Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 38 in total

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  1. Onunkwor OF, Al-Dubai SA, George PP, Arokiasamy J, Yadav H, Barua A, et al.
    PMID: 26753811 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-016-0408-8
    There is a rapid increase in the population of the elderly globally, and Malaysia is anticipated to become an ageing nation in 2030. Maintaining health, social participation, reducing institutionalization, and improving quality of life of the elderly are public health challenges of the 21(st) century. Quality of life among elderly in Elderly Homes in Malaysia is under researched. This study aims to determine the quality of life and its associated factors among the Elderly in Elderly Homes in Kuala Lumpur.
  2. Yadav H
    MyJurnal
    There has been a significant decline in maternal mortality from 540 per 100,000 live births
    in I957 to 28 per 100,000 in 2010. This decline is due to several factors. Firstly the introduction of the rural health infrastructure which is mainly constructing health centres and midwife clinics for the rural population. This provided the accessibility and availability of primary health care and specially, antenatal care for the women. This also helped to increase the antenatal coverage for the women to 98% in 2010 and it increased the average number of antenatal visits per women from6 in 1980 to 12 visits in 2010 for pregnant women. Along with the introduction of health centres, another main feature was the introduction of specific programmes to address the needs of the women and children. In the 1950s the introduction of Maternal and Child Health (MCH) programme was an important
    step. Later in the late 1970s there was the introduction of the High Risk Approach in MCH care and Safe Motherhood in the 1980s. In 1990, an important step was the introduction of the Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths (CEMD). Another significant factor in the reduction is the identification of high risk mothers and this is being done by the introduction of the colour coding system in the health centres. Other factors include the increase in the number of safe deliveries by skilled personnel and the reduction in the number of deliveries by the Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs). The reduction in fertility rate from 6.3 in 1960 to 3.3 in 2010 has been another important factor. To achieve the 2015 Millennium Development Goals (MDG) to further reduce maternal deaths by 50%, more needs to be done especially to identify maternal deaths that are missed by omission or misclassification and also to capture the late maternal deaths.
  3. Al-Dubai SA, Ganasegeran K, Al-Shagga MA, Yadav H, Arokiasamy JT
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2013;2013:465161.
    PMID: 24453859 DOI: 10.1155/2013/465161
    Little is known about the relationships between adverse health effects and unhealthy behaviors among medical students using Facebook. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between adverse health effects and unhealthy behaviors with Facebook use. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a private university in Malaysia among 316 medical students. A self-administered questionnaire was used. It included questions on sociodemographics, pattern of Facebook use, social relationship, unhealthy behaviors, and health effects. Mean age was 20.5 (±2.7) years. All students had a Facebook account. The average daily Facebook surfing hours were 2.5 (±1.7). Significant associations were found between average hours of Facebook surfing and the following factors: isolation from family members and community, refusing to answer calls, musculoskeletal pain, headache, and eye irritation (P < 0.005). The average hours spent on Facebook were significantly associated with holding urination and defecation while online, surfing Facebook until midnight, and postponing, forgetting, or skipping meals (P < 0.005). The average hours spent on Facebook were associated with adverse health effects and unhealthy behaviors among medical students, as well as social isolation from the family and community.
  4. Tan KL, Yadav H
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Aug;63(3):199-202.
    PMID: 19248689 MyJurnal
    This is a cross-sectional study investigating the profile of children with disability registered with the primary health care clinics in Malaysia. The purpose of the study was to assess the developmental stage of children with disability. Secondary data from the pilot project conducted by the Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia was used in this study. The study period was for six months from 1st August 2004 until 31st January 2005. A total of 900 disabled children were selected in this study. Schedule of Growing Scale (SGS) II was used for analysis. Results showed more boys than girls were affected with a ratio of 6:4. The mean total SGS score increases as the age of the child increased. The score was highest in delayed speech cases and lowest in cerebral palsy cases. The performance among children with delayed speech was the highest while children with cerebral palsy were the lowest. There was a statistically significant difference between the major ethnic groups in delayed speech and attention deficit hyperactive disorder.
    Questionnaire: Denver Developmental Assessment Test II chart; DSST; Schedule of Growing Scale II; SGS
  5. Azzani M, Ba-Alawi E, Atroosh WM, Yadav H
    BMC Womens Health, 2023 Jan 16;23(1):19.
    PMID: 36647066 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02172-y
    BACKGROUND: Studies have revealed that a higher proportion of women affected by cervical cancer are from some minority groups of immigrant women. Hence, this study was conducted to assess Yemeni immigrant women's awareness of cervical cancer and its associated socio-demographic factors.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 370 Yemeni women in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Data on the awareness of symptoms/signs, risk factors, and screening programme were collected using Cervical Cancer Awareness Measurement (Cervical CAM) questionnaire.

