Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 1064 in total

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  1. Hassan R, Siregar JA, A Rahman Mohd NA
    Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Mar;21(2):54-62.
    PMID: 24876808 MyJurnal
    Telemedicine in neurosurgery or teleneurosurgery has been widely used for transmission of clinical data and images throughout the country since its implementation in 2006. The impact is a reduction of patient number that need to be reviewed in the level III hospitals and an increment in the number of patients that are kept in level II hospitals for observation by the primary team. This translates to reduction of unnecessary transfer of patients and subsequently cost benefits for patients and medical providers. The main aim is to determine the amount of reduction in unnecessary transfer by the implementation of teleneurosurgery in the management of referrals to neurosurgical department in Hospital Sultanah Amninah Johor Bahru (HSAJB). Other factors associated with transfer decision are also evaluated.
  2. Ahmad Helmy AK, Salmah Jalaluddin WM, Ab Rahman IG
    Malays J Med Sci, 2010 Oct;17(4):51-6.
    PMID: 22135561 MyJurnal
    Brain ischaemia and infarction are the leading factors in morbidity and mortality of traumatic brain injury. This study aimed to determine the perfusion status of pericontusional hypodense areas in traumatic cerebral contusion
  3. Shekh Ibrahim SA, Hamzah N, Abdul Wahab AR, Abdullah JM, Nurul Hashimah Ahamed Hassain Malim, Sumari P, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2020 Jul;27(4):1-8.
    PMID: 32863741 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.4.1
    Universiti Sains Malaysia has started the Big Brain Data Initiative project since the last two years as brain mapping techniques have proven to be important in understanding the molecular, cellular and functional mechanisms of the brain. This Big Brain Data Initiative can be a platform for neurophysicians and neurosurgeons, psychiatrists, psychologists, cognitive neuroscientists, neurotechnologists and other researchers to improve brain mapping techniques. Data collection from a cohort of multiracial population in Malaysia is important for present and future research and finding cure for neurological and mental illness. Malaysia is one of the participant of the Global Brain Consortium (GBC) supported by the World Health Organization. This project is a part of its contribution via the third GBC goal which is influencing the policy process within and between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries, such as pathways for fair data-sharing of multi-modal imaging data, starting with electroencephalographic data.
  4. Shakeel S, Ahmed Hassali MA, Abbas Naqvi A
    Malays J Med Sci, 2020 Mar;27(2):159-164.
    PMID: 32788851 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.2.16
    The World Health Organization (WHO) has termed the novel coronavirus infection a pandemic based on number of confirmed cases in more than 195 countries and with risk of further spread. The infection has had drastic impact on global trade and stock markets. The Malaysian authorities realised the need to ensure availability of health resources and facilities in the country so that the healthcare professionals could treat serious cases on priority basis. Steps have been taken to ensure that health facilities are not overwhelmed with cases and do not become the source of virus spread to other healthcare staff and patients.
  5. Sharifudin MA, Zakaria Z, Awang MS, Mohamed Amin MA, Abd Aziz A
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Jan;23(1):82-6.
    PMID: 27540330 MyJurnal
    Monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the vertebra is a rare entity. A case of a 53-year-old lady who presented with an 8 months history of pain in the thoracic spine region with paraparesis is discussed. She had a history of papillary thyroid carcinoma and had undergone total thyroidectomy one year prior to her current problem. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed isolated osteolytic lesion over the posterior element of the T12 vertebra with narrowing of the spinal canal causing compression of the cord. The diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia was made histologically. Fibrous dysplasia rarely occurs in axial bones compared with peripheral bones. This case illustrates that osteolytic lesion of the vertebrae should be evaluated with detailed radiological and histopathological examination before an empirical diagnosis of spinal metastasis is made in an adult with a background history of primary malignancy well-known to spread to the bone.
  6. Hassan R, Abd Aziz A
    Malays J Med Sci, 2010 Apr;17(2):29-39.
    PMID: 22135535 MyJurnal
