Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 88 in total

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  1. Zuan, A. M. S., Anuar, M. K. Z., Syahrullail, S., Musa, M. N., Rahim, E. A.
    MyJurnal
    Ocean wave energy is a renewable energy that is abundant on Earth. It is a concentrated
    form of solar energy where differential heating on Earth generate wind which transfer their energy into
    open water in form of waves. In relation to atmospheric emission, wave power is less environmentallydegrading
    than most other form of power generation. The fluctuating wave contains potential and
    mechanical energy which can be converted into electrical energy. A special device needs to be
    developed to harness the energy which is called Float Wave Energy Converter (FWEC). The purpose
    of this project is to design, fabricate and test the experimental model of FWEC. The efficiency of the
    model will be analysed based on wave power and power generated. The model are capable to generate
    power for small devices with low power consumption. The power generated from designated FWEC
    will be depends on several parameters which is wave amplitude, diameter ratio and shape of the model.
    This parameter would be used to determine the best design for FWEC. Copyright © 2015 Penerbit
    Akademia Baru - All rights reserved.
  2. Yamusa Bello Yamus, Yamusa Bello Yamus, Ahmad Safuan A. Rashid, Kamarudin Ahmad, Norhan Abd Rahman
    MyJurnal
    Laterite soils are occasionally associated with geotechnical problems such as road deformation, erosion, settlement, dam seepage, slope instability, leachate permeation through hydraulic barriers, etc. Numerous soil improvement techniques were being applied to overcome these problems, including mixing the laterite soil with cements, limes, bitumen, chemicals, pozzolanas, etc. These additives may not be locally available and cheap, and could significantly increase the cost of construction. Likewise, in many cases, these stabilizing agents are not environmentally friendly. Different percentages of fines, sand and gravel in laterite soils exhibit different engineering characteristics and behaviour, making it difficult to obtain suitable and appropriate gradation for specific construction purposes. Thus, the essence of this review is to determine the fundamental engineering properties of laterite soil as a standalone material at different gradations to harness its potentiality for various construction purposes. It proposes step-by-step procedures on how to achieve a better soil by varying its gradation and moisture content. Laboratory testing in accordance with BS1377:1990 and ASTM D698 are adopted to examine the engineering characteristics with respect to hydraulic conductivity, shear strength, and volumetric shrinkage. In this experimental technique where molding water content and compaction energy are carefully controlled at different laterite gradations, the engineering design is anticipated to provide greater accuracy, safety, and sustainability.
  3. Ya, N. A., Singh, H. R., Samat, A., Mohd Rashid, H. N., Ramli, N. H., Makhtar, N., et al.
    MyJurnal
    Length-weight relationship (LWR) of six fish species from the Sepang Besar River estuary,
    Peninsular Malaysia were analyzes. A total of 594 individuals belonging to six species namely Arius
    sagor, Photopectoralis bindus, Plotosus lineatus, Toxotes chatareus, Toxotes jaculatrix, and Thryssa
    dussumieri collected from April 2014 to February 2015 were measured and weighed. Among them, four
    species showed positive allometric growth and the other two species showed negative allometric
    growth. The exponent b value of LWR ranged between 2.94 (Toxotes chatareus) and 3.50
    (Photopectoralis bindus). This outcome of the present study has contributed to the knowledge of basic
    information on the length–weight relationship of six most abundant species in Sepang Besar River
    estuary which is important for future ecological studies and assist in fishery management. Copyright
    © 2015 Penerbit Akademia Baru - All rights reserved.
  4. Wong, T. L., Ahmad, U. K., Tharmalingam, S.
    MyJurnal
    – The increasing use of fibre blends in clothing requires effective characterisation methods.
