Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 131 in total

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  1. Zelenev A, Li J, Shea P, Hecht R, Altice FL
    Clin Infect Dis, 2021 03 01;72(5):755-763.
    PMID: 32060534 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa142
    BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment as prevention (TasP) strategies can contribute to HCV microelimination, yet complimentary interventions such as opioid agonist therapies (OAT) with methadone or buprenorphine and syringe services programs (SSPs) may improve the prevention impact. This modeling study estimates the impact of scaling up the combination of OAT and SSPs with HCV TasP in a network of people who inject drugs (PWID) in the United States.

    METHODS: Using empirical data from Hartford, Connecticut, we deployed a stochastic block model to simulate an injection network of 1574 PWID. We used a susceptible-infected model for HCV and human immunodeficiency virus to evaluate the effectiveness of several HCV TasP strategies, including in combination with OAT and SSP scale-up, over 20 years.

    RESULTS: At the highest HCV prevalence (75%), when OAT coverage is increased from 10% to 40%, combined with HCV treatment of 10% per year and SSP scale up to 40%, the time to achieve microelimination is reduced from 18.4 to 11.6 years. At the current HCV prevalence (60%), HCV TasP strategies as low as 10% coverage per year may achieve HCV microelimination within 10 years, with minimal impact from additional OAT scale-up. Strategies based on mass initial HCV treatment (50 per 100 PWID the first year followed by 5 per 100 PWID thereafter) were most effective in settings with HCV prevalence of 60% or lower.

    CONCLUSIONS: Scale-up of HCV TasP is the most effective strategy for microelimination of HCV. OAT scale-up, however, scale-up may be synergistic toward achieving microelimination goals when HCV prevalence exceeds 60% and when HCV treatment coverage is 10 per 100 PWID per year or lower.

