Workplace deviant behavior is an action performed voluntarily by an individual and harms the
organizational norms and affects individual, organization or both. Therefore, it is a priority to the
organization to understand and look at the workplace deviant behavior issue because different
individual and environment will cause differences in how an individual behaves. Understanding the
terms, factors, typologies and effects of deviant behavior will enable organization to draw the
rehabilitation plan so deviant behavior will be curbed from the beginning. Overcoming workplace
deviant behavior will result in positive impact to the organization management and financial and will
lead to positive and conducive environment at the workplace.
The purpose of this study is to examine the level of readiness amongstudents in terms of knowledge,
skills and attitudes in using historical resources as history teaching and learning materials in secondary
schools. The design of this study is a quantitative research that uses survey method involving a total of
521 form four students from secondary schools using simple random sampling technique. The
questionnaire are used in this study which has been verified by the content expert dan has a good
realiability value. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as MONOVA
and Correlation Pearson using "IBM SPSS Statistics”version 24.The findings of this study indicate that
the level of readiness amongsecondary history students in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes in
using historical resources as teaching and learning materials are at moderate level. Beside that, school
location influences the level of readiness and there a relationship between levels of readiness with
school location among students.Implication of this study can help history teachers know the level of their student knowledge, skills and attitudes toward using historical sources before carrying out in their
lessons.
One of the hardest challenges in marriage are how to face negative thoughts that arised from difficult
situations such as feeling inferior, abandoned, mistrust, and excessive jealousy. From the Cognitive-
Behavioral perspective, these feelings are being exacerbated by unhealthy individual thought patterns
originating from society and family upbringing. This article discusses the unhealthy thought patterns
that are common in marriage, and strategies in changing these thought patterns by using healthy
templates of Islamic thought patterns.
The crime of human trafficking is a phenomenon that practically affects every part of the world. The
crime is generally influenced by various political as well as socio-economic factors. Oftentimes,
victimization, causal factors, and policy response receive the most attention in human trafficking
studies, while other aspects like the market system or supply and demand in human trafficking are
given little focus. Hence, the objective of this paper is to analyze the market system and the intrinsic
elements that influence the supply and demand in human trafficking, with a reference to the case study
of Sabah, Malaysia. The qualitative data for this paper were obtained through personal observation and
interviews with public officials from the government enforcement agencies like the Royal Malaysian
Police, Immigration Department of Malaysia, as well as former traffickers, ex-victims, and
academicians. Besides, various reports from the government, non-governmental organizations, and
news media helped to collate and provide a comprehensive analysis of the subject matter. Using
perspectives from the economics of crime, this paper examined the macro and micro-level factors that
regulate the supply and demand in human trafficking. The findings suggest that the supply of trafficked
labour in Sabah is influenced by macro-level factors like globalization, unequal economic
development, demographic factors, and domestic conflict, while the demand for trafficked labour is
amplified by the factors such as consumers, exploiters, socio-culture, and the state. These elements are
essential in regulating the market system of supply and demand in human trafficking. An inclusive
understanding of supply and demand in human trafficking is important as it has implications for
knowledge development as well as policy responses to disrupt the market forces that sustain the crime.
Malaysia is facing a shortage of blood supply despite blood donation campaigns and drives; the
number of donors remains low. Understanding donors and potential donors will provide a basis to
develop effective approaches of reaching them. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify
specific socio-demographic characteristics and factors influencing the intention to donate blood among
working adults in Malaysia. Driven by positivist approach and based on the Theory of Planned
Behaviour, data were collected from 295 working adults. The data was analysed using Partial Least
Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) approach. The findings indicated that attitude,
subjective norms and perceived behavioural control are the predictors for working adult’s intention to
donate blood. The results revealed are believed to be valuable for the National Blood Centre to develop
strategies to motivate, recruit and sustain sufficient number of blood donors. It is suggested that future
studies should explore donor’s perception and expectation to identify factors that have positive or
negative effects on their motivation or have already deterred them from donating blood.
