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  1. Endo H, Nguyen TS, Nguyen DD, Sasaki M, Kimura J, Oshida T, et al.
    J Vet Med Sci, 2021 Oct 02;83(10):1534-1544.
    PMID: 34380913 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0322
    Morphological variation of the skull was examined in the northern treeshrew (Tupaia belangeri) from various localities across Southeast Asia. Through a multivariate analysis, the treeshrews from South Vietnam exhibited distinct morphological characteristics compared to other populations from Thailand and Laos, and Malaysia. The plots of the specimens of North Vietnam are not randomly mixed with Thailand plots segregation in the scatteregrams of canonical discriminant analysis. Since the skulls of the population from North Vietnam were morphologically similar to those form central Laos and northern and northeastern Thailand, the zoogeographical barrier effect of Mekong River was not clearly confirmed. The population of the Kanchanaburi in western Thailand is clearly smaller in size compared to the other populations. The southern border of the distribution of this species is determined by the Isthmus of Kra or Kangar-Pattani Line. In the northern treeshrew, which is distributed from southern China to Bangladesh and southern Thailand, we have detected osteometrical geographical variation driven by geography. These results indicate that the skull morphology in the Tupaia glis-belangeri complex distinctively differs in South Vietnam, western Thailand, and southern Thailand. The zoogeographical barrier and factor separating these districts are expected to clarify in the future.
  2. Nguyen XC, Ly QV, Peng W, Nguyen VH, Nguyen DD, Tran QB, et al.
    J Hazard Mater, 2021 07 05;413:125426.
    PMID: 33621772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125426
    This study evaluated and compared the performance of two vertical flow constructed wetlands (VF) using expanded clay (VF1) and biochar (VF2), of which both are low-cost, eco-friendly, and exhibit potentially high adsorption as compared to conventional filter layers. Both VFs achieved relatively high removal for organic matters (i.e. Biological oxygen demand during 5 days, BOD5) and nitrogen, accounting for 9.5 - 10.5 g.BOD5.m-2.d-1 and 3.5 - 3.6 g.NH4-N.m-2.d-1, respectively. The different filter materials did not exert any significant discrepancy to effluent quality in terms of suspended solids, organic matters and NO3-N (P > 0.05), but they did influence NH4-N effluent as evidenced by the removal rate of that by VF1 and VF2 being of 82.4 ± 5.7 and 84.6 ± 6.4%, respectively (P 
  3. Pham TV, Nguyen TT, Nguyen DT, Thuan TV, Bui PQT, Viet VND, et al.
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2019 02 01;19(2):1122-1125.
    PMID: 30360214 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2019.15926
    Recently, the graphite based materials have gained interest as excellent platforms to remove aqueous pollutants via adsorption routes. This is given that such materials possess large specific surface area and low density. In the present work, a comparative study of two facile and effective approaches is conventional thermal heating and microwave irradiation methods to fabricate expanded graphite from available flake graphite sources of Vietnam for oil-contaminated water purification. The as-prepared expanded graphite was characterized by using FT-IR, SEM, XRD and BET analysis. The results exhibited that expanded graphite has multilevel pore structures and the surface area of expanded graphite obtained from microwave irradiation and conventional heating was 147.5 (m²/g) and 100.97 (m²/g) under optimal processing conditions. The as-synthesized expanded graphite from the microwave irradiation method was found to have higher adsorption capacities for diesel oil, crude oil, and fuel oil compared to conventional heating method.
  4. Fieldhouse JK, Bailey ES, Toh TH, Hii KC, Mallinson KA, Ting J, et al.
    PMID: 32817802 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-020-00114-2
    Background: In a year-long pneumonia etiology study conducted June 2017 to May 2018 in Sarawak, Malaysia, 599 patients' nasopharyngeal swab specimens were studied with real-time polymerase chain reaction (rPCR)/ reverse-transcription (rRT-PCR) assays for respiratory pathogens known to contribute to the high burden of lower respiratory tract infections. The study team sought to compare real-time assay results with panspecies conventional molecular diagnostics to compare sensitivities and learn if novel viruses had been missed.

