Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 558 in total

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  1. Alias H, Lau SCD, Schuitema I, de Sonneville LMJ
    Front Psychol, 2018;9:703.
    PMID: 29896137 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00703
    Objective: This study aimed to evaluate neuropsychological consequences in survivors of childhood brain tumor. Method: A case-control study was conducted over a period of 4 months in a tertiary referral center in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Fourteen survivors of childhood brain tumor aged 7-18 years, who were off-treatment for at least 1 year and were in remission, and 31 unrelated healthy controls were recruited. The median age at diagnosis was 8.20 years (range: 0.92-12.96 years). The diagnoses of brain tumors were medulloblastoma, germ cell tumor, pineocytoma, pilocystic astrocytoma, suprasellar germinoma, and ependymoma. Eleven survivors received central nervous system irradiation. Seven tasks were selected from the Amsterdam Neuropsychological Tasks program to evaluate alertness (processing speed), and major aspects of executive functioning, such as working memory capacity, inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and sustained attention. Speed, stability and accuracy of responses were the main outcome measures. Results: Survivors of childhood brain tumor showed statistically significant poorer performance on all tasks compared to healthy controls. Both processing speed and accuracy were impaired in the survivors, in particular under more complex task conditions. The survivors demonstrated deficits in alertness, sustained attention, working memory capacity, executive visuomotor control, and cognitive flexibility. Longer duration off treatment appeared to be correlated with poorer alertness, memory capacity, and inhibition. Conclusion: Survivors of childhood brain tumor in our center showed impaired neuropsychological functioning. Development of less toxic treatment protocols is important to prevent late effects of cognitive deficits in survivors of childhood brain tumor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  2. Bochud F, Cantone MC, Applegate K, Coffey M, Damilakis J, Del Rosario Perez M, et al.
    Ann ICRP, 2020 Dec;49(1_suppl):143-153.
    PMID: 32777956 DOI: 10.1177/0146645320929630
    Whereas scientific evidence is the basis for recommendations and guidance on radiological protection, professional ethics is critically important and should always guide professional behaviour. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) established Task Group 109 to advise medical professionals, patients, families, carers, the public, and authorities about the ethical aspects of radiological protection of patients in the diagnostic and therapeutic use of radiation in medicine. Occupational exposures and research-related exposures are not within the scope of this task group. Task Group 109 will produce a report that will be available to the different interested parties for consultation before publication. Presently, the report is at the stage of a working document that has benefitted from an international workshop organised on the topic by the World Health Organization. It presents the history of ethics in medicine in ICRP, and explains why this subject is important, and the benefits it can bring to the standard biomedical ethics. As risk is an essential part in decision-making and communication, a summary is included on what is known about the dose-effect relationship, with emphasis on the associated uncertainties. Once this theoretical framework has been presented, the report becomes resolutely more practical. First, it proposes an evaluation method to analyse specific situations from an ethical point of view. This method allows stakeholders to review a set of six ethical values and provides hints on how they could be balanced. Next, various situations (e.g. pregnancy, elderly, paediatric, end of life) are considered in two steps: first within a realistic, ethically challenging scenario on which the evaluation method is applied; and second within a more general context. Scenarios are presented and discussed with attention to specific patient circumstances, and on how and which reflections on ethical values can be of help in the decision-making process. Finally, two important related aspects are considered: how should we communicate with patients, family, and other stakeholders; and how should we incorporate ethics into the education and training of medical professionals?
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  3. Nyi, Nyi Naing, Zabidi Azhar Mohd Hussin, Nawaz Hussin, Menaga, M., Aw Linda, Raihan, S., et al.
    MyJurnal
    A sample of 204 handicapped children below 12 years of age consisting of 121(59.3%) males and 83 (40.7%) females who were classified into various types of mental and physical handicaps, were surveyed in April and May 1996. The majority of those with mental handicaps were Down Syndrome while those with cerebral palsy were the mostfrequent cause of physical handicaps. A structured questionnaire was used for interviewing the children parents to evaluate their attitude towards their handicapped children. The majority of the parents expressed their opinions that having handicapped children was not a burden to them although these children had to be given more attention. However, a significant minority felt that the child would be afinancial burden to the family and that he/she would restrict the social life of the family. The majority of the children were sent to school, as parents felt it was their duty to do so. For those children not attending school, the majority of parents felt that the children would not benefit by going. The others could not do so because offinancial constraints or because of the distance between home and school. For these children, provid-ing hostel facilities in a boarding school could be the answer. This study shows that parental love and support plays a major role in ensuring optimal growth and development of a handicapped child
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  4. Wan Ab Rahman WS, Abdullah WZ, Husin A, Nik Mohd Hassan NFF, Hassan MN, Zulkafli Z
    Malays J Pathol, 2019 Aug;41(2):185-189.
    PMID: 31427554
    INTRODUCTION: Acquired haemophilia A (AHA) is a rare acquired bleeding disorder caused by polyclonal immunoglobulin G autoantibodies against clotting factor VIII (FVIII). The incidence was reported to be rare occurring in 0.2- 4 cases/million/year. Patients may present with different clinical manifestations to various specialties. Early recognition of the disease contributes to favourable clinical outcome.

