Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 32 in total

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  1. Abubakar Muhammad Ali, Mohd Ariffin Abu - Hassan, Bala Isah Abdulkarim
    MyJurnal
    Incineration of both industrial and municipal solid waste has been widely used due to
    its ability to reduce the volume of waste by about 90% and detoxify the waste.
    However, a great challenge associated with waste incineration is production of toxic
    fly and bottom ashes. These ashes contain heavy metals which enters water bodies
    through percolation and absorption, and their consequences on human and animals is
    enormous. Various researches were conducted on the application of thermal plasma
    arc technology to safely detoxify incinerator ashes. The final product from plasma
    treatment is a melt or vitreous slag within which toxic heavy metals are cemented. This
    paper reviewed the different studies conducted on the treatment of incinerator fly and
    bottom ashes in thermal plasma arc reactor. The review looked at the characteristics
    of the ashes, the thermal plasma reactor specifications, the operating conditions and
    the product characteristics. It also focused on effectiveness of the treatment processes
    in terms of volume reduction, detoxification, crystalline structure of the product and
    their usability. It is generally observed that thermal plasma arc reactors detoxify both
    fly and bottom incinerator ashes, reduce the volume of waste by about 90% and
    convert the ash to a vitreous slag where heavy metals are immobilized. Low basicity in
    parent ash favours conversion of ash into glassy vitreous slag
  2. Ahmed Dahiru Balami, Musa Mohammed Baba
    MyJurnal
    Hypertension is a condition associated with adverse vascular complications. Its
    prevalence is on the increase globally and same is true for Nigeria. Very few studies
    have assessed the prevalence, awareness, treatment and blood pressure control
    among hypertensive patients in Nigeria. The few available studies generally show
    figures less than 50% for all the three indicators of success with regards to
    hypertension. These studies are however deficient in their coverage, country
    representativeness and methodology, and as such, they fail to provide the evidence
    for which conclusions can be drawn. There is need to intensify blood pressure
    screening at both hospital and community levels. More comprehensive research with
    wider coverage and sound methodologies are also needed to determine those
    associated factors and to discover better treatment options for hypertension in
    Nigeria. These findings would guide health promotion activities and policy making.
  3. Alice Sabrina Ismail, Mohd Muizzudin Muslim
    MyJurnal
    The purpose of this paper is to propose appropriate sustainable design solution for a
    suitable housing architectural design that responds towards ecological needs vital for
    a comfortable home living environment. This paper is vital as there are many arising
    issue relating to middle income housing development involving comfort quality that
    need much attention from various parties. Past literature on middle income housing
    development in Malaysia focuses on limited areas of study. These are quality of
    communal living in settlements; neighbourhood facilities and its effectiveness; crime
    prevention through housing design; dwelling support services; policy making on
    housing ownership; corporate social responsibility on housing development from
    developer’s and buyer’s perspective; efficient housing construction system; waste
    management in residential areas; the increment of housing price and related factors
    as well as documentation on factors that hinders the implementation of sustainable
    technology in middle income housing schemes. None of the above literature discusses
    on how to implement ecological approach in home design. This research analyses the
    home users’ perception from direct observation and questionnaires on two selected
    case studies of middle income housing located in two major cities in Malaysia’s urban
    context to establish appropriate ecological home design attributes for future
    referencing. Findings indicate there are four key factors that contributed in the
    development of ecology housing for the benefit of occupants which are suitable
    structure usage, placement of building; proper openings, application of building
    fenestration and appropriate landscape. The established referential guideline design is
    of benefit for future designers, builders, developer and related authority to build
    comfortable homes in the future.
