MyMedR

Imported eosinophilic fever with myositis: A diagnostic challenge

Camprubí D, Rodriguez-Valero N, Losada I, Grau-Junyent JM, Muñoz J

Travel Med Infect Dis, 2018 05 23;24:16.

PMID: 29802894 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2018.05.009

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

Fulltext Symptomatic chronic strongyloidiasis in children following treatment for solid organ malignancies: case reports and literature review

Norsarwany M, Abdelrahman Z, Rahmah N, Ariffin N, Norsyahida A, Madihah B, et al.

Trop Biomed, 2012 Sep;29(3):479-88.

PMID: 23018511

Strongyloidiasis is an infection caused by the intestinal nematode Strongyloides stercoralis. Infected healthy individuals are usually asymptomatic, however it is potentially fatal in immunocompromised hosts due to its capacity to cause an overwhelming hyperinfection. Strongyloidiasis could be missed during routine screening because of low and intermittent larval output in stool and variable manifestations of the symptoms. We present two cases of strongyloidiasis occurring in children with solid organ malignancies suspected to have the infection based on their clinical conditions and treatment history for cancer. Both patients were diagnosed by molecular and serological tests and were successfully treated. Thus, strongyloidiasis in patients undergoing intensive treatment for malignancies should be suspected, properly investigated and treated accordingly.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

Transvitreal migration of a Toxocara larva resulting in a second chorioretinal granuloma

Sivaratnam D, Subrayan V, Ali NA

Jpn. J. Ophthalmol., 2008 Sep-Oct;52(5):416-417.

PMID: 18991049 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-008-0569-z

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

Growth reduction among primary schoolchildren with light trichuriasis in Malaysia treated with albendazole

Tee MH, Lee YY, Majid NA, Noori NM, Raj SM

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2013 Jan;44(1):19-24.

PMID: 23682433

We studied asymptomatic primary schoolchildren in northeastern Malaysia with light to moderate trichuriasis to determine the effect of albendazole treatment on growth rates and TNF-alpha levels. Thirty-seven schoolchildren aged 6-7 years with stool samples positive for Trichuris trichiura and negative for other geohelminths and protozoa were randomized to receive albendazole 400 mg or a placebo daily for 2 days. Anthropometric parameters at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months were compared between the 2 groups. The placebo group had a significantly greater increase in height (p = 0.04) than the albendazole treatment group. There were no significant differences in urinary TNF-alpha levels (p = 0.8) between the 2 groups and no significant changes between baseline and 1 month post-treatment levels. Further studies are needed to determine the etiology of this apparent association between the albendazole treatment group and the delay in growth rate at 6 months post-treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use*

Fulltext The effect of repeated chemotherapy on the prevalence and intensity of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infection

Chan L, Kan SP, Bundy DA

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1992 Jun;23(2):228-34.

PMID: 1439974

The prevalence and intensity of intestinal nematode infections were assessed during 3 anthelminthic interventions in an urban community in Malaysia. The prevalence levels of Ascaris lumbricoides at Interventions 1, 2 and 3 were 30.6%, 18.9% and 15.5%, respectively and the mean intensities were 1.9, 0.75 and 0.81 worms per person. For Trichuris trichiura, the prevalence levels at Interventions 1, 2 and 3 were 46.9%, 21.6% and 15.7%, respectively. The mean intensities for T. trichiura at Interventions 1, 2 and 3 were 3.30, 0.92 and 0.07 worms per person. No gender-related prevalence and intensity were observed for the two geohelminths in this community. Prevalences and intensity had convex age profiles. Although repeated chemotherapeutic intervention reduced both prevalence and intensity levels, intensity was a more sensitive indicator than prevalence. The results indicate that age-targetting treatment at school children of 7-12 years of age would be an appropriate strategy for this community.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use*

Fulltext Lymphatic pathology in asymptomatic and symptomatic children with Wuchereria bancrofti infection in children from Odisha, India and its reversal with DEC and albendazole treatment

Kar SK, Dwibedi B, Das BK, Agrawala BK, Ramachandran CP, Horton J

PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2017 Oct;11(10):e0005631.

PMID: 29059186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005631

BACKGROUND: Once interruption of transmission of lymphatic filariasis is achieved, morbidity prevention and management becomes more important. A study in Brugia malayi filariasis from India has shown sub-clinical lymphatic pathology with potential reversibility. We studied a Wuchereria bancrofti infected population, the major contributor to LF globally.

