Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 478 in total

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  1. Ebrahimkhani S, Jaward MH, Cicuttini FM, Dharmaratne A, Wang Y, de Herrera AGS
    Artif Intell Med, 2020 06;106:101851.
    PMID: 32593389 DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2020.101851
    In this paper, we review the state-of-the-art approaches for knee articular cartilage segmentation from conventional techniques to deep learning (DL) based techniques. Knee articular cartilage segmentation on magnetic resonance (MR) images is of great importance in early diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA). Besides, segmentation allows estimating the articular cartilage loss rate which is utilised in clinical practice for assessing the disease progression and morphological changes. It has been traditionally applied in quantifying longitudinal knee OA progression pattern to detect and assess the articular cartilage thickness and volume. Topics covered include various image processing algorithms and major features of different segmentation techniques, feature computations and the performance evaluation metrics. This paper is intended to provide researchers with a broad overview of the currently existing methods in the field, as well as to highlight the shortcomings and potential considerations in the application at clinical practice. The survey showed that state-of-the-art techniques based on DL outperform the other segmentation methods. The analysis of the existing methods reveals that integration of DL-based algorithms with other traditional model-based approaches has achieved the best results (mean Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) between 85.8% and 90%).
  2. Klionsky DJ, Abdelmohsen K, Abe A, Abedin MJ, Abeliovich H, Acevedo Arozena A, et al.
    Autophagy, 2016;12(1):1-222.
    PMID: 26799652 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356
  3. Wills C, Wang B, Fang S, Wang Y, Jin Y, Lutz J, et al.
    PLoS Comput Biol, 2021 Apr;17(4):e1008853.
    PMID: 33914731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008853
    When Darwin visited the Galapagos archipelago, he observed that, in spite of the islands' physical similarity, members of species that had dispersed to them recently were beginning to diverge from each other. He postulated that these divergences must have resulted primarily from interactions with sets of other species that had also diverged across these otherwise similar islands. By extrapolation, if Darwin is correct, such complex interactions must be driving species divergences across all ecosystems. However, many current general ecological theories that predict observed distributions of species in ecosystems do not take the details of between-species interactions into account. Here we quantify, in sixteen forest diversity plots (FDPs) worldwide, highly significant negative density-dependent (NDD) components of both conspecific and heterospecific between-tree interactions that affect the trees' distributions, growth, recruitment, and mortality. These interactions decline smoothly in significance with increasing physical distance between trees. They also tend to decline in significance with increasing phylogenetic distance between the trees, but each FDP exhibits its own unique pattern of exceptions to this overall decline. Unique patterns of between-species interactions in ecosystems, of the general type that Darwin postulated, are likely to have contributed to the exceptions. We test the power of our null-model method by using a deliberately modified data set, and show that the method easily identifies the modifications. We examine how some of the exceptions, at the Wind River (USA) FDP, reveal new details of a known allelopathic effect of one of the Wind River gymnosperm species. Finally, we explore how similar analyses can be used to investigate details of many types of interactions in these complex ecosystems, and can provide clues to the evolution of these interactions.
  4. Zhong Y, Chu C, Myers JA, Gilbert GS, Lutz JA, Stillhard J, et al.
    Nat Commun, 2021 May 25;12(1):3137.
    PMID: 34035260 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23236-3
    Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) associations are critical for host-tree performance. However, how mycorrhizal associations correlate with the latitudinal tree beta-diversity remains untested. Using a global dataset of 45 forest plots representing 2,804,270 trees across 3840 species, we test how AM and EcM trees contribute to total beta-diversity and its components (turnover and nestedness) of all trees. We find AM rather than EcM trees predominantly contribute to decreasing total beta-diversity and turnover and increasing nestedness with increasing latitude, probably because wide distributions of EcM trees do not generate strong compositional differences among localities. Environmental variables, especially temperature and precipitation, are strongly correlated with beta-diversity patterns for both AM trees and all trees rather than EcM trees. Results support our hypotheses that latitudinal beta-diversity patterns and environmental effects on these patterns are highly dependent on mycorrhizal types. Our findings highlight the importance of AM-dominated forests for conserving global forest biodiversity.