  4. Ariffin Samsuri, Zainal Zakaria, Kamal Hafez Manaf, Issham Ismail
    MyJurnal
    Production Sharing Contract (PSC) is one of the petroleum agreements mode that
    are being utilized in many parts of the world in enabling exploration, development
    and production of the petroleum resources at the respective locations. It was first
    introduced in Indonesia in 1966, and followed by Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, and
    Brunei. One of interesting aspects of PSC management is the operatorship
    transferhandling when a PSC is nearing its expiry. When the time come, the
    current PSC contractor as operator has the option to relinquish it to the host
    authority to be handed over to other operator, farm it out to the other PSC
    contractor to reduce the risk exposure or continue operating under a new PSC
    terms. The most challenging will be to relinquish the operatorship to another
    operator whereby several complexities will need to be adequately addressed to
    ensure benefit preservation to the host authority, incoming operator and
    outgoing operator. Therefore there is a need to adhere to key factors or enablers
    to administer the operatorship transfer exercise if it occurs in the near future. The
    key enablers would be able to address the operatorship transfer exercise
    effectively with the objective to alleviate complications to the host authority,
    outgoing operator and incoming operator. With the emphasized in the PETRONAS
    Procedure & Guideline for Upstream Activities together with three case studies,
    this paper proposed several key enablers to be considered for a PSC successful
    operatorship transfer which is human resources, data management, asset
    reliability and integrity management, supply chain management and good
    relationship between parties. With identified key factors, it is hoped that any PSC
    operatorship transfer will be able to be managed smoothly and will ensure
    benefits to all parties concerned.
  5. Bada, A. B., Karupiah, P.
    MyJurnal
    The use of automated teller machine (ATM) services by bank customers in Sokoto State,
    Nigeria depends on the level of trust they have towards its operating nature. The positive or negative
    perception that bank customers’ develop towards trust tends to determine their level of ATM usage.
    Therefore, this article adopted the following factors (attitude towards behaviour, intention behaviour,
    actual usage, perceived ease of use and usefulness) from technology acceptance model (TAM) to assess
    their influence on customers’ trust in the use of ATM services in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Correlation
    analysis was conducted on 300 customers of some selected banks (Guaranty Trust Bank, Zenith Bank,
    First Bank, Eco Bank and Mainstreet Bank) in Sokoto State, Nigeria. The result shows that attitude
    towards behaviour, intention behaviour, actual usage, perceived ease of use and usefulness has a
    significant and positive relationship with customers’ trust in the use of ATM services in Sokoto State,
    Nigeria.
  6. Bakar, M. S. A., Ahmad, S., Muchtar, A., Rahman, H. A .
    MyJurnal
    Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are efficient and clean power generation devices. Lowtemperature
    SOFC (LTSOFC) has been developed since high-temperature SOFC (HTSOFC) is not
    feasible to be commercialized due to cost. Lowering the operation temperature reduces its substantial
    performance resulting from cathode polarization resistance and overpotential of cathode. The
    development of composite cathodes regarding mixed ionic-electronic conductor (MIEC) and ceriabased
    materials for LTSOFC minimizes the problems significantly and leads to an increase in
    electrocatalytic activity for the occurrence of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Lanthanum-based
    materials such as lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ) have been discovered
    recently, which offer great compatibility with ceria-based electrolyte to be applied as composite
    cathode materials for LTSOFC. Cell performance at lower operating temperature can be maintained
    and further improved by enhancing the ORR. This paper reviews recent development of various ceriabased
    composite cathodes especially related to the ceria-carbonate composite electrolytes for
    LTSOFC. The influence of the addition of metallic elements such as silver (Ag), platinum (Pt) and
    palladium (Pd) towards the electrochemical properties and performance of LSCF composite cathodes
    are also discussed.
  7. Ezekiel Babatunde Ogunbode, Mohamad Yatim Jamaludin, Mohd. Yunus Ishak, Deri Mamman Abeku, Meisam Razavi
    MyJurnal
    Fibrous concrete composite (FCC) have been applied in numerous civil engineering
    structures, such as pavements, dams, runway, hydraulic structures, aircraft parking,
    and runway. The desire for their usage as being due to their unique properties
    compared with other materials. The stability of fibres in cement concrete appears to
    be good enough, but further long term tests are necessary to evaluate their durability
    and performance under mechanical sustained load. This is owing to the dearth in
    knowledge on the fibrous concrete particularly bio fibrous concrete composites (BFCC)
    behaviour and response to compressive, flexural and uniaxial tensile sustained loads.
    Therefore, an in-depth study into the creep performance of BFCC is necessitated to
    understand the long term behaviour of this biodegradable and environmental friendly
    construction product. This will avail the structural engineers and builders’ adequate
    understanding and data for design construction purpose of this green concrete
    product.
