Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 927 in total

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  1. Wong AR, Suhaimi H, Ridzuan MA, Rizal MM, Saedah A
    Singapore Med J, 2009 Oct;50(10):e358-61.
    PMID: 19907875
    We present two infants whose endovascular lines were accidentally cut or fractured, and had to be retrieved via transcatheter means in the cardiac catheterisation laboratory. The first case was a two-month-old infant with transposition of the great arteries, requiring an emergency balloon atrial septostomy. An indwelling vascular catheter that was placed in the right femoral vein was accidentally cut and had migrated into the inferior vena cava, before being retrieved. The second case was a one-week-old neonate who presented with pneumonia at birth, and had a long intravenous catheter placed in the left saphenous vein, which became fractured, and subsequently migrated into the heart. This case presented as a pulmonary embolus with haemodynamic instability, as the catheter had partially obstructed the right ventricular outflow tract. This was later retrieved via transcatheter means.
  2. Abdul Jalil N, Abdul Rahim N, Md Shalleh N, Rossetti C
    Singapore Med J, 2008 Jul;49(7):e178-82.
    PMID: 18695852
    A majority of the clinical use of positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT) is related to cancer management. Its application in evaluating inflammatory diseases and pyrexia of unknown origin is becoming popular. We reviewed the fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT findings of an 80-year-old woman with nonspecific clinical presentation consisting of generalised malaise, moderately high fever and weight loss. Prior CT and magnetic resonance imaging were not helpful in providing a clinical diagnosis. The diagnosis was Horton's arteritis, and the patient responded well to high-dose steroids.
  3. Boo NY, Nasri NM, Cheong SK, Sivamohan N
    Singapore Med J, 1991 Apr;32(2):142-7.
    PMID: 2042076
    A 2-year study was carried out in the Maternity Hospital, Kuala Lumpur to determine the neonatal mortality rates. This Hospital functions both as the local service centre as well as the national referral centre in Malaysia. Its neonatal services, however, were equipped and manned at those below Level III perinatal centre. During the study period 52, 877 livebirths took place in the Hospital. In 1987 and 1988 respectively, the low birthweight (less than 2500 gm) rates were: 112.8 and 101.9 per 1000 livebirths, very low birthweight (less than 1500 gm) rates: 11.1 and 8.8 per 1000 livebirths, neonatal mortality rates: 12.5 and 10.7 per 1000 livebirths and neonatal mortality risk ratio: 1.15 and 1.27. There was significant difference in mortality rates among the Malay, Chinese and Indian babies born in this hospital: the Indians had the highest and the Chinese the lowest rates. Babies delivered by breech or lower segment Caesarean section (LSCS) also had significantly higher mortality than those delivered by other modes of delivery. Low birthweight neonates constituted less than 45% of the total special care nursery admission but contributed to more than 70% of the total neonatal deaths. The common causes of neonatal deaths were problems of prematurity, infection, asphyxia and congenital malformations. Preterm and low birthweight neonates died primarily from problems of prematurity or infection. Term and larger neonates died mainly from asphyxia. More than 75% of the neonatal deaths occurred before 7 days of life. Improvement of antenatal care in the community and upgrading of perinatal services in this Hospital could help to lower the morbidity and mortality due to preventable causes.
  4. Tay EH, Yeap ML, Ho TH
    Singapore Med J, 1997 Dec;38(12):520-4.
    PMID: 9550918
    We studied the clinical patterns and outcome of patients with FIGO (1985) Stage 1b cervical cancer. In particular, looking at the clinico-pathological characteristics in relation with disease recurrence.
  5. Bhuiyan ZA, Zilfalil BA, Hennekam RC
    Singapore Med J, 2006 Aug;47(8):724-7.
    PMID: 16865217
    The Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterised by dysmorphic facial features, hirsutism, severe growth and developmental delays, and malformed upper limbs. The prevalence is estimated to be one per 10,000. Recently, several independent groups proved that Cornelia de Lange syndrome is caused by mutations in the NIPBL gene, the human homologue of the Drosophila Nipped-B gene. Here, we present the first clinical case report of a Malay child, a 9-year-old boy with the Cornelia de Lange syndrome. We also report the molecular investigation of the NIPBL gene in this patient.
  6. SANDOSHAM AA, BENNETT GF, FONG YL, OMAR EI
    Singapore Med J, 1965 Mar;6(1):47-8.
    PMID: 14306412
    An immature Glossy Tree-Starling (Aplonis panayensis strigatus), also known as ‘burong perling’ in Malay, was captured in the vicinity of the Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur. It was found to harbour a small malaria parasite which showed the characteristics of the sub-genus Novyella (Corradetti et al, 1963) viz:
    1. Trophozoites small with little cytoplasm, relatively large nuclear elements, the parasite usually applied to the host-cell nucleus.
    2. Schizonts with usually less than eight merozoites. 3. Pigment small and difficult to see except in the schizonts and in the gametocytes where the pigment granules are large and usually clustered at one end.
