Among enteric pathogens, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is responsible for the largest number of food-borne outbreaks and fatalities. The ability of the pathogen to cause systemic infection for extended durations leads to a high cost of disease control. Chronic carriers play important roles in the evolution of Salmonella Typhi; therefore, identification and in-depth characterization of isolates from clinical cases and carriers, especially those from zones of endemicity where the pathogen has not been extensively studied, are necessary. Here, we describe the genome sequence of the highly virulent Salmonella Typhi strain BL196/05 isolated during the outbreak of typhoid in Kelantan, Malaysia, in 2005. The whole-genome sequence and comparative genomics of this strain should enable us to understand the virulence mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics of this pathogen in Malaysia and elsewhere.
A gene (cbm71) encoding a 71,128-Da mosquitocidal protein (Cbm71) was obtained by screening a size-fractionated XbaI digest of total genomic DNA from Clostridium bifermentans subsp. malaysia CH18 with two gene-specific oligonucleotide probes. The sequence of the Cbm71 protein, as deduced from the sequence of cbm71, corresponds to that of the 66-kDa protein previously described as one of the mosquitocidal components of C. bifermentans subsp. malaysia. Cbm71 shows limited similarities with Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins, especially in the four first conserved blocks. However, Cbm71 was not immunologically related to any of the Cry toxins and thus belongs to a novel class of mosquitocidal protein. The cbm71 gene was expressed in a nontoxic strain of B. thuringiensis, and Cbm71 was produced during sporulation and secreted to the supernatant of culture. Trichloroacetic-precipitated supernatant preparations were toxic for mosquito larvae of the species Aedes aegypti, Culex pipiens, and Anopheles stephensi.
Enterococcus sp. strain C1 is a facultative anaerobe which was coisolated with Citrobacter sp. strain A1 from a sewage oxidation pond. Strain C1 could degrade azo dyes very efficiently via azo reduction and desulfonation in a microaerophilic environment. Here the draft genome sequence of Enterococcus sp. C1 is reported.
Citrobacter sp. strain A1, isolated from a sewage oxidation pond, is a facultative aerobe and mesophilic dye-degrading bacterium. This organism degrades azo dyes efficiently via azo reduction and desulfonation, followed by the successive biotransformation of dye intermediates under an aerobic environment. Here we report the draft genome sequence of Citrobacter sp. A1.
Type II (proteic) toxin-antitoxin systems (TAS) are ubiquitous among bacteria. In the chromosome of the pathogenic bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, there are at least eight putative TAS, one of them being the yefM-yoeB(Spn) operon studied here. Through footprinting analyses, we showed that purified YefM(Spn) antitoxin and the YefM-YoeB(Spn) TA protein complex bind to a palindrome sequence encompassing the -35 region of the main promoter (P(yefM2)) of the operon. Thus, the locus appeared to be negatively autoregulated with respect to P(yefM2), since YefM(Spn) behaved as a weak repressor with YoeB(Spn) as a corepressor. Interestingly, a BOX element, composed of a single copy (each) of the boxA and boxC subelements, was found upstream of promoter P(yefM2). BOX sequences are pneumococcal, perhaps mobile, genetic elements that have been associated with bacterial processes such as phase variation, virulence regulation, and genetic competence. In the yefM-yoeB(Spn) locus, the boxAC element provided an additional weak promoter, P(yefM1), upstream of P(yefM2) which was not regulated by the TA proteins. In addition, transcriptional fusions with a lacZ reporter gene showed that P(yefM1) was constitutive albeit weaker than P(yefM2). Intriguingly, the coupling of the boxAC element to P(yefM1) and yefM(Spn) in cis (but not in trans) led to transcriptional activation, indicating that the regulation of the yefM-yoeB(Spn) locus differs somewhat from that of other TA loci and may involve as yet unidentified elements. Conservation of the boxAC sequences in all available sequenced genomes of S. pneumoniae which contained the yefM-yoeB(Spn) locus suggested that its presence may provide a selective advantage to the bacterium.
