Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 464 in total

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  1. A Azizi, HM Rafidah
    MyJurnal
    Individuals with metabolic syndrome are at increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and clinical characteristics in hypertensive patients according to the criteria of the new International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition. Hypertensive patients were recruited from the Medical Out-Patient Department, Kuantan Hospital. The five components of metabolic syndrome were examined which included blood pressure (≥130/85 mmHg), fasting glucose (≥5.6mmol/L), fasting triglycerides (≥1.7 mmol/L), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level (80cm). Out of 139 hypertensive patients, there were 113 met all the selection criteria consisted of 61 male and 52 female subjects. The participants’ age ranged from 21 to 91 years (51.9±16.8 years; mean±SD), and body mass index 13.5-42.3 kg/m2 (27.5±4.9 kg/m2). According to the IDF criteria, the prevalence of central obesity was 67.2% in men and 84.6% in women. Among the 113 hypertensive subjects over 21 years of age, 51 subjects or 45.1% had metabolic syndrome. The present data revealed that there was high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Malaysian hypertensive subjects. This finding was supported by the fact of high prevalence of central obesity among the study subjects.
    Study site: Medical clinic, Hospital Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
  2. A.M.S. Al-Qaraghuli, E.M.N. Abdel Wahab, I.M. Al-Ani
    MyJurnal
    Xiang Sha Yang Wei Wan (XSYWW) is a Chinese traditional medicine that is used for gastrointestinal disorders, specifically gastric ulcer in many countries of South-East Asia. The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential effects of XSYWW on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats by means of histological Study. On a similar basis of treatment, ranitidine, a conventional medication was used as gold standard. Methods: Fifty five male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 gm) were divided into four groups. Group I (ethanol treated group) was the control group and gastric ulcers were induced by administering 100% ethanol (1 ml/200 g). Group II (Pre-treatment group) was divided into two subgroups; they were orally fed with 1.0 gm/kg and 2.0 gm/kg respectively of XSYWW solution. Thirty minutes later they were administered with absolute ethanol as in group I. Group III, was given an oral dose of 2gm/kg of XSYWW solution after one hour of ethanol administration. Group IV was given an oral dose of 200mg/kg ranitidine solution after one hour of ethanol administration. Five rats from groups I, III and IV were sacrificed on day 1, 2 and 3 while the animals of group II were sacrificed one hour after ethanol administration. Results: Histological study of the stomachs from ethanol treated rats showed multiple ulcers of various depths that reached the muscularis and the serosa. Conclusion: Pre or post-treated rats with XSYWW showed that XSYWW has protective effect against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesion. However, there was a faster and more complete healing process in the ranitidine treated group when compared to the XSYWW treated subjects.
  3. AR Siti Nurul Fazlin, H Hairul Aini, HM Hadzri, MM Mohammed Imad
    MyJurnal
    Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotyping is very important for the clinical management of HCV-infected patients. The aim of this study was to determine the genotypes of HCV-infected patients and to identify their risk factors and comorbidities.
  4. Ab Rashid, N.F., Arifin, W.N., Kueh, Y.C., Yusoff, N.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The Five-Factor Nonverbal Personality Questionnaire (FF-NPQ) is a non-verbal personality inventory consisting of illustrations of different social situations, designed to measure five broad factors underlying the Big-Five model of personality. This study aimed to prove the validity of the FF-NPQ in Malaysia. Methods: The FF-NPQ instruction and the answer option were translated to the Malay language, which is the main language spoken in Malaysia. A total of 153 university students aged 18–30 years from Universiti Sains Malaysia were involved in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), composite reliability and intraclass correlation (ICC) were applied to show evidence of validity by internal structure. Results: CFA indicated that only 26 out of 60 items remained in the final model while maintaining the five personality factors. Each factor had a good composite reliability value of 0.68–0.77. The ICC values from the test-retest analysis ranged from 0.65 to 0.75. Conclusion: Overall, the shortened Malay Version of the FF -NPQ (five-factor, 26 items) exhibited acceptable evidence of validity in Malaysia.
