Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 75 in total

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  1. Zuraini Din, Khadijah Murni Ismail, Nik Nor Asima Ariffin
    MyJurnal
    In the oil and gas industry, pipeline is the major transportation medium to deliver the products. According to [1] containment of pipeline loss to indicate that corrosion has been found to be the most predominant cause for failures of buried metal pipes. MIC has been identified as one of the major causes of underground pipeline corrosion failure and Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) are the main reason causing MIC, by accelerating corrosion rate. The objectives of this study is to study the SRB growth, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 7757 due to pH and determine the optimum value controlling the bacteria growth on the internal pipe of carbon steel grade API X70. The result shows that the optimum SRB growth is at range pH 5-5 to 6.5 and the exposure time of 7 to 14 days. At pH 6.5 the maximum corrosion rate is 1.056 mm/year. Corrosion phenomena on carbon steel in the study proven had influence by pH and time. From this result pitting corrosion strongly attack at carbon steel pipe. In the future project, it is recommended to study the effect of different pipe location for example the pipeline under seawater.
  2. Zarinah Zaini, Tuty Kamis, Faudzi Muhammad
    MyJurnal
    Sustainability is a worldwide objective in balancing the gradual rise of human requirements and the decay of resources. In further aspect, the conceptual paper studies the sustainability performance of new techniques to control sewage contamination in order to prevent foul odors into the habitable space from drainage network, which is important for the healthiness and comfort of living environment. Waste drain pipe is a prominent facility in service engineering development and it is essential in regulating sewage contamination that is commonly obstructed by ungoverned disposal of debris by domestics and commercial buildings. This act is common and consistent in arising disturbance causing the failure of sewage management. This research emphasizes on the innovative establishment of a new controlling method upon sewage contamination known as Black Air Gun (BAG); this indicator is operated based on Perceived Sustainability Performance Indicators (PSPI). This indicator functions to evaluate the impact of BAG upon sewage contamination control. Furthermore, PSPI can acknowledge the sustainability issue of BAG usage in sewage management as a basis for evaluating the impact of BAG towards sewage contamination control. Adopting PSPI in this study will effectively provide a sustainable establishment attained for improvement of people’s quality of life in long term aspects.
  3. Win, Lai Lai, Faieza Abdul Aziz, Abdul Aziz Hairuddin, Lili Nurliyana Abdullah, Jen, Yap Hwa, Saito, Hideo, et al.
    MyJurnal
    Education needs to change working life in order to improve and ensure the latest technology has been adopted to cater the new era of industrial revolution. To reach this, a technological-oriented education is required for students. In this section, Virtual Reality (VR) technology is useful to get empirical experience in tertiary education. Moreover, virtual world provides a hazard-free and explorative learning experience. This paper reviews the application of VR in engineering education. This work also covers the usage of VR application which begins with the history of VR application, reasons of VR in education, key elements for immersive VR collaboration, and types of VR systems. The input / output devices which involved in VR systems were also discussed. This paper also reviews VR systems classification and usage of VR in education systems. VR in design application was finally reviewed followed by the advantages and disadvantages of VR systems and VR hardware. The last section provides future trends and conclusion.
  4. Wan Nor Shela Ezwane Wan Jusoh, Md Razak Daud
    MyJurnal
    Energy consumption is an important part of life today because without the power a work cannot be done. The energy used today will be lost or waste without renewable energy or power recycle back. In reality, energy use has always had a noticeable impact on the environment. Overconsumption of energy is the main trigger for the global warming that is now threatening to cause devastation in many areas of the world. Each year, electricity consumption in Malaysia is always an increase. This can contribute to the occurrence of global warming. This project will be designed for renewable energy or recycle power to avoid waste of energy from lost. Also, this project consider regarding the Green Technology without polluting the environment. The objective is to develop a prototype or hardware that aims to renewable energy using the 12V DC Motor as a generator which is use rear shaft of table fan as a medium to drive the 12V DC Motor and also to analyze the power consumption of table fan before and after install with hardware. The methods used to design the connector and DC motor holder is using a solidwork software, then construct the circuit simulation using a proteus software and also use a microcontroller PIC16F877A as a controller. The result obtained from the testing and experiments by integrating the hardware part, electrical part and software part. Finally, with the development of a power recycling prototype for renewable energy using DC Motor application, the wasted energy can be reused from conversion to other energy and energy can be used as renewable energy.
