MyMedR

Oral health status of 16-year-old school children in Malaysia

Nik-Hussein NN, Abdul Muttalib K, Junid NZ, Wan MN, Abang A

Singapore Dent J, 2004 Dec;26(1):30-8.

The aim of the present study was to determine the oral health status of 16-year-old Malaysian school children. The prevalence of caries was 75.5%. More than 60% of subjects had caries experience by teeth (DMFT) scores of 0-3. The largest component of the DMFT and caries experience by surface index was the filled component. Females had higher caries prevalence and caries scores than males. The mouth and tooth prevalences of enamel defects were 56% and 21.8%, respectively. The most common type of enamel defects observed were diffuse opacities, affecting 95.5% of affected subjects and 92.1% of affected teeth. One-third of subjects had healthy gingival conditions, 8.6% had bleeding gingivae, 55.1% had calculus and 3% had pockets. Less than 1% of subjects wore or required dentures. Cleft lip and/or palate was uncommon. This study shows that the prevalence of caries and DMFT scores have declined over the last 30 years.

Minor oral surgery in anticoagulated patients: local measures alone are sufficient for haemostasis

Ramli R, Abdul Rahman R

Singapore Dent J, 2005 Dec;27(1):13-6.

PMID: 16438263

Minor oral surgery in warfarinized patients can be performed without stopping or altering the dose of the drug. Thirty patients underwent various types of oral surgical procedures without interruption of their anticoagulant therapy and their therapeutic international normalized ratio maintained. Local measures such as pressure, packing the sockets with oxidized regenerated cellulose, and suturing were applied. In some patients, tranexamic acid mouthwashes were prescribed to further enhance haemostasis. Four patients had minimal postoperative bleeding in the form of bloodstained saliva, which lasted for 24 hours. This study highlights the importance of local measures in controlling postoperative bleeding in warfarinized patients undergoing minor oral surgical procedures.

Assessment of periodontal diseases in epidemiological investigations: a critical review

Abdul-Kadir R

Singapore Dent J, 1989 Dec;14(1):6-12.

PMID: 2487478

Like dental caries, epidemiological assessment of periodontal disease is important for purposes of recognizing the extent of the disease in the population as well as a basis for planning and evaluating preventive and treatment programmes. while present day measurement methods for dental caries are excellent such is not true for periodontal diseases. This paper reviews the development and usefulness of different indices for the assessment of periodontal disease and treatment needs in epidemiological investigations.

Bullous pemphigoid--management of a patient with oral and skin lesions

Ali TB, Zain RB, Adam BA

Singapore Dent J, 1994 Jan;19(1):18-21.

PMID: 9582679

A case of bullous pemphigoid with extra-oral and intraoral lesions in a 60-year-old female is reported. Diagnosis is based on histopathology and direct immunofluorescence, and the treatment regime described included oral prescription of prednisolone and topical application of a mixture of fluocinonide ointment and triamcinolone acetonide in Orabase on the oral lesions.

Unicystic ameloblastoma: a late recurrence with pseudo-glandular features. A case report

Khoo SP, High AS, Awang MN

Singapore Dent J, 1995 Jul;20(1):21-3.

PMID: 9582685

A case of unicystic ameloblastoma which recurred after 15 years showing unusual histological features is reported. The prominent pseudo-glandular features present are described. This case highlights the importance of extensive histological examination for more characteristic features of ameloblastoma to reach a correct diagnosis.

The prevalence of caries and enamel defects in 229 Malaysian children 16 years after water fluoridation (a pilot study)

Majid ZA, Hussein NN, Bagramian RA

Singapore Dent J, 1996 Jul;21(1):11-5.

PMID: 10597176

Two hundred and twenty-nine children aged 12-15 years who were continuous residents of Penang island, in the north of Peninsular Malaysia were examined for caries and enamel defects. Caries prevalence was 82.2% with a DMFT score of 3.4 and DMFS score of 4.9; there were very few missing teeth and very little untreated caries in the population examined. Majority of DF (decayed/filled) lesions were pits and fissures with approximal and smooth surfaces relatively caries free. The prevalence of enamel defects was 76.4% with 19.1% of all teeth examined being affected. More posterior than anterior teeth were affected by enamel defects just as there were more maxillary than mandibular teeth affected by enamel defects. Diffuse patchy opacities were the most common defect diagnosed and this was found in 60.2% of the population examined. A bilateral distribution of diffuse patchy opacities was seen in 41.5% of the population examined. Tooth surfaces with enamel defects were no more susceptible to caries than defect-free surfaces.

Managing complications of radiation therapy in head and neck cancer patients: Part IV. Management of osteoradionecrosis

Ramli R, Ngeow WC, Rahman RA, Chai WL

Singapore Dent J, 2006 Dec;28(1):11-5.

PMID: 17378336

Head and neck cancer is becoming a more recognizable pathology to the general population and dentists. The modes of treatment include surgery and/or radiation therapy. Pretreatment dental assessment should be provided for these patients before they undergo radiation therapy. There are occasions, however, whereby head and neck cancer patients are not prepared optimally and, as a result, they succumb to complicated oral adverse effects after radiation therapy. Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a severe debilitating condition that impairs healing due to reduction in vascularity and osteocyte population in the affected bone. This article reviews methods of treatment used to treat ORN such as antibiotics, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, therapeutic ultrasound, surgery, and other modalities.

