Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 40 in total

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  1. Bruguière A, Derbré S, Coste C, Le Bot M, Siegler B, Leong ST, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2018 Nov;131:59-64.
    PMID: 30321650 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.10.003
    Usually isolated from Garcinia (Clusiaceae) or Hypericum (Hypericaceae) species, some Polycyclic Polyprenylated AcylPhloroglucinols (PPAPs) have been recently reported as potential research tools for immunotherapy. Aiming at exploring the chemodiversity of PPAPs amongst Garcinia genus, a dereplication process suitable for such natural compounds has been developed. Although less sensitive than mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy is perfectly reproducible and allows stereoisomers distinction, justifying the development of 13C-NMR strategies. Dereplication requires the use of databases (DBs). To define if predicted DBs were accurate enough as dereplication tools, experimental and predicted δC of natural products usually isolated from Clusiaceae were compared. The ACD/Labs commercial software allowed to predict 73% of δC in a 1.25 ppm range around the experimental values. Consequently, with these parameters, the major PPAPs from a Garcinia bancana extract were successfully identified using a predicted DB.
  2. Ling SK, Takashima T, Tanaka T, Fujioka T, Mihashi K, Kouno I
    Fitoterapia, 2004 Dec;75(7-8):785-8.
    PMID: 15567266
    A new megastigmane diglycoside was isolated from the leaves of Carallia brachiata. The structure was determined by spectroscopic methods as 3-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-beta-ionol -3-O-beta-apiofuranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-glucopyranoside (1). Additionally, 29 known compounds consisting of two megastigmanes, one 1,2-dithiolane derivative, seven aromatic compounds, five condensed tannins, 12 flavonoids, and two glyceroglycolipids were isolated and identified.
  3. Othman MA, Sivasothy Y, Looi CY, Ablat A, Mohamad J, Litaudon M, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2016 Jun;111:12-7.
    PMID: 27072985 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.04.004
    Giganteone E (1), a new dimeric acylphenol was isolated as a minor constituent from the bark of Myristica maxima Warb. The structure of 1 was established on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR techniques and LCMS-IT-TOF analysis. Malabaricones A-C (2-4), giganteones A and C (5 and 6), maingayones A and B (7 and 8), maingayic acid B (9) and β-sitosteryl oleate (10) were also characterized in this plant for the first time. Compound 10 was identified for the first time in the Myristicaceae. Compounds 2 and 5 were active against human prostate cancer cell-lines, thus making this the first report on the prostate cancer inhibiting potential of acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols. Compounds 1, 4, 5, 7 and 8 exhibited potent DPPH free radical scavenging activity. This is the first report on their free radical scavenging capacity.
  4. Mollataghi A, Coudiere E, Hadi AH, Mukhtar MR, Awang K, Litaudon M, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2012 Mar;83(2):298-302.
    PMID: 22119096 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.11.009
    Phytochemical investigation of Beilschmiedia alloiophylla has resulted in the isolation of one new alkaloid, 2-hydroxy-9-methoxyaporphine (1), and ten known natural products, laurotetanine (2), liriodenine (3), boldine (4), secoboldine (5), isoboldine (6), asimilobine (7), oreobeiline (8), 6-epioreobeiline (9), β-amyrone (10), and (S)-3-methoxynordomesticine (11). Chemical studies on the bark of B. kunstleri afforded compounds 2 and 4 along with one bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, N-dimethylphyllocryptine (12). Structures of compounds 1-12 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. All of these isolates were evaluated for their anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE), anti-α-glucosidase, anti-leishmanial and anti-fungal activities. Compounds 1-12 exhibited strong to moderate bioactivities in aforementioned bioassays.
  5. Abdelwahab SI, Hassan LE, Sirat HM, Yagi SM, Koko WS, Mohan S, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2011 Dec;82(8):1190-7.
    PMID: 21871542 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.08.002
    The in vivo and in vitro mechanistic anti-inflammatory actions of cucurbitacin E (CE) (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) were examined. The results showed that LPS/INF-γ increased NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages, whereas L-NAME and CE curtailed it. CE did not reveal any cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 and WRL-68 cells. CE inhibited both COX enzymes with more selectivity toward COX-2. Intraperitoneal injection of CE significantly suppressed carrageenan-induced rat's paw edema. ORAC and FRAP assays showed that CE is not a potent ROS scavenger. It could be concluded that CE is potentially useful in treating inflammation through the inhibition of COX and RNS but not ROS.