  5. Tevan, R., Govindaraju, Mugilan, Jayakumar, Saravanan, Govindan, Natanamurugaraj, Mohd Hasbi Ab. Rahim, Maniam, Gaanty Pragas, et al.
    MyJurnal
    A biological method was employed to synthesize silver nanoparticles through marine diatom Amphora sp. Antimicrobial efficacy test against different pathogenic bacteria were performed through synthesized silver nanoparticles. The physio-chemical properties of synthesized silver nanoparticles were studied using analytical techniques such as UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), EnergyDispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD). UV-Vis color intensity study and higher magnification of the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy image showed the synthesized silver nanoparticles were rod shaped with a size range from 42 nm to 46 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial activities in varying magnitudes. About 10 mg/ml of silver nanoparticles were able to inhibit the growth of gram-negative bacteria while gram-positive bacteria were resistant towards similar concentrations of silver nanoparticles.
  6. Tevan, R., Jayakumar, Saravanan, Mohd Hasbi Ab. Rahim, Maniam, Gaaty Pragas, Govindan, Natanamurugaraj
    MyJurnal
    The world is facing a problem regarding the use of petroleum fuels that has led to a search for a suitable alternative fuel source. Researchers have come up with the idea of producing biofuel to overcome this problem. In this study, microalgae were explored as a high potential feedstock to produce biofuel. In order to produce a large quantity of biofuel with low cost at a short time, the manipulation of nutrients is a factor in microalgae cultivation. In this study, Iron (II) Chloride (FeCl2) was added to the nutrients to initiate a stressful condition during growth which contributes to the produce of lipid. Isolated microalgae species were identified as Scenedesmus sp. During mass cultivation, the microalgae cultures were scaled up to 2 L of culture. Three flasks of microalgae culture were labelled with S1, S2, and S3. Flask S1 acts as a control without the addition of FeCl2, while another two flasks acted as experimental flasks. Flask S2 was supplemented with 0.5 mg FeCl2 while Flask S3 was supplemented with 1.0 mg of FeCl2. With the addition of Iron (II) Chloride, microalgae entered a stationary phase at day 9 and day 10 as compared to the control flask which enters the stationary phase at day 7. This also affects the dry weight. Flask 3 produces 0.8658 g of microalgae powder compared to Flask 1 and 2 which produced 0.4649 g and 0.5357 g respectively. Lipid analysis was done by using GCMS and GCFID. Flask 3 produced various types of fatty acids which can be used for biodiesel production compared to other cultivates. In Flask 1, docosanoic acid which is a saturated fatty acid was detected. While in Flask 2 (S2), with the addition of 0.5 mg of FeCl2, docosapentaenoic acid was produced. In the last flask which involved the addition of 1.0 mg of FeCl2, more fatty acid was detected. In GC-FID data, 6 types of fatty acids were detected. Linolein acid, linolenic acid, stearidonic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and docosanoic acid were produced at different retention times. Most of the fatty acids produced are polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). In transesterification, the fatty acid reacts with methanol and acid catalyst. The reaction produces fatty acid methyl ester. In Flask 1, the control flask, without the addition of FeCl2, no fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was produced. However, in Flask 2 and 3 which were added 0.5 mg FeCl2 and 1.0 mg FeCl2, n-hexadecanoic acid methyl ester which is also known as palmitic acid was produced. Palmitic fatty acid can be used for biodiesel production.