    Methods: Specimens were studied for evidence of adenovirus (AdV), enterovirus (EV) and coronavirus (CoV) with panspecies gel-based nested PCR/RT-PCR assays. Gene sequences of specimens positive by panspecies assays were sequenced and studied with the NCBI Basic Local Alignment Search Tool software.

    Results: There was considerable discordance between real-time and conventional molecular methods. The real-time AdV assay found a positivity of 10.4%; however, the AdV panspecies assay detected a positivity of 12.4% and the conventional AdV-Hexon assay detected a positivity of 19.6%. The CoV and EV panspecies assays similarly detected more positive specimens than the real-time assays, with a positivity of 7.8% by the CoV panspecies assay versus 4.2% by rRT-PCR, and 8.0% by the EV panspecies assay versus 1.0% by rRT-PCR. We were not able to ascertain virus viability in this setting. While most discordance was likely due to assay sensitivity for previously described human viruses, two novel, possible zoonotic AdV were detected.

    Conclusions: The observed differences in the two modes of amplification suggest that where a problem with sensitivity is suspected, real-time assay results might be supplemented with panspecies conventional PCR/RT-PCR assays.

  5. Nguyen AK, Nguyen DV, Ngo GC, Nguyen TT, Inoue S, Yamada A, et al.
    Jpn J Infect Dis, 2011;64(5):391-6.
    PMID: 21937820
    This study was aimed at determining the molecular epidemiology of rabies virus (RABV) circulating in Vietnam. Intra vitam samples (saliva and cerebrospinal fluid) were collected from 31 patients who were believed to have rabies and were admitted to hospitals in northern provinces of Vietnam. Brain samples were collected from 176 sick or furious rabid dogs from all over the country. The human and canine samples were subjected to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. The findings showed that 23 patients tested positive for RABV. Interestingly, 5 rabies patients did not have any history of dog or cat bites, but they had an experience of butchering dogs or cats, or consuming their meat. RABV was also detected in 2 of the 100 sick dogs from slaughterhouses. Molecular epidemiological analysis of 27 RABV strains showed that these viruses could be classified into two groups. The RABVs classified into Group 1 were distributed throughout Vietnam and had sequence similarity with the strains from China, Thailand, Malaysia, and the Philippines. However, the RABVs classified into Group 2 were only found in the northern provinces of Vietnam and showed high sequence similarity with the strain from southern China. This finding suggested the recent influx of Group 2 RABVs between Vietnam and China across the border. Although the incidence of rabies due to circulating RABVs in slaughterhouses is less common than that due to dog bite, the national program for rabies control and prevention in Vietnam should include monitoring of the health of dogs meant for human consumption and vaccination for workers at dog slaughterhouses. Further, monitoring of and research on the circulating RABVs in dog markets may help to determine the cause of rabies and control the spread of rabies in slaughterhouses in Vietnam.
  6. Toh TH, Hii KC, Fieldhouse JK, Ting J, Berita A, Nguyen TT, et al.
    Open Forum Infect Dis, 2019 Mar;6(3):ofz074.
    PMID: 30949525 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz074
    Background: Although pneumonia is a known cause of morbidity and mortality in Sarawak, Malaysia, the etiology and epidemiology of pneumonia are not well described in this equatorial region. Routine clinical diagnostics for pneumonia etiology at government hospitals in Sarawak had historically involved only bacterial diagnostics. Viral diagnostics were only obtained through outside consultations.

    Methods: From June 15, 2017 to May 14, 2018, we collected nasopharyngeal swabs from 600 patients of all ages older than 1 month hospitalized with pneumonia at Sibu and Kapit Hospitals. Specimens were examined at our collaborating institutions with a panel of molecular assays for viral pathogens including influenza A (IAV), IBV, ICV, and IDV, human adenovirus (AdV), human enterovirus (EV), human coronavirus (CoV), respiratory syncytial virus subtype A (RSV-A) or RSV-B, and parainfluenza virus (PIV) types 1-4.

