Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 52 in total

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  1. Leong, Z.P., Watanabe, M., Lim, M.L.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2015;27(1):27-30.
    MyJurnal
    A 4-year-old, male local dog was referred to University Veterinary Hospital-Universiti Putra Malaysia (UVH-UPM) due to
    dyspnoea and ascites. Full diagnostic investigations inclusive of blood haematology, serum biochemistry, blood smear examinations
    for haemopathogens, heartworm antigen test, thoracic and abdominal radiography and echocardiography were conducted. A
    diagnosis of severe heartworm disease was made from the positive heartworm antigen test, the presence of heartworms on
    echocardiography and the accompanying advanced clinical findings. This was the first case of right-sided heart failure due to severe
    heartworm disease with concurrent pulmonary hypertension diagnosed in UVH-UPM from which the moribund dog was
    successfully stabilised during hospitalisation.
  2. Phoon, M.H.E., Khor, K.H., Lau, S.F., Saw, M.H.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2015;27(1):20-23.
    MyJurnal
    A 6-year-old intact Persian cat was presented for the primary complaint of inappetence and weight loss. Irregular surface of
    kidneys was palpated during physical examination. Abdominal radiograph findings were indicative of renomegaly. Ultrasonography
    revealed multiple anaechoic structures within the renal parenchyma. The cortex, medulla and renal pelvis were unable to be
    differentiated. Both radiographic and ultrasonographic findings were suggestive of polycystic kidney disease. Blood test revealed
    normochromic, normocytic anaemia with azotaemia whereas urinalysis findings were hypostenuria and proteinuria, consistent of
    chronic kidney disease due to polycystic kidney. Ultrasound is a useful antemortem diagnostic tool to diagnose polycystic kidney
    disease in cats.
  3. Lim, M.L., Ismail, S.S., Rahman, N., Watanabe, M.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2015;27(1):24-26.
    MyJurnal
    Melioidosis is a zoonotic disease as a result of infection by Burkholderia pseudomallei. It is of significant public health
    concern due to its ubiquitous nature with high morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. In cats, the disease is usually reported
    with abscess formation in lung, liver and spleen, however, isolated articular melioidosis is rare. A 1-year-old, a female Domestic
    Shorthair cat was presented to University Veterinary Hospital, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UVH-UPM) with swollen right elbow and
    non weight bearing lameness of the right forelimb. Physical examination revealed pyrexia, soft tissue swelling and pain upon
    palpation of the right elbow joint. Radiographs of the right forelimb revealed osteolysis at the distal third of the humerus and
    proximal radius and ulna, cortical thinning at the olecranon and soft tissue swelling around the elbow joint. Bacterial culture of the
    joint fluid revealed positive growth for Burkholderia pseudomallei. Unfortunately, the owner opted to euthanise the cat citing
    personal reasons. Upon necropsy, there was presence of multiple caseous nodules within the right elbow joint cavity only and none
    of the other limbs, lung, spleen and liver was affected. It is important for veterinarian to be aware of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis
    form of melioidosis.
  4. Sahabi, K., Noordin, M.M., Sharma, R.S.K., Dhaliwal, G.K., Selvarajah, G.T.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2015;27(1):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    Forty-eight canine mammary tumours (CMT) diagnosed at the Histopathology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
    Universiti Putra Malaysia, were reviewed retrospectively. Two control groups, one comprising all other cases involving female dogs
    and another group comprising only cases of neoplasia involving female dogs diagnosed in the laboratory over the same period of
    time were used for comparisons in this study. Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression were used to determine association between
    the factors and the risk of CMT. Thirty-nine (81.3%) of the tumours were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma, 8.3% (n=4) each, were the
    diagnoses for squamous cell carcinoma and mixed cell tumour. Adenoma had 2.1% (n=1). The prevalence of canine mammary gland
    tumours in this study is 39%. When CMT cases were compared with all other cases, significant association was observed with adult
    dogs (p = 0.032, logistic regression 0.012) and intact dogs (p = 0.009, logistic regression, 0.003). When CMT cases were compared
    with neoplasia cases, significant association was observed with pure breeds (p = 0.025) and intact dogs (p = 0.000034, logistic
    regression 0.00042). This study found that pure breed dogs, intact dogs and older dogs ( > 5years) have higher odds of having CMT
    in Malaysian dog population.