    Fibre analysts have often relied on the methods developed for single fibres to characterise fibre
    blends. This study was thus carried out using light microscopy and infrared spectroscopy to
    characterise binary-blended specimens and to evaluate the effectiveness of these tools on blended
    fibres. The blended samples were successfully characterised with the application of stereomicroscope,
    polarized light microscope (PLM), fluorescence microscope and attenuated total reflectance Fourier
    transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). PLM was more effective in discovering the presence of
    fibre blends compared to other techniques used in this work. Stereomicroscope allowed preliminary
    screening while fluorescence microscope provided useful information in fibre discrimination. High
    correlations (>80%) with combined infrared spectra of individual fibre components were reached for
    most blended samples. Therefore, light microscopy (stereo, polarizing and fluorescence) and infrared
    spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) are recommended for the effective characterisation of fibre blends.
    Copyright © 2016 Penerbit Akademia Baru - All rights reserved.
  5. Wan Maisarah Mukhtar, Nur Auni Marzuki, Affa Rozana Abdul Rashid
    MyJurnal
    This paper reports the effect of microbending losses in single mode optical fiber
    for pressure sensing system application. Several types of periodical corrugated
    plates were fabricated, namely cylindrical-structured surface (Plate A) and
    rectangular-structured surface (Plate B) with thicknesses of corrugated parts
    were varied at 0.1 cm, 0.2 cm and 0.3 cm. Laser sources with excitation
    wavelengths of 1= 1310 nm and 2= 1550 nm were launched at the first end
    of the fiber. The values of losses were recorded by using an optical power
    meter. It was clearly seen that the microbending losses were polynomially
    increased with the increment of applied pressure and the thicknesses of
    corrugated parts of Plate A and Plate B. The maximum microbending losses of
    1.5185 dBm/kPa was resulted as SMF was coupled with corrugated plates B
    with thicknesses of 0.3cm by using excitation wavelength of 1550nm. These
    values reduced to 0.7628 dBm/kPa and 0.4014 dBm/kPa as the thicknesses
    were decreased to 0.2cm and 0.1cm respectively. In comparison with a plain
    plate which acted as a reference indicator, the maximum percentage of
    microbending losses was obtained as 74.29 % for Plate A and 95.02 % for Plate
    B. In conclusions, we successfully proved the ability of SMF as a pressure sensor
    by manipulating the microbending losses experienced by the fiber. The
    employment of 1550nm of laser wavelength results better sensitivity sensor
    where the system able to detect large losses as the pressure applied on the
    corrugated surfaces.
  6. Wahid, N. S. A., Saad, P., Hariharan, M.
    MyJurnal
    – This paper proposes the automatic infant cry classification to analyse infant cry signals.
    The cry classification system consists of three stages: (1) feature extraction, (2) feature selection, and
    (3) pattern classification. We extract features such as Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC),
    Linear Prediction Cepstral Coefficients (LPCC), and dynamic features to represent the acoustic
    characteristics of the cry signals. Due to the high dimensionality of data resulting from the feature
    extraction stage, we perform feature selection in order to reduce the data dimensionality by selecting
    only the relevant features. In this stage, five different feature selection techniques are experimented. In
    pattern classification stage, two Artificial Neural Network (ANN) architectures: Multilayer Perceptron
    (MLP) and Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) are used for classifying the cry signals into binary
    classes. Experimental results show that the best classification accuracy of 99.42% is obtained with
    RBFN. Copyright © 2016 Penerbit Akademia Baru - All rights reserved.