  5. Abdul Azih, M.N., Hin, H.S., Kori, A.N., Rahman, A.A., Chunn, K.Y.
    MyJurnal
    We report a 26-year old lady who presented with chronic cough and breathlessness associated with subtle
    TB symptoms for 1 year. Her CT thorax showed multiple cavitating pulmonary nodules with mediastinal and
    cervical lymphadenopathy. Cervical lymph node biopsy and CT-guided pulmonary biopsy at our centre
    confirmed the diagnosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma with pulmonary infiltrations. She was successfully treated
    with ABVD regime but later developed life-threatening bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Sadly, she
    succumbed to respiratory failure due to severe pneumonia with possibility of bleomycin-induced pulmonary
    fibrosis. Multiple cavitating pulmonary nodules secondary to lymphoma is rare and in TB endemic area, it
    may result in delayed diagnosis and treatment.
  6. Abdul Aziz, M., Wan Ismail W.S., Bahar N., Mahadevan R., Azhar Shah S.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Internet addiction is becoming a global problem and has been associated with mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. There is a strong need for local research, given the recent rise of mental health issues amongst children and adolescents in Malaysia, as well as lack of research in this field locally. Methods: This study assessed the prevalence of internet addiction, and its association with internetrelated factors, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and self-esteem, amongst selected secondary school students in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. In a cross-sectional study, 199 adolescents were conveniently chosen from six randomly selected secondary schools within Klang Valley. Subjects completed a demographic questionnaire, as well as Malay versions of the Internet Addiction Test (MVIAT), Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 anxiety subscale (DASS-21) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out. Results: This study found that 49.2% of students were addicted to the internet. Significant factors associated with internet addiction were spending longer hours online during the holidays (OR 1.20, CI 1.01-1.35), easy access to a computer (OR 4.01, CI 1.50 - 10.76), confiding on the internet (OR 4.07, CI 1.49-11.13), severe level of anxiety (OR 3.63, CI 1.04-12.73) and high depression scores (OR 1.10, CI 1.01-1.20). Contrary to previous studies, self-esteem was not found to be significantly associated with internet addiction. Conclusion: This study has important implications in relation to clinical practice, research, and policy-making in Malaysia.
  7. Abdul Halim Shibghatullah, Wan Shah Jihan Wan Din, Ramiza Ramza Ramli
    MyJurnal
    Follicular adenoma defined as a well encapsulated benign neoplastic condition of thyroid follicles. We describe this interesting case of a boy presented with right sided neck swelling that was diagnosed as a branchial cyst but later after excision, the histopathology revealed follicular adenoma of the thyroid with hemorrhage and degenerative changes in the centre. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of follicular thyroid adenoma presented as branchial cyst.
  8. Abdul Razak, K., Mariam, A., Amirin, S., Mohd Zaini, A.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The study was done at the aim to assess the functionality and viability of the β cells of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats model following repetitive dosage of administration of ethanolic extracts of Andrographis paniculata. Materials and Methods: The diabetic rats were treated with the extracts for fourteen days and at the dose given was 500 mg/kg twice daily. The assessments were made on fasting blood glucose, insulin, and immunohistochemical aspect of β cells before and after treatment. Results: The results showed that there was a signifi cant reduction on fasting blood glucose levels in metformin, 95% and 50% ethanolic plant extracts-treated groups but on insulin level only 95% and 50% ethanolic extracts-treated groups gave a signifi cant reduction(p
  9. Abdul-Wahab, J., Naznin, M, Norlelawati, A.T., Amir Hamzah, A.R.
    MyJurnal
    Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) occurs in approximately 10% of neonates with Down syndrome. In most cases it resolves spontaneously. Life threatening complications such as cardiopulmonary and liver diseases have been described. We present here two cases which suggest that management of TAM in selected cases will have to be more aggressive.
  10. Abdullah Aszrin, Shah M. Azarisman, Rahman A. Jamaluddin, Razak A. Tariq, Noor M. Noriah
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Prehypertension precedes overt hypertension and has been acknowledged by many guidelines.
    Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease in Malaysia. Hypertension prevalence is
    at 42.6% and population-based control is poor at 26.8%. The objective of the study is to ascertain the
    cardiovascular risk profile of prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive young adults against age-matched
    controls in rural Malaysia. Methods: 484 (four hundred and eighty four) subjects attending primary care
    clinic were screened. 91 (Ninety one) young adults with pre/mild hypertension and normotensive, agematched controls were enrolled. The blood pressure and biochemical profiles for both groups were assessed
    and compared. Results: Fifty-four subjects and 37 controls were enrolled. Amongst subjects, 46.3% had
    prehypertension and 53.7% had mild hypertension. Mean values compared to age-matched controls for MAP
    were 102.68 ± 7.48 vs 83.25 ± 6.08 mmHg (p< 0.001), LDL 3.75 ± 0.95 vs 3.32 ± 0.93 mmol/L (p=0.03), FBG
    4.65 ± 0.54 vs 4.33 ± 0.42 mmol/L (p=0.03), BMI 28.81 ± 5.16 vs 24.12 ± 4.91 (p< 0.001). The mean BP was
    significantly associated with BMI, FBG, triglycerides, HDL and the TC/HDL ratio. Conclusions: Greater BMI,
    FBG, HDL, triglyceride levels and TC/HDL ratio characterised the young adults with pre/mild hypertension.
    The data suggests that hypertension in young adults is secondary to metabolic syndrome.
  11. Abdullah F, Han TM, Mat Nor MB, Mohd Aznan MA, Ismail IZ
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Hypertension (HPT) is the most common co-morbidity among type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients which ominously increased their morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We aimed to determine the prevalence and control status of HPT, and also the glycemic control among T2DM patients in a primary care clinic in Kuantan, Pahang. Methods: It was a retrospective study of 154 T2DM patients’ records, aged ≥18 years selected by random sampling. The statistical analysis is done by using Chisquare test, paired sample “t” test and ANOVA “F” test. Results: Among T2DM patients; 47% were Malay, 45% Chinese and 9% Indian. The prevalence of HPT was 72.1% and majority of T2DM patients were women (60%). Out of 82 T2DM aged >60 years, 80.5% were hypertensive. 67.2% of T2DM patients between the age of 40-60 years and 25% age <40 years were also hypertensive (p= 0.003). BP-controlled status were classified into controlled, uncontrolled, systolic and diastolic HPT. All patients were compared between the last visit and one year before, which reported 55.8% versus 33.1%, 14.9% versus 51.9%, 20.1% versus 10.4% and 9.1% versus 4.5% respectively. There were significant rises in percentage of systolic BP (by 9.7%) and diastolic HPT (by 4.6%) p<0.0001, from the first visit. BP controlled status for aged group >60 years showed increments in systolic HPT and diastolic HPT which were significant (p<0.0001). Regarding glycemic parameters, 71.4% T2DM patients had poor controlled level of Hb1Ac (≥6.5) and only 20.1% remained controlled after one year (p<0.0001). Conclusions: This pilot study found high prevalence of HPT, increasing prevalence of systolic HPT and diastolic HPT in older age group as well as poor glycemic control among T2DM patients.

    KEYWORDS: Controlled blood pressure, systolic hypertension, diastolic hypertension, HbA1C difference, primary care clinic
  12. Abdullah H
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Febuxostat is a non-purine-selective oral xanthine oxidase inhibitor drug, and is an alternative to Allopurinol to lower serum uric acid in gout patients. It is probably more effective than Allopurinol, however, its use is limited because of its cost and availability. Allopurinol has been the mainstay treatment for gout for about 50 years. However, its use has been associated with allergic reactions especially in patients with renal impairment.The objective of this study was to describe HTAA Rheumatology Unit experiences with Febuxostat in the management of gout.
    Materials and method: Case records belonging to 6 patients who had been started on Febuxostat between January 2012 and January 2017 were analysed.
    Results: The majority of patients on Febuxostat were males (83.3%) as well as Malays (83.3%). About 66.7% of patients had already developed mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (GFR between 30-89 mL/min) due to multifactorial causes by the time they were started on Febuxostat. Also 33% of patients had mild liver impairment (ALT & AST < 1.5 ULN) due to fatty liver prior to Febuxostat. All patients had been started on Febuxostat due to allergic reactions to Allopurinol. All patients were on Febuxostat 40 mg once a day. Following Febuxostat, a significant decrease in the uric acid levels much closer to the target level i.e. less than 360 µmol/L were achieved in all patients. Only 1 patient (16.7%) developed a side effect i.e. ALT > 1.5 ULN while the rest tolerated the drug very well.
    Conclusion: Although the number of patients analysed was small, Febuxostat was shown to be very effective and safe for use in patients with gout even with concomitant mild to moderate renal impairment. Serum uric acid levels reduced significantly while on the lowest dose of 40 mg once a day.
