MyMedR

[Description of Onchocerca dewittei n. sp. (Filarioidea), parasite of Sus scrofa, in Malaysia (author's transl)]

Bain O, Ramachandran CP, Petter F, Mak JW

Ann Parasitol Hum Comp, 1977 7 1;52(4):471-9.

Onchocerca dewittei n. sp. was collected from a wild Boar at the metatarse level (tendons and subcutaneous connective tissue); it can be differentiated from other species by the female cuticle showing straight ridges which overlap in the lateral fields, and by its relatively thick microfilaria (length 228-247 mu and width 6-7 mu). This suidean Onchocerca displays some primitive characters such as straight ridges and persistency of ten pairs of caudal papillae in the male; but as a whole this species is undoubtedly more highly evolved than O. raillieti Bain, Müller and coll., 1976, a parasite of Equidae.

Studies on the transmission of sub-periodic Brugia malayi by Aedes (Finlaya) togoi in the laboratory. II. The development of the parasite to the infective form; the relationship between concentration of microfilariae in the vertebrate host and infection in the mosquitoes

Ramachandran CP, Zaini MA

Med J Malaya, 1968 Mar;22(3):198-203.

PMID: 4234356

Studies on the transmission of sub-periodic Brugia malayi by Aedes (Finlaya) togoi in the laboratory. I. The intake and migration of microfilariae

Ramachandran CP, Zaini MA

Med J Malaya, 1967 Dec;22(2):136-44.

PMID: 4231979

Studies on the transmission of sub-periodic Brugia malayi by Aedes (Finlaya) togoi in the laboratory. 3. The survival of infected mosquitoes under laboratory conditions

Ramachandran CP, Zaini MA

Med J Malaya, 1968 Jun;23(4):323-9 concl.

PMID: 4235597

Studies on Stephanofilaria kaeli in cattle

Ramachandran CP, Loke YW, Hagendrom C

Med J Malaya, 1966 Jun;20(4):344-7.

PMID: 4224357

Specificity and sensitivity of a rapid dipstick test (Brugia Rapid) in the detection of Brugia malayi infection

Rahmah N, Taniawati S, Shenoy RK, Lim BH, Kumaraswami V, Anuar AK, et al.

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2002 1 31;95(6):601-4.

PMID: 11816429

A total of 753 serum samples from 6 institutions in 3 countries (Malaysia, Indonesia and India) were used to evaluate an immunochromatographic rapid dipstick test, Brugia Rapid, for diagnosis of Brugia malayi infection. The samples comprised sera from 207 microfilaria-positive individuals and 546 individuals from filaria non-endemic areas. The latter consisted of 70 individuals with soil-transmitted helminth infections, 68 with other helminth infections, 238 with protozoan infections, 12 with bacterial and viral infections and 158 healthy individuals. The dipstick is prepared with a goat anti-mouse antibody control line and a B. malayi recombinant-antigen test line. First, the dipstick is dipped into a well containing diluted patient serum, thus allowing specific anti-filarial antibody in the serum to react with the recombinant antigen. Then the dipstick is placed into an adjacent well containing reconstituted anti-human IgG4-gold. After 10 min, development of 2 red-purplish lines denotes a positive result and one line indicates a negative reaction. The overall results of the evaluation showed 97% sensitivity, 99% specificity, 97% positive predictive value and 99% negative predictive value. Brugia Rapid is thus a promising diagnostic tool for detection of B. malayi infection, and would be especially useful for the brugian filariasis elimination programme.

Selection of Culex pipiens fatigans for vector ability to the rural strain of Wuchereria bancrofti--a preliminary report

Thomas V, Ramachandran CP

Med J Malaya, 1970 Mar;24(3):196-9.

PMID: 4246801

Parasitic disease among fishermen living on Penang Island. I. Helminthiases

Anuar K, Ramachandran CP, Paran TP

Med J Malaysia, 1978 Jun;32(4):321-7.

PMID: 732632

Fulltext Needs of exploring the burden of recent onset seizures due to neurocysticercosis and challenges in southeast Asia focusing on scenario in Malaysia

Sahu PS, Lim YAL, Mahmud R, Somanath SD, Tan CT, Ramachandran CP

Asian Pac J Trop Med, 2017 Apr;10(4):332-340.

PMID: 28552103 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.03.024

Seizures due to neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a neglected human-to-human transmitted disorder and an emerging problem worldwide. A substantial portion of recent onset seizures is known to be attributed to NCC in Taenia solium (T. solium) endemic areas where populations which neither raise pigs nor eat pig meat are also at risk. High prevalence of NCC causing epilepsy has been reported in the underdeveloped areas of Southeast Asia (SEA) however, only fragmentary information on its incidence is available in countries like Malaysia. In Malaysia T. solium infection was previously thought to be infrequent due to Muslim population majority and the religious prohibition of consuming pork, but it is not totally absent. There is an evident lack of knowledge and awareness of the actual burden, routes of transmission, and the impact of NCC in this region. The problem is assumed to be more prevalent particularly in cities because of the frequent inflow of possibly T. solium infected individuals or carriers among those who migrate from neighboring endemic countries to Malaysia. The issue of imported cases that are likely to be emerging in Malaysia is highlighted here. An accurate quantification of regional burdens of epilepsy due to NCC in Malaysia is warranted considering the disease emergence in its neighboring countries. It is suggested that the importance of NCC be recognized through quantification of its burden, and also to collect epidemiological data for its subsequent elimination in line of World Health Organization's mission for control of cysticercosis as a neglected tropical disease. In this review the need as well as a strategy for neuro-care center screening of epilepsy cases, and various issues with possible explanations are discussed. It is also proposed that NCC be declared as a reportable disease which is one of the eradicable public health problems in SEA.