    CASE SERIES: Here, we reported five cases of this disorder with different clinical presentations from two tertiary hospitals in Kelantan state, Malaysia within a two year-period. Most of them were elderly, except for one who presented at the age of 36 years old. No direct or secondary cause was identified except for one patient who had developed from pregnancy-related at 3 weeks postpartum. These patients presented with spontaneous bleeding typically into skin, muscles, and mucous membranes but also at rare site in the epidural space. All patients denied previous history of bleeding or family history of bleeding disorder. FVIII activities were recorded between <1% to 19%, while the inhibitor titre levels were between 3.9 BU to 340 BU. The treatment approaches especially at presentation were complicated by unfamiliarity of managing this rare condition but all these patients received appropriate medical attention.

    DISCUSSION: Prompt diagnosis and management in the right hand are critical. Awareness of this disorder by medical personnel at all levels in the community and in various specialties is important.

    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  5. Qin Y, O Santos H, Khani V, Tan SC, Zhi Y
    Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 2020 08 28;30(9):1465-1475.
    PMID: 32675010 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.05.015
    BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation has gained attention in individuals with adrenal insufficiency, and as a tool for increasing androgens and estrogens whereby is proposed to improve the accretion of muscle and bone mass. However, DHEA supplementation has demonstrated negative effects on the lipid profile and, thus, we aimed to analyze the body of evidence in this regard.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed employing in Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar, then including relevant articles that addressed the effects of DHEA supplementation on the lipid profile, up to February 2020. Combined findings were generated from 23 eligible articles. Hence, total cholesterol (TC) (weighted mean difference (WMD): -3.5 mg/dl, 95% confidence interval (CI): -8.5 to 1.6)), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD: 0.34 mg/dl, 95% CI: -3 to 3.7) and triglycerides (TG) levels (WMD: -2.85 mg/dl, 95% CI: -9.3 to 3.6) did not alter in DHEA group compared to the control, but HDL-C levels significantly reduced in DHEA group (WMD: -3.1 mg/dl, 95% CI: -4.9 to -1.3). In addition, a significant reduction in HDL-C values was observed in studies comprising women (WMD: -5.1 mg/dl, 95% CI: -7.2 to -3) but not in males (WMD: 0.13 mg/dl, 95% CI: -1.4 to 1.7).

    CONCLUSIONS: Overall, supplementation with DHEA did not change circulating values of TC, LDL-C and TG, whereas it may decrease HDL-C levels. Further long-term RCTs are required to investigate the effects of DHEA particularly on major adverse cardiac events.

