis data taburan hujan dari Januari 1998 hingga Disember 2006 serta menganalisis data telemetri harian bagi aras dan luahan air sungai pada Disember 2006. Satu set data hujan harian, bulanan dan tahunan dari Stesen Felda Medoi, Segamat telah dianalisis dan dihubungkait dengan data telemetri. Data taburan hujan selama 8 tahun tersebut menunjukkan kawasan Bandar Segamat menerima hujan bulanan yang berjulat daripada 2.5 mm (Februari 2004) sehingga 536.8 mm (Januari 2003). Taburan hujan bulanan Oktober sehingga Disember 2006 menunjukkan kenaikan secara positif, iaitu daripada 118 mm sehingga 435 mm/bulan tetapi berlaku penurunan (392 mm) pada Januari 2007. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa hujan lebat yang luar biasa dan keadaan bentuk topografi yang rendah dan beralun di kawasan kajian adalah penyebab utama banjir di Segamat.