Aeromonas is a pathogenic organism that is often found to infect humans. Here we report the draft genome of a clinical isolate in Malaysia, Aeromonas sp. strain 159, which shows N-acylhomoserine lactone production. In the draft genome of strain 159, luxI and luxR homologue genes were found to be located at contig 47, and these genes are believed to be important for the quorum-sensing system present in this pathogen.
Dyella japonica strain A8 is a Malaysian tropical soil bacterial strain which shows N-acylhomoserine lactone-degrading activity. Here, we present its draft genome sequence. A putative quorum-quenching gene was identified based on the genome sequence analysis of strain A8. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first genome announcement of a member from the genus of Dyella, and this is also the first work that reports the quorum-quenching activity of Dyella japonica.
Roseomonas sp. strain B5 was isolated from Malaysian tropical soil that showed N-acylhomoserine lactone degradation. This is the first genome announcement of a member from the genus of Roseomonas and the first report on the quorum-quenching activity of Roseomonas spp.
Here we present the draft genome of Pseudomonas mendocina strain S5.2, possessing tolerance to a high concentration of copper. In addition to being copper resistant, the genome of P. mendocina strain S5.2 contains a number of heavy-metal-resistant genes known to confer resistance to multiple heavy-metal ions.
We report the draft genome sequence of Staphylococcus sp. strain AL1, which degrades quorum-sensing molecules (namely, N-acyl homoserine lactones). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documentation that reports the whole genome sequence and quorum-quenching activity of Staphylococcus sp. strain AL1.
Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapid-growing species of nontuberculous mycobacteria that is frequently associated with opportunistic infections in humans. We report herein the draft genome sequence of M. abscessus strain M93.
Mycobacterium abscessus is a species of rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria that is frequently associated with opportunistic infections in humans. Here, we report the annotated genome sequence of M. abscessus strain M94, which showed an unusual cluster of tRNAs.
Mycobacterium massiliense has recently been proposed as a member of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii comb. nov. Strain M154, a clinical isolate from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of a Malaysian patient presenting with lower respiratory tract infection, was subjected to shotgun DNA sequencing with the Illumina sequencing technology to obtain whole-genome sequence data for comparison with other genetically related strains within the M. abscessus species complex.
The genome of Mycobacterium massiliense M172, isolated from a human sputum sample, was sequenced using Illumina GA IIX technology and found to contain 5,204,460 bp, including putative genes for virulence and antibiotic resistance as well as a 92-kb genomic region most likely to correspond to a mycobacteriophage.
Methylobacterium sp. strain GXF4 is an isolate from grapevine. Here we present the sequence, assembly, and annotation of its genome, which may shed light on its role as a grapevine xylem inhabitant. To our knowledge, this is the first genome announcement of a plant xylem-associated strain of the genus Methylobacterium.
Enterobacter sp. strain SST3 is an endophytic bacterium isolated from Saccharum spp. Here we present its annotated draft genome that may shed light on its role as a bacterial endophyte of sugarcane. To our knowledge, this is the first genome announcement of a sugarcane-associated bacterium from the genus Enterobacter.
Acinetobacter baumannii is a major cause of nosocomial infection worldwide. We report the draft genome sequence of A. baumannii AC12, a multidrug-resistant nosocomial strain with additional resistance to carbapenems and polymyxin. The genome data will provide insights into the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance and its adaptive mechanism.
Hydrogenophaga sp. strain PBC is an effective degrader of 4-aminobenzenesulfonate isolated from textile wastewater. Here we present the assembly and annotation of its genome, which may provide further insights into its metabolic potential. This is the first announcement of the draft genome sequence of a strain from the genus Hydrogenophaga.
Ralstonia sp. strain PBA was isolated from textile wastewater in a coculture with Hydrogenophaga sp. strain PBC. Here we present the assembly and annotation of its genome, which may provide further insights into the mechanism of its interaction with strain PBC during 4-aminobenzenesulfonate degradation.