Combined granular cell ameloblastoma and plexiform granular cell odontogenic tumour

Siar CH, Ng KH, Chia TY

Singapore Dent J, 1990 Dec;15(1):35-7.

PMID: 2097728

Granular cell ameloblastomas are uncommon lesions accounting for about 3-5% of all histologic subtypes of ameloblastoma. The plexiform granular cell odontogenic tumour, on the other hand, is a newly described lesion characterised by a monophasic plexiform pattern of granular cells. This article reports a tumour found occurring in the left mandible of a 67-year-old Indian male which histologically showed features of both the aforementioned lesions.

Incidence of pain after biomechanical preparation: a review of 302 cases treated by dental students

Mohd Sulong MZ, Abu-Hassan MI, Abdul Razak AA, Embong A

Singapore Dent J, 1996 Jul;21(1):31-5.

PMID: 10597181

Records of 302 root-filled teeth treated by dental undergraduates were reviewed by four lecturers in the Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Malaya. Preoperative and operative factors were evaluated for their association with postoperative pain experience of patients during the visit immediately after completion of biomechanical preparation. Eighty four percent of patients did not experience any pain after biomechanical preparation whilst the remaining 16 percent only complained of slight or moderate pain. The incidence of pain after biomechanical preparation is not high even when performed by inexperienced undergraduates. Teeth with a pre-existing painful condition had a higher chances of postoperative of pain. The incidence of postoperative pain was halved when teeth were associated with a sinus tract.

Fractures of the zygomatic-malar complex: a retrospective analysis of 76 cases

Foo GC

Singapore Dent J, 1984 May;9(1):29-33.

PMID: 6599646

Role of interceptive orthodontics in early mixed dentition

Wong ML, Che Fatimah Awang, Ng LK, Norlian D, Rashidah Dato Burhanudin, Gere MJ

Singapore Dent J, 2004 Dec;26(1):10-4.

PMID: 15736836

Early orthodontic interventions are often initiated in the developing dentition to promote favourable developmental changes and remove or suppress those that are unfavourable. Early interceptive orthodontics can eliminate or reduce the severity of a developing malocclusion, the complexity of orthodontic treatment, overall treatment time and cost. It also improves self-esteem in the subjects and parental satisfaction. Early detection and appropriate referral of cases requiring interceptive orthodontics are important. However, lack of awareness among school children, parents and primary-care personnel (dental nurses and dental officers) may result in patients not being referred for timely interceptive intervention. This article presents a general view of the scope of interceptive orthodontics that can be carried out in early mixed dentition, i.e. when the permanent incisors and molars are erupting into the oral cavity.

A radiographic survey of supernumerary teeth in Malaysian children

Hussein NN

Singapore Dent J, 1985 Jul;10(1):13-5.

PMID: 3868814

Does facial appearance of dentofacial deformity influence the need for orthognathic surgery: The Malaysian perception

Abdul Halim Chong FH, Md Salleh SN, Abu Bakar N, Ismail IN

Singapore Dent J, 2019 12;39(1):41-52.

PMID: 32910746 DOI: 10.1142/S2214607519500044

Aim: This study evaluates perception toward facial appearance in dentofacial deformity and the need for orthognathic surgery among the public with and without dental backgrounds. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 12 facial photographs of cases with dentofacial deformity or malocclusion in varying severity was used. A hundred individuals were selected to answer the questionnaire. The perception of facial appearance (FAS), treatment need score (TNS), and knowledge regarding dentofacial deformity were used for the evaluation. Results: Significant differences were found between dental and non-dental when the respondents' knowledge in all the questionnaire items ([Formula: see text].05) was assessed. However, no significant difference was found in the mean of FAS and TNS in all the presented cases (normal, borderline, severe). Pearson correlation between perceived FAS and TNS was statistically negative for severe and normal cases, whereby a decrease in FAS for severe cases showed an increase in TNS, and an increase in FAS for normal cases showed a decrease in TNS. Conclusion: Respondents with dental background had sound knowledge of dentofacial deformity. A poorly attractive respondent with dentofacial deformity showed a greater need for orthognathic surgery.

Radiographic features of periapical cysts and granulomas

Zain RB, Roswati N, Ismail K

Singapore Dent J, 1989 Dec;14(1):29-32.

PMID: 2487471

Many studies have been reported on radiographic lesion sizes of periapical lesions. However no studies have been reported on prevalences of subjective radiographic features in these lesions except for the early assumption that a periapical cyst usually exhibit a radiopaque cortex. This study is conducted to evaluate the prevalences of several subjective radiographic features of periapical cysts and granulomas in the hope to identify features that maybe suggestive of either diagnosis. The results showed that a regular (circular or semi-circular) radiographic outline is likely to be a periapical cyst while an irregular radiographic outline is not indicative of either a cyst or a granuloma. The association between the regular/irregular radiographic outline and the type of periapical lesion was found to be statistically significant (p less than 0.001). The associations of two other radiographic features and the type of periapical lesion were found to be just statistically significant (p less than 0.01). These features are the symmetry/asymmetry of the radiolucency in relation to the apex and the funnel-shaped/angular-shaped extension of the radiolucency. The widely accepted criteria that the possession of a radiopaque cortex surrounding the radiolucency can discriminate between a periapical cyst and granuloma cannot be statistically supported in this study.