  6. Sulaiman MR, Perimal EK, Akhtar MN, Mohamad AS, Khalid MH, Tasrip NA, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2010 Oct;81(7):855-8.
    PMID: 20546845 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.05.009
    The anti-inflammatory activity of zerumbone (1), a natural cyclic sesquiterpene isolated from Zingiber zerumbet Smith was investigated using carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma tissue formation test in mice. It was demonstrated that intraperitoneal administration of 1 at a dose of 5, 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg produced significant dose-dependent inhibition of paw edema induced by carrageenan. It was also demonstrated that 1 at similar doses significantly suppressed granulomatous tissue formation in cotton pellet-induced granuloma test.
  7. Zulazmi NA, Gopalsamy B, Farouk AA, Sulaiman MR, Bharatham BH, Perimal EK
    Fitoterapia, 2015 Sep;105:215-21.
    PMID: 26205045 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.07.011
    Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition that is difficult to be treated. Current therapies available are either ineffective or non-specific thus requiring newer treatment approaches. In this study, we investigated the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects of zerumbone, a bioactive sesquiterpene from Zingiber zerumbet in chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain animal model. Our findings showed that single and repeated dose of intra-peritoneal administration of zerumbone (5, 10, 50, 100 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the CCI-induced neuropathic pain when evaluated using the electronic von Frey anesthesiometer, cold plate, Randall-Selitto analgesiometer and the Hargreaves plantar test. Zerumbone significantly alleviated tactile and cold allodynia as well as mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. Our findings are in comparison to the positive control drugs thatused gabapentin (20 mg/kgi.p.) and morphine (1 mg/kgi.p.). Together, these results showed that the systemic administration of zerumbone produced marked antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects in the CCI-induced neuropathic pain in mice and may serve as a potential lead compound for further analysis.
  8. Wiart C, Mogana S, Khalifah S, Mahan M, Ismail S, Buckle M, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2004 Jan;75(1):68-73.
    PMID: 14693223
    Seventy-two extracts (methanol) obtained from the leaves, barks, and roots of 50 plant species used in the traditional medicine of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia, have been screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Peristrophe tinctoria, Polyalthia lateriflora, Knema malayana, Solanum torvum, Celosia argentea, Eclipta prostrata, Ancistrocladus tectorius, Dillenia suffruticosa, Piper stylosum and Rafflesia hasseltii displayed the broadest spectrum of activity.
  9. Sulaiman MR, Somchit MN, Israf DA, Ahmad Z, Moin S
    Fitoterapia, 2004 Dec;75(7-8):667-72.
    PMID: 15567242
    The antinociceptive effect of the ethanolic extract of Melastoma malabathricum (MME) was investigated using acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test and hot-plate test in mice. It was demonstrated that the extract (30-300 mg/kg, i.p.) strongly and dose-dependently inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhing with an ED(50) of 100 (78-160) mg/kg i.p. It also significantly increased the response latency period to thermal stimuli. Furthermore, the nonselective opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone blocked the antinociceptive effect of the extract in both tests, suggesting that M. malabathricum may act both at peripheral and central levels.
  10. Chan KY, Mohamad K, Ooi AJ, Imiyabir Z, Chung LY
    Fitoterapia, 2012 Jul;83(5):961-7.
    PMID: 22565147 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2012.04.018
    Lipoxygenase (LOX)-inhibiting compounds from the leaves of Chisocheton polyandrus Merr. were isolated in this study using a bioactivity-guided fractionation technique. Two dammarane triterpenoids, dammara-20,24-dien-3-one (1) (IC(50)=0.69±0.07 μM) and 24-hydroxydammara-20,25-dien-3-one (2) (IC(50)=1.11±0.38 μM), were isolated and identified based on the soybean LOX assay. Dammara-20,24-dien-3-one (1) exhibited dual inhibition of both human 5-LOX (IC(50)=24.27±2.92 μM) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (IC(50)=3.17±0.90 μM), whereas 24-hydroxydammara-20,25-dien-3-one (2) did not exhibit any significant inhibitory effects. This report is the first to detail the inhibition of LOX and COX by both C. polyandrus and its isolated compounds.