    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  6. Kiani MJ, Harun FK, Ahmadi MT, Rahmani M, Saeidmanesh M, Zare M
    Nanoscale Res Lett, 2014;9(1):371.
    PMID: 25114659 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276X-9-371
    Graphene is an attention-grabbing material in electronics, physics, chemistry, and even biology because of its unique properties such as high surface-area-to-volume ratio. Also, the ability of graphene-based materials to continuously tune charge carriers from holes to electrons makes them promising for biological applications, especially in lipid bilayer-based sensors. Furthermore, changes in charged lipid membrane properties can be electrically detected by a graphene-based electrolyte-gated graphene field effect transistor (GFET). In this paper, a monolayer graphene-based GFET with a focus on the conductance variation caused by membrane electric charges and thickness is studied. Monolayer graphene conductance as an electrical detection platform is suggested for neutral, negative, and positive electric-charged membrane. The electric charge and thickness of the lipid bilayer (Q LP and L LP) as a function of carrier density are proposed, and the control parameters are defined. Finally, the proposed analytical model is compared with experimental data which indicates good overall agreement.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  7. Nur Nazlina Saimon, Heng Khuan Eu, Anwar Johari, Norzita Ngadi, Mazura Jusoh, Zaki Yamani Zakaria
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:109-115.
    Biodiesel, one of the renewable energy sources has gained attention for decades as the alternative fuel due to its remarkable properties. However, there are several drawbacks from the industrial production of biodiesel such as the spike in the production cost, environmental issues related to the usage of homogeneous catalyst and profitability in long term. One of the solutions to eliminate the problem is by utilizing low cost starting material such as palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD). PFAD is a byproduct from the refining of crude palm oil and abundantly available. Esterification of PFAD to biodiesel will be much easier with the presence of heterogeneous acid catalyst. Most of acid catalyst preparation involves series of heating process using conventional method. In this study, microwave was utilized in catalyst preparation, significantly reducing the reaction time from conventional heating method. The catalyst produced was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer Emmet and Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Temperature-Programmed Desorption - Ammonia (TPD-NH3) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) while percentage yield and conversion of the PFAD were analysed by gas chromatography - flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and acid-base titration, respectively. It has been demonstrated that the percentage yield of biodiesel from the PFAD by employing sulfonated glucose acid catalyst (SGAC) reached 98.23% under the following conditions: molar ratio of methanol to PFAD of 10:1, catalyst loading of 2.5% and reaction temperature of 70oC. The microwave-assisted SGAC showed its potential to replace the SGAC produced via conventional heating method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  8. Sharifah Sulaiha SA, Nazimah I, Zainurrashid Z
    Malays Fam Physician, 2010;5(3):126-129.
    PMID: 25606203 MyJurnal
    Women at the end of their reproductive age often complain of climacteric symptoms which can be quite debilitating at times. Physiological changes due to deficient oestrogen have received global attention in the search for an acceptable and safe measure to improve quality of life for women with these complaints. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) used to be the main treatment for menopausal symptoms. Lately there are concerns about its possible adverse effects of increasing risks of breast malignancy, heart diseases, etc. Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM) plays a significant role in relieving these climacteric symptoms especially in women with contraindications to hormonal therapy and in those who are worried of its adverse effects. It is important for women to be aware of these CAM to provide them with options to improve their quality of life. This paper explores other pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures as alternatives to hormone replacement therapy (HRT), to assess how useful and reliable they are according to available scientific evidence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  9. Hashim HA, Zainol NA
    Psychol Health Med, 2015;20(5):623-8.
    PMID: 25603900 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2014.1002851
    This study compared the effects of 6 and 12 sessions of relaxation training on emotional distress, short-term memory, and sustained attention in primary school children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention/physiology*
  10. George, Mitchel Constance, Murthy, Krishna Dilip, Zainal Arifin Mustapha
    MyJurnal
    Prenatal exposure to chronic stress during critical periods of foetal development produces depression, attention and learning deficits, hormonal imbalances and affects the brain. The effect of prenatal restraint-stress on the postnatal developmental milestones, anthropometric measurements, and the body, brain and adrenal gland weights of the pups were examined and compared with the unrestrained control and the restrained group under the pyramid at postnatal day 10 and 21. Pregnant rats were restrained (9h/day) from gestation day 7 until parturition. Results showed significant delay in the milestones by one day in the restraint control (RC) compared to the unrestrained normal control (NC), while pups of the restrained pyramid (RP) group did not show the delay. Significant decreases in the anthropometric measurements, body and brain weights in RC group were observed at both postnatal days, while the RP group results matched with the NC group. Significant increase in the adrenal weights was found in the RC group compared to NC group and not the RP group. Results suggest prenatal restraint-stress definitely hampers the developmental milestones, anthropometric measurements, and body and brain weights of the young offspring. Results suggest, pyramid environment counteracts and protects the deleterious effects of chronic prenatal stress.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  11. Muhammad Azwadi Sulaiman, Hutagalung, Sabar D., Zainal A. Ahmad
    MyJurnal
    CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) has attracted a great attention for electronic devices miniaturization due to its
    very high dielectric constant properties at a wide range of frequency and nearly constant over broad temperature range. The origins of the giant dielectric constant have been speculated from electrical heterogeneous of interior elements of the CCTO ceramics. Four origins were suggested contributed to the electrical heterogeneous. In this study heat treatment were done with the electrode contact in Argon gas environment and the electrical properties over very wide frequency of CCTO ceramics were investigated. Cylindrical CCTO pellets samples were prepared by solid state reaction method and single phase of XRD pattern was obtained after sintering processes. Electrical impedance responds were measured at frequency from 100 Hz to 1 GHz for the samples for untreated and heat treated at 200ºC, 250ºC, 300ºC, 350ºC and 400ºC of CCTO. Improvement to the dielectric constant can be seen for 350ºC and 400ºC samples and dielectric loss were improved for 200ºC and 300ºC samples for overall frequency. The variations were discussed based on oxygen deficiency content and resistivity of the elements inside of CCTO structure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  12. Sungkar T, Rozi MF, Dairi LB, Zain LH
    Malays J Med Sci, 2019 Mar;26(2):59-65.
    PMID: 31447609 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.2.7
    Background: Liver cirrhosis and the child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score are inseparable entities in liver disease. CTP score is largely known as the mortality and prognosis predictor. Nevertheless, ferritin emerges as a simple biomarker related to prognosis. The study aimed to determine whether there was a significant correlation between serum ferritin levels and CTP score.