    Results: Of 599 samples examined, 288 (48%) had molecular evidence of 1 or more respiratory viruses. Overall, the most prevalent virus detected was RSV-A (14.2%) followed by AdV (10.4%) and IAV (10.4%), then RSV-B (6.2%), EV (4.2%), IBV (2.2%), PIV-3 (1.7%), CoV (1.0%), PIV-1 (1.0%), PIV-4 (0.7%), and PIV-2 (0.2%). No specimens were confirmed positive for ICV or IDV.

    Conclusions: The high prevalence of viruses detected in this study suggest that respiratory viruses may be responsible for considerable morbidity in equatorial regions such as Sarawak. Access to viral diagnostics are very necessary for medical staff to determine appropriate pneumonia treatments.

  7. Bui-Xuan D, Tang DYY, Chew KW, Nguyen TDP, Le Ho H, Tran TNT, et al.
    J Biotechnol, 2022 Jan 10;343:120-127.
    PMID: 34896159 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.12.002
    Co-culture of microalgae and microorganisms, supported with the resulting synergistic effects, can be used for wastewater treatment, biomass production, agricultural applications and etc. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) in tolerance against the harsh environment of seafood wastewater, at which these microalgal-bacterial flocs were formed by microalgae cultivation. In this present study, B. subtilis isolated from the cultivation medium of Chlorella vulgaris and exposed to different salinity (0.1-4% w/v sodium chloride) and various pH range to determine the tolerant ability and biofilm formation. Interestingly, this bacteria strain that isolated from microalgae cultivation medium showed the intense viability in the salt concentration exceeding up to 4% (w/v) NaCl but demonstrated the decrease in cell division as environmental culture undergoing over pH 10. Cell viability was recorded higher than 71% and 92% for B. subtilis inoculum in media with salt concentration greater than 20 gL-1 and external pH 6.5-9, respectively. This showed that B. subtilis isolated from microalgal-bacteria cocultivation exhibited its tolerant ability to survive in the extremely harsh conditions and thus, mitigating the stresses due to salinity and pH.
  8. Nguyen TN, Qureshi MM, Klein P, Yamagami H, Mikulik R, Czlonkowska A, et al.
    Neurology, 2023 Jan 24;100(4):e408-e421.
    PMID: 36257718 DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000201426
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Declines in stroke admission, IV thrombolysis (IVT), and mechanical thrombectomy volumes were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a paucity of data on the longer-term effect of the pandemic on stroke volumes over the course of a year and through the second wave of the pandemic. We sought to measure the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volumes of stroke admissions, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), IVT, and mechanical thrombectomy over a 1-year period at the onset of the pandemic (March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021) compared with the immediately preceding year (March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020).

    METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal retrospective study across 6 continents, 56 countries, and 275 stroke centers. We collected volume data for COVID-19 admissions and 4 stroke metrics: ischemic stroke admissions, ICH admissions, IVT treatments, and mechanical thrombectomy procedures. Diagnoses were identified by their ICD-10 codes or classifications in stroke databases.

    RESULTS: There were 148,895 stroke admissions in the 1 year immediately before compared with 138,453 admissions during the 1-year pandemic, representing a 7% decline (95% CI [95% CI 7.1-6.9]; p < 0.0001). ICH volumes declined from 29,585 to 28,156 (4.8% [5.1-4.6]; p < 0.0001) and IVT volume from 24,584 to 23,077 (6.1% [6.4-5.8]; p < 0.0001). Larger declines were observed at high-volume compared with low-volume centers (all p < 0.0001). There was no significant change in mechanical thrombectomy volumes (0.7% [0.6-0.9]; p = 0.49). Stroke was diagnosed in 1.3% [1.31-1.38] of 406,792 COVID-19 hospitalizations. SARS-CoV-2 infection was present in 2.9% ([2.82-2.97], 5,656/195,539) of all stroke hospitalizations.

