MyMedR

Fulltext Acute oral toxicity of Pereskia bleo and Pereskia grandifolia in mice

Sim KS, Sri Nurestri AM, Sinniah SK, Kim KH, Norhanom AW

Pharmacogn Mag, 2010 Jan;6(21):67-70.

PMID: 20548939 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.59969

Pereskia bleo and Pereskia grandifolia, belonging to the botanical family Cactaceae, have been traditionally used by the locals in Malaysia for treatment of various ailments. The current study reports the outcome of acute oral toxicity investigation of Pereskia bleo and Pereskia grandifolia, on ICR mice. No mortalities or evidence of adverse effects have been observed in ICR mice following acute oral administration at the highest dose of 2500 mg/ kg crude extracts of Pereskia bleo and Pereskia grandifolia. This is the first report on the acute oral toxicity of Pereskia bleo and Pereskia grandifolia and the findings of this study are in agreement with those of in vitro experiments and thus provide scientific validation on the use of the leaves of Pereskia bleo and Pereskia grandifolia.

Fulltext Evaluation of the toxic effect of star fruit on serum biochemical parameters in rats

Khoo ZY, Teh CC, Rao NK, Chin JH

Pharmacogn Mag, 2010 Apr;6(22):120-4.

PMID: 20668578 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.62899

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the toxic effect of Averrhoa carambola (star fruit) juice at different storage conditions in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Twenty female rats weighing 180 +/- 20 g were randomly assigned into four groups with five rats per group (n = 5). First group served as the control group, fed with distilled water (vehicle). Second, third and fourth groups were orally treated with juice of A. carambola stored for 0, 1 and 3 h respectively for 14 days. Cage-side observations were done daily after each treatment. Body weight, food consumption and water intake were recorded on day-0, day-3, day-7 and day-14. All rats were fasted overnight prior to blood collection through cardiac puncture on day-15. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea and creatinine in blood serum were measured. Data were analyzed using Dunnett's test. From the results obtained, there was no lethality found and LD(50) could not be determined. Increment of ALT levels (P<0.05) was reported in those rats treated with A. carambola juice stored for 3 h. On the basis of these results, we can conclude that A. carambola juice stored for 0 hand 1 h are safe to be consumed. However, juice stored for 3 h exerts toxic effect on rat liver at hepatocellular level.

Fulltext Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Pereskia grandifolia Haw. (Cactaceae) extracts

Sim KS, Nurestri AM, Norhanom AW

Pharmacogn Mag, 2010 Jul;6(23):248-54.

PMID: 20931088 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.66945

The leaves of Pereskia grandifolia Haw. (Cactaceae), commonly known as "Jarum Tujuh Bilah" in Malaysia, have been traditionally used as natural remedy in folk medicine by the locals. In the present study, the antioxidant potential of P. grandifolia crude methanol and its fractionated extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate and water) have been investigated, employing three different established testing systems, such as scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, reducing power assay and β-carotene method. The total phenolic content of the P. grandifolia extracts was also assessed by the Folin-Ciocalteau's method. The ethyl acetate extract showed significantly the highest total phenolic content, DPPH scavenging ability and antioxidant activity in β-carotene bleaching assay while the hexane extract possessed significantly strongest reducing power. The data obtained in these testing systems clearly establish the antioxidant potency of P. grandifolia. As such, this is the first report on the antioxidant activities of P. grandifolia.

Fulltext Simultaneous determination of secondary metabolites from Vinca rosea plant extractives by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography

Siddiqui MJ, Ismail Z, Saidan NH

Pharmacogn Mag, 2011 Apr;7(26):92-6.

PMID: 21716929 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.80662

Vinca rosea (Apocynaceae) is one of the most important and high value medicinal plants known for its anticancer alkaloids. It is the iota of the isolated secondary metabolites used in chemotherapy to treat diverse cancers. Several high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods have been developed to quantify the active alkaloids in the plant. However, this method may serve the purpose in quantification of V. rosea plant extracts in totality.

Fulltext Protective effects of Ficus racemosa stem bark against doxorubucin-induced renal and testicular toxicity

Ahmed F, Urooj A, Karim AA

Pharmacogn Mag, 2013 Apr;9(34):130-4.

PMID: 23772108 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.111265

BACKGROUND: Ficus racemosa Linn. (Moraceae) bark is a rich source of phenolic compounds known to possess potential antioxidant activity offering numerous health benefits.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study evaluated the protective effects of sequential acetone extract of Ficus racemosa bark at two doses (FR250; 250 mg kg(-1) and FR500; 500 mg kg(-1) p.o.) against doxorubicin-induced renal and testicular toxicity in rats.