    Methods: The study analysed 54 decompensated liver cirrhotic patients including 17 females and 37 males between May 2016 and May 2017 at the Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. Ferritin levels were, then, divided into trichotomous cut-off value (< 200 ng/mL, n = 22; 200-400 ng/mL, n = 5; and > 400 ng/mL, n = 27). Data was analysed using SPSS version 12.0 (continuous variables were assessed by the Kruskal-Wallis test and Chi-square test was used for categorical variables). In addition, Spearman correlation test was used to determine any significant correlation between ferritin levels and CTP score.

    Results: Based on data analysis, gender and CTP score were related to higher ferritin levels (P = 0.002 and P = 0.018, respectively). Furthermore, a significant correlation between serum ferritin levels and CTP score was obtained in to moderate degree (P = 0.000; r = 0.487).

    Conclusions: There might be a significant role of serum ferritin levels in predicting mortality and prognosis among decompensated liver cirrhosis patients but it still needs further attention.

    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  13. Karim AA, Tie AP, Manan DMA, Zaidul ISM
    Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf, 2008 Jul;7(3):215-228.
    PMID: 33467803 DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2008.00042.x
      The common industrial starches are typically derived from cereals (corn, wheat, rice, sorghum), tubers (potato, sweet potato), roots (cassava), and legumes (mung bean, green pea). Sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) starch is perhaps the only example of commercial starch derived from another source, the stem of palm (sago palm). Sago palm has the ability to thrive in the harsh swampy peat environment of certain areas. It is estimated that there are about 2 million ha of natural sago palm forests and about 0.14 million ha of planted sago palm at present, out of a total swamp area of about 20 million ha in Asia and the Pacific Region, most of which are under- or nonutilized. Growing in a suitable environment with organized farming practices, sago palm could have a yield potential of up to 25 tons of starch per hectare per year. Sago starch yield per unit area could be about 3 to 4 times higher than that of rice, corn, or wheat, and about 17 times higher than that of cassava. Compared to the common industrial starches, however, sago starch has been somewhat neglected and relatively less attention has been devoted to the sago palm and its starch. Nevertheless, a number of studies have been published covering various aspects of sago starch such as molecular structure, physicochemical and functional properties, chemical/physical modifications, and quality issues. This article is intended to piece together the accumulated knowledge and highlight some pertinent information related to sago palm and sago starch studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  14. Yuzila Md Yusof
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: According to PDRM statistic, in average, 100 babies are dumped every year, in Malaysia. The stig-ma of having babies out of wedlock, feeling of desperation and lack of support are some reasons why babies were dumped at the unimaginable places. Even if they were found and saved, these babies will be placed and raised at institutions. This will lead to the negative effects of institutionalisation as they do not receive appropriate adult care and attention which is crucial in developing their potential. OrphanCare Foundation advocates and provides services that ensure babies and children who are in institutions and those whose lives are at risk grow up in the care of a loving family. Methods: OrpahnCare Foundation provides a safe haven for babies that are being abandoned through baby hatch centres, finding a family for these babies through a legal adoption programme, and deinstitutionalisation (DI) i.e. removing all children currently in institutions, to family based care. Results: Since 2010, OrphanCare Foun-dation has saved a total of 369 babies and successfully arranged for the adoption of 221 babies. Forty even children were taken out from institutions and brought home to their families. Conclusion: The best place for a child to grow up is in the love and care of a family. They will receive personalised guidance, support and love that they need to develop to their full potential.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  15. Rashidi NA, Yusup S
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2019 Nov;26(33):33732-33746.
    PMID: 29740771 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1903-8
    The feasibility of biomass-based activated carbons has received a huge attention due to their excellent characteristics such as inexpensiveness, good adsorption behaviour and potential to reduce a strong dependency towards non-renewable precursors. Therefore, in this research work, eco-friendly activated carbon from palm kernel shell that has been produced from one-stage physical activation by using the Box-Behnken design of Response Surface Methodology is highlighted. The effect of three input parameters-temperature, dwell time and gas flow rate-towards product yield and carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake at room temperature and atmospheric pressure are studied. Model accuracy has been evaluated through the ANOVA analysis and lack-of-fit test. Accordingly, the optimum condition in synthesising the activated carbon with adequate CO2 adsorption capacity of 2.13 mmol/g and product yield of 25.15 wt% is found at a temperature of 850 °C, holding time of 60 min and CO2 flow rate of 450 cm3/min. The