    DISCUSSION: There was a global decline and shift to lower-volume centers of stroke admission volumes, ICH volumes, and IVT volumes during the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the prior year. Mechanical thrombectomy volumes were preserved. These results suggest preservation in the stroke care of higher severity of disease through the first pandemic year.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION: This study is registered under NCT04934020.

  9. Khor CC, Do T, Jia H, Nakano M, George R, Abu-Amero K, et al.
    Nat Genet, 2016 May;48(5):556-62.
    PMID: 27064256 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3540
    Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a major cause of blindness worldwide. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) followed by replication in a combined total of 10,503 PACG cases and 29,567 controls drawn from 24 countries across Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. We observed significant evidence of disease association at five new genetic loci upon meta-analysis of all patient collections. These loci are at EPDR1 rs3816415 (odds ratio (OR) = 1.24, P = 5.94 × 10(-15)), CHAT rs1258267 (OR = 1.22, P = 2.85 × 10(-16)), GLIS3 rs736893 (OR = 1.18, P = 1.43 × 10(-14)), FERMT2 rs7494379 (OR = 1.14, P = 3.43 × 10(-11)), and DPM2-FAM102A rs3739821 (OR = 1.15, P = 8.32 × 10(-12)). We also confirmed significant association at three previously described loci (P < 5 × 10(-8) for each sentinel SNP at PLEKHA7, COL11A1, and PCMTD1-ST18), providing new insights into the biology of PACG.
  10. Husain SF, Chiang SK, Vasu AA, Goh CP, McIntyre RS, Tang TB, et al.
    J Atten Disord, 2023 Nov;27(13):1448-1459.
    PMID: 37341192 DOI: 10.1177/10870547231180111
    OBJECTIVE: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides direct and quantitative assessment of cortical hemodynamic response. It has been used to identify neurophysiological alterations in medication-naïve adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Hence, this study aimed to distinguish both medication-naïve and medicated adults with ADHD from healthy controls (HC).

    METHOD: 75 HCs, 75 medication-naïve, and 45 medicated patients took part in this study. fNIRS signals during a verbal fluency task (VFT) were acquired using a 52-channel system and relative oxy-hemoglobin changes in the prefrontal cortex were quantified.

    RESULTS: Prefrontal cortex hemodynamic response was lower in patients than HCs (p ≤ ≤.001). Medication-naïve and medicated patients did not differ in hemodynamic response or symptom severity (p > .05). fNIRS measurements were not associated with any clinical variables (p > .05). 75.8% patients and 76% HCs were correctly classified using hemodynamic response.

    CONCLUSION: fNIRS may be a potential diagnostic tool for adult ADHD. These findings need to be replicated in larger validation studies.