    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  2. Zandi K, Teoh BT, Sam SS, Wong PF, Mustafa MR, Abubakar S
    PMID: 23140177 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-214
    Dengue is a serious arboviral disease currently with no effective antiviral therapy or approved vaccine available. Therefore, finding the effective compound against dengue virus (DENV) replication is very important. Among the natural compounds, bioflavonoids derived mainly from plants are of interest because of their biological and medicinal benefits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use*
  3. Zainal N, Chang CP, Cheng YL, Wu YW, Anderson R, Wan SW, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2017 02 20;7:42998.
    PMID: 28216632 DOI: 10.1038/srep42998
    Dengue is one of the most significant mosquito-borne virus diseases worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. This study sought to examine the antiviral activity of resveratrol (RESV), a phytoalexin secreted naturally by plants, against dengue virus (DENV) infection. Our data showed that RESV inhibits the translocation of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a DNA binding protein that normally resides in the nucleus, into the cytoplasm and extracellular milieu. HMGB1 migrates out of the nucleus during DENV infection. This migration is inhibited by RESV treatment and is mediated by induction of Sirt1 which leads to the retention of HMGB1 in the nucleus and consequently helps in the increased production of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Nuclear HMGB1 was found to bind to the promoter region of the ISG and positively regulated the expression of ISG. The enhanced transcription of ISGs by nuclear HMGB1 thus contributes to the antiviral activity of RESV against DENV. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate that RESV antagonizes DENV replication and that nuclear HMGB1 plays a role in regulating ISG production.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  4. Younossi ZM, Yu ML, El-Kassas M, Esmat G, Castellanos Fernández MI, Buti M, et al.
    J Viral Hepat, 2022 Nov;29(11):1015-1025.
    PMID: 36036096 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13741
    Cure of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) can lead to improvement of health-related quality of life and other patient-reported outcomes (PROs). While extensive PRO data for CHC patients who were enrolled in clinical trials are available, similar data for patients seen in real-world practices are scarce. Our aim was to assess PROs of CHC patients enrolled from real-world practices from different regions and to compare them with those enrolled in clinical trials. CHC patients seen in clinical practices and not receiving treatment were enrolled in the Global Liver Registry (GLR). Clinical and PRO (FACIT-F, CLDQ-HCV, WPAI) data were collected and compared with the baseline data from CHC patients enrolled in clinical trials. N = 12,171 CHC patients were included (GLR n = 3146, clinical trial subjects n = 9025). Patients were from 30 countries from 6 out of 7 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) super-regions. Compared with clinical trial enrollees, patients from GLR were less commonly enrolled from High-Income GBD super-region, older, more commonly female, less employed, had more type 2 diabetes, anxiety and clinically overt fatigue but less cirrhosis (all p  0.05). In conclusion, hepatitis C patients seen in the real-world practices have PRO impairment driven by fatigue and psychiatric comorbidities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  5. Younossi ZM, Yu ML, Yilmaz Y, Alswat KA, Buti M, Fernandez MIC, et al.
    J Viral Hepat, 2023 Apr;30(4):335-344.
    PMID: 36601668 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13800
    Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is one of the most common causes of cirrhosis and liver cancer worldwide. Our aim was to assess clinical and patient-reported outcome (PRO) profile of CHB patients from different regions of the world using the Global Liver Registry. The CHB patients seen in real-world practices are being enrolled in the Global Liver Registry. Clinical and PRO (FACIT-F, CLDQ, WPAI) data were collected and compared to baseline data from CHB controls from clinical trials. The study included 1818 HBV subjects (48 ± 13 years, 58% male, 14% advanced fibrosis, 7% cirrhosis) from 15 countries in 6/7 Global Burden of Disease super-regions. The rates of advanced fibrosis varied (3-24%). The lowest PRO scores across multiple domains were in HBV subjects from the Middle East/North Africa (MENA), the highest - Southeast/East and South Asia. Subjects with advanced fibrosis had PRO impairment in 3 CLDQ domains, Activity of WPAI (p  0.10). The clinico-demographic portrait of CHB patients varies across regions of the world and enrollment settings. Advanced fibrosis and non-hepatic comorbidities are independently associated with PRO impairment in CHB patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  6. Yoneda M
    Nippon Rinsho, 2016 12;74(12):1973-1978.
    PMID: 30550652
    Nipah and Hendra virus were first identified in mid 1990s in Australia and Malaysia, caus- ing epidemics with high mortality rate in affected animals and humans. Since their first emer- gence, they continued to re-emerge in Australia and South East Asia almost every year. Nipah and Hendra virus were classified in the new genus Henipavirus because of their un- common features amongst Paramyxoviridae. Henipaviruses are zoonotic paramyxoviruses with a broad tropism, and cause severe acute respiratory disease and encephalitis. Their high virulence and wide host range make them to be given Biosecurity Level 4 status. This review summarizes details of Henipavirus emergence, reservoir hosts and pathology, and introduce recent progress in vaccines and antivirals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  7. Yew KC, Tan QR, Lim PC, Low WY, Lee CY
    Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 2024 Mar;397(3):1421-1431.
    PMID: 37728622 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02716-x
    Direct-acting antivirals (DAA) have become the treatment of choice for hepatitis C. Nevertheless, efficacy of DAA in preventing hepatitis C complications remains uncertain. We evaluated the impact of DAA on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and recurrence, all-cause mortality, liver decompensation and liver transplantation as compared to non-DAA treated hepatitis C and the association to baseline liver status. A systematic search for articles from March 1993 to March 2022 was conducted using three electronic databases. Randomized, case-control and cohort studies with comparison to non-DAA treatment and reporting at least one outcome were included. Meta-analysis and sub-group meta-analysis based on baseline liver status were performed. Of 1497 articles retrieved, 19 studies were included, comprising of 266,310 patients (56.07% male). DAA reduced HCC occurrence significantly in non-cirrhosis (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.69-0.92) and cirrhosis (RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.24-0.64) but not in decompensated cirrhosis. DAA treatment lowered HCC recurrence (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.55-0.92) especially in patients with baseline HCC and waiting for liver transplant. DAA also reduced all-cause mortality (RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23-0.78) and liver decompensation (RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.33-0.83) significantly. However, DAA did not prevent liver transplantation. The study highlighted the importance of early DAA initiation in hepatitis C treatment for benefits beyond sustained virological response. DAA therapy prevented HCC particularly in non-cirrhosis and compensated cirrhosis groups indicating benefits in preventing further worsening of liver status. Starting DAA early also reduced HCC recurrence, liver decompensation, and all-cause mortality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  8. Yazawa K, Kurokawa M, Obuchi M, Li Y, Yamada R, Sadanari H, et al.