  5. Saleha, A.A., Khor, K.H., Zunita, Z., Jalila, A.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2015;27(1):7-11.
    MyJurnal
    Reptiles, which included snakes, chelonians (turtles, tortoises), iguanas and lizards, have been reported as important reservoirs
    for Salmonella. In Malaysia, reports on Salmonella in reptiles are not many. A search for works in Malaysia on salmonellae in
    reptiles found 28.0% chelonians, 27.5 - 61.0% snakes, 26.5 – 36.0% lizards and 31.0% house geckos carried Salmonella. The
    prevalence in some countries worldwide which included the United States of America, Brazil, Japan, Nigeria and few others were
    shown. The public health risk of the presence of salmonellae particularly in pet reptiles are discussed.
  6. Azlan, C.A., Cheah, E.H.C., Lam, J.L., Mohd Jefri, N., Saw, M.H., Noorshimah, R.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2015;27(1):12-15.
    MyJurnal
    An adult male Malayan box turtle was diagnosed with foreign body obstruction of fishing hook. Upon presentation, the animal
    had pale mucous membrane and fishing line protruding out from the oral cavity. Diagnosis of foreign body ingestion was based on
    plain radiograph where the fishing hook was evidenced on the lateral and ventrodorsal radiographic view. Plastron osteotomy
    surgical removal was performed after endoscopy guided forcep removal failed. Procedures were carried out under the injectable
    anesthesia using a combination of ketamine and xylazine hydrochloride. Antibiotic, anti-inflammatory and parenteral fluid therapy
    was given pre and post-surgically as medical treatment and stabilisation.
  7. Tan, W.X., Chan, S.M., Khor, K.H.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2015;27(1):16-19.
    MyJurnal
    Old intact male dogs are often predisposed to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Both hypertrophy and hyperplasia of prostate
    gland occur due to hormonal influences. Clinical signs such as haematuria, stranguria and tenesmus are often associated with benign
    prostatic hyperplasia. A seven year-old local breed intact male dog was presented with a primary complaint of haematuria and
    stranguria. Diagnostic work-up conducted inclusive of complete blood count, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, abdominal radiograph,
    cystourethrography and abdominal ultrasonography. The dog was diagnosed with cystic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostatic
    omentalisation and castration were performed in this case.
  8. Yiew, X.T., Khairuddin, N.H., Murdoch, A.I.K., Patil, P.V., Shashi Singam, R., Koay, C.P.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2015;27(2):8-11.
    MyJurnal
    A six-year-old Thoroughbred race horse was presented with left unilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge. Endoscopic examination revealed atypical mycotic lesion within the guttural pouch in which the fungal mass was not located on any neurovascular structures. This case was successfully treated by the combination of manual debulking of fungal diphtheritic plaques and medical treatment that included daily local irrigation and systemic medication. There were no complications and the horse returned to race three weeks later.
  9. Namira, N.E., Khor, K.H., M. Watanabe, Lim, M.Y.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2015;27(2):5-7.
    MyJurnal
    Oesophageal strictures associated with doxycycline therapy in cats are a rare occurrence but several cases have been reported. A 3-month-old kitten was presented to University Veterinary Hospital, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UVH-UPM) with the primary complaint of persistent vomiting. The kitten was prescribed with doxycycline two weeks prior to presentation. Regurgitation was observed during hospitalisation. Radiographs and endoscopy performed revealed findings consistent with a megaesophagus cranial to an oesophageal stricture located at the region of the second thoracic vertebrae.