  11. Kropachev II, Orlov NL, Ostroshabov AA, Nguyen TT
    Zootaxa, 2019 Aug 15;4657(1):zootaxa.4657.1.13.
    PMID: 31716807 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4657.1.13
    To date, 26 species of Theloderma have been described and all are distributed throughout Southeast Asia from Assam in northeastern India to Myanmar, Indochina, the Malay Peninsula, and the islands of the Greater Sundas: Sumatra and Borneo (Frost 2019). The tadpoles of only 12 species have been described and published: T. asperum (Boulenger); T. auratum Poyarkov, Kropachev, Gogoleva Orlov; T. bicolor (Bourret); T. corticale (Boulenger); T. gordoni Taylor; T. horridum (Boulenger); T. leave (Smith); T. moloch (Annandale); T. nebulosum Rowley, Le, Hoang, Dau Cao; T. palliatum Rowley, Le, Hoang, Dau Cao; T. stellatum Taylor; T. vietnamense Poyarkov, Orlov, Moiseeva, Pawangkhanant, Ruangsuwan, Vassilieva, Galoyan, Nguyen Gogoleva (Boulenger 1903; Annandale 1912; Wassersug et al. 1981; Inger et al. 1999; Leong Lim 2003; Inthara et al. 2005; Rowley et al. 2011; Gawor et al. 2012; Orlov et al. 2012; Poyarkov et al. 2015; Kropachev et al. 2018).
  12. Kropachev II, Vassilieva AB, Orlov NL, Rybaltovsky EM, Nguyen TT
    Zootaxa, 2021 Sep 14;5039(1):144-148.
    PMID: 34811091 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5039.1.9
    To date, 20 species of Kurixalus Ye, Fei, and Dubois have been described, and all of these species are distributed throughout South and Southeast Asia, from eastern India, throughout Myanmar and the mountainous regions of southern China, to Indochina, western and northern peninsular Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, and the Philippines (Frost 2021). Descriptions of the tadpoles of only 6 species have been published: K. berylliniris and K. wangi Wu, Huang, Tsai, Li, Jhang, Wu (Wu et al. 2016); K. eiffingeri (Boettger) (Kuramoto Wang 1987); K. idiootocus (Kuramoto Wang) (Kuramoto Wang 1987); K. cf. verrucosus (Boulenger) (Ziegler Vences 2002), and Kurixalus yangi Yu, Hui, Rao, Yang (Humtsoe et al. 2020). A description of the tadpoles of K. baliogaster (Inger, Orlov, Darevsky) is also given in the species description (Inger et al. 1999), but described larvae are assigned tentatively to this species in the published text. Additional studies on the identification of the conspecificity of the described tadpoles with K. baliogaster have not been conducted. Based on the much larger size of the tadpole body (TL up to 40.3 mm), as well as the labial tooth row formula 6(26)/5(1) given by Inger et al. (1999), we concluded that these described tadpoles cannot be larval K. baliogaster and most likely belong to some other species of rhacophorid frogs.
  13. Takeuchi H, Savitzky AH, Ding L, de Silva A, Das I, Nguyen TT, et al.
    Ecol Evol, 2018 Oct;8(20):10219-10232.
    PMID: 30397460 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4497
    A large body of evidence indicates that evolutionary innovations of novel organs have facilitated the subsequent diversification of species. Investigation of the evolutionary history of such organs should provide important clues for understanding the basis for species diversification. An Asian natricine snake, Rhabdophis tigrinus, possesses a series of unusual organs, called nuchal glands, which contain cardiotonic steroid toxins known as bufadienolides. Rhabdophis tigrinus sequesters bufadienolides from its toad prey and stores them in the nuchal glands as a defensive mechanism. Among more than 3,500 species of snakes, only 17 Asian natricine species are known to possess nuchal glands or their homologues. These 17 species belong to three nominal genera, Balanophis, Macropisthodon, and Rhabdophis. In Macropisthodon and Rhabdophis, however, species without nuchal glands also exist. To infer the evolutionary history of the nuchal glands, we investigated the molecular phylogenetic relationships among Asian natricine species with and without nuchal glands, based on variations in partial sequences of Mt-CYB, Cmos, and RAG1 (total 2,767 bp). Results show that all species with nuchal glands belong to a single clade (NGC). Therefore, we infer that the common ancestor of this clade possessed nuchal glands with no independent origins of the glands within the members. Our results also imply that some species have secondarily lost the glands. Given the estimated divergence time of related species, the ancestor of the nuchal gland clade emerged 19.18 mya. Our study shows that nuchal glands are fruitful subjects for exploring the evolution of novel organs. In addition, our analysis indicates that reevaluation of the taxonomic status of the genera Balanophis and Macropisthodon is required. We propose to assign all species belonging to the NGC to the genus Rhabdophis, pending further study.
  14. Nguyen DTC, Le HTN, Nguyen TT, Nguyen TTT, Liew RK, Bach LG, et al.