  11. Muhammad MT, Beniddir MA, Phongphane L, Abu Bakar MH, Hussin MH, Awang K, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2024 Apr;174:105873.
    PMID: 38417682 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105873
    Diabetes mellitus stands as a metabolic ailment marked by heightened blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin secretion. The primary aims of this investigative inquiry encompassed the isolation of phytochemical components from the bark of Kopsia teoi, followed by the assessment of their α-amylase inhibition. The phytochemical composition of the K. teoi culminated in the discovery of a pair of new indole alkaloids; which are 16-epi-deacetylakuammiline N(4)-methylene chloride (akuammiline) (1), and N(1)-methoxycarbonyl-11-methoxy-12-hydroxy-Δ14-17-kopsinine (aspidofractinine) (2), together with five known compounds i.e. kopsiloscine G (aspidofractinine) (3), akuammidine (sarpagine) (4), leuconolam (aspidosperma) (5), N-methoxycarbonyl-12-methoxy-Δ16, 17-kopsinine (aspidofractinine) (6), and kopsininate (aspidofractinine) (7). All compounds were determined via spectroscopic analyses. The in vitro evaluation against α-amylase showed good inhibitory activities for compounds 5-7 with the inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 21.7 ± 1.2, 34.1 ± 0.1, and 30.0 ± 0.8 μM, respectively compared with the reference acarbose (IC50 = 34.4 ± 0.1 μM). The molecular docking outputs underscored the binding interactions of compounds 5-7 ranging from -8.1 to -8.8 kcal/mol with the binding sites of α-amylase. Consequently, the outcomes highlighted the anti-hyperglycemic attributes of isolates from K. teoi.
  12. Shreaz S, Wani WA, Behbehani JM, Raja V, Irshad M, Karched M, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2016 Jul;112:116-31.
    PMID: 27259370 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.05.016
    The last few decades have seen an alarming rise in fungal infections, which currently represent a global health threat. Despite extensive research towards the development of new antifungal agents, only a limited number of antifungal drugs are available in the market. The routinely used polyene agents and many azole antifungals are associated with some common side effects such as severe hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Also, antifungal resistance continues to grow and evolve and complicate patient management, despite the introduction of new antifungal agents. This suitation requires continuous attention. Cinnamaldehyde has been reported to inhibit bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous molds via the inhibition of ATPases, cell wall biosynthesis, and alteration of membrane structure and integrity. In this regard, several novel cinnamaldehyde derivatives were synthesized with the claim of potential antifungal activities. The present article describes antifungal properties of cinnamaldehyde and its derivatives against diverse classes of pathogenic fungi. This review will provide an overview of what is currently known about the primary mode of action of cinnamaldehyde. Synergistic approaches for boosting the effectiveness of cinnamaldehyde and its derivatives have been highlighted. Also, a keen analysis of the pharmacologically active systems derived from cinnamaldehyde has been discussed. Finally, efforts were made to outline the future perspectives of cinnamaldehyde-based antifungal agents. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of current knowledge about the antifungal properties and antifungal mode of action of cinnamaldehyde and its derivatives and to identify research avenues that can facilitate implementation of cinnamaldehyde as a natural antifungal.
  13. Break MKB, Hossan MS, Khoo Y, Qazzaz ME, Al-Hayali MZK, Chow SC, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2018 Mar;125:161-173.