The aim of this paper is to determine tourists’ perceptions on spiritual experience, brand image,
cultural attributes and service quality they experienced in Kota Bharu, the capital and administration
centre of Kelantan, Malaysia. Kota Bharu was declared an Islamic City in 2005. It has many mosques,
various museums, unique architectural old buildings and palaces. As the number of tourist arrivals to
Kelantan is encouraging and contributing to the state income; it is important to examine what these
tourists perceive during their stays in Kota Bharu Islamic City. Variance Based Structural Equation
Modelling technique of Partial Least Square (PLS) was employed. The findings show that all the
variables are significantly influencing tourists’ perception except for service quality. In other words,
tourists’ perceptions of Kota Bharu are positively related to spirituality, brand destination and cultural
attributes. Tourists’ perceptions play a crucial role as this will affect the future tourist arrivals in the
state. Thus, the findings of the study will be useful in helping policy planners to understand how
tourists perceived Kota Bharu and design policies to increase tourism receipts and to preserve tourism
attributes.
At present, social protection system is a requirement for those involved in all sectors of employment
such as pensions to Government employees and Employees Provident Fund (EPF) to private sector
workers. The primary basis of the system is to provide protection to address poverty, financial
assistance and future guarantees. However, no structured social protection system was introduced to
the informal sectors workers in Malaysia such as farmers and others. The purpose of this study is to
examine the level of knowledge and acceptance of social protection systems among farmers in the
Muda Agricultural Development Authority (MADA). This study involved 573 respondents covering 4
regions within the MADA area. In conclusion, this study will examine the level of knowledge and
acceptance of farmers on social protection systems in their communities.
The cyber world is actually an easy medium which does not need complicated procedures in order to
publish ones literary works. This has been the reason on why the young authors choose it as the best
medium to create more literary works actively. The works of the young authors will be published in the
cyber world especially in their own personal websites. However, this also has caused misunderstanding
between the scholars about the aesthetical and the quality that have always been focused on literary
works. Therefore, this study will find out and analyse the aesthetical value through the thoughts that are
found in cyber novel Kasih Darmia by Naniey TJ based on the application of Intergrated Aesthetic
theory. Cyber novel Kasih Darmia is the first cyber literary work of Naniey TJ which was written
somewhere in November 2011 in her personal blogsite. The study uses the Intergrated Aesthetic which
is introduced by Abdul Halim Ali based on the concept of beauty which is divided by the beauty of
thoughts and the religious messages from Al-Quran as the original text that represents the real beauty
and reflects the manifestation of literary text. Analysing the thoughts in cyber novel Kasih Darmia shows that the inside beauty actually answers the aesthetical problems in the literary works in the cyber
world.
Employees support during the implementation of organizational changes is important to ensure
successful change. Thus, identifying factors that motivate individuals to support organizational change
is of vital interest for the successful management of changes. Previous studies have confirmed a
number of factors that can affect individual behavior to support the change. However, there are only
few studies that have identified the potential factors to form a framework that is based on theory, in
particular using the theory of planned behavior. Therefore, this study explores how perceived benefits
of change, supervisor support and change self-efficacy affects behavioural support for change.
Furthermore, this review offers propositions based on current literature for further in-depth empirical
investigations to find out the effects of these factors towards behavioural support for change that can be
used as a guide in the academic field as well as practical.
The study investigates the vocabulary learning strategies (VLS) used by Mengubah Destini Anak
Bangsa (MDAB) pre-diploma students at the Machang Campus of Universiti Teknologi MARA
Kelantan (UiTMCK). For this purpose, a Vocabulary Learning Strategies Questionnaire (VLSQ) based
on Schmitt’s (1997) Vocabulary Learning Strategies Taxonomy was administered to 76 MDAB prediploma
students. The findings revealed that the students were medium users of VLS who used
metacognitive strategies most frequently and cognitive strategies least frequently. The findings also
revealed that there was no significant difference in the use of VLS among the male and female
students. However, the results of Independent Samples T-test in the use of individual items for all VLS
categories revealed significant difference in the mean scores of several strategies.