  7. Umawathy Techanamurthy, Zanariah Ahmad, Noorfadhilah Kahar, Fadhlina Ahmad, Ana Rohana Pataniah Salahuddin
    MyJurnal
    Flipped Classroom enables instructors to spend more time for hands-on problem-solving instruction compared to the traditional pedagogical model which involves lectures. The purpose of this study is to determine the need for a problem-solving flipped classroom module to be designed for the STM3023: Internet of Things (IoT) subject offered at the Certificate level at Malaysian Community Colleges. A structured interview was conducted with 16 lecturers from 14 Community Colleges offering the subject to obtain their views on current teaching practices along with the challenges faced in the teaching and learning of IoT to entry level students. Participants were also asked about their readiness towards the flipped classroom following an orientation session on Flipped Classroom approach. The findings showed that lecturers mostly used traditional pedagogical models in the TVET settings such as lectures. Students usually followed instructions and merely replicate the hands-on tasks as demonstrated by their lecturers in class. It was also found that students were struggling with the subject due to their lack of competency in programming and grasping electrical and electronics concepts. Students were also found to be weak in mathematics and reasoning skills, thus making it a challenge to teach IoT to them. Therefore, a myriad of media, materials and application of real-world concepts may be required to aid lecturers to improve students’ achievement in the subject. The flipped classroom approach for teaching which gives more time for hands-on problem-solving instruction may be appropriate to support lecturers to overcome the challenges in teaching IoT.
  8. Umar Suleiman Dauda, Nik Noordini Nik Abdl Malik, Mazlina Esa, Mohd Fairus Mohd Yusoff, Mohamed Rijal Hamid
    MyJurnal
    Parameter estimation of complex exponential signals corrupted by additive white
    Gaussian noise (AWGN) is crucial in the study of distributed beamforming in a practical
    scenario. Near zero (0) phase offset are expected at the receiver end which rely on the
    smoothing and correction of the frequency and phase estimates. Neither
    computational complexity nor the processing latency has an effect on the expected
    zero phase offset but the estimation accuracy does. Thus, the maximum likelihood
    estimator (MLE) using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) approach is being considered for
    cases with none and post processing in locating of the maximum peaks. Details on how
    the phase estimates are arrived at is not always covered in literatures but explained in
    the article. Numerical results obtained showed that global maximum peaks are arrived
    at by employing a fine search with higher values of FFT.
  9. Umar Kassim, Omar Mohd Rohim
    MyJurnal
    In accordance upon conservation efforts, this research emphasizes on prevention of
    environmental pollution and considers the elements of sustainable of infrastructure
    construction materials, which is interlocking pavement block. The development of this
    innovative product apply the concept of 3Rs and waste to wealth by using the
    agricultural waste product, coconut shell, where widely available with very minimum
    cost worldwide especially in tropical country such as India, Indonesia, Philippines,
    Thailand and Malaysia. The main objective of this research is to produce an
    environmental friendly product with a good quality, low cost and lightweight known as
    Green Interlocking Pavement (GIP Block). The chemical composition of coconut shell
    ash and ordinary Portland cement being identified and compared to know whether it
    is able to react as a good binder in the mixture or not. The quality of GIP Block
    considered is compressive strength, water absorption and bulk density. All the blocks
    were curing in seven and 28 days before implementing the entire test. The existing
    interlocking pavement used as bench mark and GIP Block 0% of proportion of coconut
    shell ash used as control variables. The specimen of the interlocking pavement
    prepared in this research is 10%, 20% and 30% proportion of coconut shell ash to
    partially replace the quantity of cement. The ratio of the interlocking pavement apply
    in this research is 1:2 which stand for one part cement and two part of sand. The
    findings withdrawn from this research are: first, the chemical characteristic of the
    coconut shell ash and cement. Second, the value of bulk density slightly reduces as the
    percentage of coconut shell ash increases. Third, the additional of coconut shell ash to
    partially replace the quantity of cement in the product reduce the compressive
    strength and increase the percentage of water absorption.
  10. Tun Mohd Firdaus Azis, Leong Wai Sum, Afnan Aizzat Adnan, Hasimah Sapiri, Masnita Misiran
    MyJurnal
    Flood mitigation and assessments are crucial in current time. The seasonal and nonseasonal of flood occurrence in Malaysia provide risk towards country growth and productivity. In this study, the flood pattern will be analysed by using correspondence analysis. The data involve the occurrence of flood based on month and locality from 2013 to 2018. The test of independence (χ2 test) between month and locality indicated independency among the variables (p=0.615). The symmetric plot suggested that Perak, Melaka, Selangor, Johor, Terengganu, Sarawak inclined to have flood occurrence during December to March, while Kedah and Penang during March. This analysis will help authorities to better planning flood mitigation accordingly.