    4. The parasite rarely distorts the host erythrocyte. Unfortunately the bird died a few days later before detailed work on duration of the schizogonic cycle and experimental transmission could be done. The parasite has the following morphological features and most of the larger forms, asexual and sexual, assume the characteristic position proximal to the nucleus of the avian erythrocyte. Trophozoites: The earliest forms are ‘rings’ with a fairly marked vacuole. As the organism grows older, it produces a grain or two of pigment. The parasite at this stage tends to occupy a polar position in the host erythrocyte. Schizonts: The segmenting forms are usually attached to the pole end of the host-cell nucleus. The number of chromatin segments varies from 3 to 8, with a prevalent range of 4 to 6. The cytoplasm is scanty and pale with a prominent little mass of blackish-brown pigment or a close collection of granules. A rare mature schizont with 8 merozoites was seen in which the nucleus of the parasitised erythrocyte was displaced somewhat similar to figure 20 of Plate I portrayed in the original paper by Manwell (1935). Gametocytes: The sexual forms are often narrow and elongate, and are closely applied to the nucleus of the host erythrocyte. The outline of the parasite is frequently irregular. The cytoplasm is pale and vacuolated with coarse conspicuous granules of blackish-brown pigment usually collected at one end; sometimes either one or both ends curved around the host-cell nucleus. Although this parasite has some affinites to both P. nucleophiltim and P. hexamerium the lack of adequate study of the avian malarias of South-East Asia precludes even provisional identification of this parasite. On two occasions numerous gametocytes were seen in the peripheral blood of the bird and four species of laboratory-reared culicines (three indigenous to Malaya) were allowed to feed on it. Ten Andes togoi, 19 Culex sitiens and seven Culex fatigans were completely refractory to development of the parasite. Two of 17 Aedes aegypti had a single small oocyst each; both oocysts appeared to be degenerating. A Giemsa-stained thin blood film together with drawings made from the microscope showing the different forms of the parasite were demonstrated. REFERENCES
    Corradetti, A., Garnham, P. C. & Laird, M. (i963). Parassitologia, 5, 1-4.
    Manwell, R. D. (l935). Amer. J. Trop. Med 15, 265-283.
    ...(1938). Ibid., 18, 565-575
  7. Ramasamy SP, Chandrasekaran S, Jayakumar CR, Mallick AS
    Singapore Med J, 1992 Apr;33(2):196-7.
    PMID: 1621130
    A 27-year-old gravida two para one mother delivered a term male baby by caesarean section. The baby was referred for enlarged head. This neonate with large head was found to have Porencephalic cyst with dilated Triventricular system. There was a posterior fossa cyst communicating with fourth ventricle. A diagnosis of Dandy Walker Cyst with Porencephaly was made. Ventriculo-Peritoneal shunt was done on the ninth day of life. The baby had an uneventful postoperative period and was subsequently discharged.
  8. Koh KB, Low EH, Ch'ng SL, Zakiah I
    Singapore Med J, 1994 Feb;35(1):106-7.
    PMID: 8009267
    Spinal involvement in alkaptonuria is common. Patients usually present in the third or fourth decade with spondylosis or acute intervertebral disc prolapse. Alkaptonuria with root canal stenosis has however hitherto not been reported. We wish to report one such patient.
  9. Rahmat K, Kua CH, Ramli N
    Singapore Med J, 2008 Dec;49(12):e365-8.
    PMID: 19122937
    Primary central nervous system (CNS) atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumours (ATRT) are highly malignant neoplasms which usually present in infancy or early childhood. Although ATRT may arise anywhere within the CNS, the majority (approximately two-thirds) arise in the cerebellum or posterior fossa, and the remainder in the cerebrum. We described the imaging characteristics of CNS ATRT in the posterior cranial fossa of a 14-month-old boy.
  10. Gururaj AK, Choo KE, Ariffin WA, Sharifah A
    Singapore Med J, 1990 Aug;31(4):364-7.
    PMID: 2255935
    A retrospective study of 42 children with acute rheumatic fever admitted to Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from April 1985 to March 1989 was undertaken to assess the clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic aspects and outcome. The ages of the children ranged from 5 years 9 months to 11 years 11 months. There was no significant sex difference. 69.4% were admitted between November and April with a seasonal low between May and August. Sixteen children (38.1%) were hospitalised for recurrence of rheumatic fever. Carditis was the commonest manifestation and was seen in 28 (66.6%) children, followed by arthritis in 24 (57.1%), and chorea in 3 (7.1%). Echocardiography detected abnormalities in 24 out of 35 cases and the most common echocardiographic findings were poor coaptation of mitral valve (ten) left ventricular dilatation (ten), thickened mitral valve cusps (seven) and pericardial effusion (seven). In those children followed up, there were 2 recurrences while on secondary prophylaxis and complete recovery was seen only in 11 (26.9%).
  11. Ong HC, Chan WF
    Singapore Med J, 1977 Jun;18(2):100-4.
