METHODS: A total of 36 subjects (94.5% Fitzpatick Type IV-V) were recruited in this randomized double-blinded, split-face, controlled trial. Each side of the face was randomly assigned for treatment with either JS or SA. Subjects were treated once fortnightly for a total of three sessions. Lesion counting, Michaelsson acne score (MAS), photographs, and postacne hyperpigmentation index (PAHPI) were used to objectively assess the improvement. Complications were assessed during each visit. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v22.0. Significance was set at P = 0.05.
RESULTS: At the end of therapy, significant reduction in inflammatory, noninflammatory lesions, MAS, and PAHPI scores (P
METHODS: A retrospective study of all hospitalized cases of EM, SJS, and TEN was conducted covering an 8-year period from 1987 to 1994.
RESULTS: There were four cases (13.8%) of EM, 22 cases (75.9%) of SJS, and three cases (10.3%) of TEN. Drugs as a definitive cause was observed in one case (25%) of EM, 12 cases (54.5%) of SJS, and two cases (66.7%) of TEN. Drugs as a probable cause was observed in seven cases (31.8%) of SJS and one case (33.3%) of TEN. The male to female ratio was equal in EM and SJS. Antiepileptics were the commonest culprits, followed by antibiotics. One patient died of SJS and one patient died of TEN, giving mortality rates of 4.5% and 33.5% respectively. Fever was noted in 18 patients (62.1%). Leukocytosis was noted in 10 patients (34.5%), and nine patients (31.0%) had elevated liver transaminase enzymes. No significant correlation was noted between these biochemical changes and cutaneous eruption. Secondary infections were observed in 11 patients (37.9%): Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest isolated organism.
CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that drugs remain the commonest culprit in SJS and TEN. Despite adequate treatment, the mortality rate remains high, especially in TEN. These findings are similar to those of other reported studies.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 145 HIV-positive Malaysians of Chinese descent from two centers at the University Hospital Kuala Lumpur (UHKL) and the General Hospital Kuala Lumpur (GHKL) from March 1997 to February 1998. Demographic data and clinical data were analyzed.
RESULTS: The analysis showed that 104 out of 145 patients had mucocutaneous disorders (71.7%). In the study, there were 100 men (96.2%) and four women (3.8%). The majority of patients were in the age group 20-50 years. The patients who presented with mucocutaneous disease also had low CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts and most had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) defining illness. The number of cases with generalized hyperpigmentation was very high in the group (35.9%), followed by nodular prurigo (29.7%) and xerosis (27.6%). Seborrheic dermatitis was seen in 20.7% of cases, with psoriasis in 8.3%. The most common infections were oral candidiasis (35.9%), tinea corporis and onychomycosis (9.7%), and herpes infection (5.5%); however, mucocutaneous manifestations of Kaposi's sarcoma were rare.
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that mucocutaneous findings are useful clinical predictors of HIV infection or signs of the presence of advanced HIV infection.