  5. Fung T, Chisholm RA, Anderson-Teixeira K, Bourg N, Brockelman WY, Bunyavejchewin S, et al.
    Ecol Lett, 2020 Jan;23(1):160-171.
    PMID: 31698546 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13412
    Among the local processes that determine species diversity in ecological communities, fluctuation-dependent mechanisms that are mediated by temporal variability in the abundances of species populations have received significant attention. Higher temporal variability in the abundances of species populations can increase the strength of temporal niche partitioning but can also increase the risk of species extinctions, such that the net effect on species coexistence is not clear. We quantified this temporal population variability for tree species in 21 large forest plots and found much greater variability for higher latitude plots with fewer tree species. A fitted mechanistic model showed that among the forest plots, the net effect of temporal population variability on tree species coexistence was usually negative, but sometimes positive or negligible. Therefore, our results suggest that temporal variability in the abundances of species populations has no clear negative or positive contribution to the latitudinal gradient in tree species richness.
  6. Wang Y, Cao M, Hu T, Zhou X
    Plant Dis, 2024 Feb 06.
    PMID: 38319620 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-12-23-2674-PDN
    Hibiscus latent Singapore virus (HLSV) and Hibiscus latent Fort Pierce virus (HLFPV) both belong to the genus Tobamovirus in the family Virgaviridae. The genomes of both HLSV and HLFPV consist of a linear positive sense single-stranded RNA of about 6.3 kb. HLSV is the causal agent of hibiscus leaf crinkle disease. Infections of HLSV in hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) have so far only been reported in Singapore, Japan and Malaysia (Srinivasan et al., 2002; Yoshida et al., 2018; Yusop et al., 2021). In 2017, leaf curling and chlorosis symptoms of lantana (Lantana camara) plants were found in Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China. To detect potential virus(es) in these lantana samples, leaves from one lantana plant were collected and total RNA was extracted with RNAiso Plus (TaKaRa). A cDNA library was prepared by TruSeq RNA Sample Prep Kit (Illumina) after removing ribosomal RNA by Ribo-ZeroTM rRNA Removal Kit (Epicentre). The paired-end sequencing was then performed on an Illumina NovaSeq 6000. A total of 61,085,018 high quality reads were obtained and de novo assembly by StringTie revealed 124,516 contigs (greater than 50 bp, N50=719 bp) with an average length of 537 bp. BLASTx analyses in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database showed that 1 long contig of 6,305 bp, assembled of 1794 clean reads, shared significant nucleotide similarities with the genomic sequence of HLSV, and 1 contig of 6,271 bp, assembled of 3174 clean reads, shared significant similarities with the genomic sequence of HLFPV, yielding an average coverage of the whole genome at 42.65 and 75.83 per million reads, respectively. To obtain the complete genome of the viral RNA in this lantana sample, eleven overlapping regions covering the entire HLSV viral genome, and nine overlapping regions covering the entire HLFPV viral genome were amplified by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and sequenced. In addition, the exact 5' and 3' ends of the genomic RNA of each virus were determined by rapid amplification of the cDNA ends (RACE) (Wang et al. 2020). The complete genome of the identified HLSV, deposited in GenBank: MZ020960, is 6,486 nt in length and shows 98.4% nucleotide sequence identity with HLSV Singapore isolate (GenBank: AF395898). Similar to other HLSV isolates, this virus isolate possesses an internal poly(A) tract of 87 nucleotides, which is crucial to virus replication (Niu et al., 2015). The complete genome of the Lantana HLFPV isolate is 6,463 nt (GenBank MZ020961) including a 73 nt internal poly(A) tract, and has 98.4% nt identity to HLFPV-Japan (AB917427). In two other lantana plants from the same site, the presence of HLSV and HLFPV was confirmed by RT-PCR using the primer pairs (5'-GCATCTGCATAACACGGTTG-3'/5'-ACGTTGTAGTAGACGTTGTTGTAG-3' and 5'-GGACCTTGCTAATCCGCTAAAGTTG-3'/5'-GGTCCATGTCCATCCAGATGCAATC-3'). In addition to the HLSV and HLFPV genomes, BLASTx analysis of three contigs of 3,006 bp, 2,845 bp and 2,200 bp, assembled of 1328, 352 and 2280 clean reads respectively, showed high identity to RNAs 1 (MG182148), 2 (DQ412731) and 3 (KY794710) of cucumber mosaic virus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of L. camara as a new natural host of HLSV and HLFPV, and first identification of a mixed infection of HLSV and HLFPV.