    Sci Total Environ, 2021 Nov 25;797:149195.
    PMID: 34346381 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149195
    Asteraceae presents one of the most globally prevalent, cultivated, and fundamental plant families. However, a large amount of agricultural wastes has been yearly released from Asteraceae crops, causing adverse impacts on the environment. The objective of this work is to have insights into their biomass potentials and technical possibility of conversion into biochars. Physicochemical properties are systematically articulated to orientate environmental application, soil amendment, and other utilizations. Utilizations of Asteraceae biochars in wastewater treatment can be categorized by heavy metal ions, organic dyes, antibiotics, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and explosive compounds. Some efforts were made to analyze the production cost, as well as the challenges and prospects of Asteraceae-based biochars.
  15. Pham TS, Reda A, Ngan Nguyen TT, Ng SJ, Huan VT, Viet DC, et al.
    Transfus Apher Sci, 2020 Dec;59(6):102907.
    PMID: 32883595 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102907
    We report a case of blood exchange transfusion to treat acute liver failure following hepatitis B infection at the Infectious Disease Department of Children's Hospital No.2 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. A 3.5-month old baby boy was admitted to the hospital with a presentation of progressively worsening jaundice for the past one month. The patient was diagnosed with hepatitis B infection with a positive HBV DNA quantitative assay. Plasma exchange was indicated in view of progressive liver failure and gradually increasing hepatic coma. However, it was impossible to perform plasmapheresis in this case because the patient was small (in terms of age and weight) and there was no suitable plasma exchange filter. Accordingly, the patient was treated with 3 times of blood exchange transfusion in combination with an antiviral drug, lamivudine. After each blood exchange transfusion, the biochemical values (bilirubin, liver enzymes, and coagulation profile) gradually improved and he was discharged after 1 month of treatment. Blood exchange transfusion is an effective procedure for managing acute liver failure, where plasma exchange is not possible while waiting for the recovery of liver functions or liver transplantation.
  16. Nguyen TDP, Le TVA, Show PL, Nguyen TT, Tran MH, Tran TNT, et al.
    Bioresour Technol, 2019 Jan;272:34-39.
    PMID: 30308405 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.146
    Microalgal bacterial flocs can be a promising approach for microalgae harvesting and wastewater treatment. The present study provides an insight on the bioflocs formation to enhance harvesting of Chlorella vulgaris and the removal of nutrients from seafood wastewater effluent. The results showed that the untreated seafood wastewater was the optimal culture medium for the cultivation and bioflocculation of C. vulgaris, with the flocculating activity of 92.0 ± 6.0%, total suspended solids removal of 93.0 ± 5.5%, and nutrient removal of 88.0 ± 2.2%. The bioflocs collected under this optimal condition contained dry matter of 107.2 ± 5.6 g·L-1 and chlorophyll content of 25.5 ± 0.2 mg·L-1. The results were promising when compared to those obtained from the auto-flocculation process that induced by the addition of calcium chloride and pH adjustment. Additionally, bacteria present in the wastewater aided to promote the formation of bioflocculation process.
  17. Tran AT, Nguyen HA, Vu DL, Pham MT, Tran C, Le HK, et al.
    Acta Neurol Belg, 2020 Feb;120(1):99-105.
    PMID: 31679149 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-019-01223-2
    Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has been demonstrated as an effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), thanks to large vessel occlusion (LVO), especially in case of anterior cerebral artery with many randomized clinical trials (RCTs) every year. On the other hand, there is a limited number of basilar artery occlusion (BAO)-related studies which have been conducted. The fact prompts our range of case studies, which furnish BAO understanding with our experience, results and some prognosis factors of MT. This retrospective and single-center study was conducted on 22 patients who were diagnosed with BAO and underwent the treatment of MT from October 2012 to January 2018. Clinical feature such as radiological imaging, procedure complications, and intracranial hemorrhage were all documented and evaluated. All the studies' results based on performance using modified Rankin scale score (mRS) and mortality at 90 days. The results from these BAO patients study indicated that the posterior circulation Acute Stroke Prognosis Early CT Score (pcASPECTS) recorded before the intervention was 7.7 ± 1.6, while the admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 17.5 ± 5.4. 15/22 cases achieved successful recanalization (TICI, Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction scale, of 2b-3), accounting for 68.2%. The results highlighted 50% of the favorable outcome (mRS 0-2) occupying 11 out of 22 patients in total and the overall mortality was 36.4%. The intracranial hemorrhagic complication was detected in three cases (13.6%). Placing in juxtaposition the poor-outcome group and the favorable-outcome group, we could witness statistically significant difference (P 