RESULTS: Doxorubicin administration resulted in significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in total protein and glutathione concentrations, while increased (P ≤ 0.05) serum urea, creatinine and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Extract pretreatment restored biochemical parameters toward normalization. FR250 and FR500 decreased serum creatinine levels by 22.5% and 44%, while serum urea levels were decreased by 30.4% and 58.8%, respectively. Extract pretreatment (500 mg kg(-1)) decreased TBARS and increased glutathione levels in the kidney and testis to control levels. These observations were substantiated by histopathological studies, wherein normal renal and testicular architecture was restored in FR500 group.

CONCLUSION: Doxorubicin exposure results in pronounced oxidative stress, and administration of F. racemosa stem bark extract offers significant renal and testicular protection by inhibiting lipidperoxidation-mediated through scavenging free radicals.

Fulltext Crude ethyl acetate extract of marine microalga, Chaetoceros calcitrans, induces Apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells

Goh SH, Alitheen NB, Yusoff FM, Yap SK, Loh SP

Pharmacogn Mag, 2014 Jan;10(37):1-8.

PMID: 24696543 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.126650

Marine brown diatom Chaetoceros calcitrans and green microalga Nannochloropsis oculata are beneficial materials for various applications in the food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries.

Fulltext Cytotoxic activity of Alpinia murdochii Ridl.: A mountain ginger species from Peninsular Malaysia

Sim KS, Ibrahim H, Malek SN, Syamsir DR, Awang K

Pharmacogn Mag, 2014 Jan;10(37):70-2.

PMID: 24695515 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.126666

Alpinia murdochii (Zingiberaceae) is a wild ginger species restricted to mountain areas of Peninsular Malaysia. Due to rapid development and deforestation activities, this species is becoming rare. This is the first report of the cytotoxic activity of A. murdochii.

Fulltext Dietary supplementation of chloroquine with nigella sativa seed and oil extracts in the treatment of malaria induced in mice with plasmodium berghei

Emeka PM, Badger-Emeka LI, Eneh CM, Khan TM

Pharmacogn Mag, 2014 Apr;10(Suppl 2):S357-62.

PMID: 24991115 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.133282

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary combination of Nigella sativa seed and oil extracts with chloroquine (CQ), and how these combinations enhance CQ efficacy in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei and their survival rates.

Fulltext Pharmacodynamic studies on the isolated active fraction of Acacia farnesiana (L.) willd

Kingsley B, Kayarohanam S, Brindha P, Subramoniam A

Pharmacogn Mag, 2014 Apr;10(Suppl 2):S283-7.

PMID: 24991104 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.133277

Acacia farnesiana is a medicinal plant that grows throughout tropical parts of Indian subcontinent, particularly in sandy soils of river beds in Northern India. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anti-hyperglycemic activity of the extracts using glucose tolerance test. Isolation of an active fraction (AF) from the active extract (water extract) using alcohol precipitation and to get insight to the mechanism of action of the AF of A. farnesiana.

Fulltext Antiproliferative activity of Vallaris glabra Kuntze (Apocynaceae)

Wong SK, Lim YY, Ling SK, Chiang Chan EW

Pharmacogn Mag, 2014 Apr;10(Suppl 2):S232-9.

PMID: 24991097 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.133238

Our earlier study on the antiproliferative (APF) activity of leaf extracts of ten Apocynaceae species showed that leaves of Vallaris glabra possessed strong and broad-spectrum properties.

Fulltext High performance liquid chromatography profiling of health-promoting phytochemicals and evaluation of antioxidant, anti-lipoxygenase, iron chelating and anti-glucosidase activities of wetland macrophytes

Ooh KF, Ong HC, Wong FC, Sit NW, Chai TT

Pharmacogn Mag, 2014 Aug;10(Suppl 3):S443-55.

PMID: 25298659 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.139767

The phytochemistry and bioactivity of wetland macrophytes are underexplored. Plants are known as the natural sources of phytochemical beneficial to health.

Fulltext Identification of natural inhibitors against angiotensin I converting enzyme for cardiac safety using induced fit docking and MM-GBSA studies

Vijayakumar B, Parasuraman S, Raveendran R, Velmurugan D

Pharmacogn Mag, 2014 Aug;10(Suppl 3):S639-44.

PMID: 25298685 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.139809

Cleistanthins A and B are isolated compounds from the leaves of Cleistanthus collinus Roxb (Euphorbiaceae). This plant is poisonous in nature which causes cardiovascular abnormalities such as hypotension, nonspecific ST-T changes and QTc prolongation. The biological activity predictions spectra of the compounds show the presence of antihypertensive, diuretic and antitumor activities.

Fulltext Strophanthus hispidus attenuates the Ischemia-Reperfusion induced myocardial Infarction and reduces mean arterial pressure in renal artery occlusion

Gundamaraju R, Vemuri RC, Singla RK, Manikam R, Rao AR, Sekaran SD

Pharmacogn Mag, 2014 Aug;10(Suppl 3):S557-62.

PMID: 25298674 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.139782

The myocardium is generally injured in the case of reperfusion injury and arterial damage is caused by hypertension. In reference to these statements, the present study was focused. Cardiac glycosides were said to have protective effects against myocardial infarction and hypertension. Strophanthus hispidus was thus incorporated in the study.