METHODS: Children aged 5-18 years from Odisha, India were screened for W. bancrofti infection and disease. 102 infected children, 50 with filarial disease and 52 without symptoms were investigated by lymphoscintigraphy and then randomized to receive a supervised single oral dose of DEC and albendazole which was repeated either annually or semi-annually. The lymphatic pathology was evaluated six monthly for two years.

FINDINGS: Baseline lymphoscintigraphy showed abnormality in lower limb lymphatics in 80% of symptomatic (40/50) and 63·5% (33/52) of asymptomatic children. Progressive improvement in baseline pathology was seen in 70·8, 87·3, 98·6, and 98·6% of cases at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months follow up, while in 4·2, 22·5, 47·9 and 64·8%, pathology reverted to normal. This was independent of age (p = 0·27), symptomatic status (p = 0·57) and semi-annual/bi-annual dosing (p = 0·46). Six of eleven cases showed clinical reduction in lymphedema of legs.

INTERPRETATION: A significant proportion of a young W. bancrofti infected population exhibited lymphatic pathology which was reversible with annual dosage of DEC and albendazole. This provides evidence for morbidity prevention & treatment of early lymphedema. It can also be used as a tool to improve community compliance during mass drug administration.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov No CTRI/2013/10/004121.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use*

Fulltext Anti-Wolbachia therapy for onchocerciasis & lymphatic filariasis: Current perspectives

Wan Sulaiman WA, Kamtchum-Tatuene J, Mohamed MH, Ramachandran V, Ching SM, Sazlly Lim SM, et al.

Indian J Med Res, 2019 06;149(6):706-714.

PMID: 31496523 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_454_17

Onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis (LF) are human filarial diseases belonging to the group of neglected tropical diseases, leading to permanent and long-term disability in infected individuals in the endemic countries such as Africa and India. Microfilaricidal drugs such as ivermectin and albendazole have been used as the standard therapy in filariasis, although their efficacy in eliminating the diseases is not fully established. Anti-Wolbachia therapy employs antibiotics and is a promising approach showing potent macrofilaricidal activity and also prevents embryogenesis. This has translated to clinical benefits resulting in successful eradication of microfilarial burden, thus averting the risk of adverse events from target species as well as those due to co-infection with loiasis. Doxycycline shows potential as an anti-Wolbachia treatment, leading to the death of adult parasitic worms. It is readily available, cheap and safe to use in adult non-pregnant patients. Besides doxycycline, several other potential antibiotics are also being investigated for the treatment of LF and onchocerciasis. This review aims to discuss and summarise recent developments in the use of anti-Wolbachia drugs to treat onchocerciasis and LF.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

Fulltext Developing and evaluating health education learning package (HELP) to control soil-transmitted helminth infections among Orang Asli children in Malaysia

Al-Delaimy AK, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Lim YA, Nasr NA, Sady H, Atroosh WM, et al.

Parasit Vectors, 2014;7:416.

PMID: 25179100 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-416

This study was carried out to develop a health education learning package (HELP) about soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections, and to evaluate what impact such a package could have in terms of reducing the incidence and intensity of STH infections among Orang Asli schoolchildren in Pahang, Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

Fulltext Does vitamin A supplementation protect schoolchildren from acquiring soil-transmitted helminthiasis? A randomized controlled trial

Al-Mekhlafi HM, Anuar TS, Al-Zabedi EM, Al-Maktari MT, Mahdy MA, Ahmed A, et al.

Parasit Vectors, 2014;7:367.

PMID: 25127885 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-367

Despite the intensive global efforts to control intestinal parasitic infections, the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections is still very high in many developing countries particularly among children in rural areas.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

Zoonotic Brugia pahangi filariasis in a suburbia of Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia

Tan LH, Fong MY, Mahmud R, Muslim A, Lau YL, Kamarulzaman A

Parasitol Int, 2011 Jan;60(1):111-3.