  11. Tang Hing Kwong, Flora Anak Albert Daud, Chai Teck Jung
    MyJurnal
    The use of concrete for construction had become very common in developing countries. But concrete is not friendly environment because of it consumes huge quantities of natural materials and production of the cement, which is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. The aim of this study is to investigate the Sustainable Green Concrete (SGC) which containing biomass aggregate; fly ash and Superplasticizer. Biomass aggregate and fly ash are waste industry products which are environmentally friendly. The study was carried out to identify the chemical properties of biomass aggregate, and to determine the chemical properties and optimum mix design of the Sustainable Green Concrete (SGC). A total of 90 cube samples were casted and compressive strength were tested at the age of 7, 14 and 28 days. The overall results showed that the workability and compressive strength were decreased with the increase of the replacement of natural aggregate with biomass aggregate. Besides that, the workability and compressive strength was increased with the incorporation with the replacement cement by fly ash. The SGC gained highest compressive strength for the concrete mixes of 39.3 N/mm2 with the optimum percentage used of SGC in producing concrete not exceeding 30% biomass aggregate and 6% of fly ash as a partial replacement with natural aggregate and cement respectively. The results obtained and observation made in this study suggested that biomass aggregate and fly ash are successfully used as partial replacement in producing SGC and can perform better strength development.
  12. Talha Ahmed Khan, Muhammad Alam, Kushsairy Kadir, Mazliham, M.S., Zeeshan Shahid
    MyJurnal
    Designing of autonomous navigation is very complex and challenging. The main motive
    of the proposed research was to construct an autonomous robot which has a
    proficiency to move in unpredictable and dynamic environments, and for that reason
    the robot has to sense the environment and lug out the required tasks irrespective of
    any hindrances in its working area. Applications of autonomous mobile robots can
    include espionage, underground mining, military operations, driverless transportation,
    identification of intrusion and protect missions, etc. Several various approaches have
    been critiqued to perform such operability of robot but results proved that the Fuzzy
    logic found to be the best for this kind of robotics operations because it has the
    capability to respond meritoriously to the complex inputs. To refrain and bypass the
    obstacles accurately and to attain the destination under various contour of obstruction
    in surroundings, a fuzzy logic approach has been studied and carried out to advance
    the motion of robot vigorously with less false alarm rate using ‘If-Then’ basic principle
    fuzzy inference norms and defuzzification procedure for the accurate and precise path
    planning and navigation of autonomous robot. The unmanned robot was furnished
    with sensors (ultrasonic HC-SR04) which has the aptitude to detect the scope of
    hindrances on the premise of how close or far the impediment is. To achieve this a
    solitary board PC was utilized, to be specific Raspberry-Pi 2 model b which takes the
    inputs from the sensors and maintain a strategic distance from the snags set in their
    way lastly proceeds onward. Results proved that our designed robot is a cost-effective
    solution performed better than the other techniques.
