Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 31 in total

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  1. Lazan H, Ng SY, Goh LY, Ali ZM
    Plant Physiol Biochem, 2004 Dec;42(11):847-53.
    PMID: 15694277
    The potential significance of the previously reported papaya (Carica papaya L.) beta-galactosidase/galactanase (beta-d-galactoside galactohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.23) isoforms, beta-gal I, II and III, as softening enzymes during ripening was evaluated for hydrolysis of pectins while still structurally attached to unripe fruit cell wall, and hemicelluloses that were already solubilized in 4 M alkali. The enzymes were capable of differentially hydrolyzing the cell wall as evidenced by increased pectin solubility, pectin depolymerization, and degradation of the alkali-soluble hemicelluloses (ASH). This enzyme catalyzed in vitro changes to the cell walls reflecting in part the changes that occur in situ during ripening. beta-Galactosidase II was most effective in hydrolyzing pectin, followed by beta-gal III and I. The reverse appeared to be true with respect to the hemicelluloses. Hemicellulose, which was already released from any architectural constraints, seemed to be hydrolyzed more extensively than the pectins. The ability of the beta-galactanases to markedly hydrolyze pectin and hemicellulose suggests that galactans provide a structural cross-linkage between the cell wall components. Collectively, the results support the case for a functional relevance of the papaya enzymes in softening related changes during ripening.
  2. Ng DL, Bin Jamalludin MA, Gan XY, Ng SY, Bin Mohamad Rasidin MZ, Felix BA, et al.
    Risk Manag Healthc Policy, 2023;16:2505-2519.
    PMID: 38024502 DOI: 10.2147/RMHP.S439530
    INTRODUCTION: Malaysia entered the transition to the endemic phase of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) on 1st April 2022. This study aims to determine the public's willingness to perform COVID-19 self-testing. Factors that influenced their willingness were also assessed.

    METHODS: A nationwide, cross-sectional, and population-based study was conducted online in Malaysia from 28th April 2023 to 4th June 2023. Individuals aged 18 years and above were enrolled through the snowball sampling method. Data were analyzed by using the Chi-Square test, independent t-test, and binary logistic regression.

    RESULTS: One thousand four hundred fifty-three responses were included in the analysis. Of these respondents, 89.3% were willing, 4.1% were reluctant, and 6.6% remained hesitant to perform COVID-19 self-testing, The common reasons given by those willing to perform COVID-19 self-testing included being able to self-isolate (99.0%) and seek treatment (96.3%) earlier if tested positive. The common reasons against COVID-19 self-testing included the belief that COVID-19 is equivalent to the common flu (91.7%) and having received the COVID-19 vaccine (78.3%). The isolation policy for COVID-19 was the most significant consideration for those who were still hesitant (85.4%). Women [adjusted odds ratios (OR): 2.1, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI): 1.44-3.00, p < 0.001], individuals with tertiary education (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.32-3.26, p = 0.002), those vaccinated against COVID-19 (OR: 8.1, 95% CI: 2.63-24.82, p < 0.001), and individuals with prior experience of COVID-19 self-testing (OR: 4.2, 95% CI: 2.84-6.12, p < 0.001) showed a significantly higher willingness to engage in COVID-19 self-testing.

    CONCLUSION: The public exhibited a high willingness to perform COVID-19 self-testing during the transition to the endemic phase in Malaysia. Future strategies to promote COVID-19 self-testing uptake in Malaysia should focus on vulnerable groups, address the common concerns among those hesitant and reluctant, and highlight the advantages of COVID-19 self-testing.