  7. Syaiful Nizam Bin Ab Rahim, Mohd Zaniel Bin Mahadzir, Nik Ahmad Faris Bin Nik Abdullah, Mohd Amri Bin Lajis
    MyJurnal
    A method for recycling aluminium alloy chips by hot extrusion was studied as well as the possibility of using to recycle aluminium chips. As a result, according to an ANOVA analysis, preheat temperature is the most significant factor influencing the response variables investigated. Preheat temperature and the quadratic effect of factor preheat temperature provided a primary contribution to the responses investigated. Additionally, factor preheat time did not provide a significant contributing factor to the Ultimate Tensile Strenght. This developed the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model for ER12, which can now be used for analysis and predicting the Ultimate Tensile Strenght for recycling aluminium chip using the hot extrusion process. The Miscellaneous Design and Response Surface Methodology enabled the determination of optimal operating conditions for obtaining hot extrusion production. The optimization of the analyzed responses demonstrated that the best results for hot extrusion process parameter. It reveals the empirical models developed were reasonably accurate, particularly for UTS at 550°C temperature and 3 hours preheating time. All the actual values for the confirmation run are within the 95% prediction interval.
  8. Sulaiman, N.A., Ramly, N.Z., Mahadi, N.M.
    MyJurnal
    Protease is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of peptide bond in polypeptide chain and hold a wide range of applications in industry. The aim of this study is to clone and to express several genes encoding proteases from alkalitolerant bacteria Bacillus lehensis strain G1. A total of 13 genes encoding proteases have been selected using bioinformatics approach. These genes were then amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Subsequently, the PCR product was cloned into cloning vector pGEM®T easy and transformed into competent cell E. coli DH5α. The transformants were further verified by sequencing. The positive cloned were subcloned into the expression vector and were then expressed in Luria Bertani medium in the present of IPTG using E. coli BL21. The expressions of recombinant proteases were optimized for several hours at different temperatures, 16-37°C. Furthermore, structural prediction was performed using Modeller v9.18 for BleG1_1940. Each generated model was verified for overall completeness and bias, using PROCHECK, ERRAT, and Verify 3D. The overall quality of the model was relatively good with percentage of Ramachandran plot is 96.3%, PROCHECK is 86.2% and ERRAT score is 95%,.
  9. Sujaul, M.I., Salah, M.G., Arafat, M.Y., Abdulsyukor, R., Idris, A.
    MyJurnal
    Surface water is a quick impact of pollution because of their easy accessibility for disposal of wastewater. Natural processes and industrial activities determine the quality of surface water in a region. The study was done to evaluate the surface water quality of Gebeng industrial estate, Pahang, Malaysia. Ten stations were established along the Tunggak and Balok River to collect water samples. The data were calculated according to Water Quality Index which obtained by Department of Environment (WQI-DOE) and categorized to compare with National Water Quality Standard Malaysia (NWQS). Water quality of Gebeng was classified based on WQI Malaysia as class III (51.9 – 76.5), and IV (< 51.9) which are slightly polluted and polluted due to low levels of DO and pH, and high levels of AN, BOD, COD, and TSS. It is clear that stations IZ2, IZ3, HA1, HA2, DS are received the largest pollutants discharged from the industrial sector. Generally, the results of this study will be very useful for policy maker and future studies to control and management of pollution in the study area.
