Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 393 in total

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  1. Jayalakshmi P, Wong NW, Malik AK, Goh KL
    JUMMEC, 1996;1(2):39-42.
    A review of all colonic biopsies received by the Department of Pathology during a 8-year period revealed 41 cases of ulcerative colitis (UC). The diagnosis was based on histological and clinical features. The age range of patients was between 14 - 76 years with a median age of 35.4 years. The disease was more prevalent among Indians. The common presenting sysmptoms were diarrhoea (100%) and haematochezia (83%). The extent of colonic involvement varied. Twelve patients (29.2%) had pancolitis and 8 (19.5%) had proctitis.Extraintestinal manifestations were rare and only one patient had pyoderma gangrenosum. One patient developed multifocal colorectal cancer 10 years after the inial diagnosis of UC and died 2 years later due to metastases. Histology plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of patients with UC. We noted a good correlation between clinical and pathological features. The most recent colonic biopsy showed features of chronic UC with activity in 34 cases and features of remission in 4 cases.
  2. Riley PA
    JUMMEC, 1996;1:17-19.
    The conventional use of aminoglycoside antibiotics has several disadvantages including the need for regular pre- and post-dose assaying and the risks of toxicity. Achieving a therapeutic and non-toxic serum concentration may be difficult in many patients especially those with severe sepsis. Correct timing of doses and assays is essential, but this is often difficult to achieve. Many of these difficulties may be remedied by the use of once daily dosing. This dosing schedule appears to be equally effective as the conventional method and i s also less toxic. There are many other advantages including the need for less assays and venepuncture resulting in reduced costs. KEYWORDS: Aminoglycosides, antibiotic therapy, toxicity, therapeutic monitoring
  3. Shahrudin MD
    JUMMEC, 1996;1:41-43.
    Compression of the common bile duct by a stone impacted in the cystic duct is an uncommon cause of obstructive jaundice. We present a case study and review of the literature pertaining to the presentation, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of Mirizzi syndrome.
  4. Ngeow YF, Loh CL, Wang CW
    JUMMEC, 1996;1:25-28.
    Preliminary work was carried out f o r the development of a rapid method for the detection and enumeration of enterococcal phages in natural water. Eight enterococcal phages were isolated after amplification from water obtained from 2 local ponds. These were plaque-purified and used to test the phage susceptibility of 34 strains of enterococci isolated from pristine and polluted waters. Eight strains with the widest phage susceptibility were used as hosts in a double agar layer (DAL) and a single agar layer (SAL) assay for phage enumeration without pre-assay amplification. N o phages were obtained with the DAL method with all 8 hosts. Usingthe SALmethod, 2 phages were obtained with 1 of the 2 hosts used. Phage isolation was not improved by incubation at 44.5°C. For rapid quantitative testing, the sensitivity of the assays has to be increased to enable phage isolation without the need for prior amplification. KEYWORDS: Enterococci, phage, enumeration
  5. Pathmanathan R
    JUMMEC, 1996;1:4-6.
  6. Pathmanathan R, Anuar Zaini MZ
    JUMMEC, 1996;1:3-4.
  7. Tan YM, Goh KL
    JUMMEC, 1996;1:29-32.
  8. AbuBakar S
    JUMMEC, 1996;1:21-24.
    The effects of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection on human fibroblast cell genomes were investigated using agarose gel electrophoresis. At selected intervals post-infection (PI), cellular D N A from mock-treated and HCMV-infected cells were prepared in low melting point agarose plugs. Results obtained following electrophoresis of the cellular D N A indicate that HCMV infection did not result in extensive degradation of the cellular DNA, even in samples obtained from cells which showed > 95% cytopathologic effects. High molecular weight DNA (> 23 Kb) comparable to that of the mock-treated samples were noted in a l l HCMV infected DNA samples. Digestion of the DNA samples with restriction endonucleases, EcoR I, Not I, Sfi I, and Nru I, however, resulted in the appearance of smaller DNA fragments (< 23 Kb) in samples obtained on day 3, 4, and 5 PI. Since these DNA bands appeared only in the infected cells, it was likely that these were the HCMV genomic DNA fragments. Findings presented in this study support the notion that the cellular DNA of HCMVinfected cells could remained intact and functiona. KEYWORDS: Cytomegalovirus, chromosomes, DNA, genomes, restriction enzymes
  9. Mohamad Yunus A, Mohd Dun S
    JUMMEC, 1996;1:29-32.
    A retrospective cohort study of 206 consecutive patients with colorectal cancer presenting to three general surgeons in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur over a 3-year period is reported. In all, 184 patients had an operation and are grouped according to whether their operation was within 24 hours of admission (n=16), more than 24 hours after admission (n=38), or elective (n=130). Operative mortalities for these groups were 15.9%,15.2°/o and 6.5%, respectively, significantly higher in both the emergency groups. Delayed surgery to allow complete resuscitation did not improve the operative mortality when compared with those patients having urgent surgery. Both groups of emergency patients, delayed (27%) and urgent (19%), showed poorer 5-year survival than the electively treated patients (36%), many dying of non-cancer causes. Patients who undergo emergency surgery for colorectal carcinoma are more l i k e l y to be in poorer physical condition than the patients undergoing elective surgery for the same condition. It appears that the physical status is the principal determinant of outcome after emergency colorectal surgery rather than any other factor. KEYWORDS: colorectal cancer, emergency, outcome
  10. Lim SP
    JUMMEC, 1996;1:9-16.
    Research into ischaemia and reperfusion injury especially in liver transplantation has been aimed primarily at preventing deterioration of organ function before harvest and at improving organ preservation techniques. Recent studies however, suggest that postischaemic organ function and viability can be improved not only through improved organ protection before ischaemia, but also with therapy aimed at ameliorating the organ reperfusion injury. In order to develop successful therapeutic interventions against ischaemia-reperfusion induced liver injury, it is necessary to consider the primary site of injury as well as to explore the mechanism(s) and possible factors which may contribute to the injury during ischaemia and reperfusion. Studies on hepatic ischaemia-reperfusion injury have focused mainly at hepatocellular level. Until recently, more attention has been drawn t o the important role of hepatic microcirculation on the pathophysiology of the above injury. The argument that hepatic microvasculature is the primary site of ischaemia-reperfusion injury and possible factors which cause this injury are among the issues reviewed in this article. KEYWORDS: ischaemia, reperfusion, liver, microvasculature, oxygen radicals
  11. Arokiasamy JT
    JUMMEC, 1996;1:33-36.
    A group of 265 urban private sector workers in Kuala Lumpur and adjacent Petaling Jaya responded to a self-administered questionnaires. Their knowledge of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, risk factors for and preventive measures against cardiovascular diasease a n d w h e n these should be started are relatively weak, though knowledge on symptoms of heart a attack are satisfactory. Relatively more males than females are current smokers and consumers of alcohol. Males tended to start smoking and drinking in their teen years while females tended to do so later in their non-teen years.
  12. Bahnu S, Ngeow YF, Wong WK
    JUMMEC, 1996;1:52-56.
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