Displaying all 12 publications

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  1. Cheung CM, Li X, Cheng CY, Zheng Y, Mitchell P, Wang JJ, et al.
    Ophthalmology, 2014 Aug;121(8):1598-603.
    PMID: 24661862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.02.004
    To describe the prevalence and risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a multiethnic Asian cohort of Chinese, Malay, and Indian persons.
  2. Che Azemin MZ, Ab Hamid F, Aminuddin A, Wang JJ, Kawasaki R, Kumar DK
    Exp Eye Res, 2013 Nov;116:355-358.
    PMID: 24512773 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.10.010
    The fractal dimension is a global measure of complexity and is useful for quantifying anatomical structures, including the retinal vascular network. A previous study found a linear declining trend with aging on the retinal vascular fractal dimension (DF); however, it was limited to the older population (49 years and older). This study aimed to investigate the possible models of the fractal dimension changes from young to old subjects (10-73 years). A total of 215 right-eye retinal samples, including those of 119 (55%) women and 96 (45%) men, were selected. The retinal vessels were segmented using computer-assisted software, and non-vessel fragments were deleted. The fractal dimension was measured based on the log-log plot of the number of grids versus the size. The retinal vascular DF was analyzed to determine changes with increasing age. Finally, the data were fitted to three polynomial models. All three models are statistically significant (Linear: R2 = 0.1270, 213 d.f., p 
  3. Sun C, Liew G, Wang JJ, Mitchell P, Saw SM, Aung T, et al.
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2008 May;49(5):1784-90.
    PMID: 18436813 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.07-1450
    To describe the relationship of retinal vascular caliber with cardiovascular risk factors in an Asian population.
  4. Loon SC, Tay WT, Saw SM, Wang JJ, Wong TY
    Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2009 May;37(4):362-7.
    PMID: 19594562 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2009.02035.x
    To describe the prevalence and risk factors of ocular trauma in an urban Asian population.
  5. Koh V, Cheung CY, Wong WL, Cheung CM, Wang JJ, Mitchell P, et al.
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2012 Feb;53(2):1018-22.
    PMID: 22247478 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-8557
    To describe the prevalence of epiretinal membrane (ERM) and its risk factors in an Indian population and compare the findings with other populations.
  6. Cheung N, Lim L, Wang JJ, Islam FM, Mitchell P, Saw SM, et al.
    Am J Ophthalmol, 2008 Oct;146(4):620-4.
    PMID: 18639861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2008.05.033
    To examine the prevalence and risk factors of retinal arteriolar emboli, a risk predictor of stroke, in an Asian population.
  7. Tan AG, Tham YC, Chee ML, Mitchell P, Cumming RG, Sabanayagam C, et al.
    Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2020 07;48(5):580-592.
    PMID: 32255547 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13757
    IMPORTANCE: Long-term data on age-related cataract, a leading cause of blindness and visual impairment, is scarce in Asian populations.

    BACKGROUND: We report the 6-year incidence and progression of age-related cataract and associated risk factors in Malay adults living in Singapore.

    DESIGN: Population-based cohort study.

    PARTICIPANTS: A total of 3280 Malays aged 40+ years participated in baseline examinations of the Singapore Malay Eye Study (2004-2006). Six years later, 1901 (72.1% of eligible) baseline participants were re-examined.

    METHODS: Cataract was assessed using lens photos, taken during eye examinations, following the Wisconsin Cataract Grading System.

    MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Incidence and progression of cortical, nuclear and posterior subcapsular (PSC) cataract. Poisson regression models and generalized estimating equations models (with Poisson link) were used to assess factors associated with cataract incidence and progression, respectively, adjusting for age, sex and other risk factors.

    RESULTS: Age-adjusted 6-year incidence of cortical, nuclear and PSC cataract was 14.1%, 13.6% and 8.7%, respectively, and was strongly age-related (P for trend

  8. Cheung CY, Lamoureux E, Ikram MK, Sasongko MB, Ding J, Zheng Y, et al.
    J Diabetes Sci Technol, 2012 May 01;6(3):595-605.
    PMID: 22768891 DOI: 10.1177/193229681200600315
    Purpose: Our purpose was to examine the relationship of retinal vascular parameters with diabetes and retinopathy in an older Asian population.

    Methods: Retinal photographs from participants of a population-based survey of Asian Malay persons aged 40-80 years were analyzed. Specific retinal vascular parameters (tortuosity, branching angle, fractal dimension, and caliber) were measured using a semiautomated computer-based program. Diabetes was defined as random plasma glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/liter, the use of diabetes medication, or physician-diagnosed diabetes. Retinopathy signs were graded from photographs using the modified Airlie House classification system.

    Results: A total of 2735 persons were included in the study. Persons with diabetes (n = 594) were more likely to have straighter (less tortuous) arterioles and wider arteriolar and venular caliber than those without diabetes (n = 2141). Among subjects with diabetes, those with retinopathy had wider venular caliber than those without retinopathy (211.3 versus 204.9 mm, p = .001). Among nondiabetic subjects, however, those with retinopathy had more tortuous venules than those without retinopathy [5.19(×10(4)) versus 4.27(×10(4)), p < .001].