  10. Siti Maryam Binti Zainol
    MyJurnal
    This research presents an improved and more effective approach for data acquisition of recirculation aquaculture system (RAS). The previous research, the system uses manual methods to take the important data from RAS and it wastes the time and also gets late response from the fish farmer if the data is not in the good condition. As a result, fog computing technology is applied to overcome all these problems and acts as advance data acquisition system to keep data safely by sharing the processed data in fog computing for every tanks and analyze the data to make an accurate control/decision in the real time. Besides, open source technology plus embedded system based will be integrated for this research because its benefits such as small size, low cost, light weight, portable, high efficiency and low power consumption. This research has achieved the objectives which are design a data collecting system for RAS, design a data processing system using fog computing and integrate, test and validate automatic data collection and processing strategy for recirculation aquaculture system (RAS). The data collecting system for RAS, RaspDAQ is developed by connecting Raspberry Pi 3 to temperature sensor (LM35DT) using analogue digital converter (ADC) MCP3002, water level sensor (HC-SR04), Rpi camera module, LEDs and buzzer. Software and program are built using Python and Apache server to run every functions of RaspDAQ. While third Raspberry Pi 3 is setup as data processing system, RaspFog using PHP, Apache and MySQL server. Both RaspDAQ and RaspFog are based on Raspbian operating system. After that, RaspDAQ1 and RaspDAQ2 are connected to RaspFog using WiFi technology to send sensors data in real time. The received data are stored and plotted using Highcharts.com graph. The data collecting system, RaspDAQ and data server and processor, RaspFog has been tested and validated. At the same time, users can see the graph output in the real time for temperature, water level sensor and real condition using Rpi camera module of RaspDAQ1 and RaspDAQ2 by browsing RaspFog website. From the observation, data has been transferred from RaspDAQ to RaspFog in a short duration which is less than 15 seconds. Consequently, the efficiency of data acquisition process has been improved from manual system to fog computing technology successfully.
  11. Siti Hawa Binti Aziz, Zuliana Bt Abdul Mutalib
    MyJurnal
    The problem of constructing such a continuous function is called data fitting. Many times, data given only at discrete points. With interpolation, we seek a function that allows us to approximate f(x) such that functional values between the original data set values may be determined. The process of finding such a polynomial is called interpolation and one of the most important approaches used are Lagrange interpolating formula. In this study, researcher determining the polynomial interpolation by using Lagrange interpolating formula. Then, a mathematical modelling was built by using MATLAB programming to determine the polynomial interpolation for a given points using the Lagrange method. The result of the study showed that the manual calculating and the MATLAB mathematical modelling will give the same answer for evaluated x and graph.
  12. Sharuddin Mohd Dahuri, Nor Hakimah Ahmad Subri, Norashady Mohd Noor
    MyJurnal
    his paper presents the structure and static model of engine camshaft analysis. For the purposes of this analysis, the finite element method is used. Camshaft is one of the critical components for effective and precise work of internal combustion engines. This camshaft rotates at high speed causing pressure and vibration in the system. Camshafts are also subject to varying fatigue burden due to cam plunger contact. These precise values are required to be determined to prevent failure in the camshaft. The objective of the project is to model and to perform pressure analysis on the camshaft machine. In this project the standard engine cam shafts are modeled and analyzed using the CATIA V5R21 software respectively. This model is created by the basic requirements of the engine. It is done with an existing background, such as the power of acting on cam by means of a valve while running at maxi mum speed. Here the approach becomes fully CAE based. CAE - based approaches enrich Research and limit the time span. A study was conducted to predict the behavior of the different camshafts structure of the material using the finite three - dimensional pressure of the element. Four types of materials such as Steel, Titanium, Aluminum and Magnesium are taken into account. FEA Stress and maximum displacement decisions are calculated and compared to all of the above materials. The conclusion is to focus on the material suitable for the camshaft to reduce the maximum displacement and weight. Titanium materials become the best material for camshaft manufacturing based on analysis.
  13. Shaliza Mohd Shariff, Norazmi Shahlal, Suhana Japar, Asma Ahmad Sharif
    MyJurnal
    Several foot deformities have been identified in Malaysian women due to wearing shoes which do not fit the size and shape of their feet. Hallux valgus (bunions), corn, cellules and ingrown toenail are among the common deformities experienced by Malaysian women. The root of this issue is that the Malaysian footwear market has adopted foreign shoe size standards such as those from the US and UK. This means that Malaysian women face difficulties in obtaining correctly-sized shoes. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop and propose a standard shoe sizing system for women in Malaysia based on anthropometric measurements of Malaysian women’s foot sizes and shapes. Women from Malaysia’s primary ethnic groups (Malay, Chinese, and Indian) aged 20 to 60 years old participated in this project, where the anthropometric measurements for their foot size and shapes were obtained using a 3D foot scanner. Regression analysis in the form of Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was performed to determine the association between a few attributes including foot measurements and the existence of the foot deformities. Foot length and Ball girth circumference have significant association with the foot deformities (FL: p = .028 and BG: p = .045). The new standard shoe sizing system has been developed ith more accurate sizes and shapes, it is hoped that the foot deformities problem could be solved or at least reduced the foot pain.