  13. Taha, H., Mohebali, N., Chung, Y. L., Ismail, N. H., Aziz , A., Bakar, M. Z. A., et al.
    MyJurnal
    his is a short report on the recent investigation on the anticancer and antioxidant potential
    of Pseuduvaria macrophylla stem bark and leaf extract on human breast cancer cell (MCF-7), human
    prostate cancer cell (PC-3) and human colon cancer cell (HT29). LCMS experiment was done to
    identify the chemical composition in the methanolic extracts while GCMS analysis was done to
    determine the chemical composition in the hexanolic extracts. For antioxidant activity, the most active
    extract was leaf methanolic with 69.22 % of DPPH inhibition. Additionally, the leaf methanolic extract
    inhibited the better proliferation especially on human breast cancer cell (MCF-7) compared to hexane
    crude extracts due to more than 90% of cancer cell death and lowest IC50 value at range of 80.70
    µg/mL ± 0.08 – 106.70 µg/mL ± 0.07. The major detected compounds were α-Cadinol, neophytadiene,
    palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and isopolycerasoidal and isopolycerasoidal methyl ester. The
    findings of this study support the anti-cancer claims of Pseuduvaria macrophylla leaf. Copyright© 2016
    Penerbit Akademia Baru- All rights reserved.
  14. Syahrul Affandi Saidi, Beh, Jun Long, Mohd Sharizan Md Sarip, Wan Azani Mustafa
    MyJurnal
    This article presents a Wall Climbing Robot (WCR) that able to move on ferromagnetic vertical surface to carry out visual inspection process. Visual inspection process is important in the industry to check the condition of storage tank, surface of building, piping or equipment thus can prevents structures collapsing or explosion which would bring a huge loss to the company. Moreover, most of the structures nowadays is expose under the sun and rain, corrosion and cracks could easily occur on the surface after exposing under sunlight and rain a long period of time. Therefore the periodic visual inspection process need to be carry out to detect the damaged occur on the surface of the structure and take action at the fastest time to ensure the safety of the structures and extend the lifespan of the structures. With the well maintenance to the structures, the condition of the structures is monitored and the lifespan is longer. The risk of collapse of the building is decrease by a large margin. Normally, the periodic visual inspection process is performed by operator. Sometime the temporary scaffolding is needed to reach the higher place to carry out the inspection. However, this method create a hazardous environment to the operator and cause the safety of the operator threatened. Therefore, the proposed WCR could help operator to work at the hazardous environment. The permanent magnet is used to provide adhesion for WCR, thus WCR able to move on vertical ferromagnetic surface. The WCR is controlled by operator via wireless remote to reach the higher place or the hazardous environment. The operator then can stream the on the real time images via web browser which connected to the same network with the WCR. Hence, the condition of the surface can be observed.
  15. Syahrul Affandi Saidi, Syarifah Idrus Sofia Syed Mohd Yamin, Mohd Sharizan Md Sarip, Wan Azani Mustafa
    MyJurnal
    In Malaysia, it is estimated that almost 80 percent of the world's population today used palm oil in their daily lives. Malaysia is the second country exporting palm oil, about 39 percent of world palm oil output. Besides that, Malaysia also recorded about 44 per cent of world exports, making the palm industry very important for countries other than rubber and cocoa. However, to keep the palm industry running smoothly and constantly, there are many challenges to face. One is to maintain soil fertility because the soil can affect the growth of oil palm trees. With the use of this system, it will show the condition of soil behaviour to the farmer about the treatment given. Arduino board is used in this project which it is programmed to calculate and display the level of soil condition by using temperature sensor and soil moisture sensors as an input. This sensor will detect the level of soil moisture and temperature and it is easier for farmers to monitor the soil conditions. Controlled soil conditions can improve the soil's ability to maintain the fertility of palm trees and help plant growth suit to the weather and local climate.