synthesised activated carbon has been characterised by diverse analytical instruments including thermogravimetric analyser, scanning electron microscope, as well as N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The characterisation analysis indicates that the synthesised activated carbon has higher textural characteristics and porosity, together with better thermal stability and carbon content as compared to pristine palm kernel shell. Activated carbon production via one-step activation approach is economical since its carbon yield is within the industrial target, whereas CO2 uptake is comparable to the synthesised activated carbon from conventional dual-stage activation, commercial activated carbon and other published data from literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  16. Hutagalung, Sabar D., Eng, Siew T., Zainal A. Ahmad, Ishak Mat, Yussof Wahab
    MyJurnal
    One-dimensional nanostructure materials are very attractive because of their electronic and optical properties depending on their size. It is well known that properties of material can be tuned by reducing size to nanoscale because at the small sizes, that they behave differently with its bulk materials and the band gap will control by the size. The tunability of the band gap makes nanostructured materials useful for many applications. As one of the wide band gaps semiconductor compounds, zinc selenide (ZnSe) nanostructures (nanoparticles, nanowires, nanorods) have received much attention for the application in optoelectronic devices, such as blue laser diode, light emitting diodes, solar cells and IR optical windows. In this study, ZnSe nanostructures have been synthesized by reduction process of zinc selenate using hydrazine hydrate (N2H4.2H2O). The reductive agent of hydrazine hydrate was added to the starting materials of zinc selenate were heat treated at 500 o C for 1 hour under argon flow to form onedimensional nanostructures. The SEM and TEM images show the formation of nanocompositelike structures, which some small nanobars and nanopellets stick to the rod. The x-ray diffraction and elemental composition analysis confirm the formation of mixture zinc oxide and zinc selenide phases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  17. Hassan AB, Begum T, Reza MF, Yusoff N
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Nov;23(6):70-82.
    PMID: 28090181 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2016.23.6.8
    Previous studies have revealed that self-related tasks (items) receive more attention than non-self-related, and that they elicit event-related potential (ERP) components with larger amplitudes. Since personality has been reported as one of the biological correlates influencing these components, as well as our behavioural differences, it is important to examine how it affects our self-consciousness in relation to tasks of varied relevance and the neurological basis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  18. Eng-Chong T, Yean-Kee L, Chin-Fei C, Choon-Han H, Sher-Ming W, Li-Ping CT, et al.
    PMID: 23243448 DOI: 10.1155/2012/473637
    Boesenbergia rotunda is a herb from the Boesenbergia genera under the Zingiberaceae family. B. rotunda is widely found in Asian countries where it is commonly used as a food ingredient and in ethnomedicinal preparations. The popularity of its ethnomedicinal usage has drawn the attention of scientists worldwide to further investigate its medicinal properties. Advancement in drug design and discovery research has led to the development of synthetic drugs from B. rotunda metabolites via bioinformatics and medicinal chemistry studies. Furthermore, with the advent of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, new insights on the biosynthetic pathways of B. rotunda metabolites can be elucidated, enabling researchers to predict the potential bioactive compounds responsible for the medicinal properties of the plant. The vast biological activities exhibited by the compounds obtained from B. rotunda warrant further investigation through studies such as drug discovery, polypharmacology, and drug delivery using nanotechnology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
  19. Nazariah Harun, Ravivarma Rao Panirselvam, Yusni Yusuff
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Children and adolescents requiring mental health services are increasing. This paper is a registry of new clients in the Child and Adolescent Mental Health (CAMH) outpatient clinic of Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim (HSAH), Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia from January 2014 to December 2014.
    Objectives: We aimed to determine the trends of different types of mental disorders in first contact clients at an outpatient CAMH clinic in HSAH. Thereafter, we sought to compare the differences in demographics with types of illness and treatments modalities. Method: We reviewed electronic case records retrospectively for the study period from January 2014 to December 2014 and universal sampling was done.
    Results: During the study period, there were 160 new cases. The highest number of patients were from the primary school age group with a mean age of 9.98 years. The highest incidence was Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (23.8%), followed by Autism Spectrum Disorder (17.5%) and others at 15.6%. Out of those sampled, 61% were treated pharmacologically and 39% were receiving non-pharmacological treatment.
    Conclusions: There is a need to enhance and expand services to enable the client and family to obtain the necessary intervention. With improved screening and empowerment of the family, better outcomes could be achieved for the client.