Correlating Streptococcus mutans counts in saliva with plaque amount, gingival inflammation and caries experience in school children

Jalil RA

Singapore Dent J, 1995 Jul;20(1):16-20.

PMID: 9582684

Samples of stimulated whole saliva were obtained from ninety-four 12-14-year-old school children living in inner London to evaluate if there was a correlation between Streptococcus mutans counts in saliva with plaque amount, gingival inflammation and caries experience. S. mutans counts were obtained by a dip-slide method (Dentocult 'Strip Mutans') in which the count was expressed as 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 based on visual estimation of the colony density. There was no association between counts' of S. mutans in saliva with plaque amount and gingival inflammation. However, there was a significant trend of increased decayed, missing, filled surfaces (DMFS) with increasing S. mutans counts.

The incidence of the three-rooted lower first permanent molar in Malay people

Jones AW

Singapore Dent J, 1980 May;5(1):15-7.

PMID: 6935768

Diabetic erythroleukemia with sequestra formation in the oral cavity--a case report

Kamin S

Singapore Dent J, 1994 Jan;19(1):22-4.

PMID: 9582680

A case report of sequestra formation in the oral cavity most probably as a sequelae of periodontal abscess in a diabetic patient is presented. The sequestra probably formed as a complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus rather than erythroleukemia. The lesion was located at the bifurcation area of the lower left second molar. Removal of the sequestra, scaling and a course of antibiotics managed to control the lesion.

The biologic width--periodontal-restorative relationship

Kamin S

Singapore Dent J, 1989 Dec;14(1):13-5.

PMID: 2487468

An important relationship should exist between the periodontist and restorative dentist. Periodontics and restorative dentistry should not be divisible and all forms of restorations, from a simple filling to a complex precision-retained bridge, should be performed with the health and biology of the periodontium in mind. A very crucial concept which should be borne in the mind of every restorative dentist is the concept of biologic width.

Fulltext Knowledge of managing avulsed tooth among general dental practitioners in Malaysia

Abdullah D, Soo SY, Kanagasingam S

Singapore Dent J, 2016 Dec;37:21-26.

PMID: 27916252 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdj.2016.01.001

BACKGROUND: Dental and maxillofacial injuries are one of the areas of concern highlighted in the Malaysian National Oral Health Plan 2011-2020. General dental practitioners (GDPs) have the responsibility of diagnosing and assessing dental trauma and determining the prognosis and outcomes of trauma along with its management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge base and preferred methods of general dental practitioners regarding the management of avulsed tooth.

METHODS: A random convenient sampling methodology was employed for sample selection. A pre-tested 11-item questionnaire was validated on the dental officers. The survey was distributed to 182 GDPs attending the annual Malaysian Dental Association conference in January 2010. The data obtained was statistically analyzed using descriptive analysis and logistic regression was employed to predict the probability of achieving high scores.

RESULTS: A total of 182 general dental practitioners participated in the study, with the majority being female (n=153, 75%). The place of practice significantly affected the knowledge score. In the group that scored more than 80 points (n=84, 46%), 76% of them worked with government hospitals. Age, work duration and number of traumatised teeth previously treated had no significant effect. The odds ratio for place of practice indicates that respondents who work in government hospitals are 3.6 times more likely to score more than 80 points compared to those who worked in private clinics (OR=3.615, P=0.001).

CONCLUSION: The knowledge level on the management of avulsed tooth among general dental practitioners in Malaysia needs to be improved. Strategies in improvement of the Malaysian dental educational system, continuous dental educational activities and utilisation of guidelines on trauma management should be recommended to increase the knowledge level of avulsed tooth management to ensure good treatment outcomes.

CLINICAL IMPLICATION: Trauma prevention and further education regarding the management of avulsed tooth is an essential requirement to improve general dental practitioners knowledge and clinical skills.

An analysis of sugar content of commonly used pediatric liquid medicines--its relevance to dentistry

Nik-Hussein NN, Razak IA, Karim MN

Singapore Dent J, 1988 Dec;13(1):24-6.

PMID: 3154999

The sugar content of twenty-four liquid medicines commonly prescribed for infants and young children were measured and the type of sugars present were also identified in four randomly selected samples. All the liquid medicines tested contained sugar, in the range of 29.4% to 61.2%. Sucrose appeared to be the most commonly used sugar. Whilst it is agreed that sucrose makes the medicine more acceptable to children, its continual use by the pharmaceutical industry should be discontinued due to its harmful effect on the dental health of children, particularly those taking these syrup-based medicines on prolonged basis. Sugar-free alternatives such as sorbitol or saccharin should be used instead.

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