Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 672 in total

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  1. Abbasian Ardakani A, Bureau NJ, Ciaccio EJ, Acharya UR
    Comput Methods Programs Biomed, 2022 Mar;215:106609.
    PMID: 34990929 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106609
    Radiomics is a newcomer field that has opened new windows for precision medicine. It is related to extraction of a large number of quantitative features from medical images, which may be difficult to detect visually. Underlying tumor biology can change physical properties of tissues, which affect patterns of image pixels and radiomics features. The main advantage of radiomics is that it can characterize the whole tumor non-invasively, even after a single sampling from an image. Therefore, it can be linked to a "digital biopsy". Physicians need to know about radiomics features to determine how their values correlate with the appearance of lesions and diseases. Indeed, physicians need practical references to conceive of basics and concepts of each radiomics feature without knowing their sophisticated mathematical formulas. In this review, commonly used radiomics features are illustrated with practical examples to help physicians in their routine diagnostic procedures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  2. Abd Rahim A, Muhammad R, Ismail F, Wong YP, Che Abdul Aziz R, Chong GY, et al.
    Malays J Pathol, 2023 Aug;45(2):275-283.
    PMID: 37658537
    Thyroid carcinoma is uncommon. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) represents the majority of differentiated thyroid carcinoma and is a recognised complication of prior exposure to ionizing radiation. Even more uncommon is the synchronous occurrence of PTC with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) as multiple primary malignancies. We report a 33-year-old mother of three who developed asymptomatic thyroid nodule for four years, and neck swelling for the recent ten months. She denied constitutional symptoms or B symptoms, and thyroid profiles were normal. Initially, metastatic thyroid cancer was suspected based on ultrasound scan findings of enlarged left thyroid gland and enlarged supraclavicular lymph nodes (LN). However, fine needle aspiration examinations of the thyroid nodule were inconclusive, and the supraclavicular LN was suspicious of HL. Computerised tomography scan detected a large mass at the thyroid glands and lymphadenopathies in the mediastinal, hilar, subcarinal and axilla with dimensions up to 6 cm. Left hemi-thyroidectomy with left supraclavicular LN biopsy revealed PTC in the left thyroid lobe measuring 38 x 25 x 18 mm, and the left supraclavicular LN was not definitive of HL. Completion thyroidectomy on the right side, bilateral central neck dissection and excision biopsy of the right supraclavicular LN revealed the presence of HL in the right supraclavicular LN, and both HL and metastatic PTC in right central LN. After multidisciplinary discussions, the patient received chemotherapy at four weeks postoperatively and achieved complete remission. This report highlights the importance of patient-centered approach and multidisciplinary consensus within lack of established guidelines, given rarity of the case.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy, Fine-Needle
  3. Abd Rahim SNH, Ahmad NA, Mohamed-Yassin MS
    Am J Case Rep, 2021 Jun 25;22:e932320.
    PMID: 34170887 DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.932320
    BACKGROUND Trichoblastoma is a rare, benign, cutaneous adnexal neoplasm arising from rudimentary hair follicles. The incidence and prevalence in the general population is unknown. However, most cases occur in adults aged 40 years and older. CASE REPORT A 62-year-old woman presented to our primary care clinic for a hypertension and diabetes followup visit. The doctor, who had never seen the patient before, noticed several small lumps over the patient's eyebrows. After she removed her headscarf and face mask for a thorough examination, numerous skin-colored papules and nodules were seen on her nose, nasal bridge, forehead, and around her eyebrows. She was referred to a dermatologist, and a skin biopsy showed well-circumscribed dermal nests of basaloid cells, with peripheral palisading, and keratin horn cysts surrounded by dense fibrous stroma. These features were consistent with trichoblastoma. She was then referred to a plastic surgeon to discuss further management options. The patient finally chose laser ablation as she was fearful of the other more invasive surgical options. CONCLUSIONS This is a very rare case of extensive facial trichoblastoma. It highlights the need for clinicians to ensure optimal exposure when examining patients. It also highlights the role of biopsies for skin lesions of uncertain etiology. In this case, it helped to rule out basal cell carcinoma, which can be a more locally destructive condition than trichoblastoma. This case also serves as a reminder about the need for ongoing review and referral for further management for conditions for which previous treatment was unsuccessful.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  4. Abdul Azih, M.N., Hin, H.S., Kori, A.N., Rahman, A.A., Chunn, K.Y.
    MyJurnal
    We report a 26-year old lady who presented with chronic cough and breathlessness associated with subtle
    TB symptoms for 1 year. Her CT thorax showed multiple cavitating pulmonary nodules with mediastinal and
    cervical lymphadenopathy. Cervical lymph node biopsy and CT-guided pulmonary biopsy at our centre
    confirmed the diagnosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma with pulmonary infiltrations. She was successfully treated
    with ABVD regime but later developed life-threatening bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Sadly, she
    succumbed to respiratory failure due to severe pneumonia with possibility of bleomycin-induced pulmonary
    fibrosis. Multiple cavitating pulmonary nodules secondary to lymphoma is rare and in TB endemic area, it
    may result in delayed diagnosis and treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  5. Abdul Hadi D, Mansharan Kaur CS, Effat O, Siew SF
    Trop Biomed, 2019 Dec 01;36(4):850-854.
    PMID: 33597457
    Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious disease on the rise caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis and health care workers working in emergency departments, medical wards and autopsy rooms are in danger of contacting this disease. We present a case of a 42 year old man found dead under a pedestrian bridge with no medical history available. Post mortem computed tomography showed multiple cavities involving upper lobes of both lungs and areas of consolidation in both lung fields raising the suspicion of pulmonary tuberculosis. This was followed by a computed tomography guided lung biopsy and a limited conventional autopsy done in situ in a special high risk autopsy suite with appropriate ventilation. This case highlights the importance of cross sectional imaging which can be coupled with image guided biopsy in cases of infectious disease to reduce the risk of transmission to health care workers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  6. Abdul Rahim, N.I.H., Ngah, N.A., Ramanathan, A., George, T., Ismail, S.M.
    Ann Dent, 2011;18(1):24-29.
    MyJurnal
    Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant neoplasm of the bone. Osteosarcoma of the jaws especially those of maxilla is rare. The diagnosis of osteosarcomas is difficult and challenging. In this case report we highlight a rare case of osteosarcoma of the maxilla in a 29 year old male patient which was highly aggressive and was initially diagnosed as rhabdomyosarcoma. This case highlights the difficulty in diagnosing osteosarcoma merely from incisional biopsy specimens which may not be representative of the whole tumour. Limited clinical information at incisional biopsy also adds to the difficulty in arriving at the definitive diagnosis. We further discuss the treatment modalities followed in this case.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  7. Abdullah BJ, Yeong CH, Goh KL, Yoong BK, Ho GF, Yim CC, et al.
    Eur Radiol, 2014 Jan;24(1):79-85.
    PMID: 23928933 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-013-2979-7
    OBJECTIVE: Computed tomography (CT)-compatible robots, both commercial and research-based, have been developed with the intention of increasing the accuracy of needle placement and potentially improving the outcomes of therapies in addition to reducing clinical staff and patient exposure to radiation during CT fluoroscopy. In the case of highly inaccessible lesions that require multiple plane angulations, robotically assisted needles may improve biopsy access and targeted drug delivery therapy by avoidance of the straight line path of normal linear needles.