    PMID: 929220
    Benign cystic teratoma of the ovary has a varied incidence, varying from 30 to 50 per cent of all benign ovarian tumours. This tumour tends to occur in the reproductive age group (20 to 40 years), and the majority of patients are married with children. About 40 per cent of patients are symptomless. Of those with symptoms, abdominal pain and mass are the commonest. Torsion is the most frequent complication encountered, and the presence of acute pain should make one suspect this complication. The tumour is bilateral in 10 to 20 per cent of patients. This high bilateral occurrence places a responsibility on the gynaecologist to inspect the opposite ovary in all cases of unilateral dermoid cyst of the ovary at the time of laparotomy. Germ·layer derivatives are predominantly ectodermal in origin, although both mesodermal and entodermal derivatives occur frequently.
  12. Sharma S, Abdullah N
    Singapore Med J, 2000 Apr;41(4):147-50.
    PMID: 11063177
    Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving one hundred ASA I-II patients undergoing major gynaecological surgery.
  13. Hassan MR, Mustapha NR, Zawawi FM, Earnest BS, Voralu K, Pani SP
    Singapore Med J, 2011 Feb;52(2):86-9.
    PMID: 21373733
    This study was conducted to compare the genotype and markers of disease severity of chronic hepatitis C (CHC), namely viral load, alanine transaminase (ALT) levels and histopathological findings on liver biopsy, in patients with and without end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
  14. Chiu CL, Chan YK, Ong GS, Delilkan AE
    Singapore Med J, 2000 Nov;41(11):530-3.
    PMID: 11284610
    To compare the maintenance and recovery characteristics of sevoflurane and isoflurane anaesthesia in Malaysian patients.
  15. Paramarajah S
    Singapore Med J, 1986 Apr;27(2):114-9.
    PMID: 3489292
    The feasibility of using a computer database management system based on an 8·bit microcomputer for storing, retrieving and analysing patient data in a limited setting (oesophago·gastro-duodenoscopy records from a peripheral general surgical department over a 1 year period) is presented. A program developed by the author was used to enter the relevant records of 208 patients undergoing the above examination, and to retrieve and analyse any desired data. Compatible statistical and graphics software packages can be used to access and analyse the data and display or print out the results. The limitations and scope for further expansion of the system are discussed.
  16. Lee ST
    Singapore Med J, 1992 Jun;33(3):304-5.
    PMID: 1631596
    Complications resulting from the penetrating percutaneous foreign bodies almost always arise in the early post injury period. Delayed presentations of previous asymptomatic foreign bodies are rare. In this case report, symptoms of tracheal irritation arose seven years following the initial penetrating shrapnel injury to the neck. Computed tomography scans enabled localisation of the foreign body at the tracheal wall and carotid sheath interface. The usefulness of this radiologic modality in the evaluation of the penetrating soft tissue injury is highlighted. A review of the phenomenon of the migrating and asymptomatic foreign body follows.
  17. Bahari MB, Nur NM, Rahman AF
    Singapore Med J, 2003 Mar;44(3):131-5.
    PMID: 12953726
    A survey was carried out among primary school teachers in the district of Kota Bharu, Malaysia to assess the level of knowledge on asthma and its management. Our findings revealed that primary school teachers were less informed about the management and treatment of asthma. They were relatively more knowledgeable about the causes and symptomatology of asthma. The majority of respondents had misunderstanding regarding the effect of rain, smoking and cold weather on asthma. It is important that teachers should be able to recognise symptoms of an asthmatic attack or take the necessary precautions to avoid such an attack. Many teachers agreed on the need to have an asthma education programme in their teaching curriculum.
  18. Ram SP, Noor AR, Ariffin WA, Ariffin NA
    Singapore Med J, 1994 Apr;35(2):205-7.
    PMID: 7939823
    A 37-week gestation male boy was born to a gravida seven para six mother by spontaneous vertex delivery at home. The baby cried at birth. On day 3 of life, he was admitted for respiratory distress. Physical examination revealed ectrodactyly, thin dry skin, anomalous tear duct with cardiomegaly. X-ray revealed absent radii, cardiomegaly and hemivertebra at L1. Echocardiogram revealed perimembranous type of ventricular septal defect. A diagnosis of Ectodermal Dysplasia Ectrodactyly Clefting Syndrome with ventricular septal defect was made. He was managed conservatively in the nursery. However, he expired on day 27 of life following short spell of fever apnoeic episode due to neonatal sepsis.
  19. Paval J, Nayak S
    Singapore Med J, 2007 Mar;48(3):e90-3.
    PMID: 17342280
    Persistent left superior vena cava is the most common form of anomalous venous drainage involving the superior vena cava, and represents persistence of the left horn of the embryonic sinus venosus, which normally involutes during normal development to become the coronary sinus. Almost always, a persistent left superior vena cava enters the right atrium through the orifice of an enlarged coronary sinus. In this case report of a 60-year-old male cadaver, we describe a persistent left superior vena cava and discuss its embryology and clinical significance.
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