  8. Fazeli, A., Bakhtvar, F., Jahanshaloo, L., Nor Azwadi, C. S.
    MyJurnal
    Evidence on rising global temperature, melting of ice caps, and withdrawal of glaciers
    brings attentions to the enhancement of energy efficiency in energy intensive industries. Having a
    realistic comparison between one plant and the best practice technology (BPT) in operation in the field
    helps significantly to distinguish and diagnose the potentials where measures towards energy efficiency
    improvement would be applicable. In this regard, for manufacturing industries, one of the most widely
    used energy benchmarking tools is the Energy Benchmark Curve. An energy benchmark curve plots the
    efficiency of plants as a function of the total production volume from all similar plants or as a function
    of the total number of plants that operate at that level of efficiency or worse. This paper reviews the
    methodology through which the benchmark curve is obtained for a specific industry followed by a
    comparison of energy intensity for the iron and steel industry among China and the US. According to
    the international energy benchmark curve for the iron and steel industry, the savings potentials per ton
    of crude steel for the US. and China have been respectively 4.1 and 7.1 gigajoule comparing with the
    BPT in the field. Finally, an overview over certain measures to enhance efficiency of such plants is
    presented.
  9. Hamid, R. A., Mohd Amin, S.
    MyJurnal
    This study was performed to review the experience of work-family conflict and work-family
    enrichment with social support as the moderator. Work-family conflict or enrichment occurs when
    behaviours, moods, stresses, and emotions from work bring bad or good effects into family. Social
    support has been seen as an important factor to assist employees with their role at work and at home.
    This will reduce work-family conflict among the employees and achieve positive level of inter-role
    between work and family, which is work-family enrichment. The review provides evidence that social
    support may be helpful in improving the quality of work-family life of employees.
  10. Hani Hafeeza Halim, Mohd Sabri Pak Dek, Azizah Abdul Hamid, Ahmad Haniff Jaafar
    MyJurnal
    Among athletes, endurance is one of the key elements to victory. In addition to
    training, athletes normally used supplement to prevent fatigue during the event. With
    prolonged and intense activity, our body started to experience decrease in muscle
    performance due to several factors such as oxidative stress, dehydration and
    accumulation of lactic acid in the body fluids. The free radicals generated during
    intense exercise will expose the cells to oxidative damages. In the event of
    dehydration, there will be significant losses of water and functional electrolytes during
    intense exercise which affected the body fluid balance. Fatigue will also occur during
    reduced oxygen in aerobic metabolism which later caused accumulation of lactic acid
    in the muscle. This will change the pH balance toward more acidic and caused the
    muscles to lose contractile efficiency. In addition, fatigue can also be studied using rats
    as model organism. Results from this activity can be useful to analyse cellular
    metabolism and physiology effects of the tested rats toward physical exercise.
    Therefore, this review aims to discuss the causes of fatigue through oxidative stress,
    dehydration and lactic acid accumulation. In addition, the effectiveness of using rats as
    a model system in measuring fatigue is also included in illustrating examples on fatigue
    assessment in vivo.
  11. Hazura Haroon, Siti Sarah Khalid
    MyJurnal
    This paper provides a qualitative overview of different Optical Fiber Sensors (OFS),
    which play important role in the field of sensors due to their excellent
    characteristics, spontaneous response and easy handling system. The current
    state of the art of optical fiber technology is reviewed, namely based on its main
    characteristics and sensing advantages. In addition, the working principle of OFS
    and their applications are discussed, particularly for sensor employment.
  12. Mohamed, F., Jamil, M., Zain, M. F. M.
    MyJurnal
    – Today, the new valuation of sustainable materials in light of their ability to fulfill the
    requirements of sustainable development has raised the bar. The economic growth will result in
    increased material throughput as well as solid and hazardous waste generation. Understanding the
    life-cycle of materials management and monitoring materials consumption trends will provide the
    information in determination of how we can satisfy our materials needs at acceptable economic and
    environmental costs to assist both regionally and globally. This paper reviews the challenges for
    sustainable development from material aspect and the future prospect of the utilization of sustainable
    materials in construction industry. Policy designs together with steering mechanisms are required to
    facilitate and support further mainstream sustainability transitions. Besides the price system,
    regulatory framework and technical information, human mindsets must work together to enable and
    encourage life-cycle of materials management. Further research and development will not only provide
    innovative solutions to existing problems but will in particular offer new opportunities through the
    development of innovative materials to improve the quality of life.