  7. Wu R, Zou P, Tan G, Hu Z, Wang Y, Ning Z, et al.
    Ecol Evol, 2019 May;9(10):5766-5776.
    PMID: 31160997 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5160
    Hybridization is very common in flowering plants and it plays a significant role in plant evolution and adaptation. Melastoma L. (Melastomataceae) comprises about 80-90 species in tropical Asia and Oceania, among which 41 species occur in Borneo. Natural hybridization is frequently reported in Melastoma in China, but so far there have been no confirmed cases of hybridization in Southeast Asia (including Borneo), where most species occur. Here, we identified a case of natural hybridization between Melastoma malabathricum L. and Melastoma beccarianum Cogn. in Sarawak, Malaysia, by using sequence data of three nuclear genes and one chloroplast intergenic spacer. Melastoma malabathricum is the most widespread species of this genus, occurring in almost the whole range of this genus, while M. beccarianum is a local species endemic to northern Borneo. Our results showed that natural hybridization and introgression occur between M. malabathricum and M. beccarianum, and the introgression was asymmetrical, mainly from M. malabathricum to M. beccarianum. As adaptive traits can be transferred by introgression, our study suggests that natural hybridization should be a significant mechanism for the evolution and adaptation of Melastoma in Southeast Asia. However, introgression from the common species M. malabathricum to the relatively rare species M. beccarianum may cause the decline of M. beccarianum, incurring conservation concern. With a large number of species of Melastoma and almost year-around flowering in Southeast Asia, more cases of natural hybridization are expected to be found and identified in near future.
  8. Bai XY, Liu P, Chai YW, Wang Y, Ren SH, Li YY, et al.
    Eur J Pharmacol, 2020 May 05;874:173020.
    PMID: 32087254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173020
    Steroidal agent is a standard clinical treatment of atopic dermatitis; however, have serious side effects. Artesunate is reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties although its effect on atopic eczema remains unknown. We investigated the therapeutic effects and possible mechanism of systemic artesunate on DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis in a BALB/c mouse model. To ascertain artesunate (5 and 10 mg/kg) efficacy, skin dermatitis severity and ear, spleen, and lymph node weight were evaluated. Skin tissue mRNA and protein expression and serum cytokine levels were examined. Artesunate significantly improved atopic dermatitis symptoms, decreasing the dermatitis score, ear weight difference, spleen weight, and lymph node weight compared with those following DNCB treatment. Artesunate reduced ear and skin epidermal thickness and mast cell infiltration, as determined using hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue staining, respectively. The basal level of IgE (287.67 ± 70.41 ng/ml) and TNF-α (19.94 ± 3.98 pg/ml) were Significantly elevated by DNCB (IgE: 1273.23 ± 176.53 ng/ml; TNF-α: 57.53 ± 3.87 pg/ml), while markedly been suppressed in the treatment group (AS-L: IgE: 1100.25 ± 135.32 ng/ml; TNF-α: 38.47 ± 3.26 pg/ml; AS-H: IgE: 459.46 ± 74.75 ng/ml; TNF-α: 24.38 ± 3.85 pg/ml). Among Th17 cell-related factors, DNCB treatment increased mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, STAT3, and ROR-γt, but reduced TGF-β and SOCS 3; While artesunate reverse these changes. Compared with the model group, artesunate promoted SOCS3 protein and significantly inhibited ROR-γt protein and STAT3 phosphorylation. Thus, artesunate attenuates DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis by inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines and downregulating Th17 cell responses in atopic dermatitis mice.