  13. Abu Hassan Shaari, Mohamed Sapian Mohamed, Jamalludin Ab Rahman
    MyJurnal
    The incidence of dengue in Malaysia has increased from 15.2 per 100,000 in 1973 to 361.0 per 100,000 population by the year 2014. The same trend was seen in case fatality rates that went up from 0.16% to 0.62% between 2000 to 2013.1,2 More than 60% of the cases were from the Klang Valley region. In Pahang the dengue incidence rates from 2004 to 2014 showed a similar increase from 40.9 to 193.8 per 100,000 population and an increase in case fatality rates from 0.07% to 0.3% too was observed between 2000-2014. Fortunately these figures were below the national average.3
  14. Adawiyah J, Moonyza AAK, Mohd Rizal AM, Hatta S, Nik Ruzyanei NJ, Marhani M, et al.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic, immune mediated, hyperproliferative skin disease that has substantial impact on the sexual functions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in patients with psoriasis.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 79 women with psoriasis attending two Dermatology Outpatient Clinics were interviewed and assessed for female sexual dysfunction and severity of psoriasis. The socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects were compared between the women with and without sexual dysfunction. The subjects were interviewed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) to exclude any existing psychiatric illness. Sexual dysfunction was assessed using a validated questionnaire on sexual function and the severity of psoriasis was assessed using Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI).
    Results: The prevalence of FSD in the patients with psoriasis was 20.3%, with hypoactive sexual desire being the most prevalent problem (44.3%). Sexual dysfunction was associated with older age, menopause, low body mass index, longer duration of marriage and presence of psoriasis in the genital area. Female sexual dysfunction was highly prevalent in patients with psoriasis.
    Conclusion: Management of psoriasis should include assessment in patients’ sexual health. Genital area involvement with psoriasis should not be overlooked as it can cause significant psychosexual distress.
    Keywords: Psoriasis, female, sexual dysfunction, prevalence, risk factor, Malaysia
    Study site: Dermatology clinic, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  15. Adibah, I., Khursiah, D., Ahmad, A.I., Zaki, N.N.M.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The aim of treatment for hyperemesis gravidarum is to stop vomiting, correction of dehydration, starvation and electrolytes imbalance. The common types of fluid used for fluid replacement are isotonic solutions like normal saline and hartman's solutions. The absence of potassium in normal saline makes hartman's solution superior but there is a possibility that the lactate component in hartman's solution could worsen the starvation state of the patients. This study is to evaluate which of these two solutions is more effective for fluid replacement in hyperemesis gravidarum. The objectives are to compare which solution corrects dehydration, hypokalaemia and acetonuria faster and to evaluate whether the ketosis state is aggravated by lactate component in hartman's solution. Materials and Methods: Patients with hyperemesis gravidarum were randomised to receive either Hartman's solution or normal saline at the rate of 125mls/hour. Blood urea and serum electrolytes, haematocrit, lactate and urine acetone were taken during admission and repeated every 12 hours. The volume of fluid required to correct dehydration, hypokalaemia and acetonuria were compared. Comparison of the pre and post treatment level of serum lactate were also done. Results: Both hartman's solution and normal saline are both effective in correcting dehydration (11.52±3.28 pints versus 11.94 ± 2.30pints respectively) and acetonuria (11.64 ± 2.75 pints versus 11.64 ± 2.54 pints respectively).
    A lower volume of hartman's solution was needed to correct hypokalaemia (8.34 ± 2.44 pints versus 8.88 ± 2.63 pints) but was not statistically significant. Ketonaemia was not made worse after treatment with hartman's solution. Conclusion: Normal saline and hartman's solution are equally effective in treating complications of hyperemesis gravidarum.
  16. Adibah, I., Wan Abu Bakar, W.Y., Nik Mohamed Zaki, N.M., Nik Hazlina, N.H., Venkatesh, R.N.
    MyJurnal
    Endometrial stromal sarcoma is a rare tumour of the uterus. We reported a case of a young lady with endometrial stromal sarcoma. She became pregnant while having the disease and delivered a healthy baby, her sixth, without any complication. A total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral oopherectomy was performed subsequently. She refused any added treatment after the operation. To date, she is free of any recurrence.
