Displaying all 17 publications

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Morton TD
    J Emerg Med, 1992 7 11;10(4):485-8.
    PMID: 1430987
    The author spent 6 months as director of a major university hospital accident and emergency department in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A brief summary of this experience is provided, followed by a series of recommendations based on the experience that may provide some guidance in future efforts to establish emergency medicine in developing areas of the world.
  2. Birkhahn RH, Gaeta TJ, Melniker L
    J Emerg Med, 2000 Feb;18(2):199-202.
    PMID: 10699522
    A 27-year-old male of Malaysian descent presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with rapidly progressive flaccid paralysis that quickly compromised his respiratory effort. The patient was found to have a serum potassium of 1.9 meq/L, and was diagnosed as having an acute paralytic episode secondary to thyrotoxic periodic paralysis. The paralytic attack was aborted with a combination of potassium replacement and parenteral propranolol in large doses. We report the use of a rarely described, yet possibly more effective, therapy for an acute attack of thyrotoxic periodic paralysis.
  3. Hisamuddin NA, Hamzah MS, Holliman CJ
    J Emerg Med, 2007 May;32(4):415-21.
    PMID: 17499697
    Once a very slowly developing country in a Southeast Asia region, Malaysia has undergone considerable change over the last 20 years after the government changed its focus from agriculture to developing more industry and technology. The well-known "Vision 2020," introduced by the late Prime Minister, set a target for the nation to be a developed country in the Asia region by the year 2020. As the economy and standard of living have improved, the demand from the public for a better health care system, in particular, emergency medical services (EMS), has increased. Despite the effort by the government to improve the health care system in Malaysia, EMS within the country are currently limited, best described as being in the "developing" phase. The Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education, Civil Defense, and non-governmental organizations such as Red Crescent and St. John's Ambulance, provide the current ambulance services. At the present time, there are no uniform medical control or treatment protocols, communication systems, system management, training or education, or quality assurance policies. However, the recent development of and interest in an Emergency Medicine training program has gradually led to improved EMS and prehospital care.
  4. Howe TA, Jaalam K, Ahmad R, Sheng CK, Nik Ab Rahman NH
    J Emerg Med, 2011 Dec;41(6):581-9.
    PMID: 19272745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.10.017
    STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine if the slope of Phase II and Phase III, and the alpha angle of the expiratory capnographic waveform, as measured via computer-recognizable algorithms, can reflect changes in bronchospasm in acute asthmatic non-intubated patients presenting to the emergency department (ED).
    METHODS: In this prospective study carried out in a university hospital ED, 30 patients with acute asthma were monitored with clinical severity scoring and peak flow measurements, and then had a nasal cannula attached for sidestream sampling of expired carbon dioxide. The capnographic waveform was recorded onto a personal computer card for analysis. The patients were treated according to departmental protocols. After treatment, when they had improved enough for discharge, a second set of results was obtained for capnographic waveform recording. The pre-treatment and post-treatment results were then compared with paired-samples t-test analysis.
    RESULTS: On the capnographic waveform pre- and post-treatment, there was a significant difference in the slope of Phase III (p < 0.001) and alpha angle (p < 0.001), but not in the Phase II slope (p = 0.35). There was significant change in peak flow meter reading, but it was poorly correlated with all the capnographic indices.
    CONCLUSION: The study provides some preliminary data showing that capnographic waveform indices can indicate improvement in airway diameter in acute asthmatics in the ED. Capnographic waveform analysis presents several advantages in that it is effort-independent, and provides continuous monitoring of normal tidal respiration. With further refined studies, it may serve as a new method of monitoring non-intubated asthmatics in the ED.
    Study site: Emergency department, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
  5. Tan TL, Ismail AK, Kong KW, Ahmad NK
    J Emerg Med, 2012 Apr;42(4):420-3.
    PMID: 22154775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2011.03.038
    The paradise tree snake, Chrysopelea paradisi, is a rear-fanged colubrid. Like other members of the genus Chrysopelea, it is able to glide through the air, and thus, is commonly known as a "flying snake." There are few documented effects of its bite on humans.
  6. Seak CK, Kooi XJ, Seak CJ
    J Emerg Med, 2012 Sep;43(3):468-71.
    PMID: 22497894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2012.02.014
    Meprobamate tablets contain microcrystalline cellulose, a potent embolic agent that has been shown to cause gangrene in animal studies. Microvascular embolization caused by microcrystalline cellulose can contribute to the ischemic process.
  7. Rahman NH, DeSilva T
    J Emerg Med, 2012 Dec;43(6):951-7.
    PMID: 23068783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2012.02.069
    The use of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) has been reported to provide effective pain relief, often resulting in less opioid consumption, and is associated with greater patient satisfaction when it is compared to other techniques of analgesia delivery.
  8. Ismail AK, Abdul Ghafar MA, Shamsuddin NS, Roslan NA, Kaharuddin H, Nik Muhamad NA
    J Emerg Med, 2015 Sep;49(3):287-93.
    PMID: 26022936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2015.02.043
    Prehospital care (PHC) pain evaluation is an essential patient assessment to be performed by paramedics. Pain intensity is frequently assessed using Verbal Numerical Rating Scale (VNRS) or Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
  9. Kim TH, Lee K, Shin SD, Ro YS, Tanaka H, Yap S, et al.
    J Emerg Med, 2017 Nov;53(5):688-696.e1.
    PMID: 29128033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.08.076
    BACKGROUND: Response time interval (RTI) and scene time interval (STI) are key time variables in the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases treated and transported via emergency medical services (EMS).