  9. Zhang L, Cenci A, Rouard M, Zhang D, Wang Y, Tang W, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2019 06 03;9(1):8199.
    PMID: 31160634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44637-x
    Fusarium wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, especially by tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), is threatening the global banana industry. Musa acuminata Pahang, a wild diploid banana that displays strong resistance to Foc TR4, holds great potential to understand the underlying resistance mechanisms. Microscopic examination reports that, in a wounding inoculation system, the Foc TR4 infection processes in roots of Pahang (resistant) and a triploid cultivar Brazilian (susceptible) were similar by 7 days post inoculation (dpi), but significant differences were observed in corms of both genotypes at 14 dpi. We compare transcriptomic responses in the corms of Pahang and Brazilian, and show that Pahang exhibited constitutive defense responses before Foc TR4 infection and inducible defense responses prior to Brazilian at the initial Foc TR4 infection stage. Most key enzymatic genes in the phenylalanine metabolism pathway were up-regulated in Brazilian, suggesting that lignin and phytotoxin may be triggered during later stages of Foc TR4 infection. This study unravels a few potential resistance candidate genes whose expression patterns were assessed by RT-qPCR assay and improves our understanding the defense mechanisms of Pahang response to Foc TR4.
  10. Tan M, Aghaei F, Wang Y, Zheng B
    Phys Med Biol, 2017 01 21;62(2):358-376.
    PMID: 27997380 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa5081
    The purpose of this study is to evaluate a new method to improve performance of computer-aided detection (CAD) schemes of screening mammograms with two approaches. In the first approach, we developed a new case based CAD scheme using a set of optimally selected global mammographic density, texture, spiculation, and structural similarity features computed from all four full-field digital mammography images of the craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) views by using a modified fast and accurate sequential floating forward selection feature selection algorithm. Selected features were then applied to a 'scoring fusion' artificial neural network classification scheme to produce a final case based risk score. In the second approach, we combined the case based risk score with the conventional lesion based scores of a conventional lesion based CAD scheme using a new adaptive cueing method that is integrated with the case based risk scores. We evaluated our methods using a ten-fold cross-validation scheme on 924 cases (476 cancer and 448 recalled or negative), whereby each case had all four images from the CC and MLO views. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was AUC  =  0.793  ±  0.015 and the odds ratio monotonically increased from 1 to 37.21 as CAD-generated case based detection scores increased. Using the new adaptive cueing method, the region based and case based sensitivities of the conventional CAD scheme at a false positive rate of 0.71 per image increased by 2.4% and 0.8%, respectively. The study demonstrated that supplementary information can be derived by computing global mammographic density image features to improve CAD-cueing performance on the suspicious mammographic lesions.
  11. Liu L, Wang Y, Zhao Y
    Sci Total Environ, 2024 Feb 22;921:171110.