PMID: 20951228 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2010.09.010

Five local Malaysian patients with clinical manifestations consistent with lymphatic filariasis were referred to our medical centre between 2003 and 2006. Although no microfilariae (mf) were detected in their nocturnal blood samples, all were diagnosed to have lymphatic filariasis on the basis of clinical findings and positive serology results. PCR on their blood samples revealed that two of the patients were infected with Brugia pahangi, an animal filarial worm hitherto not known to cause human disease in the natural environment. All the patients were successfully treated with anti-filarial drugs: four patients were treated with a combination of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and albendazole, and one with doxycycline. Four of them were residents of Petaling Jaya, a residential suburbia located 10 km southwest of Kuala Lumpur city, Malaysia. The fifth patient was a frequent visitor of the suburbia. This suburbia has no history or record of B. malayi infection. The most likely vector of the worm was Armigeres subalbatus as extensive entomological surveys within the suburbia revealed only adult females of this mosquito species were infected with B. pahangi larvae. Wild monkeys caught in the suburbia were free from B. pahangi mf, but domestic cats were mf positive. This suggests that infected cats might be the source of the zoonotic infection in the suburbia.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

Fulltext Neurocysticercosis an uncommon intra-cerebral infection in Malaysia

Arasu K, Khairul A, Waran V

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Oct;60(4):514-6.

PMID: 16570721

Neurocysticercosis, infection of the central nervous system (CNS) by larvae of the pork tapeworm Taenia solium, is the commonest neuroparasitic infection in humans. However in countries as in Malaysia it poses a diagnostic problem as the disease in not seen amongst the local population; however with the arrival of immigrant workers, a number of cases have recently been diagnosed. There were 3 cases of neurocysticercosis reported in our centre over the last 5 years.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

Fulltext Efficacy of albendazole in the treatment of Trichuris trichuria and Giardia intestinalis infection in rural Malay communities

Penggabean M, Norhayati, Oothuman P, Fatmah MS

Med J Malaysia, 1998 Dec;53(4):408-12.

PMID: 10971985

A community study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of a 3-day course of 400 mg albendazole daily in the treatment of Trichuris trichiura and Giardia intestinalis infection. This treatment regimen was effective in the treatment of Trichuris trichiura and Giardia intestinalis infection with cure rates of 91.5% and 96.6% respectively. Uses of a 3-day course of 400 mg albendazole daily should be considered in mass or targeted soil-transmitted helminths chemotherapy particularly in areas where the prevalence of Trichuris trichiura is high and polyparasitism is common.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use*

Fulltext Ascariasis, trichuriasis, and growth of schoolchildren in Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia

Raj SM, Naing NN

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1998 Dec;29(4):729-34.

PMID: 10772554

A study to determine the effect of antihelminthic treatment on growth and nutritional status was undertaken on 103 children in the second grade of primary school, 71 of whom were found to be infected with Ascaris lumbricoides or Trichuris trichiura. The median Ascaris and Trichuris intensities in the infected group were 19,600 (range; 0-488,000) and 2,800 (range; 0-84,600) eggs per gram of feces respectively. Forty-three children harbored both types of worm. Fourteen weeks after two 400 mg doses of albendazole were administered to infected children, the increases in weight, height, weight for age, height for age and weight for height were significantly higher among infected children than controls who were uninfected at baseline. The observed gains were independent of sex and socioeconomic status. Decrease in log transformed Trichuris intensity correlated with increases in weight (r=0.24; p=0.02) and weight for age (r=0.20; p=0.06) but decrease in Ascaris intensity did not correlate with increases in any of the anthropometric parameters. The results suggest that antihelminthic treatment has beneficial short-term effects on growth and nutritional status of a modest magnitude among early primary schoolchildren in the area.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use*

Resistance to benzimidazole anthelmintics by Haemonchus contortus in goats in peninsular Malaysia

Rahman WA

Vet Parasitol, 1994 Oct;55(1-2):155-7.

PMID: 7886916

A previous study had suggested that local strains of goat trichostrongyles, comprising largely Haemonchus contortus, might have developed resistance to benzimidazole anthelmintics. A trial involving 18 goats was conducted to confirm this. There was a significant (P < 0.01) reduction in worm burdens in goats given levamisole, but this was not so for those animals given albendazole, fenbendazole, oxfendazole and mebendazole (P > 0.05).

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

Fulltext Efficacy of single dose albendazole on the prevalence and intensity of infection of soil-transmitted helminths in Orang Asli children in Malaysia

Norhayati M, Oothuman P, Azizi O, Fatmah MS

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1997 Sep;28(3):563-9.