    PMID: 29355749 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.01.006
    Cardamonin is a natural chalcone that has been shown to exhibit high anticancer activity. In an attempt to discover analogues of cardamonin with enhanced anticancer activity, 19 analogues were synthesized and tested against A549 and HK1 cell lines. Results of the MTS cell viability assay showed that several derivatives possessed cytotoxic activities that were several-fold more potent than cardamonin. SAR analysis showed the importance of the ketone and alkene groups for bioactivity, while substituting cardamonin's phenolic groups with more polar moieties resulted in activity enhancement. As part of the SAR study and further exploration of chemical space, the effect of metal coordination on cytotoxicity was also investigated, but it was only possible to successfully obtain the Cu (II) complex of cardamonin (19). Compound 19 was the most active analogue possessing IC50 values of 13.2μM and 0.7μM against A549 and HK1 cells, corresponding to a 5- and 32-fold increase in activity, respectively. It was also able to significantly inhibit the migration of A549 and HK1 cells. Further mode of action studies have shown that the most active analogue, 19, induced DNA damage resulting in G2/M-phase cell- cycle arrest in both cell lines. These events further led to the induction of apoptosis by the compound via caspase-3/7 and caspase-9 activation, PARP cleavage and downregulation of Mcl-1 expression. Moreover, 19 inhibited the expression levels of p-mTOR and p-4EBP1, which indicated that it exerted its anticancer activity, at least in part, via inhibition of the mTOR signalling pathway.
  14. Ngadni MA, Chong SL, Kamarudin MNA, Hazni H, Litaudon M, Supratman U, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2024 Mar;173:105765.
    PMID: 38042506 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105765
    A phytochemical study on the bark of Chisocheton erythrocarpus Hiern (Meliaceae) has led to the isolation of six new phragmalin-type limonoids named erythrocarpines I - N (1-6) along with one known limonoid, erythrocarpine F (7). Their structures were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods. The pre-treatment of NG108-15 cells with 1-5, 7 (2 h) demonstrated low to good protective effects against H2O2 exposure; 1 (83.77% ± 1.84 at 12.5 μM), 2 (69.07 ± 2.01 at 12.5 μM), 3 (80.38 ± 2.1 at 12.5 μM), 4 (62.33 ± 1.95 at 25 μM),5 (58.67 ± 1.85 at 50 μM) and 7 (66.07 ± 2.03 at 12.5 μM). Interestingly, 1 and 3 demonstrated comparable protective effects to positive control epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with similar cell viability capacity (≈ 80%), having achieved that at lower concentration (12.5 μM) than EGCG (50 μM). Collectively, the results suggested the promising use of 1 and 3 as potential neuroprotective agents against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in neuronal model.
  15. Muhamad M, Choo CY, Hasuda T, Hitotsuyanagi Y
    Fitoterapia, 2019 Sep;137:104256.
    PMID: 31295513 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104256
    Labisia pumila var. alata (Myrsinaceae) or "Kacip fatimah" is a famous Malay traditional herb used for the maintenance of women's health. The extracts of L.pumila displayed estrogenic activity in rats. Nonetheless, the estrogenic bioactives were not identified. The aim of the study is to identify estrogenic compounds contributing to the established estrogenic activity. Bioactivity-guided-isolation method guided the isolation of pure bioactives. The hexane extract was subjected to a series of silica gel flash and open column chromatography with increasing amount of ethyl acetate in hexane or methanol in chloroform. Each fraction or pure compounds were evaluated on it's estrogen receptor (ER) binding activity with the fluorescence polarization competitive ERα and ERβ binding assay kit. Cytotoxic assay using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay method was used to establish the cytotoxic activity of the compounds. Four alkyl resorcinols and a dimeric 1,4-benzoquinone, namely belamcandol B (1), 5-pentadec-10'-(Z)-enyl resorcinol (2), 1,3-dihydroxy-5-pentadecylbenzene (3), 5-(heptadec-12'-(Z)-enyl) resorcinol (4) and demethylbelamcandaquinone B (5) were identified with selective binding affinities towards either ERα or ERβ exhibiting selectivity ratio from 0.15-11.9. Alkyl resorcinols (2)-(4) exhibited cytotoxic activity towards HL60 cells with IC50 values from 19.5-22.0 μM. Structural differences between compounds influence the binding affinities to ER subtypes. Further study is needed to establish the agonist or antagonist effect of these compounds on various tissues and to identify if these compounds exert cytotoxic activity through the ERs. When consuming L.pumila as a complementary medicine, careful consideration regarding it's estrogenic compound content should be given due consideration.