This paper discusses the roles and challenges of the national language, which is Malay as a language in
uniting the various ethnic groups in Sabah. On September 16, 1963, the Federation of Malaysia was
officially declared which comprised of the Malay States, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak. In line with
that, the special provisions on the national language in Sabah are contained in Article 161 of the
national constitution. Although the provision of the constitution clarify that Sabah was given a 10-year
period to use Malay and English as the official languages but later on September 16, 1973 the Malay language was declared the sole official language for the state of Sabah. Hence, various efforts have
been made by the government to ensure the national language can play its role as a language that can
unite the various ethnic groups in Sabah. However, ethnic diversity with their own ethnic mother
tongue languages has resulted in the Malay language as a national language as well as the language of
unity to face many challenges. Therefore, the discussion in this paper is focused on policies undertaken
by the government to strengthen the national language in various fields in Sabah and the challenges
faced by the national language to foster unity among the various ethnic communities in the state. This
study was conducted using a qualitative analysis approach and used archive study methods as well as
library study to obtain research information sources. This study will produce an analysis that can be
used as a reference to improve or formulate policies particularly in matters that benefit in strengthening
the multi-ethnic communities in Sabah.
This The fields of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and human resource (HR) function have gained
increasingly importance to corporate strategies. As many hotels are concerned with sustainability
issues and CSR, the HR function is positioned to assist implementing and enhancing CSR strategy as
well as administering its core functions. In most cases, CSR in the hotels are housed in HR Department
where the managers have responsibility for the strategic application of CSR in the hotels. This paper
presents a case study of five hotels in Penang Island, Malaysia as an attempt to demonstrate how
Human Resource managers of these hotels perform their CSR practices. Specific focus is placed on the
role of Human Resource managers who are not well-equipped with social work experience or
background and specifically to investigate how these managers perceive CSR concept, the impact of
their CSR programs on beneficiaries and the challenges that they encountered in the process. To
answer these questions, we have conducted interviews with five managers from four and five star
hotels in Penang. Our findings have reflected the importance of conceptualization of CSR particularly
in hotel sector as well as gaining insight into current HR profession in administering CSR activities to
consider someone with social work background in a bid to improve the quality of life of targeted
communities.
A plural society existence due to economic policy is an outcome of foreign colonization. Due to the
British economic policy, Malaya saw the influx two foreign ethnic; Chinese and Indian, working in tin
mining and rubber estates respectively. Early conflict involving the Malays and these foreign workers
is inevitable which is evident during both the Japanese intervention and the British colonization. The
objective of this paper is to review the role and responsibilities of Communities Liaison Committee in
pioneering social cohesion between the three main ethnics in Malaya during the crucial time of
Japanese intervention, British colonization, communist threat and the declaration of emergency. Before
CLC, a cooperation was initiated by AMCJA-PUTERA coalition but was short lived due to the absence
of support from the British and lack of bargaining between Malays and Non-Malays. CLC received a
full patronage of the British as the pioneer of social cohesion in Malaya, especially when it was able to call upon the three main ethnic in its discussion of bargaining and negotiation or what is widely known
as the social contract, as well as practicing political power sharing.
The local government is the closest government to the local community and identified as the third level
of government after the state and federal governments. Each local government has their own power to
enact by-laws under their respective administration. By-laws is a formulation of the law under the
jurisdiction of local government in performing its duties and functions covering the administrative area
that has been identified by the state government. Some of the by-laws play a part in shaping the
personality of the community, especially in local government areas which are quite different approach
such as Kota Bharu Municipal Council of Islamic Cities (MPKB-BRI). By-laws implemented by
MPKB-BRI are very different compared to other states in Malaysia which is the provisions of the bylaws
that suggests the aurat closure and appropriate clothing among traders, business premises owners
and local communities. The purpose of this study is to review the extent of the by-laws implemented by
MPKB-BRI to influence and shaping the personality of the local community in Kota Bharu district,
Kelantan.
This paper presents an analysis on the resurgence of multiethnic political ideology in Sabah through the slogan of ‘Sabah for Sabahan’. It is found that after several decades of dealing with racial issues, Sabah is increasingly understanding the fact that politicizing ethnic differences will only lead to destruction. This situation was found to be an effect on the use of the slogan "Sabah for Sabahan". Therefore, the slogan should be considered as one of the important factors in the process of development or the resurgence of multi-ethnic political ideology in Sabah. In other words, this paper has shown that changes in political characteristics in a society characterized by diversity can be done through the creation and widespread use of specific political slogans that are very significant with the current needs and needs of the population in an administrative unit such as village, city and country
This study was aimed at identifying the relationship of teachers’ creativity fostering behaviour with 21st
century classroom management among teachers in normal daily government-aided secondary schools
in Sabah, Malaysia. The non-experimental study utilised the observation method by combining several
variable sampling techniques to obtain samples. Data was collected through a set of adapted
questionnaires administered to 439 teachers. The data were analysed using the IBM SPSS Statistical
21.0 software. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test,
and Pearson correlation were used to analyse the data to answer the research questions. Descriptive
analysis teachers’ creativity fostering behaviour and 21st century classroom management being
practised at a high level. Findings of the study also showed a significant difference in the min score of
teachers’ creativity fostering behaviour and 21st century classroom management according to gender.