  3. Ng SY, Begum S, Chong SY
    Pediatr Dermatol, 2016 Mar;33(2):160-4.
    PMID: 26856694 DOI: 10.1111/pde.12758
    Atopic eczema (AE) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder in children, with emollients and topical corticosteroids (TCSs) commonly prescribed as treatment. There is no published guidance on the correct order of application of emollient and TCS in children with AE.
  4. Ng SY, Chong SY
    Med J Malaysia, 2014 Dec;69(6):252-6.
    PMID: 25934954 MyJurnal
    Study site: Hospital Teluk Intan, Perak, Malaysia
  5. Topkaya D, Ng SY, Bretonnière Y, Lafont D, Chung LY, Lee HB, et al.
    Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 2016 Dec;16:12-14.
    PMID: 27475243 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.07.008
  6. Ng SY, Eh Suk VR, Gew LT
    J Cosmet Dermatol, 2022 Nov;21(11):5409-5444.
    PMID: 35723888 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15170
    BACKGROUND: Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation has harmful effects on human skin. At present, synthetic and mineral types of sunscreens used to protect against these harmful damages have been reported to cause negative health and environmental effects. The studies involving characterization and isolation of phytoconstituents from natural botanical sources are important to discover their potential beneficial effects on sunscreen development AIM: This systematic review provides specific and compiled information on the photoprotective properties of natural botanical sources for sunscreen development. The efforts in research and innovation are essential to ensure the safety and sustainability of plant-based sunscreen products.

    METHODS: In this review, a total of 35 articles were selected using the Scopus database based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria RESULT: The significant correlation between total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activities, and sun protection factor were shown in these studies which confirmed the potential benefits of natural plants in sunscreen development.

    CONCLUSIONS: In addition, natural botanical sources also exhibit excellent anti-tyrosinase, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the biological activities of plants were dependent on the solvents used for extraction.