  14. Shaari AR, Mohd Jani MN, Mohamed Yunus AS
    MyJurnal
    Wheelchair has been an important assistive device and the demand are ever rising because of the increasing physically handicapped and old age populations. The recent development in the robotics artificial intelligence extends vast scope for developing the more advanced and intelligent one to overcome limitations of the existing traditional wheelchairs. The prototype smart wheelchair were present on this paper using hardware implementation with the help of simple hand gesture which is comprises of an accelerometer mounted on the hand glove senses the tilt angle of the user hand movements and transmits control signal to the receiver mounted on wheelchair. This will interpret the movement accordingly required by user. The wheelchair control unit is developed by integration of ATMEGA328 microcontroller with Arduino UNO. The wheelchair is developed to allow peoples to move safely and put reliability in accomplishment of some important tasks in daily life.
  15. Sasmita, Andrew Octavian, Ling, Anna Pick Kiong
    MyJurnal
    Mesona palustris, colloquially known as ‘Black Cincau’, can commonly be found in East and South East Asian regions. Traditionally, M. palustris extracts have been used as herbal drinks to promote vitality and health. With advancements in technology, M. palustris may now be processed into more nutraceutical options, including edible jellies. Studies have also come up with efficient extraction processes to better characterize its chemical constituents. Containing phenolic compounds like flavonoid and tannins, M. palustris has recently been reported to yield many exciting pre-clinical observations that are comparable to bioactive metabolites found in plants from the same genus, including Mesona procumbens and Mesona chinensis, alongside unrelated herbaceous plant species which have been utilized as natural remedy options. Thus, this review discusses the recently observed pre-clinical applications of M. palustris by highlighting its ability in promoting antidiabetic, anticancer, and antihypertensive properties, which are closely tied to its antioxidative nature. Given the developing nature of M. palustris utilization in pre-clinical and possibly clinical research, more thorough characterization, pharmacological, and molecular studies should be conducted not only to avoid adverse risks or derogatory interactions with existing drugs, but also to properly direct its use as a nutraceutical agent for specific indications.
  16. Saif Muttair, D., Nor Hazlyna, H., Mohamad Ghozali, H.
    MyJurnal
    System Analysis and Design (SAD) is one of the core courses offered in Bachelor’s degree programme in Information Technology. However, it is observed that students are not grasping the details of the lessons, and this is affecting their employability and the productivity value in the software development chain. This experience is linked to the presently-used teaching method. In this regard, blended learning model, which improves students’ learning experience and reduces underachievement in computer science, is suggested. This study therefore aims to identify the effects of the identified success factors on academic success of SAD. To achieve these objectives, a quantitative research method was employed, involving administration of survey instruments distributed to 151 students, who took SAD as a course in UUM, using simple random sampling, and data collected were analysed with correlation and regression techniques. The study found that students’ attitude, students’ technology usage level, students’ access to technology, students’ courseware, curriculum, learning system interface quality, lecture quality, and e-learning system comprehensiveness positively influence students’ academic success in SAD.
  17. Safpbri Johari, Muhammad Abdul Jalil, Shaifol Ifrad Ibrahim, Mohd Nazry Mohammad, Norhafiza Hassan
    MyJurnal
    Recently, the industry and academia there is significant activity in research and development towards the next generation micro and Pico cellular wireless Networks (5th generation). This paper presents, a structure design of microstrip patch antenna array operate at the central frequency of 28 GHz waveband is proposed. The patch antenna array consists of four elements with rectangular patch and uniform distribution. It has a compact size of 26.51 x 20.37 mm with operating frequency at 28 GHz. The inset feed technique is used for the matching between radiating patch and the 50Ω microstrip feedline. The proposed 2x2 antenna array successfully improve the antenna gain up to 8.393dB compare to existing CRLH TL CPW antenna with 2.99 dB, wideband antenna with 7.1 dB and 3.7 dB for broadband elliptical-shaped slot antenna. As a conclusion, the directivity of 10.13 db and efficiency is higher than 80% considered as a potential candidate for the 5G wireless networks and applications.