    Antivir Chem Chemother, 2011;22(1):1-11.
    PMID: 21860068 DOI: 10.3851/IMP1782
    We examined the anti-influenza virus activity of tricin, 4',5,7-trihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxyflavone, against five viruses: A/Solomon islands/3/2006 (H1N1), A/Hiroshima/52/2005 (H3N2), A/California/07/2009 (H1N1pdm), A/Narita/1/2009 (H1N1pdm) and B/Malaysia/2506/2004 strains in vitro and against A/PR/8/34 virus in vivo.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use*
  9. Yap FBB, Kiung ST
    South. Med. J., 2009 Jun;102(6):653-5.
    PMID: 19434036 DOI: 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3181a49a71
    A 43-year-old lady with type 2 diabetes mellitus and bronchial asthma presented with varicella zoster infection, dyspnea, and neck fullness. An urgent computed tomography scan revealed a mediastinal abscess with superior vena cava thrombus. Blood, mediastinal pus, and swab from a vesiculopustule on the neck cultured group A beta hemolytic Streptococcus. She recovered with a combination of broad spectrum antimicrobials, antivirals, and surgical drainage. This case illustrates the rare occurrence of mediastinal abscess and acute superior vena cava obstruction caused by group A beta hemolytic Streptococcus complicating adult varicella zoster.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  10. Wu DBC, Chaiyakunapruk N, Pratoomsoot C, Lee KKC, Chong HY, Nelson RE, et al.
    Epidemiol Infect, 2018 03;146(4):496-507.
    PMID: 29446343 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268818000158
    Simulation models are used widely in pharmacology, epidemiology and health economics (HEs). However, there have been no attempts to incorporate models from these disciplines into a single integrated model. Accordingly, we explored this linkage to evaluate the epidemiological and economic impact of oseltamivir dose optimisation in supporting pandemic influenza planning in the USA. An HE decision analytic model was linked to a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) - dynamic transmission model simulating the impact of pandemic influenza with low virulence and low transmissibility and, high virulence and high transmissibility. The cost-utility analysis was from the payer and societal perspectives, comparing oseltamivir 75 and 150 mg twice daily (BID) to no treatment over a 1-year time horizon. Model parameters were derived from published studies. Outcomes were measured as cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the integrated model's robustness. Under both pandemic scenarios, compared to no treatment, the use of oseltamivir 75 or 150 mg BID led to a significant reduction of influenza episodes and influenza-related deaths, translating to substantial savings of QALYs. Overall drug costs were offset by the reduction of both direct and indirect costs, making these two interventions cost-saving from both perspectives. The results were sensitive to the proportion of inpatient presentation at the emergency visit and patients' quality of life. Integrating PK/PD-EPI/HE models is achievable. Whilst further refinement of this novel linkage model to more closely mimic the reality is needed, the current study has generated useful insights to support influenza pandemic planning.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use*
  11. Wong XK, Ng CS, Yeong KY
    Bioorg Chem, 2024 Mar;144:107150.
    PMID: 38309002 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107150
    Nucleobases serve as essential molecular frameworks present in both natural and synthetic compounds that exhibit notable antiviral activity. Through molecular modifications, novel nucleobase-containing drugs (NCDs) have been developed, exhibiting enhanced antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses, including the recently emerged SARS‑CoV‑2. This article provides a detailed examination of the significant advancements in NCDs from 2015 till current, encompassing various aspects concerning their mechanisms of action, pharmacology and antiviral properties. Additionally, the article discusses antiviral prodrugs relevant to the scope of this review. It fills in the knowledge gap by examining the structure-activity relationship and trend of NCDs as therapeutics against a diverse range of viral diseases, either as approved drugs, clinical candidates or as early-stage development prospects. Moreover, the article highlights on the status of this field of study and addresses the prevailing limitations encountered.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  12. Wong MH, Sockalingam S, Zain A
    Int J Rheum Dis, 2011 Aug;14(3):e38-41.
    PMID: 21816012 DOI: 10.1111/j.1756-185X.2011.01602.x
    We report a 57-year-old woman with a 20-year history of hepatitis B presenting with progressive proximal lower limb weakness for the previous 1 month. Previous medical history included a pericardial and pleural effusion, of which no cause was found and pulmonary tuberculosis which has been adequately treated. Examination revealed multiple telangiactasia over face and nail beds and bilateral proximal lower limb weakness of power 4/5. Biochemical investigation revealed a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 36 mm/h, elevated creatinine kinase levels (14,363 IU/L) and raised liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase 445 IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase 606 IU/L) with high hepatitis B virus DNA (1,021,158 copies/mL). Nerve conduction tests and muscle biopsy were consistent with polymyositis. She received entacavir for hepatitis B treatment. Despite treatment with entacavir for 10 weeks, her weakness persisted and prednisolone was added. Upon commencement of prednisolone, her symptoms and biochemical profiles returned to normal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use*
  13. Wong GL, Wong VW, Thompson A, Jia J, Hou J, Lesmana CRA, et al.
    Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020 08;5(8):776-787.
    PMID: 32585136 DOI: 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30190-4
    The COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly worldwide. It is common to encounter patients with COVID-19 with abnormal liver function, either in the form of hepatitis, cholestasis, or both. The clinical implications of liver derangement might be variable in different clinical scenarios. With growing evidence of its clinical significance, it would be clinically helpful to provide practice recommendations for various common clinical scenarios of liver derangement during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Asia-Pacific Working Group for Liver Derangement during the COVID-19 Pandemic was formed to systematically review the literature with special focus on the clinical management of patients who have been or who are at risk of developing liver derangement during this pandemic. Clinical scenarios covering the use of pharmacological treatment for COVID-19 in the case of liver derangement, and assessment and management of patients with chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver cirrhosis, and liver transplantation during the pandemic are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  14. Wei L, Lim SG, Xie Q, Văn KN, Piratvisuth T, Huang Y, et al.
    Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2019 02;4(2):127-134.
    PMID: 30555048 DOI: 10.1016/S2468-1253(18)30343-1
    BACKGROUND: Treatment with combined sofosbuvir and velpatasvir has resulted in high sustained virological response rates in patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) with genotypes 1-6 in clinical trials and real-world settings, but its efficacy and safety has not been assessed in Asia, a region with diverse HCV genotypes.