Fulltext Lymphatic pathology in asymptomatic and symptomatic children with Wuchereria bancrofti infection in children from Odisha, India and its reversal with DEC and albendazole treatment

Kar SK, Dwibedi B, Das BK, Agrawala BK, Ramachandran CP, Horton J

PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2017 Oct;11(10):e0005631.

PMID: 29059186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005631

BACKGROUND: Once interruption of transmission of lymphatic filariasis is achieved, morbidity prevention and management becomes more important. A study in Brugia malayi filariasis from India has shown sub-clinical lymphatic pathology with potential reversibility. We studied a Wuchereria bancrofti infected population, the major contributor to LF globally.

METHODS: Children aged 5-18 years from Odisha, India were screened for W. bancrofti infection and disease. 102 infected children, 50 with filarial disease and 52 without symptoms were investigated by lymphoscintigraphy and then randomized to receive a supervised single oral dose of DEC and albendazole which was repeated either annually or semi-annually. The lymphatic pathology was evaluated six monthly for two years.

FINDINGS: Baseline lymphoscintigraphy showed abnormality in lower limb lymphatics in 80% of symptomatic (40/50) and 63·5% (33/52) of asymptomatic children. Progressive improvement in baseline pathology was seen in 70·8, 87·3, 98·6, and 98·6% of cases at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months follow up, while in 4·2, 22·5, 47·9 and 64·8%, pathology reverted to normal. This was independent of age (p = 0·27), symptomatic status (p = 0·57) and semi-annual/bi-annual dosing (p = 0·46). Six of eleven cases showed clinical reduction in lymphedema of legs.

INTERPRETATION: A significant proportion of a young W. bancrofti infected population exhibited lymphatic pathology which was reversible with annual dosage of DEC and albendazole. This provides evidence for morbidity prevention & treatment of early lymphedema. It can also be used as a tool to improve community compliance during mass drug administration.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov No CTRI/2013/10/004121.

Fulltext Identification of Anopheles balabacensis introlatus as a vector of monkey malaria in Malaya

Eyles DE, Warren M, Guinn E, Wharton RH, Ramachandran CP

Bull World Health Organ, 1963;28(1):134-5.

PMID: 14166986

Hepatic and pulmonary porocephaliasis in a Malaysian Orang Asli (aborigine)

Prathap K, Ramachandran CP, Haug N

Med J Malaya, 1968 Dec;23(2):92-5.

PMID: 4240827

Helminthic infections among domestic dogs in and around Kuala Lumpur--a preliminary report

Ramachandran CP, Balasingam E, Lim BL

Med J Malaya, 1968 Mar;22(3):241.

PMID: 4234375

Filariasis in a rubber plantation in Negeri Sembilan, West Malaysia

Ramachandran CP, Dondero TJ, Mullin SW, Sivanandam S, Stevens S

Med J Malaya, 1971 Jun;25(4):273-7.

PMID: 4261299

Filariasis due to Brugia malayi in west Malayasia. I. Clinical, laboratory, and parasitological aspects

Dondero TJ, Ramachandran CP, Bin Yusoff O

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1971 Dec;2(4):503-15.

PMID: 5144151

Filariasis due to Brugia malayi in West Malaysia. II. Skin test aspects

Dondero TJ, Ramachandran CP

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1972 Mar;3(1):25-30.

PMID: 5028861

FILARIASIS AMONG ABORIGINES AND MALAYS LIVING CLOSE TO KUALA LUMPUR

RAMACHANDRAN CP, HOO CC, BIN OMARAH

Med J Malaysia, 1964 Mar;18:193-200.

PMID: 14157185

Experimental chemotherapy of lymphatic filariasis. A review

Mak JW, Navaratnam V, Ramachandran CP

Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1991 Feb;85(1):131-7.

PMID: 1888210

An intense global collaborative effort under the leadership of the Steering Committee of the Filariasis Scientific Working Group of the Tropical Diseases Research Programme, World Health Organization, has brought together researchers, pharmaceutical chemists and clinicians in the development and search for antifilarial compounds which are more effective and more convenient to administer than diethylcarbamazine citrate, the current drug of choice for lymphatic filariasis. The Brugia spp.-rodent model has been used extensively for the primary screening and B. pahangi infections in the dog or cat for the secondary screening, of potential filaricides. Recently, the leaf-monkey (Presbytis spp.) infected with subperiodic B. malayi or Wuchereria kalimantani has been used for the tertiary evaluation and pharmacokinetic studies of compounds which have shown effectiveness in the primary and secondary screens. Both P. cristata and P. melalophos are extremely susceptible to subperiodic B. malayi infection, but the former is a better host as a higher peak microfilaremia and adult worm recovery rate were obtained. Although more than 30 potential filaricides have been evaluated in the tertiary screen, only a few compounds have shown some promise against lymphatic filariasis. CGP 20376, a 5-methoxyl-6-dithiocarbamic-S-(2-carboxy-ethyl) ester derivative of benzothiazole, had complete adulticidal and microfilaricidal activities against the parasite at a single oral dose of 20 mg kg-1. However, as the compound or its metabolites caused hepatotoxicity, its clinical use in the present formulation is not recommended.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Development of Wuchereria bancrofti in the domestic cat

Ramachandran CP, Sandosham AA, Sivanandam S

Med J Malaya, 1966 Jun;20(4):333.

PMID: 4224348

Brugia infections in man and animals: long-term observations on microfilaraemia and estimates of the efficiency of transmission from mosquito vector to definitive host

Wilson T, Ramachandran CP

Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1971 Dec;65(4):525-46.

PMID: 4401424

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 27 in total