    PMID: 38395172 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171110
    Receiving international industrial transfer (mainly foreign direct investment, FDI) is extremely important for economic development but also brings negative environmental impacts for Southeast Asian developing countries (SEADCs). Due to relatively low labor costs and large market potential, SEADCs have become an attractive destination for industrial transfer after China, while studies were far from sufficient on the associated air pollutant emissions that would worsen air quality and threaten human health. We develop an exploratory framework to estimate the long-term trends of relevant air pollutant emissions in eight major SEADCs, including Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. During 1990-2018, the emissions generally show a fluctuating upward trend and increased significantly in Cambodia, Laos, Philippines, and Vietnam. The total emissions of CO, NMVOC, SO2, NOX, PM2.5, and NH3 from the eight SEADCs increased from 19.0, 4.3, 3.6, 1.5, 0.5, and 0.4 kilotons (kt) to 391.6, 260.9, 271.1, 182.4, 48.4, and 12.2 kt, respectively. The emission growth in almost all SEADCs accelerated after 2008 and faster than FDI growth. The disparities in emissions among SEADCs basically grew first and then declined to a level lower than that of 1990, but generally exceeded the disparities in FDI. Productivity gain and emission intensity decrease primarily caused the emission growth and reduction, respectively. Relatively small reductions in emission intensity are found for NOX and SO2. In general, most SEADCs have utilized FDI for economic development without sufficient efforts on air pollutant emission controls. Our outcomes can inform the formulation and optimization of relevant policies reconciling economic development and air quality improvement in SEADCs.
  12. Xu Y, Wang Y, Khan A, Zhao R
    Front Psychol, 2021;12:732104.
    PMID: 34603153 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.732104
    The senior market signifies an enormous, rapidly expanding segment, and this research aimed to investigate this segment by proposing a theoretical model incorporating the antecedents of consumer flow experience, flow theory, and technology acceptance model (TAM) devised for determining social media purchase intention. This study focuses on the senior citizens engaged in shopping using social media located in Pakistan. A total of 300 senior citizens were selected. An online survey was conducted with the help of a marketing research agency located in Pakistan. The data were analyzed using the partial least squares (PLS) method. According to the results, the antecedents, such as feedback, enjoyment, and time distortion were found to be in a positive relationship with flow experience, however, the concentration did not have a significant effect on the flow. Furthermore, the flow was found to be in a significant relationship with social media purchase intention and TAM. Finally, TAM was also found to be in a positive significant relationship with social media purchase intention. This research contributes to the constantly expanding volume of the utilization of social media by the senior market segment population for buying and producing the highly valuable knowledge for manufacturers, wholesalers, vendors, and a huge number of senior customers.
  13. Wang Y, Zhao Y, Xu L, Wang W, Doherty L, Tang C, et al.
    Water Sci Technol, 2017 Jul;76(2):471-477.
    PMID: 28726712 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.190
    In the last 10 years, the microbial fuel cell (MFC) has been extensively studied worldwide to extract energy from wastewater via electricity generation. More recently, a merged technique of embedding MFC into a constructed wetland (CW) has been developed and appears to be increasingly investigated. The driving force to integrate these two technologies lies in the fact that CWs naturally possess a redox gradient (depending on flow direction and wetland depth), which is required by MFCs as anaerobic anode and aerobic cathode chambers. No doubt, the integration of MFC with a CW will upgrade the CW to allow it to be used for wastewater treatment and, simultaneously, electricity generation, making CWs more sustainable and environmentally friendly. Currently, published work shows that India, China, Ireland, Spain, Germany and Malaysia are involved in the development of this technology although it is in its infant stage and many technical issues are faced on system configuration, operation and maximisation of electricity production. This paper aims to provide an updated review and analysis of the CW-MFC development. Focuses are placed on the experience gained so far from different researchers in the literature and further research directions and proposals are discussed in great detail.
  14. Hall DA, Xiong B, Li W, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhao F
    Int J Audiol, 2023 Apr 24.
    PMID: 37093086 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2023.2199441
    Objectives: The lived experience of tinnitus has biopsychosocial characteristics which are influenced by sociocultural factors. The main purpose of this study is to investigate how tinnitus affects people in their everyday life in China. A deductive qualitative analysis examined whether an a priori Western-centric conceptual framework could extend to an Asian context.Design: A large-scale prospective survey collected patient-reported problems associated with tinnitus in 485 adults attending four major ENT clinics in Eastern and Southern mainland China.Results: The evidence suggests that patients in China express a narrower range of problem domains associated with the lived experience of tinnitus. While 13 tinnitus-related problem domains were confirmed, culture-specific adaptations included the addition uncomfortable (a novel concept not previously reported), and the potential exclusion of concepts such as intrusiveness, loss of control, loss of peace and loss of sense of self.Conclusions: The sociocultural context of patients across China plays an important role in defining the vocabulary used to describe the patient-centred impacts of tinnitus. Possible explanatory factors include cultural differences in the meaning and relevance of certain concepts relating to self and in help-seeking behaviour, low health literacy and a different lexicon in Chinese compared to English to describe tinnitus-related problems.