  18. Ros Syazmini Mohd Ghani, Razak Wahab, Noor Maisarah Che Musthafa, Nasihah Mokhtar, Mohamad Saiful Sulaiman, Lee, Man Djun
    MyJurnal
    The study was carried out to determine the physical and mechanical properties of composite lumber made from cassava (Mahinot esculenta Crantz) and bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) in different ratios which is 100% cassava with 0% bamboo, 75% cassava with 25% bamboo, 50% cassava with 50% bamboo, 25% cassava with 75% bamboo and 0% cassava with 100% bamboo. The tests samples for determining the strength properties were divided into two categories namely mechanical testing and physical testing. Basic density of the samples was carried out for physical testing. The lowest basic density was in samples with 100% cassava which is 0.49 g/cm3 and highest in samples with 100% bamboo which is 0.68 g/cm3. Two tests for the mechanical testing are bending test and compression test. In bending test, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) were both highest for samples with 100% bamboo which the reading of MOE was 16794.03 N/mm2 and 122.52 N/mm2 for MOR. Similar to the bending test, compression test is the highest for the samples with 100% bamboo which are 65.58 N/mm2. From statistical analysis, the basic density, static bending can compression strength give significant value at 95% confidence interval.
  19. Ricky Anak Kemarau, Oliver Valentine Eboy
    MyJurnal
    The location of Sarawak State in the equatorial region makes it an area of high rainfall. For this reason, hydroelectric power plants have been built in several catchments in Sarawak, especially in the Kapit area. This needs to be harnessed to improve the economy and social living standards of the people of Sarawak in particular. This paper presents the land cover change by analyzing the stratification change for 30 years (1985-2018) at Bakun Dam, Sarawak. This study uses Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellite data. Both data have to go through pre-processing such as geometric, radiometric, and atmospheric corrections. In this study, Normalized Water Difference Index (NDWI) is used to classify water areas, built human areas, and vegetation areas. Overlay analysis was applied to identify areas that had changed over the 30 years in the study area. The results showed the greatest changes from vegetation areas to water bodies for 30 years. The results showed that the most affected land cover was forest cover with a reduction of 740 km², which shifted mainly to water bodies with 669.9 km² and human development with an area of 68.7 km². The study area is less populated and anthropogenic influences are rather low, but deforestation is observed in the upper river basin. These events would change the hydrological behavior of these catchments in the future. Land cover mapping is very important to provide information to those responsible for planning sustainable development. In addition, land cover maps are important for land use planning and land use regulation to avoid land-use conflicts.
  20. Rajamanickam, Segar, Rasappan, Rasammal, Noazri Bin Bakhari
    MyJurnal
    In this research, study on mutual coupling of aperture coupled cylindrical DRA and its influence on return loss, radiation pattern including the directivity, gain and bandwidth was computed and illustrated. The DRA was excited by a micro strip line with aperture coupled slots where the slot locations were calculated using the characteristic of standing wave ratio over a short ended micro strips. Small dielectric resonator antenna was designed using high permittivity dielectric material with permittivity the substrate of 3.38. The diameter of the dielectric resonator is 12mm with the height of 4.2mm. The element spacing that been investigated for the effect of mutual coupling was at 0.5λ, 0.75λ and 1λ with maximum of four DRA been used. The final result shows the effect of mutual coupling is decreased with three DRA element with the gain measured at 5.948GHz frequency is about 8.619dB with high directivity measured at 11.4dBi. This shows that the proposed DRA with three 1λ spacing DRA elements exhibits an enhancement of the gain and directivity in comparison with a single pellet DRA. Hence, by increasing the level of isolation between the two identical DRAs to 1λ it actually helps electromagnetic interaction to attract and further increase the directivity and effective area.
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