Pearson correlation test indicated a moderate positive linear relationship for teachers’ creativity
fostering behaviour with 21st century classroom management. The implications and suggestions for
further study are also discussed.
The study entitled ‘The relationship of principals’ leadership and school climate with teachers’
motivation among the secondary school teachers was held in Sri Aman, Sarawak. A total of 188
respondents were selected through random sampling method. It is a quantitative research completed by
using questionnaires. Principals’ leadership has been measured using the Leadership Behavior
Description Questionnaire (LBDQ), while the school climate was measured by using the School-Level
Environment Questionnaire (SLEQ). A measuring instrument Questionnaire Measure of Individual
Differences in Achieving Tendecy (QMAT) was used to measure the level of teachers’ motivation. The
Cronbach’s Alpha values for the three questionnaires were .926, .747 and .792. The study found that
the level of principals’ leadership, school climate and teachers’ motivation are high. The findings have
shown that there is no significant differences between principals based on academic qualifications and teaching experience, school climate based on academic qualifications, teachers’ motivation existed
based on professional qualifications and teaching experiences. However, there is significant difference
school climate based on teaching experience. The results also indicated that there is a weak positive
relationship between principals’ leadership and teachers’ motivation (r=.206, p
Telecommuting refers to the work option that enables telecommuters to work outside of the office. It
allows telecommuters to have a direct contact with those inside and outside of the organization by
using information and communication technologies. Despite the continuous effort by Malaysia’s
government, the implementation and occurrence of telecommuting practice in Malaysia had not gained
full support from many local companies. Consequently, the Malaysian workforce has suffered from
low-level performance and poor productivity due to the lack of flexibility in task accomplishment.
Therefore, the main objective of this study is to investigate whether the impacts of telecommuting
engagement (i.e. job autonomy, work-family balance, work productivity, and level of occupational
stress) lead to employee’s performance. This research aims to identify the most dominant impact of
telecommuting engagement that leads to the employee performance. The study has adopted a
correlational research and cross-sectional survey research design to explore the relationship between
variables. There were 229 respondents who practice telecommuting work arrangement. They were
chosen from 11 oil and gas companies located in Kuantan, Pahang. The findings of the study had
revealed that all of the telecommuting impacts which consists of the job autonomy, work-family
balance, work productivity and level of occupational stress have a significant relationship with the
employee performance at r = .923, p < 0.05, r = .734, p < 0.05, r = .817, p < 0.05, and r = .408, p < 005
respectively. Job autonomy was found the most dominant impact of telecommuting engagement that
leads to the employee performance with r = .923, p < 0.05. The positive experiences and knowledge
possessed by the telecommuters in the oil and gas industry helped to increase the level of motivation
and maintain the good mental and physical state of employees. The exercise of the proper balance
between the personal and professional life could guarantee the high employees’ performance among
the telecommuters. Hence, it is suggested for the government to promote and develop more appropriate
policies regarding telecommuting practice in Malaysia. The purpose is to enhance the level of
acceptance towards the work arrangement among the local society. Moreover, the active approaches by
the government can stimulate the implementation of telecommuting in this country as people will have
more proper guidelines to assist the work practices. Telecommuting work arrangement helps to achieve
excellent performance in an organization.
The return of ex-prisoners who were released from prison into an environment filled with fellow
friends could lead to negative influences such as drug addiction and crime repetition among former
prisoners. This paper has been derived from a doctorate study studying the repeatition of crimes that
occurred among former prisoners in Malaysia. The findings of the study have found that former
prisoners often return to their fellow members due to family absence. This study has been used
qualitative methods by interviewing 16 ex-prisoners identified through the technique of snowball
sampling. The finding revealed that all these former prisoners from different state were concentrated
around the Chow Kit road. Addiction, as a result of invitation process by friends. This situation are
make the study to proven relationship between the influence of friends and drug abused among the
former prisoners.