    METHODS: We report our preliminary experience of performing radiofrequency ablation of the liver using a robotic-assisted CT guidance system on 11 patients (17 lesions).

    RESULTS/CONCLUSION: Robotic-assisted planning and needle placement appears to have high accuracy, is technically easier than the non-robotic-assisted procedure, and involves a significantly lower radiation dose to both patient and support staff.

    KEY POINTS: • An early experience of robotic-assisted radiofrequency ablation is reported • Robotic-assisted RFA improves accuracy of hepatic lesion targeting • Robotic-assisted RFA makes the procedure technically easier with significant lower radiation dose.

    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  8. Abdullah M
    ANZ J Surg, 2002 Sep;72(9):660-4.
    PMID: 12269919
    There have been few detailed studies on thyroid cancer (TC) in Malaysia, a multiethnic country with three major races - Malays, Chinese and Indians.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy, Needle
  9. Abdullah MA, Abdullah SM, Kumar SV, Hoque MZ
    Hematol Rep, 2019 Sep 18;11(3):8167.
    PMID: 31579124 DOI: 10.4081/hr.2019.8167
    A 3-year-old male child was presented with worsening abdominal pain, abdominal distension, lethargy, pallor and hepatosplenomegaly. The patient had multiple outpatient visits in the past and was treated with oral antibiotics, oral anthelmintic agents, albeit with minimal benefit. The patient also had non-neutropenic pyrexia spikes and oral ulcers. The patient was an adopted child; hence details about his biological parents' previous history were unclear. Differential diagnosis of Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML), Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML), Gaucher's disease, Thalassemia and discrete pancreatic pathology was considered. Hemoglobin electrophoresis was indicative of thalassemia. Also, molecular detection method by polymerase chain reaction confirms a concurrent infection with Plasmodium knowlesi malaria. The BCR-ABL fusion gene was found to be negative. Correlating with peripheral monocytosis, bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy with blasts only 3-4% and hepatosplenomegaly, a diagnosis of JMML was established. We present a rare phenomenon with an overlap of signs and symptoms between JMML, underlying thalassemia, and Plasmodium knowlesi, posing a diagnostic challenge to physicians.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  10. Abdullah MI, Lee CC, Mat Junit S, Ng KL, Hashim OH
    PeerJ, 2016;4:e2450.
    PMID: 27672505 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2450
    Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is mainly diagnosed using fine-needle aspiration biopsy. This most common form of well-differentiated thyroid cancer occurs with or without a background of benign thyroid goiter (BTG).
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy, Fine-Needle
  11. Abu Backer FM, Mustapha NR, Othman NH
    Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol., 2011 Oct;33(5):283-8.
    PMID: 22611756
    To differentiate endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) from endometrial adenocarcinoma (EMA) using p16INK4a, p21WAF1 and p27Kip1.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  12. Abu NA, Lim CB, Nor NSM
    Clin Pediatr Endocrinol, 2021;30(2):93-97.
    PMID: 33867669 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.30.93
    Mauriac syndrome is a rare and underdiagnosed complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). It is characterized by growth retardation, delayed puberty, Cushingoid features, hepatomegaly, and increased transaminase levels. The term glycogenic hepatopathy has been used to describe patients with poorly controlled T1DM and glycogen overload in the hepatocytes but without all the features of Mauriac syndrome. Although rare, glycogenic hepatopathy is reported to be the main cause of hepatomegaly in young patients with T1DM. We report two cases of glycogenic hepatopathy in children with poorly controlled T1DM. Both children had hepatomegaly, elevated liver enzyme levels, and elevated lactate levels. A liver biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of glycogenic hepatopathy in both patients. In conclusion, hepatomegaly with elevated liver enzymes, negative infective and metabolic screenings and persistently elevated plasma lactate levels should raise the suspicion of glycogenic hepatopathy in poorly controlled T1DM. Early diagnosis and improvement in glycemic control are the mainstays of treatment, which can prevent long-term complications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  13. Adam, M., Irfan, M., Muhammad Nasri AB, Arfahiza S.