  16. Sulaiman MR, Hussain MK, Zakaria ZA, Somchit MN, Moin S, Mohamad AS, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2008 Dec;79(7-8):557-61.
    PMID: 18672036 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2008.06.005
    The aqueous extract of Ficus deltoidea leaves was evaluated for possible antinociceptive activity in three models of nociception, namely, acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, formalin and hot plate test. The results of the present study showed that intraperitoneal administration of the F. deltoidea leaves aqueous extract at the dose of 1, 50 and 100 mg/kg, 30 min prior to pain induction produced significant dose-dependent antinociceptive effect in all the models used, which indicating the presence of both central and peripherally mediated activities. Furthermore, the antinociceptive effect of the extract in the formalin and hot plate test was reversed by the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naloxone suggesting that the endogenous opioid system is involved in its analgesic mechanism of action. Thus, the present results demonstrated that F. deltoidea leaves aqueous extract contains pharmacologically active constituents which possess antinociceptive activity justifying its popular therapeutic use in treating conditions associated with the painful conditions.
  17. Ali DM, Wong KC, Lim PK
    Fitoterapia, 2005 Jan;76(1):128-30.
    PMID: 15664477
    3,4',5-Trihydroxy-3',7-dimethoxyflavanone was isolated from the ligroin extract of the leaves of Blumea balsamifera, while the acetone extract yielded 3',4',5-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone and a new biflavonoid identifed as 3-O-7''-biluteolin (1). The isolation of 1 is significant since a biflavonoid with a C-O-C linkage of the type [I-3-O-II-7] has not been previously reported from a plant.
  18. Zakaria I, Ahmat N, Jaafar FM, Widyawaruyanti A
    Fitoterapia, 2012 Jul;83(5):968-72.
    PMID: 22561914 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2012.04.020
    A new flavanone derivative, malaysianone A (1), four prenylated flavanones, 6-prenyl-3'-methoxyeriodictyol (2), nymphaeol B (3), nymphaeol C (4) and 6-farnesyl-3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavanone (5), and two coumarins, 5,7-dihydroxycoumarin (6) and scopoletin (7), were isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the inflorescences of Macaranga triloba. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic methods including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR-1D and 2D), UV, IR and mass spectrometry. The cytotoxic activity of the compounds was tested against several cell lines, with 5 inhibiting very strongly the growth of HeLa and HL-60 cells (IC(50): 1.3 μg/ml and 3.3 μg/ml, respectively). Compound 5 also showed strong antiplasmodial activity (IC(50): 0.06 μM).
  19. Kassim M, Yusoff KM, Ong G, Sekaran S, Yusof MY, Mansor M
    Fitoterapia, 2012 Sep;83(6):1054-9.
    PMID: 22626749 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2012.05.008
    Malaysian Gelam honey has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, a high antioxidant capacity, and free radical-scavenging activity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates immune cells to sequentially release early pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and induces the synthesis of several related enzymes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the intravenous injection of honey in rats with LPS-induced endotoxemia. The results showed that after 4h of treatment, honey reduced cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins 1β, and 10) and NO levels and increased heme oxygenase-1 levels. After 24h, a decrease in cytokines and NO and an increase in HO-1 were seen in all groups, whereas a reduction in HMGB1 occurred only in the honey-treated groups. These results support the further examination of honey as a natural compound for the treatment of a wide range of inflammatory diseases.
  20. Abdullah N, Sahibul-Anwar H, Ideris S, Hasuda T, Hitotsuyanagi Y, Takeya K, et al.
    Fitoterapia, 2013 Jul;88:1-6.
    PMID: 23570840 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.03.028
    Goniothalamus macrophyllus (Blume) Hook. f. & Thoms. is a plant widely distributed in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to identify compounds from the roots of G. macrophyllus. The ground roots were extracted with aqueous methanol and partitioned sequentially with n-hexane, chloroform and butanol. Purification from this extracts afforded six compounds with two new compounds, namely goniolandrene-A (1), -B (2). The absolute configuration of goniolandrene B (2) was established by circular dichrosim. The compounds were cytotoxic against the P388 cells with IC50 values ranging from 0.42 to 160 μM. Goniothalamin (3) exhibited the highest inhibition of 0.42 μM.
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