    Blunt abdominal trauma can cause multiple internal injuries. However, these injuries are often difficult to accurately evaluate, particularly in the presence of more obvious external injuries. Computed tomography (CT) imaging is currently used to assess clinically stable patients with blunt abdominal trauma. CT can provide a rapid and accurate appraisal of the abdominal viscera, retroperitoneum and abdominal wall, as well as a limited assessment of the lower thoracic region and bony pelvis. This paper presents examples of various injuries in trauma patients depicted in abdominal CT images. We hope these images provide a resource for radiologists, surgeons and medical officers, as well as a learning tool for medical students.
  7. Che Mohamed SK, Abd Aziz A
    Malays J Med Sci, 2009 Oct;16(4):69-72.
    PMID: 22135515 MyJurnal
    When performing a radiological assessment for a trauma case with associated head injury, a fragment of dense tissue detected near the craniovertebral junction would rapidly be assessed as a fractured bone fragment. However, if further imaging and evaluation of the cervical spine with computerised tomography (CT) did not demonstrate an obvious fracture, then the possibility of ligament calcification would be considered. We present a case involving a previously healthy 44-yearold man who was admitted following a severe head injury from a road traffic accident. CT scans of the head showed multiple intracranial haemorrhages, while scans of the cervical spine revealed a small, well-defined, ovoid calcification in the right alar ligament. This was initially thought to be a fracture fragment. Although such calcification is uncommon, accident and emergency physicians and radiologists may find this useful as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with neck pain or traumatic head injury.
  8. Shaharudin MI, Abd Rahman NFN
    Malays J Med Sci, 2022 Dec;29(6):34-45.
    PMID: 36818895 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2022.29.6.4
    Frailty is conceptually defined as a state of increased vulnerability in older persons, resulting from age-associated declines in physiological reserve and function as they cope with everyday life stressors. To date, the prevalence of frailty has been assessed in various ways. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of the condition and the assessment tools used to determine its occurrence among Malaysian older individuals. A systematic literature search was performed on electronic bibliographic databases, namely, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCOHost: MEDLINE Complete and Google Scholar. Ten eligible articles were reviewed and evaluated using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Frailty was diagnosed using Fried's frailty phenotype and the Groningen Frailty Indicator (GFI). Assessment tools that included physical performance tests detected a lower prevalence of frailty than that determined using questionnaire-based tools. The prevalence of frailty ranged from as low as 6% to as high as 76%, and there was a higher prevalence among older persons living in aged care homes. This review suggests increasing prospective and interventional studies on frailty to establish a cause-effect relationship between standardised tools of assessing frailty and its prevalence among Malaysian older persons and provide guidelines for health professionals on promoting active lifestyles among older populations.
  9. Mohamad N, Abu Bakar NH, Mohamed NA, Baharudin KA, Noh AY, Ahmad R, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2007 Jan;14(1):79-83.
    PMID: 22593659 MyJurnal
    Emergency Medicine and Disaster Medicine are two specialties which are similar in the multidisciplinary involvement during the acute phase of the disaster. Recently, there was an increase in the number of disasters in the world but not many physicians are familiar with the principles for dealing with such situations, the unique organizational demands, coordination and the urgent need for medical assistance and relief. This case report delineates our experiences at a tsunami disaster area and the approach to setting up a medical relief team in the affected area. A medical reconnaissance team comprising of an emergency doctor from Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (H.U.S.M) and two MERCY Malaysia members was assembled. The team flew to Colombo on day 5 after the tsunami with medical supplies and related materials. The mission started from December 31(st) 2004 until January 8(th) 2005. Our surveillance area covered the Southern and Eastern Province with a total distance of 1700 km along the coast. The strategies employed during this medical reconnaissance included risk analysis, devising a resources matrix, developing lines of communication and rapport with other relief teams, Sri Lankan government agencies, and local and international non-government organizations. As a result, our team was able to set up a medical relief camp and distribute the relief items to the tsunami victims. In conclusion, the Disaster Emergency Medical Assistant Team (DEMAT) from H.U.S.M and MERCY Malaysia were able to set up and provide medical relief with our limited resources to a large scale disaster situation.