    OBJECTIVE: We evaluated distribution and interactive association of RTI and STI with survival outcomes of OHCA in four Asian metropolitan cities.

    METHODS: An OHCA cohort from Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcome Study (PAROS) conducted between January 2009 and December 2011 was analyzed. Adult EMS-treated cardiac arrests with presumed cardiac origin were included. A multivariable logistic regression model with an interaction term was used to evaluate the effect of STI according to different RTI categories on survival outcomes. Risk-adjusted predicted rates of survival outcomes were calculated and compared with observed rate.

    RESULTS: A total of 16,974 OHCA cases were analyzed after serial exclusion. Median RTI was 6.0 min (interquartile range [IQR] 5.0-8.0 min) and median STI was 12.0 min (IQR 8.0-16.1). The prolonged STI in the longest RTI group was associated with a lower rate of survival to discharge or of survival 30 days after arrest (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.42-0.81), as well as a poorer neurologic outcome (aOR 0.63; 95% CI 0.41-0.97) without an increasing chance of prehospital return of spontaneous circulation (aOR 1.12; 95% CI 0.88-1.45).

    CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged STI in OHCA with a delayed response time had a negative association with survival outcomes in four Asian metropolitan cities using the scoop-and-run EMS model. Establishing an optimal STI based on the response time could be considered.

  10. James V, Kee CY, Ong GY
    J Emerg Med, 2019 Apr;56(4):421-425.
    PMID: 30638645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2018.12.015
    BACKGROUND: Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) is increasingly used for both diagnostic and guided procedures. Increasingly, POCUS has been used for identification of pneumonia and to assist in the differentiation of pleural effusions, as well as to guide thoracentesis. As such, there is a need for training with ideally high-fidelity lung ultrasound phantoms to ensure ultrasound proficiency and procedural competency. Unfortunately, most commercial ultrasound phantoms remain expensive and may have limited fidelity.

    OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to create and describe a homemade, high-fidelity ultrasound phantom model for demonstrating pneumonia with pleural effusions for teaching purposes.

    DISCUSSION: An ultrasound phantom was constructed using a water-filled latex glove with a sliver of meat in it, covered over by a palm-sized piece of meat (skin and ribs are optional to increase ultrasonographic details and realism). This would appear like parapneumonic effusions with organized pneumonia under ultrasound examination. Creamer (or talc) can be added to the water in the glove to simulate empyema. The model can also be used to teach simple effusions and for ultrasound-guided thoracentesis and in clinical decision making.

    CONCLUSIONS: Easily prepared, homemade high-fidelity ultrasound phantom models for instructions on identification of pleural effusions and ultrasound-guided pleural tap of parapneumonic effusion were made.

  11. Chong W, Hijazi M, Abdalrazig M, Patil N
    J Emerg Med, 2020 Jul;59(1):e27-e29.
    PMID: 32439254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.04.015
  12. Osman A, Fong CP, Wahab SFA, Panebianco N, Teran F
    J Emerg Med, 2020 Sep;59(3):418-423.
    PMID: 32591302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.05.003
    BACKGROUND: Although surface sonography has become an essential diagnostic tool in the evaluation of trauma patients, important limitations of this modality include the evaluation of retroperitoneal hemorrhage and mediastinal pathology, such as blunt traumatic aortic injuries (BTAI). As in other emergency applications where surface sonography can't provide the information needed, focused transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) may represent a valuable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of hemodynamically unstable trauma patients with suspected thoracic pathology such as BTAI.

    CASE SERIES: We present a series of five cases that illustrate the diagnostic value of emergency physician-performed resuscitative TEE in the diagnosis of BTAI in patients presenting with blunt thoracic trauma. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: As the use of point-of-care TEE during resuscitation continues to expand in emergency medicine, the evaluation of patients with BTAI represents a novel application where this emerging modality can allow early diagnosis of these injuries in hemodynamically unstable patients.

  13. Muhammad A, Tuang GJ, Zahedi FD, Nik Hussin NR
    J Emerg Med, 2021 Jul;61(1):e4-e6.
    PMID: 33863569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2021.02.022
    BACKGROUND: Fishbone ingestion represents a common cause for emergency department (ED) referral. In the majority of cases, an observed fishbone can be easily retrieved in the clinic setting. An impacted fishbone in the throat, albeit uncommon, carries potential risks of life-threatening events. Unusual complications caused by a migrated fishbone, including deep neck abscess, airway obstruction, and major vessels injury, are greatly influenced by the type of ingested fishbone and time between onset and presentation.

    CASE REPORT: Here we report an unusual case of surgical subcutaneous emphysema after multiple attempts of purging to remove an ingested fishbone. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Fishbone foreign body is a common presentation to the ED. A thorough history and examination for the migratory foreign body is essential, as the complications are consequential.

Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links