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  1. Midi M, Kanagasundram S, Sidi H, Asmidar D, Naing L, Guan NC
    Int J Psychiatry Med, 2012;43(4):405-18.
    PMID: 23094470
    To compare the risk of sexual arousal difficulties between two groups of depressed female patients in remission who were treated with either escitalopram or fluoxetine. Associated factors were also examined.
  2. Mohd-Sidik S, Arroll B, Goodyear-Smith F, Zain AM
    Int J Psychiatry Med, 2011;41(2):143-54.
    PMID: 21675346 DOI: 10.2190/PM.41.2.d
    OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the two questions with help question (TQWHQ) in the Malay language. The two questions are case-finding questions on depression, and a question on whether help is needed was added to increase the specificity of the two questions.
    METHOD: This cross sectional validation study was conducted in a government funded primary care clinic in Malaysia. The participants included 146 consecutive women patients receiving no psychotropic drugs and who were Malay speakers. The main outcome measures were sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios of the two questions and help question.
    RESULTS: The two questions showed a sensitivity of 99% (95% confidence interval 88% to 99.9%) and a specificity of 70% (62% to 78%), respectively. The likelihood ratio for a positive test was 3.3 (2.5 to 4.5) and the likelihood ratio for a negative test was 0.01 (0.00 to 0.57). The addition of the help question to the two questions increased the specificity to 95% (89% to 98%).
    CONCLUSION: The two qeustions on depression detected most cases of depression in this study. The questions have the advantage of brevity. The addition of the help question increased the specificity of the two questions. Based on these findings, the TQWHQ can be strongly recommended for detection of depression in government primary care clnics in Malaysia. Translation did not apear to affect the validity of the TQWHQ.
  3. Chong Guan N, Mohamed S, Kian Tiah L, Kar Mun T, Sulaiman AH, Zainal NZ
    Int J Psychiatry Med, 2016 07;51(5):414-430.
    PMID: 28629286 DOI: 10.1177/0091217416680197
    Objective Psychotherapy is a common non-pharmacological approach to help cancer patients in their psychological distress. The benefit of psychotherapies was documented, but the types of psychotherapies proposed are varied. Given that the previous literature review was a decade ago and no quantitative analysis was done on this topic, we again critically and systematically reviewed all published trials on psychotherapy in cancer patients. Method We identified 17 clinical trials on six types of psychotherapy for cancer patients by searching PubMed and EMBASE. Result There were four trials involved adjunct psychological therapy which were included in quantitative analysis. Each trial demonstrated that psychotherapy improved the quality of life and coping in cancer patients. There was also a reduction in distress, anxiety, and depression after a psychological intervention. However, the number and quality of clinical trials for each type of psychotherapy were poor. The meta-analysis of the four trials involved adjunct psychological therapy showed no significant change in depression, with only significant short-term improvement in anxiety but not up to a year-the standardized mean differences were -0.37 (95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.57, -0.16) at 2 months, -0.21 (95% CI = -0.42, -0.01) at 4 months, and 0.03 (95 % CI = -0.19, 0.24) at 12 months. Conclusion The evidence on the efficacy of psychotherapy in cancer patients is unsatisfactory. There is a need for more rigorous and well-designed clinical trials on this topic.
  4. Norhayati MN, Azman Yacob M
    Int J Psychiatry Med, 2017 11 08;52(4-6):328-344.
    PMID: 29117756 DOI: 10.1177/0091217417738933
    There was limited knowledge on the sexual function in women who have survived severe obstetric complications. The aim of this study was to compare the level of sexual functioning among women with and without severe morbidity at six months postpartum and to identify the factors associated with sexual function scores of women. A prospective double-cohort study design was applied at two tertiary hospitals over a six-month period. Postpartum women with and without severe maternal morbidity were selected as the exposed and the non-exposed group, respectively. The study included 145 exposed and 187 non-exposed women. Those with severe maternal morbidity were significantly ( P 
  5. Tan SM, Shafiee Z, Wu LL, Rizal AM, Rey JM
    Int J Psychiatry Med, 2005;35(2):123-36.
    PMID: 16240970 DOI: 10.2190/EQ71-RMWV-6CEJ-1DGM
    Objectives: To examine the association between ethnicity, depression, quality of life, and diabetic control in Malaysian adolescents and young adults with type I diabetes mellitus.