  17. Ahmad Faidzal Othman, Mohamad NorHisham, Azmi Abdul Rahman
    MyJurnal
    Symptomatic arterial pseudoaneurysm is not an uncommon emergent
    vascular case presenting to a tertiary hospital. These are mainly associated with
    infection, iatrogenic puncture or trauma. The resultant morbidity, limb loss and
    mortality present a challenge to the surgeons managing these cases. (Copied from article).
  18. Ahmad Faisal Ismail, Aifaa Ghazali, Afiza Fatihah Abdullah, Muhamad Sharifuddin Mat Daud
    MyJurnal
    Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) refer to injury to the teeth and/or peridontium and
    perioral soft tissues. To date, very few dental trauma studies conducted in the university setting,
    thus the aim of this research is to provide an epidemiological data of TDI cases among patients
    attending Kulliyyah of Dentistry (KOD), IIUM Kuantan Campus. (Copied from article).
  19. Ahmad Faizal S, Sidi H, Wahab S, Lenny SS, Mat Zin N, Baharuddin N
    Introduction: Marital satisfaction is vital to the wellbeing and functioning of the individual and family. Marital dissatisfaction can lead to detrimental effects on mental, physical and family health. The study aimed to determine the proportion of marital dissatisfaction in outpatient setting and its association with sexual functioning and psychiatric morbidity in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
    Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected primary care using purposive sampling. Data collection was done using socio-demographic questionnaire and several validated Malay version of self-administered questionnaires. Marital satisfaction was measured by the Malay version of Golombok-Rust Inventory of Marital State (Mal-GRIMS).
    Results: The prevalence of marriage dissatisfaction in sample population was about 37.3% with almost equal prevalence in both, 36.5% (male) and 37.8% (female). Using a regression analysis, the significant factors that affect marital dissatisfaction were respondent's age group between 31- 40 years old (Adjusted Odds Ratio, AOR. =11.4, 95% Confidence Interval, CI. =1.2-110.9), spouse's salary of RM1000-RM2000 (lower income category) (AOR=7.3, 95% CI= 1.9-28.1), anxiety case (AOR= 4.8, 95% CI=1.1- 21.5), depression case (AOR= 4.8, 95% CI=1.0-22.8), female sexual dysfunction in term of arousal function (AOR= 0.01, 95% CI=0.0-0.7), satisfaction dysfunction (AOR= 9.4, 95% CI= 1.5-58) and pain function (AOR=43.7, 95% CI=1.28 - 1489.2).
    Conclusion: Marital dissatisfaction can be influenced by financial factor, sexual dysfunction and presence of psychiatric morbidity. Hence, in management of marital discord, thorough screening of these factors should be prioritized in clinical setting.
  20. Ahmad Faizal S, Sidi H, Wahab S, Leny SS, Mat Zin N, Baharuddin N
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Marital satisfaction is vital to the wellbeing and functioning of the individual and family. Marital dissatisfaction can lead to detrimental effects on mental, physical and family health. The study aimed to determine the proportion of marital dissatisfaction in outpatient setting and its association with sexual functioning and psychiatric morbidity in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
    Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected primary care using purposive sampling. Data collection was done using socio-demographic questionnaire and several validated Malay version of self-administered questionnaires. Marital satisfaction was measured by the Malay version of Golombok–Rust Inventory of Marital State (Mal-GRIMS).
    Results: The prevalence of marriage dissatisfaction in sample population was about 37.3% with almost equal prevalence in both, 36.5% (male) and 37.8% (female). Using a regression analysis, the significant factors that affect marital dissatisfaction were respondent’s age group between 31-40 years old (Adjusted Odds Ratio, AOR. =11.4, 95% Confidence Interval, CI. =1.2-110.9), spouse’s salary of RM1000-RM2000 (lower income category) (AOR=7.3, 95% CI= 1.9-28.1), anxiety case (AOR= 4.8, 95% CI=1.1-21.5), depression case (AOR= 4.8, 95% CI=1.0-22.8), female sexual dysfunction in term of arousal function (AOR= 0.01, 95% CI=0.0-0.7), satisfaction dysfunction (AOR= 9.4, 95% CI= 1.5-58) and pain function (AOR=43.7, 95% CI=1.28 - 1489.2).
    Conclusion: Marital dissatisfaction can be influenced by financial factor, sexual dysfunction and presence of psychiatric morbidity. Hence, in management of marital discord, thorough screening of these factors should be prioritized in clinical setting.
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