    RESULTS: More than 74% of the study participants were unable to recall any warning symptoms/signs, and 73% were unable to recall any risk factors. The factors associated with the awareness of symptoms and risk factors were age (95% CI 4.22-5.22, p = 0.039), marital status (95% CI 4.05-7.87, p = 0.021), employment (95% CI 3.89-5.77, p = 0.046) and the number of children (95% CI 5.33-6.54, p = 0.041).

    CONCLUSION: The findings underline the need for public awareness campaigns to improve public awareness of cancer symptoms and risk factors among underserved communities.

  6. Yadav H
    Singapore Med J, 1983 Jun;24(3):145-9.
    PMID: 6635677
    The birth weight distribution, mean birth weight and incidence of LBW amongst the various ethnic groups in Malaysia is described briefly. The data collected and analysed is hospital data where all deliveries in 1980 were analysed. The mean birth weight showed that the Chinese had the highest Mean Birth Weight amongst the three ethnic groups and the Indians had the lowest mean birth weights. The overall incidence of LBW was 11.8% and the Malay and Indian babies constituted the high
    incidence of LBW whereas the Chinese had a low incidence of LBW babies in the study. Amongst the various ethnic groups the Indians had a higher incidence of LBW compared to the Chinese and Malays.
  7. Siah CK, Yadav H
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Jun;57(2):188-94.
    PMID: 24326649
    A cross sectional descriptive study on breast feeding practices in an urban clinic was conducted among 136 mothers aged between 21-49 years who were interviewed using a questionnaire. Malays constituted 61% of the respondents, Chinese 22.8% and Indians 16.2%. Mojority of these were working mothers and although the initiation of breastfeeding was high (99.3%), exclusive breastfeeding was only 12.5%. A large proportion (33.8%) dtopped prior to 3 months. Majority of the Chinese mothers (61.3%) stipped before 3 months as compared to the Indian (40.9%) and Malay (21.7%) mothers (p<0.001). Mean age of introducing complementary foods at 3 months is below the accepted age of 4 to 6 months for weaning. Ever-breast feeding rate is high in this urban setting but more efforts are needed to effect a higher rate of exclusive breastfeeding and longer duration of breastfeeding.
  8. Yadav, H.
    JUMMEC, 2010;13(1):38-44.
    MyJurnal
    Breast feeding has been actively encouraged in Malaysia in the last few years in all public hospitals. This study proposes to find out the prevalence of breast feeding in three villages in a rural community in Kedah, Malaysia. This was a cross sectional study on breastfeeding practices in Kubang Pasu, a district of Kedah. Majority of the mothers initiated breast feeding but exclusive breastfeeding was only 21% for four months and predominant breastfeeding was about 12.6%. The breastfeeding practice was more prevalent among women from the higher educational strata and higher income than those from the lower strata and lower income (p
  9. Yadav H, Chee CM
    Med J Malaysia, 1990 Sep;45(3):194-201.
    PMID: 2152080
    Cholera has been in existence in Sarawak for many years and since 1873 many major epidemics have occurred. The epidemics usually occur during the dry months of May, June and July and the population affected are those in coastal areas. As in other outbreaks the areas affected were those which had poor environmental sanitation, poor water supply, poor refuse disposal and indiscriminate disposal of faeces. Malays are more affected as in Peninsular Malaysia outbreaks. The classical biotype was common prior to 1961. In later years the El Tor (biotype) has been responsible for most outbreaks.
  10. Yadav H
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Dec;57 Suppl E:94-8.
    PMID: 12733201
    Rural health training is an important element in the training of medical students in the University of Malaya. There is a need for the undergraduates to be familiar with the rural health infrastructure and to understand the social and economic aspects of the rural poor. The objective of the training is to make the students understand the problems faced by the poor in the rural areas so that when they practice in rural health areas, after graduation, they will understand the problems of the rural poor. They will have the knowledge of the diseases in the rural areas and also understand the community and the environmental factors that contribute to the disease. The training lasts' for 4 weeks, one week for lectures on health survey, two weeks for the field trip and one week of data analysis and presentation of their findings to an expert panel. During the field trip the students are divided into groups and they go to different parts of the country. Each group will do a field survey to find out the socio-demography, environmental, economic, nutritional and health problems in the village. In addition to the survey they also do a research project on any topic. The students also do social work, visit places of public health interest like the water treatment plant, sewage disposal, factory visits and others. Apart from technical skills in statistics and epidemiology, various other managerial skills like leadership, teamwork, communications and public relations are also learnt during the training. In conclusion this rural health training is an important aspect of the medical students training as it imparts several skills to them that are needed as a doctor.
  11. Tan KL, Yadav H
    J Health Psychol, 2013 Jan;18(1):121-7.
    PMID: 22322990 DOI: 10.1177/1359105311433908
    This community based cross-sectional study examined the prevalence and factors associated with depression among urban poor in Peninsular Malaysia. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to determine the presence or absence of depression. The prevalence of depression among the urban poor was 12.3%. Factors significantly associated with depression included respondents under 25 years old, male gender, living in the area for less than four years and those who do not exercise regularly. It is important to identify individuals with depression and its associated factors early because depression can severely affect the quality of life.
  12. Mahadeva S, Yadav H, Everett SM, Goh KL
    J Neurogastroenterol Motil, 2012 Jan;18(1):43-57.
    PMID: 22323987 DOI: 10.5056/jnm.2012.18.1.43
    BACKGROUND/AIMS: The economic impact of dyspepsia in regions with a diverse healthcare system remains uncertain. This study aimed to estimate the costs of dyspepsia in a rural and urban population in Malaysia.