    Methods: Fifty-two outpatients with type I diabetes (mean age 15.5 years) who attended a Diabetes Clinic were included. The level of HbA1c was the measure of diabetes control used (better control defined as HbA1c < 10%). Other variables were measured through questionnaires (e.g., depressive symptoms, quality of life), computerized diagnostic interviews (major depression), and medical records (e.g., demographic, family circumstances, compliance with treatment).

    Results: Ethnic Chinese youth showed better diabetic control than Malays and Indians (mean HbA1c 9.1%, 10.3%, and 11.0% respectively). Young people with better diabetic control (HbA1c < 10%) were more likely to have better quality of life and less likely to live in problematic families. When the cut-off for diabetic control was stricter (HbA1c < or = 8%), the young person's compliance was the main predictor of poor control. Family problems were also associated with poor control but to a lesser extent. The initial association between poorer diabetes control and depression became non-significant when quality of life was taken into account.

    Conclusions: There are ethnic differences in juvenile diabetic control in this Malaysian sample which need to be understood further. Previous findings of an association between quality of life and glycemic control were verified but different definitions of good control showed different associations with individual and environmental variables. Clinicians' awareness and early intervention for psychosocial problems (for example, inadequate family support) could improve diabetes control.
  6. Shukri M, Mustofai MA, Md Yasin MAS, Tuan Hadi TS
    Int J Psychiatry Med, 2020 11;55(6):397-407.
    PMID: 32216495 DOI: 10.1177/0091217420913388
    OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine how burden and quality of life predict anxiety and depressive symptoms among caregivers of hemodialysis patients. Social support was included in the model as a proposed moderator in the above relationships.

    METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 340 caregivers of chronic kidney patients undergoing hemodialysis. The setting was in Terengganu, Malaysia. The caregivers completed the measures of caregiving burden, quality of life, social support, and symptoms of anxiety and depression.

    RESULTS: About 28.8% and 52.4% of caregivers showed clinically moderate levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms, respectively. Furthermore, 35.9% and 3.8% of them showed clinically high levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms, respectively. Analyses showed that general quality of life was a significant predictor of both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Burden and psychological domains of quality of life significantly predicted anxiety. In addition, a lack of social support was a determinant of depressive symptoms. Evidence suggested that social support moderated the burden-anxiety relationship. Specifically, caregivers with low levels of social support showed more elevated levels of anxiety symptoms when their burden was higher.

    CONCLUSION: There is an urgent need for early detection to initiate prompt treatment in this population. The study provides some important insights into offering comprehensive intervention to help caregivers cope more effectively through the provision of sufficient social support to buffer the effects of caregiving burden and improve mental health.

  7. Murthy V, Sethuraman KR, Choudhury S, Shakila R
    Int J Psychiatry Med, 2022 Mar;57(2):117-133.
    PMID: 33472469 DOI: 10.1177/0091217421990142
    OBJECTIVE: Communication skills diminish with time and must be applied and updated frequently. Due to various professional constraints, the dentists may not be able to attend training programs to sharpen their skills. During patient interactions, dentists may face difficult situations which they may be unable to handle and, consequently, make them overreact. Therefore, there is a need to provide a platform to freely discuss their feelings, ideas, and take opinion from peers.

    METHODS: Training in communication skills customized for dealing with complete denture patients was conducted for the prosthodontic postgraduates. Based on feedback obtained, it was decided to have periodic meetings and the concept of Practice-Oriented-Peer Review for Prosthodontics (PrO-PReP) was introduced. This novel concept is a combination of the Relationship building, exploring Reactions, exploring Content, and Coaching (R2C2) model of residency education and the Balint method. The meetings were scheduled every one or two months based on the available caseload of the patients treated by the postgraduates.

    RESULTS: The thematic analysis of the postgraduates' self-reflection during the sessions and the video recorded observations (assessed using the Kalamazoo scale) revealed that these sessions were effective in positively engaging the postgraduates to discuss their experiences, reflect on their performances, practice their newly gained skills, and learn from peer sharing.

    CONCLUSION: The postgraduates felt that they have changed in their working style and were more confident to manage patients. They found such sessions very useful for being updated with the already-learned skills.

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