    METHODS: In this single-arm, open-label, phase 3 trial, we recruited patients from 38 sites across China, Thailand, Vietnam, Singapore, and Malaysia, who were chronically infected with HCV genotypes 1-6, and were HCV treatment-naive or treatment-experienced, either without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis. Patients self-administered a combined sofosbuvir (400 mg) and velpatasvir (100 mg) tablet once daily for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was sustained virological response, defined as HCV RNA less than 15 IU/mL at 12 weeks after completion of treatment (SVR12), assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of study drug. The primary safety endpoint was the proportion of adverse events leading to premature discontinuation of study drug. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02671500, and is completed.

    FINDINGS: Between April 14, 2016, and June 30, 2017, 375 patients were enrolled in the study, of whom 374 completed the full treatment course and one discontinued treatment. Overall, 362 (97% [95% CI 94-98]) of 375 patients achieved SVR12. Among 42 patients with HCV genotype 3b, all of whom had baseline resistance-associated substitutions in NS5A, 25 (89% [95% CI 72-98]) of 28 patients without cirrhosis and seven (50% [23-77]) of 14 patients with cirrhosis achieved SVR12. The most common adverse events were upper respiratory tract infection (36 [10%] patients) and headache (18 [5%] patients). There were no discontinuations due to adverse events. Serious adverse events were reported in three (1%) patients, none of which was judged to be related to sofosbuvir-velpatasvir treatment.

    INTERPRETATION: Consistent with data from other phase 3 studies, single-tablet sofosbuvir-velpatasvir for 12 weeks is an efficacious and safe treatment for Asian patients with chronic HCV infection, but might have lower efficacy in those infected with HCV genotype 3b and with cirrhosis.

    FUNDING: Gilead Sciences.

    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use*
  15. Wallace J, Hamid S, Mohamed R, Wong T
    Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2023 Sep;8(9):778-780.
    PMID: 37348526 DOI: 10.1016/S2468-1253(23)00161-9
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  16. WHO Solidarity Trial Consortium, Pan H, Peto R, Henao-Restrepo AM, Preziosi MP, Sathiyamoorthy V, et al.
    N Engl J Med, 2021 Feb 11;384(6):497-511.
    PMID: 33264556 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2023184
    BACKGROUND: World Health Organization expert groups recommended mortality trials of four repurposed antiviral drugs - remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and interferon beta-1a - in patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19).

    METHODS: We randomly assigned inpatients with Covid-19 equally between one of the trial drug regimens that was locally available and open control (up to five options, four active and the local standard of care). The intention-to-treat primary analyses examined in-hospital mortality in the four pairwise comparisons of each trial drug and its control (drug available but patient assigned to the same care without that drug). Rate ratios for death were calculated with stratification according to age and status regarding mechanical ventilation at trial entry.