  15. Ai H, Lee YY, Xie X, Tan CP, Ming Lai O, Li A, et al.
    Food Chem, 2023 Jun 30;412:135558.
    PMID: 36716631 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135558
    Palm olein (POL) was modified by enzymatic interesterification with different degrees of acyl migration in a solvent-free packed bed reactor. The fatty acid and acylglycerol composition, isomer content, thermodynamic behavior, and relationship between crystal polymorphism, solid fat content (SFC), crystal microstructure, and texture before and after modification were studied. We found that the increase in sn-2 saturation interesterification was not only due to the generated tripalmitin (PPP) but also caused by acyl migration, and the SFC profiles were changed accordingly. The emergence of high melting point acylglycerols was an important factor accelerating the crystallization rate, further shortening the crystallization induction time, leading to the formation of large crystal spherulites, thereby reducing the hardness. The transformation from the β' to the β form occurred during post-hardening during storage. The isomer content also affected the physicochemical properties of the modified POL.
  16. Ke W, Lee YY, Cheng J, Tan CP, Lai OM, Li A, et al.
    Food Chem, 2024 Feb 01;433:137374.
    PMID: 37683471 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137374
    Enzymatic glycerolysis produced ground nut oil-based diacylglycerols (GNO-DAG) with a purity of 43.28 ± 0.89% (GNO-DAG40). GNO-DAG80 (with a DAG purity of 87.33 ± 0.61%) was obtained after purification using molecular distillation. Traditional palm oil was mixed with the "liquid" DAG as margarine base oils. Subsequent evaluations of palm oil-DAG-based fats (PO-GNO DAG) as a margarine replacement in a W/O model system showed that the material was an ideal functional base oil with improved aeration properties and plasticity during application. The binary system physical, textural and crystallization property were determined, and the compatibility of the binary mixed system was analyzed by constructing a phase diagrams. The PO-GNO DAG showed decent compatibility between the two phases and had better texture and rheological properties. In addition, PO-GNO DAG40 showed better apparent viscosity and aeration characteristics than PO-GNO DAG80, with potential application in the food specialty fats industry.
  17. Yang D, Zhang Y, Lee YY, Lu Y, Wang Y, Zhang Z
    Food Chem, 2024 Feb 02;444:138635.
    PMID: 38325087 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138635
    The relationship between batch and continuous enzymatic interesterification was studied through enzymatic interesterification of beef tallow. The interesterification degree (ID) during the batch reaction was monitored based on triacylglycerol composition, sn-2 fatty acid composition, solid fat content, and melting profile and was described by an exponential model. A relationship equation featuring reaction parameters of the two reations was established to predict the ID and physicochemical characteristics in continuous interesterification. The prediction of the ID based on triacylglycerol composition was reliable, with an R2 value greater than 0.85. Interesterification produced more high-melting-point components for both reactions, but the acyl migration in the batch-stirring reactor was much greater, resulting in faster crystallization, a more delicate crystal network, and lower hardness. The relationship equation can be employed to predict the ID, but the prediction of physicochemical properties was constrained by the difference in acyl migration degree between the two reactions.