  18. Tran TPN, Nguyen TT, Tran GB
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2023 Sep;34(3):237-257.
    PMID: 37860100 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.13
    Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) is a well-known oleaginous plant used as food source and traditional medicine by indigenous people for a long time. This study was conducted to evaluate anti-arthritis effect of ethanol extract of Sacha inchi leaves and provide scientific evidence to develop the new anti-arthritis remedy from Sacha inchi. Rheumatoid arthritis model was established by injection of complete Freund's adjuvant into right hind footpads of mice and three doses of ethanol extract of Sacha inchi leaves (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight) were used for treatment. The severity of arthritis was evaluated by measuring the ankle diameter and arthritic score, hematological and biochemical parameters (erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and rheumatoid factor). The pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, INF-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10) and the histology change of joint were also examined. All three doses of extracts significantly alleviated ankle diameter and arthritic score. Furthermore, the extracts could ameliorate the alternation of inflammatory cytokines as well histological features of CFA-induced mice. The efficacy of extract dose of 300 mg/kg body weight is comparable with reference drug (Mobic, 0.2 mg/kg body weight). This study indicates Sacha inchi leaf extract as the promising remedy for treatment of arthritis.
  19. Nguyen TT, Ma HT, Avti P, Bashir MJK, Ng CA, Wong LY, et al.
    J Anal Methods Chem, 2019;2019:6210240.
    PMID: 31275692 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6210240
    In this work, SiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by the sol-gel method after sodium silicate was extracted from rice husk ash (RHA) under various experimental conditions such as types of acids, NaOH concentration, dissolved time, and temperature and used for removal of Fe2+ ions from aqueous solutions. The extracted SiO2 was morphologically and chemically characterized and showed a surface area of 78 m2/g and uniform pores of 2.71 nm, offering high adsorption capacity for Fe2+ ions. The influence of pH, contact time, and amount of adsorbent was studied in order to establish the best conditions for the Fe2+ adsorption and removal. Furthermore, the adsorption data were fitted with an exponential shape curve for all the three variable parameters that affect the adsorption process. The best results were obtained for pH 5, 20 min contact time, and 0.5 g adsorbent dose. The loading adsorption capacity was 9 mg of Fe2+ ions/g SiO2 in the concentration range 0.1-1.0 mgL-1. In addition, the synthesized SiO2 with the size of around 50 nm can be used for specific heavy metal removal and drug delivery, after modification of the SiO2 surface with various functional groups.
  20. Nguyen HN, Nguyen TY, Tran KV, Tran TT, Nguyen TT, Phan VD, et al.
    Materials (Basel), 2019 Feb 16;12(4).
    PMID: 30781542 DOI: 10.3390/ma12040598
    Triple-layered composite plates are created by joining three composite layers using shear connectors. These layers, which are assumed to be always in contact and able to move relatively to each other during deformation, could be the same or different in geometric dimensions and material. They are applied in various engineering fields such as ship-building, aircraft wing manufacturing, etc. However, there are only a few publications regarding the calculation of this kind of plate. This paper proposes novel equations, which utilize Mindlin's theory and finite element modelling to simulate the forced vibration of triple-layered composite plates with layers connected by shear connectors subjected to a moving load. Moreover, a Matlab computation program is introduced to verify the reliability of the proposed equations, as well as the influence of some parameters, such as boundary conditions, the rigidity of the shear connector, thickness-to-length ratio, and the moving load velocity on the dynamic response of the composite plate.
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