  10. Khor, K.H.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2015;27(2):12-15.
    MyJurnal
    The complement cascade is a unique sequence of molecular events occurring within the vascular system in which inactive plasma proteins synthesised by the liver are activated following tissue injury (Figure ) (McGavin and Zachary, 2007). The increase permeability of blood vessels during inflammation is stimulated, at least in part, by the complement system. The complement system is a complex system of 30 serum proteins. Many early components are serine proteases that are activated sequentially to form a cascade. The complement cascade is activated through any one, or more, of four pathways: the classical, the mannan-binding lectin (MBL), the alternative and the extrinsic protease pathways (Guo and Ward, 2005; Monk et al., 2007; Ricklin and Lambris, 2007). For further information, refer (Manthey et al., 2009). (Copied from article)
  11. Hiew, M.W.H., Constable, P.D.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2015;27(2):1-4.
    MyJurnal
    Pelvimetry is the measurement of the dimensions of the pelvis, measured internally or externally, and is typically conducted with the aid of a pelvimeter. Intrapelvic dimensions, namely the intrapelvic height and width, are used to calculate pelvic area which has a moderate to high degree of heritability. Pelvic area measurements are associated with calving difficulty and have been used by producers to select for heifers to be included in their breeding herd.
  12. Leow, B.L., Syamsiah, A.S., Ong, G.H., Faizul, F.M.Y., Muhammad, R.S., Basirah, M.A., et al.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2016;28(2):17-20.
    MyJurnal
    Infected poultry meat plays an important role in the spread of Newcastle Disease (ND). In this study, an imported meat product was found to be positive for ND by both virus isolation and molecular characterization. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of the F protein cleavage site showed that the isolate was virulent as indicated by the sequence 112RRQKR116 for the Cterminus of the F2 protein and phenylanine (F) at the N-terminus of the F1 protein, residue 117. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis showed the isolate was 98% identical with China Hebei ND strain. Though the regulations for the importation of poultry meat for human consumption into Malaysia are strict, the possibility of the persistence of ND virus in imported meat is prevalent. Strict enforcement of importing regulations and screening the disease in imported poultry meat is important to ensure food safety and prevent introducing ND strain fInfected poultry meat plays an important role in the spread of Newcastle Disease (ND). In this study, an imported meat product was found to be positive for ND by both virus isolation and molecular characterization. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of the F protein cleavage site showed that the isolate was virulent as indicated by the sequence 112RRQKR116 for the Cterminus of the F2 protein and phenylanine (F) at the N-terminus of the F1 protein, residue 117. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis showed the isolate was 98% identical with China Hebei ND strain. Though the regulations for the importation of poultry meat for human consumption into Malaysia are strict, the possibility of the persistence of ND virus in imported meat is prevalent. Strict enforcement of importing regulations and screening the disease in imported poultry meat is important to ensure food safety and prevent introducing ND strain from other countries into Malaysiarom other countries into Malaysia.
  13. Tan, L.P., Thong, H.F., Lim, S.Y.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2016;28(2):21-23.
    MyJurnal
    Hyperadrenocorticism is the excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal cortex. 15-20% of hyperadrenocorticism in dogs may be due to functional adrenal tumour. Here we present a case of functional adrenal tumour in a 10 years old Shih-Tzu Poodle mixed-breed dog that was presented to University Veterinary Hospital, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Physical examination findings include multiple cutaneous myiasis, a pendulous abdomen with comedones on the ventral thoracic region and thinning of the skin. Clinical signs shown were polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia. Serum biochemistry result showed elevated alkaline phosphatase enzyme of 5 folds. Urinary specific gravity was minimally concentrated (1.015). Radiography showed generalised hepatomegaly. Meanwhile, ultrasonography showed unilateral enlargement of the right adrenal gland with mineralisation. Invasion of the right adrenal gland into the caudal vena cava was observed. A differentiation test (high-dose dexamethasone suppression test) was performed and a lack of suppression of the cortisol level was observed. Based on the appropriate clinical signs and physical examination findings, elevated alkaline phosphatase enzyme, minimally concentrated urinary specific gravity, generalised hepatomegaly, unilateral adrenal gland enlargement, and high-dose dexamethasone suppression test, a diagnosis of functional adrenal tumour was made.
  14. Dyary, H.O., Arifah, A.K., Sharma, R.S.K., Rasedee, A., Mohd Aspollah, M.S., Zakaria, Z.A., et al.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2016;28(2):4-11.