  16. Suhaimi, S. H., Hasham @Hisam, R., Rosli, N. A.
    MyJurnal
    This study was conducted to investigate the effect of particle size and polydispersity index
    (PDI) by changing the concentration of active ingredient and solid lipid in the Orthosiphon stamineus
    (O. stamineus) loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) formulation. O. stamineus extract was
    prepared by maceration method. From the HPLC analysis, the O. stamineus extract contains 38%
    sinensetin and 62% rosmarinic acid. The method used to prepare the formulation of O. Stamineus
    loaded NLC is melt emulsification homogenization technique. Solid and liquid lipid used were glyceryl
    monostearate and triglyceride respectively. It was found that the size of particles increased as
    increasing in concentration of active and solid lipid in the formulation. The best range for concentration
    of active and solid lipid are 1-4% and 1-3% respectively since the particle size and PDI needed are
    below 200 d.nm and 0.2. Collectively, based on particle size and PDI results show that the NLC system
    is highly potential to be a carrier of transdermal delivery for O. stamineus. Copyright © 2015 Penerbit
    Akademia Baru - All rights reserved
  17. Sofiah Hamzah, Mohd Sabri Mohd Ghazali, Norhafiza Ilyana Yatim, Jamali Sukaimi, Maslinda Alias
    MyJurnal
    This study aimed to integrate polyether sulfone (PES) membrane with hydroxyapatite synthesized from fish scale biowaste (HAp) to form ion exchange membrane. The PES incorporated by self-assembled with different concentrations of HAp solution; 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 wt%. The prepared ion exchange membranes were characterized regarding permeability coefficient, porosity, morphology, ion exchange capacity (IEC), AT-IR, and fouling analysis. The promising characteristics and outstanding performance demonstrated by PES membrane incorporated with 0.8 wt%. Via SEM images and ATIR spectra, the PES/HAp-0.8 membrane depicted the adequate number, well distributed and low agglomeration of HAp onto the membrane surface with a strong attachment. The membrane also demonstrated good ion exchange capacity around 49%. Permeability coefficient for PES/HAp-0.8 membrane was 101.5 L/m2.h with 87.69 % membrane porosity.
  18. Siti Norbakyah Jabar, Salisa Abdul Rahman
    MyJurnal
    In this paper, the water driving cycle had been chosen to determine and compare the component sizing of conventional boat and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Recreational Boat (PHERB) powertrains. PHERB is an improvement on conventional boat to reduce the fuel consumption and emissions. The locations of water driving cycle in this research are at Pulau Kapas and Tasik Kenyir, Terengganu. Boat energy and power requirement was calculated according boat parameters, specifications and performance requirements to study the differences component sizing of conventional boat and PHERB powertrains. Power flow analyses are used to decide the size and capacity of main components for achieving the design specifications and requirements of conventional boat and PHERB powertrains. The results for PHERB powertrain requirement using steady state velocity are 20 kW at 3000 rpm for Internal Combustion Engine (ICE), 30 kW for Electric Machine (EM) and 5 kWh for Energy System Storage (ESS). The acquired results show that the PHERB gained the most existing powertrains and has extraordinary potential in applications to marine transportation in reducing fuel consumption and emission.
  19. Sharin Ab Ghani, Idris Mohd Yusoff
    MyJurnal
    As the lighting load constituted amount of power in electricity system, improving of efficiency in lighting technology would make a beneficial to consumer, energy provider and environment. Consequently, majority of home lighting manufacturers were competing each other by improving and claiming their product as the best energy efficient lighting product. Knowledge or exposure regarding to lighting technology especially on energy efficiency, power quality and economy are an important issues to give awareness to user before buy or use the lighting product. Therefore in this research study, three types of lighting product such as energy saving incandescent lighting, compact fluorescent lighting (CFL) and solid state lighting (LED) were compared. Comparative parameters were collected from data provided by lighting manufacturer and experimental data conducted in laboratory using power quality meter and lux meter. Hence, these study discussed in term of economy, power and light quality and energy efficiency of the tested lighting product. At the end of this study, the best home lighting technology is determined successfully.
  20. Nurushshahirah Sabodin, Adekunle Qudus Adeleke
    MyJurnal
    This paper examined the significant relationship between government regulation and
    construction waste management among Malaysian construction industries. Survey
    was conducted among 10 contractors registered G7, using proportionate stratified
    random sampling, out of which 10 questionnaire were collected for data analysis with
    five point Likert scale categories of waste management from previous studies,
    statistical analysis affirmed a significant positive relationship between government
    regulation and construction waste management in Malaysian construction industries
    through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.
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