  13. Mohammed Sulaiman, Daniel Andrawus Zhigila, Kabiru Mohammed, Danladi Mohammed Umar, Babale Aliyu, Fazilah Abd Manan
    MyJurnal
    Historically, there is evidence to suggest that communities in the developing countries
    are still using plant-based materials as one of the strategies for purifying drinking
    water. In this review, the coagulant properties of Moringa oleifera seeds extract were
    quantitatively evaluated toward suitable wastewater treatment and examining its
    coagulation mechanism. The seeds are rich in bio-active components and also used as
    a natural coagulant for effective water treatment. The seeds extract operates
    predominantly by bridging coagulation mechanism and operates through charge
    neutralization. This natural ingredient of an organic polymer is essential as it contains
    acrylamide monomers that are harmless to human’s health and lesser expensive as
    compared to conventional chemicals since they are available in most rural
    communities. The application of this readily available natural product as part of pointof-use
    in water treatment technology may offer a practical, cheap, appropriate and
    sustainable solution for producing potable water in some developing nations.
  14. Mohd Khairuddin Hashim
    MyJurnal
    Business strategy plays a key role in determining the success of organizations. In view
    of its important role, studies have attempted to investigate the approaches adopted
    by organizations to develop as well as implement their business strategy. As far as the
    approaches to business strategy are concerned, the review of past studies indicates
    that organizations tend to adopt different approaches. At the same time, questions
    have been raised as to whether these strategic approaches are relevant and applicable
    to all organizations, especially with regard to their emphasis, focus and scope. Based
    on the literature, this paper reviews the most common approaches to business
    strategy and identifies the differences in their emphasis, focus and scope.
  15. Mohd Najib Yacob, Mimi Haryani Hassim
    MyJurnal
    Issue related to safety, health and environmental has become major priority to be
    concerned of in the transportation of hazardous materials (HAZMAT) worldwide. Due
    to the high risk that entailed in the operation of HAZMAT transportation, many
    accidents in this industry have been reported which include chemicals spillage, fire
    and explosion. In order to quantify the degree of hazards and risks of these accidents,
    various assessment methods have been introduced either by the academia, the
    industry as well as the authority. The methods present various approaches for the
    assessment, ranging from a simple to highly complicated ones depending on the
    purpose of the assessment and the available resources and constraints. To date there
    is yet any study conducted to review those available methods. This paper intends to
    present a comprehensive review of the existing methods for hazards and risks
    assessment of HAZMAT transportation between years 1995-2015 which considers
    road, marine, railway, air and pipeline system. Based on careful screening of the
    abundance of methods available, 151 of them were selected – that is those
    specifically meant for hazards and risks assessment of HAZMAT transportation only.
    The methods are reviewed in terms of the types of assessment; either qualitative,
    quantitative or hybrid techniques, as well as their specific application in different
    mode of transportation. Also, statistical analysis was performed to determine the
    trend of past publications regarding on the type of journal, year of publication and
    also financial support received in the context of hazard and risk assessment of
    HAZMAT transportation.
  16. Mohd Yunos, Y.
    MyJurnal
    A summary of research on image visualization in fluid flow is presented. The review
    addresses the topics of method in image processing, the application of particle image velocimetry and
    different sensor source of tomography. One of the greatest challenges in image visualization research
    is the improvement of flow measurement for multiphase flow. As there a lot of prediction in studying
    multiphase flow, the selection of image visualization method has to be chosen carefully. The important
    part is the method to process the image which consists of parameters to be studied. The improvement
    in image visualization method is important to further applied to other area of process.
  17. Mohd Yusak, M. I., Putra Jaya, R., Hainin, M. R., Wan Ibrahim, M. H.
    MyJurnal
    Porous concrete technology has been used since 1970s in various parts of the United States
    as an option in complex drainage systems and water retention areas. Porous concrete pavements have
    become popular as an effective stormwater management device to control stormwater runoff in
    pavement. Porous concrete pavement is being used as one of the solutions to decrease the stormwater
    runoff by capturing and allowing rainwater to drain into the land surface. The main problem of porous
    concrete pavement is its strength. The objective of this paper is to review the use and performance of
    nano silica in porous concrete pavement and previous laboratory study on porous concrete pavement.
    From the literature review, it was found that the conventional porous concrete pavement does not have
    good strength for pavement purpose. An addition of nano-material will improve the physical and
    chemical properties of porous concrete pavement. To improve the strength of the porous concrete,
    various additives have been studied as a part of porous concrete mix and yet, the optimum condition to
    produce good porous concrete has still not been established. From the previous study, it was found that
    in preparing the porous concrete laboratory specimen, the use of standard Proctor hammer (2.5 kg)
    and pneumatic press (70 kPa compaction effort) resulted in the closest properties to the field porous
    concrete.