    METHODS: Economic evaluation was performed based on the cost-of-illness method. Resource utilization and quality of life data over a specific time frame, were collected to determine direct, indirect and intangible costs related to dyspepsia.

    RESULTS: The prevalences of dyspepsia in the rural (n = 2,000) and urban (n = 2,039) populations were 14.6% and 24.3% respectively. Differences in socioeconomic status and healthcare utilisation between both populations were considerable. The cost of dyspepsia per 1,000 population per year was estimated at USD14,816.10 and USD59,282.20 in the rural and urban populations respectively. The cost per quality adjusted life year for dyspepsia in rural and urban adults was USD16.30 and USD69.75, respectively.

    CONCLUSIONS: The economic impact of dyspepsia is greater in an urban compared to a rural setting. Differences in socioeconomic status and healthcare utilisation between populations are thought to contribute to this difference.

  13. Mahadeva S, Yadav H, Rampal S, Everett SM, Goh KL
    Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2010 May;31(10):1141-51.
    PMID: 20175766 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04270.x
    The role of ethnicity in the development of dyspepsia remains uncertain.
  14. Yadav H
    Med J Malaysia, 2013 Apr;68(2):111-4.
    PMID: 23629554
    The International Medical University has a Community and Family Case Study (CFCS) programme as part of the training for medical students. The aim of the programme is to emphasize the family and community perspective of patient care in the home environment. A cross-sectional descriptive study was done among 66 final year medical students using a questionnaire. The students were in the 10th Semester and had completed their Community and Family Case Studies (CFCS) programme. Majority (54.5%) of the students who were interviewed were Malays, 34.8% Chinese and 9.1% Indians. Majority of the students (87.9%) liked the programme because it was a good opportunity to understand the patient in their home environment; it improved their commination skills and made them understand the patient better in the community setting. The perceived problem in this programme by the students were mainly choosing an index patient initially (32.8%), patient cooperation (19.0%) and transportation to the patients' house (13.8%). They said that this programme was useful because they learnt more about the disease (45%) and understood the patient management better (15%). The programme also provided the students a wider exposure to medicine (37.9%) and the opportunity to practice clinical skills. Overall the CFCS programme in IMU was well liked by the students as it gave them an opportunity to practice some of the clinical skills in the patients' home environment and it provided an opportunity to manage the patient better. The major problem the students faced was in selecting the index patient.
  15. Mahadeva S, Yadav H, Everett SM, Goh KL
    Neurogastroenterol Motil, 2011 Sep;23(9):846-53.
    PMID: 21740483 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01746.x
    BACKGROUND:
    Dyspepsia is a common, chronic condition but medical consultation rates for symptoms remain variable. We aimed to examine two populations with varied health-care provision to determine predictive factors for dyspepsia-related consultation.

    METHODS:
    A cross-sectional, population-based study in both an urban and a rural community within a single Asian country was conducted. Details on dyspepsia-related consultation rates over a fixed period and independent factors influencing them were identified.