  18. Soh HY, Sun Q, Hu LH, Wang Y, Mao C, Peng X, et al.
    PMID: 35168922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.01.032
    Accurate reconstruction of orbital and midfacial defects following extensive globe-sparing maxillectomy is challenging, due to the complex anatomy of facial skeleton. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of individually bent titanium mesh in navigation-assisted reconstruction of post-ablative orbits in comparison with that without intraoperative navigation. Forty-one patients undergone globe-sparing maxillectomy and orbital floor reconstruction using individually bent titanium mesh with or without intraoperative navigation were assessed. Pre- and postoperative orbital projection and volume measurements were performed on both orbits. The unaffected orbit was used as a control for comparison. True-to-original orbital reconstruction was achieved in this study. The average difference of globe projection and orbital volume between unaffected and reconstructed orbits was 0.8 ± 0.5 mm and 0.9 ± 1.2cm3, respectively, in navigation-assisted group. In non-navigation-assisted group, the average difference of globe projection and orbital volume of unaffected and reconstructed orbit was 0.7 ± 0.5 mm and 1.3 ± 1.3cm3, respectively. There was no statistical significance in mean differences between unaffected and affected globe projection (P = 0.744) and orbital volume (P = 0.677) in both groups. There was also no significant difference observed when comparing the mean differences between pre- and postoperative globe projection (P = 0.659) and orbital volume (P = 0.582) in both groups. While intraoperative navigation system was shown to be effective in orbital reconstruction in the past decade, equal satisfactory post-ablative orbital reconstruction can be achieved with individually bent titanium mesh with or without intraoperative navigation.
  19. Wise SK, Damask C, Roland LT, Ebert C, Levy JM, Lin S, et al.
    Int Forum Allergy Rhinol, 2023 Apr;13(4):293-859.
    PMID: 36878860 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23090
    BACKGROUND: In the 5 years that have passed since the publication of the 2018 International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2018), the literature has expanded substantially. The ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 update presents 144 individual topics on allergic rhinitis (AR), expanded by over 40 topics from the 2018 document. Originally presented topics from 2018 have also been reviewed and updated. The executive summary highlights key evidence-based findings and recommendation from the full document.

    METHODS: ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 employed established evidence-based review with recommendation (EBRR) methodology to individually evaluate each topic. Stepwise iterative peer review and consensus was performed for each topic. The final document was then collated and includes the results of this work.

    RESULTS: ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 includes 10 major content areas and 144 individual topics related to AR. For a substantial proportion of topics included, an aggregate grade of evidence is presented, which is determined by collating the levels of evidence for each available study identified in the literature. For topics in which a diagnostic or therapeutic intervention is considered, a recommendation summary is presented, which considers the aggregate grade of evidence, benefit, harm, and cost.

    CONCLUSION: The ICAR-Allergic Rhinitis 2023 update provides a comprehensive evaluation of AR and the currently available evidence. It is this evidence that contributes to our current knowledge base and recommendations for patient evaluation and treatment.

  20. Yang H, Wang Y, Tiu ZC, Tan SJ, Yuan L, Zhang H
    Micromachines (Basel), 2022 Jan 07;13(1).
    PMID: 35056256 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010092
    In the advancement of photonics technologies, all-optical systems are highly demanded in ultrafast photonics, signal processing, optical sensing and optical communication systems. All-optical devices are the core elements to realize the next generation of photonics integration system and optical interconnection. Thus, the exploration of new optoelectronics materials that exhibit different optical properties is a highlighted research direction. The emerging two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, black phosphorus (BP), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and MXene have proved great potential in the evolution of photonics technologies. The optical properties of 2D materials comprising the energy bandgap, third-order nonlinearity, nonlinear absorption and thermo-optics coefficient can be tailored for different optical applications. Over the past decade, the explorations of 2D materials in photonics applications have extended to all-optical modulators, all-optical switches, an all-optical wavelength converter, covering the visible, near-infrared and Terahertz wavelength range. Herein, we review different types of 2D materials, their fabrication processes and optical properties. In addition, we also summarize the recent advances of all-optical modulation based on 2D materials. Finally, we conclude on the perspectives on and challenges of the future development of the 2D material-based all-optical devices.
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