  10. Ramli R, Abd Rahman R
    Malays J Med Sci, 2002 Jul;9(2):47-50.
    PMID: 22844224
    Myiasis occurs when living tissues of mammals are invaded by eggs or larvae of flies, mainly from the order of Diptera. Most of the previousty reported cases are in the tropics and they were usually associated with inadequate personal hygiene, sometimes with poor manual dexterity. This report describes two cases of oral myiasis in cerebral palsy patients in Seremban General Hospital, Malaysia. This article also discusses the therapeutic property of maggots and highlights the importance of oral health care in the special needs patients.
  11. Abd Razak D
    Malays J Med Sci, 2009 Jan;16(1):1-6.
    PMID: 22589642
    This special editorial for the month of January 2009 is "THE" interview with Professor Tan Sri Dato' Dzulkifli Abdul Razak, Vice Chancellor of the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). He talked to us about the Apex University status that was conferred on 3rd September 2008. While most newspapers and the rest of the media were in frenzy interviewing him that month, MJMS decided to catch up with him on Monday 15th December 2008 just before the celebration at the Dewan Utama, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Sciences Campus to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the establishment of the Hospital University Sains Malaysia by Yang Berhormat, Minister of Higher Education Datuk Seri Mohamed Khaled Nordin. References to USM as an APEX University are included at the end of this editorial especially for non-USM readers.
  12. Abd-Manan F
    Malays J Med Sci, 2000 Jul;7(2):18-26.
    PMID: 22977386 MyJurnal
    Previous studies have shown that stress on the vergence and accommodation systems, either artificially induced or naturally occurring, results in small misalignment of the visual axes, reduces binocular visual acuity and produces symptoms of ocular discomfort. This study examines the effect of artificially induced visual stress using ophthalmic prisms on three dimensional perception on 30 optometry students ages ranging from 19 to 29 years old. 6D base-in prisms, equally divided between the eyes (3D base-in each) was used to induce stress on the visual system producing misalignment of visual axes known as fixation disparity. The fixation disparity is quantified using near vision Mallett Unit and an enlarged scaled diagram. Stereoscopic perception was measured with the TNO test, with and without the presence of stress and the results was compared. Wilcoxon's matched pair ranked tests show statistically significant difference in the stereo thresholds of both conditions, p = 0.01 for advancing stereopsis and p = 0.01 for receding stereopsis, respectively. The study concludes that visual stress induced by prisms, produce misalignment of the visual axes and thus reduces three dimensional performance.
  13. Ahmad AH, Abdul Aziz CB
    Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Dec;21(Spec Issue):46-54.
    PMID: 25941463 MyJurnal
    Pain, while salient, is highly subjective. A sensation perceived as painful by one person may be perceived as uncomfortable, not painful or even pleasant to others. Within the same person, pain may also be modulated according to its threat value and the context in which it is presented. Imaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, have identified a distributed network in the brain, the pain-relevant brain regions, that encode the sensory-discriminative aspect of pain, as well as its cognitive and affective/emotional factors. Current knowledge also implicates the prefrontal cortex as the modulatory area for pain, with its subdivisions forming the cortico-cortical pathway, an alternative pain modulatory pathway distinct from the descending modulatory pathway of pain. These findings from neuroimaging in human subjects have paved the way for the molecular mechanisms of pain modulation to be explored in animal studies.
  14. Mohamad Yazid MN, Nik Husain NR, Daud A, Osman Y, Mustapa N, Abdul Hadi A
    Malays J Med Sci, 2023 Oct;30(5):192-205.
    PMID: 37928796 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.5.16
    BACKGROUND: Workplace violence prevention initiatives are undeniably lacking in healthcare facilities. The aim of this study was to validate a newly developed questionnaire and assess employers' perceptions and practices towards workplace violence prevention at healthcare facilities.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2021 to November 2021 by recruiting 333 employers at healthcare facilities in Kelantan, Malaysia. The original draft of the Malay version of the questionnaire comprised 62 items constructed under two domains (perception and practice). A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate construct validity and internal consistency using R software.