PMID: 9561609

The efficacy of a single-dose 400 mg albendazole to treat Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm infection was studied in Orang Asli community. Kato-Katz examination was performed on fecal samples which were collected before treatment, 1 and 4 months after treatment. A total of 123 children were involved in all three surveys. The cure rate of Ascaris infection was 97.4% and the egg reduction after treatment was 99.9%. The cure rate for hookworm infection was 93.1% with 96.6% egg reduction. Although the cure rate was low in Trichuris infection (5.5%), egg reduction was more evident (49.1%). The reinfection rate at 4 months after treatment was 54.5%, 3.6% and 10.3% for Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm infection, respectively. Within 4 months after treatment almost one-fifth children with Ascaris and hookworm infection reached pre-treatment intensity infection. In Trichuris infection, however more than half of the children reached their pre-treatment intensity infection at 4 months after treatment. Findings suggest that 4-monthly targeted periodic treatment with 400 mg single-dose albendazole in highly endemic areas can have a significant impact on intensity infection of Ascaris and hookworm, but not on Trichuris infection.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use*

Effect of intestinal helminthiasis on intestinal permeability of early primary schoolchildren

Raj SM, Sein KT, Anuar AK, Mustaffa BE

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1996 11 1;90(6):666-9.

PMID: 9015510

Intestinal permeability of 246 early primary schoolchildren at 2 schools (106 of whom were infected with intestinal helminths) was assessed by using the lactulose/mannitol differential absorption test. The ratio of the urinary recoveries of lactulose and mannitol was determined after oral administration of a standard solution of the 2 sugars. Assessment of intestinal permeability was repeated on 100 infected children after treatment and on a cohort of 68 uninfected children. Infected and uninfected groups were compared with respect to baseline lactulose/mannitol ratio (L/M1) and change in lactulose/mannitol ratio between assessments (delta L/M). The correlations between baseline intensity of infection and L/M1, and between fall in intensity and delta L/M, were evaluated. Based on a crude index of socioeconomic status, each child was assigned to one of 3 socioeconomic groups; all but 3 children belonged to either groups 2 or 3. Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides were the 2 predominant infections; the hookworm infection rate was relatively low. The results suggested that helminthiasis exerted only a marginal effect on intestinal permeability, the impact of which in children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds was negligible in comparison with the cumulative effects of other factors.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

Socio-economic factors associated with intestinal parasites among children living in Gombak, Malaysia

Rajeswari B, Sinniah B, Hussein H

Asia Pac J Public Health, 1994;7(1):21-5.

PMID: 8074940

Fecal specimens collected from 456 school children in Gombak, Malaysia, revealed an overall prevalence rate of 62.9%. The most common parasite found was Trichuris trichiura (47.1%) followed by Giardia intestinalis (14.7%), Entamoeba coli (11.4%), Entamoeba histolytica (9.9%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (7.9%). Infection rates were high among the Indonesian immigrant workers' children (90%) followed by the Orang Asli (79.5%), Malay (59.4%) and Indians (36.4%). Females (66.3%) had a higher prevalence rate than the males (58.5%). The prevalence of infection was found to be associated with the socio-economic status, water supply, sanitary disposal of feces and family size. Albendazole administered as a single dose (400 mg) was found to be effective against Ascaris (100%) and hookworm (92.3%) but was not effective against Trichuris (39.2%).

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

Effect of intestinal helminthiasis on school attendance by early primary schoolchildren

Raj SM, Sein KT, Anuar AK, Mustaffa BE

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1997 3 1;91(2):131-2.

PMID: 9196748

Stool examination of 249 early primary schoolchildren at 2 schools in north-eastern peninsular Malaysia revealed that 73 were infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, 103 with Trichuris trichiura, and 18 with hookworms. Infected children were treated with a single dose of 400 mg of albendazole. The school attendance records during a 60 d period before treatment and 2 consecutive 60 d periods after treatment were examined. The absenteeism rate did not improve more among infected children after treatment than it did among the uninfected control children. The correlation between worm intensity and the number of lost school-days was poor. There was no evidence that intestinal helminthiasis caused school absenteeism among this group of children.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use

The effect of repeated chemotherapy on age-related predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura

Chan L, Kan SP, Bundy DA

Parasitology, 1992 Apr;104 ( Pt 2):371-7.

PMID: 1594301

This study examines the persistence of predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura during repeated chemotherapy in an urban community in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Significant predisposition was observed over 2 periods of reinfection with and without age-standardization of data. Analysis of different age groups indicated that predisposition was most strongly detectable in the younger age classes. The intensities of infection with both parasites were strongly correlated at each cycle of intervention, suggesting that individuals were similarly predisposed to both species.

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use*

Myocysticercosis of the Masseter Muscle

Nath S, Prajapati VK, Pulikkotil SJ

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2019 Feb;29(2):196.

PMID: 30700369 DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2019.02.196

Matched MeSH terms: Albendazole/therapeutic use*

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