  7. Kao CY, Lin TL, Lin YH, Lee AK, Ng SY, Huang TH, et al.
    Cells, 2022 Dec 08;11(24).
    PMID: 36552731 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243967
    In scaffold-regulated bone regeneration, most three-dimensional (3D)-printed scaffolds do not provide physical stimulation to stem cells. In this study, a magnetic scaffold was fabricated using fused deposition modeling with calcium silicate (CS), iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4), and poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) as the matrix for internal magnetic sources. A static magnetic field was used as an external magnetic source. It was observed that 5% Fe3O4 provided a favorable combination of compressive strength (9.6 ± 0.9 MPa) and degradation rate (21.6 ± 1.9% for four weeks). Furthermore, the Fe3O4-containing scaffold increased in vitro bioactivity and Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells' (WJMSCs) adhesion. Moreover, it was shown that the Fe3O4-containing scaffold enhanced WJMSCs' proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and the osteogenic-related proteins of the scaffold. Under the synergistic effect of the static magnetic field, the CS scaffold containing Fe3O4 can not only enhance cell activity but also stimulate the simultaneous secretion of collagen I and osteocalcin. Overall, our results demonstrated that Fe3O4-containing CS/PCL scaffolds could be fabricated three dimensionally and combined with a static magnetic field to affect cell behaviors, potentially increasing the likelihood of clinical applications for bone tissue engineering.
  8. Ng SY, Lee AYW
    Front Cell Neurosci, 2019;13:528.
    PMID: 31827423 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00528
    Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality amongst civilians and military personnel globally. Despite advances in our knowledge of the complex pathophysiology of TBI, the underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. While initial brain insult involves acute and irreversible primary damage to the parenchyma, the ensuing secondary brain injuries often progress slowly over months to years, hence providing a window for therapeutic interventions. To date, hallmark events during delayed secondary CNS damage include Wallerian degeneration of axons, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death of neurons and glia. Extensive research has been directed to the identification of druggable targets associated with these processes. Furthermore, tremendous effort has been put forth to improve the bioavailability of therapeutics to CNS by devising strategies for efficient, specific and controlled delivery of bioactive agents to cellular targets. Here, we give an overview of the pathophysiology of TBI and the underlying molecular mechanisms, followed by an update on novel therapeutic targets and agents. Recent development of various approaches of drug delivery to the CNS is also discussed.
  9. Ng SY, Kamkaew A, Fu N, Kue CS, Chung LY, Kiew LV, et al.
    Int J Pharm, 2020 Apr 15;579:119189.
    PMID: 32126251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119189
    Active targeting compound, a non-iodinated derivative of IK-IK-I2-azaBODIPY (1a) was previously reported to preferentially bind melanoma over healthy cells. In this study, we evaluate the photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficiency on melanoma cells of 1a, together with its reversed sequence compound KI-KI-I2-azaBODIPY (1b) and a non-targeted control I2-azaBODIPY-NH2 (2). All three test compounds possess absorption wavelengths in the near-infrared (NIR) region (λmax between 678 and 687 nm) which alleviate melanin interference and allow deeper tissue penetration. In vitro studies revealed 1a and 1b are promising photosensitizers with enhanced singlet oxygen generation, have increased uptake by B16-F10 melanoma cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and good photocytotoxic efficacies. Ex vivo biodistribution assays showed both 1a and 1b accumulated in the tumour. In B16-F10 tumour bearing-C57BL/6 mice, 10 mg/kg of 1b and light irradiation was found to reduce tumour volume by up to 23% at day-3. Doubling the dosage of 1b (20 mg/kg) enhanced the antitumour effect, showing 96% maximum tumour volume reduction at day-7 and tumour growth suppression for up to 12 days.
  10. Kue CS, Ng SY, Voon SH, Kamkaew A, Chung LY, Kiew LV, et al.
    Photochem Photobiol Sci, 2018 Nov 01;17(11):1691-1708.
    PMID: 29845993 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00113h
    BODIPYs are photosensitizers activatable by light to generate highly reactive singlet oxygen (1O2) from molecular oxygen, leading to tissue damage in the photoirradiated region. Despite their extraordinary photophysical characteristics, they are not featured in clinical photodynamic therapy. This review discusses the recent advances in the design and/or modifications of BODIPYs since 2013, to improve their potential in photodynamic cancer therapy and related areas.
  11. Ng SY
    Pediatr Dermatol, 2014 Sep-Oct;31(5):615-7.
    PMID: 23889163 DOI: 10.1111/pde.12199
    A 5-month-old boy had erythematous nodules over the left side of his trunk with a segmental arrangement since birth. Histopathologic examination revealed sheets of foamy histiocytes infiltrating the dermis and subcutaneous fat, admixed with multinucleated giant cells and lymphocytes, making this an unusual case of juvenile xanthogranuloma appearing in a segmental distribution.
  12. Ng SY
    Indian J Dermatol, 2015 Jul-Aug;60(4):420.
    PMID: 26288431 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.160515
    A 3-month-old female patient with a giant ulcerated nodule over the back since birth was diagnosed as congenital giant juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) based on clinical and histopathological examination. Congenital giant JXG with ulceration at birth is a rare presentation of JXG and commonly misdiagnosed. This case emphasizes the importance of being aware of the myriad presentations of JXG in order to make a correct diagnosis and avoid unnecessary investigations or treatment.
  13. Sim YC, Mohd-Rosli IS, Lau BT, Ng SY
    Pharm Pract (Granada), 2021 06 02;19(2):2353.
    PMID: 34221203 DOI: 10.18549/PharmPract.2021.2.2353
    Background: Patient satisfaction is one of the essential indicators for assessing the quality of healthcare services being delivered, including pharmacy ambulatory care service, as it determines the practicability and sustainability of the service provided. As such, pharmaceutical care services provided during medication therapy adherence clinic (MTAC) sessions need to be assessed to maximise its effectiveness and benefits to the patients.

    Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between patient satisfaction and socio-demographic characteristics, as well as the predictors for patient satisfaction.

    Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the medical outpatient department in Hospital Port Dickson from January until October 2019. Convenience sampling method was used to recruit potential study participants. Patient satisfaction was measured using Validated Patient Satisfaction with Pharmacist Services Questionnaire (PSPSQ2.0), consisted of quality of care and interpersonal relationship between pharmacist and patient domains. Descriptive data were presented as mean and standard deviation or numbers and percentages, while Independent Sample t-test, ANOVA and post-hoc analysis, and multiple linear regression were used for inferential data analysis.

    Results: There were 37 (25%) diabetes MTAC, 36 (24.3%) respiratory MTAC, and 75 (50.7%) warfarin MTAC patients recruited. On average, the mean overall satisfaction score was 3.30(SD=0.43). The mean satisfaction score in the interpersonal relationship domain [3.35(SD=0.44)] was higher than the quality of care domain [3.26(SD=0.45)]. There was a significant association between gender, education level, and patient satisfaction towards pharmaceutical care service (p<0.05). Gender and education level statistically predicted respondents' satisfaction with MTAC services (p<0.001).

    Conclusions: The overall patient satisfaction towards MTAC services in this setting was high. Gender and education level were significant predictors for patient satisfaction. These findings could potentially contribute to the planning of MTAC services in the future.

  14. Samsuri AH, Ang MY, Ng SY
    Int J Anal Chem, 2021;2021:1941336.
    PMID: 34745265 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1941336
    This study aims to determine the residual hexane in four edible oils in Malaysia using a simple, rapid, and automated method in order to improve the efficiency and productivity of the analysis. Gas chromatography (GC/FID) equipped with a headspace autosampler (HS-20) was used to perform the analysis. Incubation time for each injection was successfully optimized from one hour to 30 minutes (50% reduction) compared to the official AOCS method Ca 3b-87. Out of the four tested edible oils, only the hexane residues detected in sunflower oil exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL) set by the European Union regulation. Significant difference of the results obtained between large calibration range (0-938 mg kg-1) and small calibration range (0-68 mg kg-1) suggests that there is a need to use a lower standard calibration concentration to avoid misinterpretation of analysis results. Method validation applies to the technical hexane; 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, cyclohexane, and methylcyclopentane, the signal-to-noise (S/N), as well as the limit of quantification (LoQ) values was found to be 218.20, 221.45, 746.37, 97.37 and 0.85, 0.84, 0.25, 1.93 mg kg-1, respectively. Good linearity, repeatability, and low carryover of this method have provided an alternative way to analyze the content of the residual hexane in edible oils in a more efficient manner. Current study might provide a fundamental reference for the improvement of the AOCS official Ca 3b-87 method for determination of hexane residues in fats and oils analysis in the future.
  15. Ng SY, D'Arcy C, Orchard D
    Australas J Dermatol, 2015 Nov;56(4):e102-4.
    PMID: 24635514 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12159
    Lipoatrophic panniculitis is a rare condition affecting mainly children, often associated with connective tissue disease. We report a healthy 12-month-old girl with no clinical or laboratory features of connective tissue disease who presented with the progressive appearance of annular atrophic plaques beginning at the left arm. A histopathological analysis revealed lobular panniculitis, with fat necrosis and an associated inflammatory infiltrate supporting the diagnosis of lipoatrophic panniculitis. Lipoatrophic panniculitis should be considered in infants and young children with clinical features of panniculitis and fat atrophy even without clinical or serologic evidence of connective tissue disease.
  16. Bhabha FK, Magee J, Ng SY, Grills CE, Su J, Orchard D
    Australas J Dermatol, 2016 Feb;57(1):e20-2.
    PMID: 25557526 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12257
    Multiple dermatofibromas is a rare entity consisting of more than fifteen lesions. Multiple clustered dermatofibroma is a distinct variant of multiple dermatofibromas and is defined as a well-demarcated plaque composed of individual dermatofibromas. We report a 16-year-old boy with multiple clustered dermatofibroma in a segmental distribution, which has previously not been reported in the literature.
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