    RESULTS: The final model for the perception and practice domain of the questionnaire consisted of 13 factors and 56 items. The factor loadings for all items were above 0.6. The fit indices used for confirmatory factor analysis in the final model were as follows: χ2 = 2092.6 (P < 0.001), standardised root mean squared residual (SRMR) = 0.053, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.042, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.928 and Tucker Lewis index (TLI) = 0.920. The construct reliability for all factors was reliable, with Raykov's rho coefficients above 0.70.

    CONCLUSION: The newly developed questionnaire demonstrated excellent psychometric properties and adequate validity and reliability, confirming that this instrument is reliable and valuable for evaluating employers' perceptions and practices towards workplace violence prevention at healthcare facilities.

  15. Ng PM, Abdullah JM, Idris Z, Ghani ARI, Abdul Halim S
    Malays J Med Sci, 2021 Oct;28(5):142-148.
    PMID: 35115897 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.5.15
    The neuro-ophthalmological evaluation is done to assess the integrity of cranial nerves II, III, IV, VI. This work does not intend to substitute the examination in a fully equipped ophthalmology suite. The aim of this manuscript is to describe bedside examination of the eye by using simple apparatus that are easily available. This work incorporates the usage of smartphone application, as smartphone is deemed an accessory in almost every resident's pocket during review of patients as a consult in the emergency department. However, the essence of traditional physical examination remains the fundamental. Understanding of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of the eye and the central nervous system can enhance the clinician's performance at the bedside.
  16. Saleh U, Tan GY, Fuad M, Abdullah JM, Idris Z, Ghani ARI, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2023 Dec;30(6):61-69.
    PMID: 38239251 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.6.7
    BACKGROUND: Brachial plexus injury is a severe peripheral nerve injury that affects the upper extremities and causes functional damage and disability. A detailed and accurate clinical examination is required to accurately localise the site of injury. This video manuscript aims to provide guidelines for the structured assessment of a patient with brachial plexus injury, specifically tailored to Malaysian medical students and trainees.

    METHODS: A video demonstrating the examination of the brachial plexus was made. This video, created at the School of Medical Sciences at Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), demonstrates the proper examination technique for brachial plexus.

    CONCLUSION: We hope that this video will help students and young doctors evaluate patients with brachial plexus injury and reach accurate localisation of the injury.

  17. Wong SL, Abdul Hamid H
    Malays J Med Sci, 2010 Apr;17(2):4-9.
    PMID: 22135531
    This study observed the widest ureteric diameter in negative intravenous urogram (IVU) examinations using low osmolar contrast media.
  18. Hashim H, Muda AS, Abdul Aziz A, Abdul Hamid Z
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Jul;23(4):59-64.
    PMID: 27660546 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2016.23.4.8
    Embolisation has long been used as an adjunct to surgical resection in the treatment of brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM). The most commonly used embolic material, n-butylcyanoacrylate glue, requires experience and skill to handle its quick and unpredictable flow and polymerisation. A new liquid embolic agent, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx), is less adhesive and polymerises slowly, which provides better control for radiologists performing embolisation.
  19. Cheen Hoe AK, Hamzah F, Abdul Khader MA
    Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Sep-Oct;21(5):75-7.
    PMID: 25977638 MyJurnal
    The detection rate of thyroid incidentalomas is increasing; in fact, as many as 2.3% of patients undergoing FDG PET-CT for other indications have been found to have thyroid incidentalomas. The risk of malignancy in these thyroid incidentalomas can be as high as 47%. The increased uptake and the focal uptake pattern of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in the thyroid during positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT), and the calcification of the thyroid incidentaloma, are associated with even higher risk of malignancy. We report a case of a lady undergoing FDG PET-CT for breast cancer staging but noted to have a calcified thyroid incidentaloma, which was proven to be follicular thyroid carcinoma.
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