    MyJurnal
    Garcinia hombroniana has been used in Malay traditional medicine to treat various disorders such as abdominal pain and gonorrhea, and little is known about its toxicological properties. This study investigated the acute toxicological effects of the plant’s leaves aqueous extract using theoral acute toxic class (ATC) method. Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into T1, T2, T3 and control groups. The T1, T2 and T3 rats administered a single oral dose of 300, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg of G. hombroniana leaves aqueous extract, respectively.The animals were checked daily for abnormal clinical signs and mortality rate for 14 days. The body weight, daily food and water consumption were recorded. The haematological and biochemical parameters of blood as well as relative organ weight and tissues histology such as heart, kidney, liver and spleen were evaluated. Results have shown significantly decreased (p< 0.05) food and water consumption in T2 and T3 rats, which returned to normal after 72 hr post administration. No significant differences (p≥ 0.05) in the haematological and serum biochemical parameters in the treated rat groups, compared to the untreated control animals. An increase in the relative weight of spleen was noticed in T3 animals. Congestion of the splenic, hepatic, cardiac and renal tissues was seen in T2 and T3 rats. The oral LD50 was higher than 5000 mg/kg of body weight. Thus, it can be concluded that G. hombroniana aqueous extract shows little toxicity in the laboratory rats and the therapeutic potentials should be further investigated.
  15. Ng, S.Y., Saleha, A.A, Bejo, S.K., Dhaliwal, G.K.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2016;28(2):12-16.
    MyJurnal
    Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) such as multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli are important pathogens associated with nosocomial infections in both human and animal health care facilities. Surfaces of inanimate objects in health care facilities can serve as sources of infection. However, studies on prevalence of these pathogens in veterinary settings are lacking in the country. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the occurrence of A. baumannii and E. coli and the occurrence of MDR isolates on surfaces of inanimate objects in veterinary health care facilities in Klang Valley, Malaysia. In this study, swab samples were taken from 65 surfaces of inanimate objects that included door knobs, examination tables, labcoats, stethoscopes and weighing scales. The swab samples were cultured and all isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test. The study revealed that the occurrence of A. baumannii was 9.23% and 5 out of 6 (83.33%) A. baumannii isolates were classified as MDR. However, no E. coli was isolated. In conclusion, surfaces of inanimate objects can be a source of MDR A. baumannii in veterinary health care facilities that is of animal and public health concern.
  16. Nur Diana, H., Saleha, A.A., Azlan, C.M., Bejo, S.K., Zunita, Z., Fauziah, N.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2016;28(2):24-25.
    MyJurnal
    Clinically healthy pets may carry zoonotic pathogens and shed them, thus act as potential public health threat. Small, exotic animals are gaining popularity as pets which include iguanas, turtles and sugar gliders. Salmonellosis is an important disease affecting human and animal populations worldwide. It is reported that sugar gliders are becoming popular pets among young Malaysians, not only are they cute and adorable but are easily carried around. Of 35 pet sugar gliders and 17 from a breeder, 15% were positive for salmonellae and the serovars identified were Salmonella enterica serovar Albany (62.5%) and Salmonella enterica serovar London (37.5%). Staphylococcus spp. (41.0%) were most frequently identified from oral mucosae, followed by Enterococcus faecalis (17%), Streptococcus viridians (15.0%), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (13.0%) and Enterococcus faecium, Pasteurella spp., Staphylococcus delphini and Escherichia coli (2.0–4.0%). The close interaction between infected pet sugar gliders and their owners poses public health risk. Breeders with infected animals present direct risk to pet shops and pet owners.
  17. Yiew, X.T., Leong, Z.P., Rahman, N., Watanabe, M., Noordin, M.M., Khor, K.H.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2016;28(1):7-11.