    Conclusions: Retinal vascular parameters varied by diabetes and retinopathy status in this older Asian cohort. Our findings suggest that subtle alterations in retinal vascular architecture are influenced by diabetes.
  9. Cheung CY, Tay WT, Mitchell P, Wang JJ, Hsu W, Lee ML, et al.
    J Hypertens, 2011 Jul;29(7):1380-91.
    PMID: 21558958 DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e328347266c
    The present study examined the effects of blood pressure on a spectrum of quantitative and qualitative retinal microvascular signs.
  10. Cheung CMG, Ong PG, Neelam K, Tan PC, Shi Y, Mitchell P, et al.
    Ophthalmology, 2017 09;124(9):1305-1313.
    PMID: 28501376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.03.056
    PURPOSE: To determine the 6-year incidence of early and late age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a Singaporean Malay population and to validate the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) simplified severity scale in Asians.

    DESIGN: Prospective, population cohort study.

    PARTICIPANTS: The Singapore Malay Eye Study baseline participants (age, ≥40 years; 2006-2008) were followed up in 2011 through 2013, and 1901 of 3280 of eligible participants (72.1%) took part.

    METHODS: Fundus photographs were graded using the Wisconsin AMD grading system.

    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of early and late AMD.

    RESULTS: Gradable fundus photographs were available for 1809 participants who attended both baseline and 6-year follow-up examinations. The age-standardized incidences of early and late AMD were 5.89% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.81-7.16) and 0.76% (95% CI, 0.42-1.29), respectively. The 5-year age-standardized incidence of early AMD (calculated based on the 6-year incidence) was lower in our population (5.58%; 95% CI, 4.43-7.01) compared with the Beaver Dam Eye Study population (8.19%). The incidence of late AMD in our population was similar to that of the Beaver Dam Eye Study population (0.98% [95% CI, 0.49-1.86] vs. 0.91%), the Blue Mountains Eye Study population (1.10% [95% CI, 0.52-9.56] vs. 1.10%), and the Hisayama Study population (1.09% [95% CI, 0.54-4.25] vs. 0.84%). The incidence of late AMD increased markedly with increasing baseline AREDS score (step 0, 0.23%; step 4, 9.09%).

    CONCLUSIONS: This study documented the incidence of early and late AMD in a Malay population. The AREDS simplified severity scale is useful in predicting the risk of late AMD development in Asians.

  11. Su Q, Wang JJ, Ren JY, Wu Q, Chen K, Tu KH, et al.
    Acta Pharmacol Sin, 2024 Mar 22.
    PMID: 38519646 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01254-3
    Parkin (PARK2) deficiency is frequently observed in various cancers and potentially promotes tumor progression. Here, we showed that Parkin expression is downregulated in liver cancer tissues, which correlates with poor patient survival. Parkin deficiency in liver cancer cells promotes migration and metastasis as well as changes in EMT and metastasis markers. A negative correlation exists between TMEFF1 and Parkin expression in liver cancer cells and tumor tissues. Parkin deficiency leads to upregulation of TMEFF1 which promotes migration and metastasis. TMEFF1 transcription is activated by Parkin-induced endogenous TGF-β production and subsequent phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and its binding to TMEFF1 promotor. TGF-β inhibitor and TMEFF1 knockdown can reverse shParkin-induced cell migration and changes of EMT markers. Parkin interacts with and promotes the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of HIF-1α/HIF-1β and p53, which accounts for the suppression of TGF-β production. Our data have revealed that Parkin deficiency in cancer leads to the activation of the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway, resulting in the expression of TMEFF1 which promotes cell migration, EMT, and metastasis in liver cancer cells.
  12. Khor CC, Do T, Jia H, Nakano M, George R, Abu-Amero K, et al.
    Nat Genet, 2016 May;48(5):556-62.
    PMID: 27064256 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3540
    Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a major cause of blindness worldwide. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) followed by replication in a combined total of 10,503 PACG cases and 29,567 controls drawn from 24 countries across Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. We observed significant evidence of disease association at five new genetic loci upon meta-analysis of all patient collections. These loci are at EPDR1 rs3816415 (odds ratio (OR) = 1.24, P = 5.94 × 10(-15)), CHAT rs1258267 (OR = 1.22, P = 2.85 × 10(-16)), GLIS3 rs736893 (OR = 1.18, P = 1.43 × 10(-14)), FERMT2 rs7494379 (OR = 1.14, P = 3.43 × 10(-11)), and DPM2-FAM102A rs3739821 (OR = 1.15, P = 8.32 × 10(-12)). We also confirmed significant association at three previously described loci (P < 5 × 10(-8) for each sentinel SNP at PLEKHA7, COL11A1, and PCMTD1-ST18), providing new insights into the biology of PACG.
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