Fulltext Xanthohumol induces apoptosis and S phase cell cycle arrest in A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells

Yong WK, Ho YF, Malek SN

Pharmacogn Mag, 2015 Oct;11(Suppl 2):S275-83.

PMID: 26664015 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.166069

Xanthohumol, a major prenylated chalcone found in female hop plant, Humulus lupulus, was reported to have various chemopreventive and anti-cancer properties. However, its apoptotic effect on human alveolar adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was unknown.

Fulltext Bioactive Extract from Moringa oleifera Inhibits the Pro-inflammatory Mediators in Lipopolysaccharide Stimulated Macrophages

Fard MT, Arulselvan P, Karthivashan G, Adam SK, Fakurazi S

Pharmacogn Mag, 2015 Oct;11(Suppl 4):S556-63.

PMID: 27013794 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.172961

Inflammation is a well-known physiological response to protect the body against infection and restore tissue injury. Nevertheless, the chronic inflammation can trigger various inflammatory associated diseases/disorder. Moringa oleifera is a widely grown plant in most tropical countries and it has been recognized traditionally for several medicinal benefits.

Fulltext Chemometrics Optimized Extraction Procedures, Phytosynergistic Blending and in vitro Screening of Natural Enzyme Inhibitors Amongst Leaves of Tulsi, Banyan and Jamun

De B, Bhandari K, Singla RK, Katakam P, Samanta T, Kushwaha DK, et al.

Pharmacogn Mag, 2015 Oct;11(Suppl 4):S522-32.

PMID: 27013789 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.172956

Tulsi, Banyan, and Jamun are popular Indian medicinal plants with notable hypoglycemic potentials. Now the work reports chemo-profiling of the three species with in-vitro screening approach for natural enzyme inhibitors (NEIs) against enzymes pathogenic for type 2 diabetes. Further along with the chemometrics optimized extraction process technology, phyto-synergistic studies of the composite polyherbal blends have also been reported.

Fulltext Molecular Docking Analysis of Selected Clinacanthus nutans Constituents as Xanthine Oxidase, Nitric Oxide Synthase, Human Neutrophil Elastase, Matrix Metalloproteinase 2, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 and Squalene Synthase Inhibitors

Narayanaswamy R, Isha A, Wai LK, Ismail IS

Pharmacogn Mag, 2016 Jan;12(Suppl 1):S21-6.

PMID: 27041853 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.176111

Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau has gained popularity among Malaysians as a traditional plant for anti-inflammatory activity.

Fulltext Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptotic pathway and mitochondrial dysregulation in HeLa cells treated with dichloromethane extract of Dillenia suffruticosa

Wan Nor Hafiza WA, Yazan LS, Tor YS, Foo JB, Armania N, Rahman HS

Pharmacogn Mag, 2016 Jan;12(Suppl 1):S86-95.

PMID: 27041866 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.176107

Ethyl acetate and dichloromethane extract of Dillenia suffruticosa (EADS and DCMDS, respectively) can be a potential anticancer agent. The effects of EADS and DCMDS on the growth of HeLa cervical cancer cells and the expression of apoptotic-related proteins had been investigated in vitro. Cytotoxicity of the extracts toward the cells was determined by 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, the effects on cell cycle progression and the mode of cell death were analyzed by flow cytometry technique, while the effects on apoptotic-related genes and proteins were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Treatment with DCMDS inhibited (P < 0.05) proliferation and induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. The expression of cyclin B1 was downregulated that led to G2/M arrest in the cells after treatment with DCMDA. In summary, DCMDS induced apoptosis in HeLa cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptotic pathway and dysregulation of mitochondria. The data suggest the potential application of DCMDS in the treatment of cervical cancer.

Fulltext Cytotoxic Properties and Complete Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Assignment of Isolated Xanthones from the Root of Garcinia cowa Roxb

Wahyuni FS, Shaari K, Stanslas J, Lajis NH, Hamidi D

Pharmacogn Mag, 2016 Jan;12(Suppl 1):S52-6.

PMID: 27041859 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.176115

To isolate compounds from the roots of Garcinia cowa and to evaluated their cytotoxic activity against breast (MCF-7), prostate (DU-145), and lung (H-460) cell lines.

Purified Essential Oil from Ocimum sanctum Linn. Triggers the Apoptotic Mechanism in Human Breast Cancer Cells

Manaharan T, Thirugnanasampandan R, Jayakumar R, Kanthimathi MS, Ramya G, Ramnath MG

Pharmacogn Mag, 2016 May;12(Suppl 3):S327-31.

PMID: 27563220 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.185738

Essential oil of Ocimum sanctum Linn. exhibited various pharmacological activities including antifungal and antimicrobial activities. In this study, we analyzed the anticancer and apoptosis mechanisms of Ocimum sanctum essential oil (OSEO).

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 41 in total