  18. Muhamad Amin Abd Wahab, Rubita Sudirman, Camallil Omar
    MyJurnal
    Offering inexpensive, widely available and safe method to evaluate the bone condition
    as a prevention step to predict bone fracture which caused by Osteoporosis disease
    makes ultrasound becomes an alternative method beside X-ray based bone
    densitometry. Conventional quantitative ultrasound (QUS) applies the analysis of
    attenuation and velocity to estimate bone health with several measurement
    techniques which analyzes different types of ultrasound waves and bones. However,
    most of the QUS results still does not match the accuracy of the Dual X-ray
    absorptiometry due to the interaction of ultrasound and bone microstructure are not
    fully exploited. The Biot’s theory has predicted that, porous medium like a cancellous
    bone supporting two types of longitudinal wave known as fast and slow wave which
    depends on the type of medium travelled. Both experiment and simulation were
    conducted to investigate the correlation of fast and slow waves individually with a
    variety of cancellous bone condition. Some of the analysis methods are based on
    conventional QUS methods. The fast and slow wave relates more to the microstructure
    of the cancellous bone compared to overall waves. In addition, overall waves had been
    proven to consist of fast and slow wave and can be separated using Bayesian methods.
    Overall waves also found to suffer artifact such as phase cancellation and negative
    dispersion that could cause confusion in analyzing the parameters of ultrasound wave
    with bone structure. In vivo application based on fast and slow wave analysis is able to
    produce results based on mass density which can be compared directly and have high
    correlation with X-ray based bone densitometry. The recent backscattered simulation
    result indicates that, fast and slow waves can be reflected inside the cancellous bone
    might offer a new method to evaluate bone especially in crucial skeletal parts.
  19. Muhammad Adil Khattak, Filzah Hazirah Jaffar, Najaa Fadhilah Mohd Nasir, Nurfarhah Ridzuan, Nurlaila Syamsul Bahri, Wan Nur Iffah Haziqah Md Zamri
    MyJurnal
    The primary objective of control rod management is to ensure the safe, reliable and
    optimum use of the nuclear fuel in the reactor, while remain within the limits imposed
    by the design of the fuel assembly and reactor w.r.t the safety analysis. In numerous
    reactors, the control rods perform the function of reactivity control, both globally and
    locally, latter also control the power distribution of the core. Most control rods are
    completely withdrawn from the core during operations and fully inserted during
    shutdown of the reactor. This are the prove of an investigative study into optimization
    of the heterogeneous control rods, the safety management of an additional safety rod,
    and control rod drop hydrodynamic analysis which will be able to provide an efficient
    and maximum safety procedure for emergency shut down system in the reactor. It is
    also will be very important safety features of the reactor. To design the additional
    safety rod at the inner irradiation sites with boron carbide (absorber material) and
    stainless steel (clad) and also to design a simple heterogeneous control rod design to
    analyse the effects of geometry self-shielding, the Monte Carlo Neutron Particle Code,
    version 5 (MCNP5) was used. By simulating the unsteady flow field around the control
    rod, the hydrodynamic analysis of the control rod can be analysed. A correlation based
    on the achieved data was proposed to provide useful information on the safety
    management during the research.
  20. Muhammad Adil Khattak, Muhammad Zulhelmi Mahadi, Nurlaila Syamsul Bahri, Hor, Yen Tiu, Khairulnadzmi Jamaluddin, Muhammad Faiz Farhan Noorizhab, et al.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this review paper is to summarize the current state of understanding
    on a topic ‘Nuclear spent fuel storage and facilities’. This review paper surveys and
    summarizes previously published studies, rather than reporting new facts or analysis.
    It is importance to case study this issue since the number of spent fuel are increasing
    in which a typical nuclear power plant in a year generates almost 20 metric tons of
    used nuclear fuel. In which the nuclear industry generates a total of about 2,000 - 2,300
    metric tons of used fuel per year and for the last 40 years produced 76,430 metric tons
    of nuclear spent fuel. Future understanding and attention need to be accomplished
    since spent fuel can cause harm due to its high radioactive level and also the ability to
    reprocess the fuel to be used as MOX fuel.
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