    Study site: outpatient clinic of Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim (HSAH)
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
  20. Nik Nur Syafika Pahri, Nur Huda Syazwani Jafri, Husna Ahmad Tajuddin, Yusilawati Ahmad Nor
    MyJurnal
    Effective treatment of wastewater is crucial in order to achieve a sustainable development. For instance, highly efficient treatment processes with low capital requirements are the major prerequisite for implementation of the advanced wastewater treatment operations. Among various available treatment methods, the application of coagulation-flocculation process by using natural coagulant; chitosan has vast advantages such as low operating cost, environmental friendly and highly effective in the wastewater treatment operations. The application of nanotechnology in numerous treatment techniques are considered as the most significant advances in water and wastewater treatment practices. The utilization of magnesium oxide (MgO) as nano-adsorbent has recently gained attention as a potential treatment method in water remediation particularly for treating effluents with high amount of organic dyes and heavy metals due to its high treatment efficiency, low cost, versatility and environment compatibility. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of coagulation-flocculation process when using novel coagulant in which MgO coated with chitosan by investigating the percentage removal of several significant parameters which were turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and suspended solid. The removal efficiencies were determined throughout a series of experiments carried out using a standard jar test procedure in which three different coagulants; chitosan, MgO coated with chitosan and MgO were tested on water samples taken from Sg. Pusu. In addition, a set of experiments was designed using response surface methodology (RSM) in order to optimize adsorption of chitosan into MgO. The experiments were conducted at various concentrations of chitosan (10-30 mg/ml) and selected MgO dosage ranges (10-30 mg). From the obtained results, it was found that chitosan-MgO coagulant has good removal efficiencies of turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and suspended solids at 92%, 91%, and 98% respectively from the optimization of adsorption of chitosan-MgO. The MgO coated with chitosan is the best coagulant in this study compared to chitosan and MgO alone because of the ability of treating the river water with up to 90 % removal for all the main parameters. The results showed that coagulation-flocculation is effective as a treatment for treating river water.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attention
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