    KEY RESULTS:
    A total of 4039/5370 (75.2%) adults from representative rural and urban areas in this country agreed to participate in the study. Although mean ages of respondents were similar (40.4years), the demographics of both populations varied in terms of gender (62.7% female, rural vs 55.7% female, urban, P<0.0001), marital status (75.4% rural vs 70.5% urban, P=0.002), ethnicity, (79% Malay rural vs 45.3% Malays urban, P<0.0001) and socio-economic status (professional occupation 7.1% rural vs 47.3% urban, P<0.0001). Dyspepsia-related consultation rates were found to be higher among rural compared to urban adults (41.4%vs 28.7%, P<0.0001). Over-the-counter medication consumption was higher among urban compared to rural dyspepsia sufferers (n=157 vs n=35, P<0.0001). Following logistic regression, rural population (OR 3.14, 95% CI=1.65-6.0), low quality of life (OR 1.90, 95% CI=1.17-3.10), and self-medication (OR 0.40, 95% CI=0.25-0.62) were found to independently predict dyspepsia-related consultation.

    CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES:
    Dyspepsia-related consultation varied significantly between urban and rural communities. Factors within the rural population, self-medication practices, and a low quality of life independently influenced dyspepsia-related consultation.
  16. Yadav H, Lee N
    J Obstet Gynaecol Res, 2014 Feb;40(2):439-44.
    PMID: 24147966 DOI: 10.1111/jog.12209
    To identify the risk factors influencing the development of macrosomia among pregnant women and to develop a regression model to predict macrosomia.
  17. Lee YL, Verma RK, Yadav H, Barua A
    Eur J Dent Educ, 2016 Nov;20(4):218-228.
    PMID: 26277860 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12164
    BACKGROUND: Facebook and mobile texting are prevalent in the lives of almost every student. However, little is known about the relationship between Facebook usage or mobile texting and their impacts on health amongst undergraduate dental students. In this study, excessive Facebook use and excessive mobile texting were studied as they relate to impacts on health.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a private university in Malaysia. A total of 188 undergraduate dental students were interviewed using a pre-tested and self-rated questionnaire. Data collected from participants were analysed using SPSS version 18.0. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression analyses were applied to study the relationship between explanatory variables and excessive Facebook use and excessive mobile texting.

    RESULTS: The prevalence of excessive Facebook use and excessive mobile texting amongst undergraduate dental students was found to be 33.2% and 33.0%, respectively. According to a multivariate analysis, texting habits, such as the presence of daytime sleepiness after texting late at night (aOR = 2.682, 95% CI = 1.142-6.301) and the presence of anxious feelings if students failed to receive a timely response (aOR = 3.819, 95% CI = 1.580-9.230), were determined to be significant predictors of excessive mobile texting. Excessive Facebook use was found to be significantly related to three variables as follows: fewer numbers of close friends (aOR = 2.275, 95% CI = 1.057-4.898), the checking of updates on the Facebook walls of their friends (aOR = 2.582, 95% CI = 1.189-5.605) and the absence of active and vigorous feelings during Facebook use (aOR = 3.401, 95% CI = 1.233-9.434).

    CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one-third of undergraduate dental students in this study experienced excessive Facebook use and/or excessive mobile texting. Health education and promotion should be instituted to create awareness, whilst students should be advised to practise self-control with respect to both mobile texting and Facebook usage.

  18. Kakani V, Ramesh S, Yadav HM, Bathula C, Basivi PK, Palem RR, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2022 Sep 20;12(1):12951.
    PMID: 36127493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16863-3
    Nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNTs) have been used to fabricate nanostructured materials for various energy devices, such as supercapacitors, sensors, batteries, and electrocatalysts. Nitrogen-doped carbon-based electrodes have been widely used to improve supercapacitor applications via various chemical approaches. Based on previous studies, CuO@MnO2 and CuO@MnO2/N-MWCNT composites were synthesized using a sonication-supported hydrothermal reaction process to evaluate their supercapacitor properties. The structural and morphological properties of the synthesized composite materials were characterized via Raman spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, and SEM-EDX, and the morphological properties of the composite materials were confirmed by the nanostructured composite at the nanometer scale. The CuO@MnO2 and CuO@MnO2/N-MWCNT composite electrodes were fabricated in a three-electrode configuration, and electrochemical analysis was performed via CV, GCD, and EIS. The composite electrodes exhibited the specific capacitance of ~ 184 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 in the presence of a 5 M KOH electrolyte for the three-electrode supercapacitor application. Furthermore, it exhibited significantly improved specific capacitances and excellent cycling stability up to 5000 GCD cycles, with a 98.5% capacity retention.
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