    MyJurnal
    A 5-month-old Siamese cross kitten was presented with jaundice and a palpable abdominal mass at the right cranial quadrant. The extra-hepatic biliary system was markedly distended upon abdominal ultrasonography. Complete bile duct obstruction was ruled out due to the presence of urobilinogen, light brown stool, and consistentlynormal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. Head tremors developed on the second day of hospitalization. Tentative diagnoses of congenital biliary anomaly and hepatic encephalopathy werederived and exploratory laparotomy revealed a severely distended and tortuous bile duct indistinguishable from the gallbladder with negative duodenal filling. Modified cholechoduodenostomy was performed however the kitten did not recover from general anaesthesia. Secondary cholangiohepatitis and hepatic encephalopathy were confirmed upon histopathologic examination.Primary congenital biliary atresia or choledochal cyst with secondary cholangiohepatitis was suspected. Biliary anomalies are rare in cats with only two cases reported in the literature. These conditions are often challenging to diagnose and due to the limited treatment options, have a poor prognosis.
  18. Siti-Nurdyana, A.K., Bahaman, A.R., Sharma, R.S.K., Azlan, C.M., Abdul Razak, M.F.A.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2016;28(2):1-3.
    MyJurnal
    Leptospirosis is recognised as one of the leading zoonotic diseases and rodents have been implicated as one of the natural reservoirs of the disease. The Malayan porcupines (Hystrix brachyura) which are also a rodent could possibly be a carrier of leptospiral organisms. This study was conducted to determine the serological prevalence of leptospiral infection among captive Malayan porcupines and to disclose the possibility of porcupines as a reservoir for leptospiral infection. Fifty serum samples were obtained from the Malayan porcupines kept in captivity at the Wildlife Conservation Centre, Sungai Dusun, Malaysia. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was performed on the serum samples to detect the presence of agglutinating antibodies to a panel of 16 Leptospira serovars (Australis, Autumnalis, Ballum, Bataviae, Canicola, Celledoni, Djasiman, Hardjobovis, Hardjopratjino, Hebdomadis, Hurstbridge, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Javanica, Pomona, Pyrogenes and Sejroe). From the serological test, 18% (n=9/50) of the Malayan porcupines tested had leptospiral antibodies to serovars Javanica (8%), Hurstbridge (4%), Ballum (2%), Celledoni (2%) and Hardjoprajitno (2%). It is seen that this study disclosed a high prevalence of leptospiral infection in the Malayan porcupines tested and indicated that the Malayan porcupines could possibly be a source of leptospirosis to other animals including humans and that they might play an important role in the epidemiology of leptospiral infection in the country.
  19. Lau , S.F.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2016;28(1):12-15.
    MyJurnal
    Two cases of diaphragmatic hernia in cats caused by road traffic accident were undiagnosed during the initial presentation. Both cats showed no evidence of respiratory distress and clinicians did not notice the diaphragmatic hernia on thoracic radiographs. Later on, both cats showed signs of dyspnea and diaphragmatic hernia was diagnosed with repeated thoracic radiograph and ultrasound. Diaphragmatic hernia is rather common in veterinary practice, however, its diagnosis can be clinically challenging. This case report highlights the importance to re-evaluate and monitor the patient closely after the traffic accident. Repeated radiograph, different diagnostic modalities and techniques such as ultrasound, computed tomography and positive contrast peritoneagraphy should be used in order to diagnose the diaphragmatic hernia conclusively.
  20. Lim, M.L., Watanabe, M.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2016;28(1):16-19.
    MyJurnal
    A 7-year-old, intact female Domestic Shorthair cat was referred to University Veterinary Hospital (UVH), UPM for diagnostic workup of a hepatomegaly observed on abdominal radiographs. Physical examination revealed no significant findings except for a distended abdomen. Hematology and serum biochemistry findings included a regenerative anaemia, left shift neutrophilia and a 10-fold elevation in gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT). Abdominal ultrasound revealed heterechoic liver lobes with irregular margins and presence of nodular and cyst-like structures predominantly affecting the left lobes. A mild ascites was also noted. A fine needle aspiration of the liver was performed and cytology results confirmed a cholangiocarcinoma. Generally, the outcome for cholagiocarcinoma is poor and there is limited information regarding the prognosis for patients with cholangiocarcinoma following chemotherapy or surgery.
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