    RESULTS: At 405 hospitals in 30 countries, 11,330 adults underwent randomization; 2750 were assigned to receive remdesivir, 954 to hydroxychloroquine, 1411 to lopinavir (without interferon), 2063 to interferon (including 651 to interferon plus lopinavir), and 4088 to no trial drug. Adherence was 94 to 96% midway through treatment, with 2 to 6% crossover. In total, 1253 deaths were reported (median day of death, day 8; interquartile range, 4 to 14). The Kaplan-Meier 28-day mortality was 11.8% (39.0% if the patient was already receiving ventilation at randomization and 9.5% otherwise). Death occurred in 301 of 2743 patients receiving remdesivir and in 303 of 2708 receiving its control (rate ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81 to 1.11; P = 0.50), in 104 of 947 patients receiving hydroxychloroquine and in 84 of 906 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.59; P = 0.23), in 148 of 1399 patients receiving lopinavir and in 146 of 1372 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.25; P = 0.97), and in 243 of 2050 patients receiving interferon and in 216 of 2050 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.39; P = 0.11). No drug definitely reduced mortality, overall or in any subgroup, or reduced initiation of ventilation or hospitalization duration.

    CONCLUSIONS: These remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and interferon regimens had little or no effect on hospitalized patients with Covid-19, as indicated by overall mortality, initiation of ventilation, and duration of hospital stay. (Funded by the World Health Organization; ISRCTN Registry number, ISRCTN83971151; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04315948.).

    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use*
  17. Tomashek KM, Wills B, See Lum LC, Thomas L, Durbin A, Leo YS, et al.
    PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2018 10;12(10):e0006497.
    PMID: 30286085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006497
    Dengue is a major public health problem worldwide. Although several drug candidates have been evaluated in randomized controlled trials, none has been effective and at present, early recognition of severe dengue and timely supportive care are used to reduce mortality. While the first dengue vaccine was recently licensed, and several other candidates are in late stage clinical trials, future decisions regarding widespread deployment of vaccines and/or therapeutics will require evidence of product safety, efficacy and effectiveness. Standard, quantifiable clinical endpoints are needed to ensure reproducibility and comparability of research findings. To address this need, we established a working group of dengue researchers and public health specialists to develop standardized endpoints and work towards consensus opinion on those endpoints. After discussion at two working group meetings and presentations at international conferences, a Delphi methodology-based query was used to finalize and operationalize the clinical endpoints. Participants were asked to select the best endpoints from proposed definitions or offer revised/new definitions, and to indicate whether contributing items should be designated as optional or required. After the third round of inquiry, 70% or greater agreement was reached on moderate and severe plasma leakage, moderate and severe bleeding, acute hepatitis and acute liver failure, and moderate and severe neurologic disease. There was less agreement regarding moderate and severe thrombocytopenia and moderate and severe myocarditis. Notably, 68% of participants agreed that a 50,000 to 20,000 mm3 platelet range be used to define moderate thrombocytopenia; however, they remained divided on whether a rapid decreasing trend or one platelet count should be case defining. While at least 70% agreement was reached on most endpoints, the process identified areas for further evaluation and standardization within the context of ongoing clinical studies. These endpoints can be used to harmonize data collection and improve comparability between dengue clinical trials.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  18. Thalha AMM, Lee YY, Besari A, Omar SFS
    J R Coll Physicians Edinb, 2020 06;50(2):159-161.
    PMID: 32568289 DOI: 10.4997/JRCPE.2020.217
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use*
  19. Thakur N, Bailey D
    Microbes Infect, 2019;21(7):278-286.
    PMID: 30817995 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2019.02.002
    Nipah virus is an emerging zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes severe and often fatal respiratory and neurological disease in humans. The virus was first discovered after an outbreak of encephalitis in pig farmers in Malaysia and Singapore with subsequent outbreaks in Bangladesh or India occurring almost annually. Due to the highly pathogenic nature of NiV, its pandemic potential, and the lack of licensed vaccines or therapeutics, there is a requirement for research and development into highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tools as well as antivirals and vaccines to help prevent and control future outbreak situations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
  20. Tang LI, Ling AP, Koh RY, Chye SM, Voon KG
    PMID: 22244370 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-3
    Dengue fever regardless of its serotypes has been the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral diseases among the world population. The development of a dengue vaccine is complicated by the antibody-dependent enhancement effect. Thus, the development of a plant-based antiviral preparation promises a more potential alternative in combating dengue disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
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