    MyJurnal
    Laryngopharyngeal tuberculosis (TB) is a rare disease and usually associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. Mostly, it occurs in adults without BCG vaccination or in immuno-compromised patients (such as AIDS patients). A 34-year-old gentleman with odynophagia and poor oral intake was referred to us to rule out malignancy. Direct laryngoscopy examination revealed ulcerative lesion involving right tonsillar fossa extending downward till right pyriform sinus. Panendoscopy and biopsy was performed. Laryngopharyngeal TB was diagnosed based on the histopathological examination and Ziehl-Neelsen staining.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  14. Adams LA, Chan WK
    Semin Liver Dis, 2020 11;40(4):331-338.
    PMID: 32526784 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713006
    Noninvasive serum and imaging methods offer accessible, accurate, and safe assessment of fibrosis severity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In contrast, current serum and imaging methods for the prediction of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are not sufficiently accurate for routine clinical use. Serum fibrosis markers that incorporate direct measures of fibrogenesis (for example, hyaluronic acid) or fibrinolysis are generally more accurate than biomarkers not incorporating direct measures of fibrogenesis. Elastography methods are more accurate than serum markers for fibrosis assessment and particularly for the determination of cirrhosis, but have a significant failure and/or unreliability rate in obese individuals. To overcome this, combining serum and elastography methods in a sequential manner minimizes indeterminate results and maintains accuracy. The accuracy of current noninvasive methods for monitoring fibrosis response to treatment are limited; however, new tools derived from "omic" methodologies offer promise for the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  15. Addenan M, May CM, Hooi TK, Ismail F, Kamalden TA
    Oman J Ophthalmol, 2018 12 7;11(3):284-287.
    PMID: 30505126 DOI: 10.4103/ojo.OJO_149_2017
    Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is rarely encountered in ophthalmology practice. It is a spectrum of disorder characterized by accumulation of histiocytes in various tissues. Diagnosis is challenging as it may simulate periorbital hematoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and neuroblastoma. We report a case of unifocal LCH with orbital extension. Diagnosis was obtained from incisional biopsy, and histopathological examination showed numerous histiocytes with eosinophilic infiltrations. The presence of Langerhans cells was confirmed by the presence of protein S-100, CD1a, and/or Langerin (CD207). Treatment depends on the degree of organ involvement. She responded well to cytotoxic drugs and steroids. This emphasized that prompt tissue diagnosis is crucial for early management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  16. Adha PR, Chua KH, Mazlyzam AL, Low KC, Aminuddin BS, Ruszymah BH
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:30-1.
    PMID: 19024968
    A major factor limiting survival following extensive thermal injury is insufficient availability of donor sites to provide enough skin for the required grafting procedures. Limitation of autologous grafting promotes the usage of allograft skin substitutes to promote wound healing. Here, we investigated the wound healing potential of allograft single layered tissue engineered skin which comprises of either keratinocytes (SLTES-K) or fibroblast (SLTES-F) with fibrin as the delivery system. Results from gross and microscopic evaluation showed our single layered tissue engineered skin constructed with keratinocytes or fibroblast after gamma radiation with the dosage of 2Gy could serve as allograft for the treatment of skin loss.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  17. Ahluwalia HS, Lie KJ, Arulambalam TR
    J Trop Med Hyg, 1974 May;77(5):116-8.
    PMID: 4835327
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  18. Ahmad N, Zakaria WR, Mohamed R
    Helicobacter, 2011 Feb;16(1):47-51.
    PMID: 21241412 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2010.00816.x
    The prevalence of antibiotic resistance varies in geographic areas. The information on the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in our local setting is therefore relevant as a guide for the treatment options.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  19. Ahmad N, Zakaria WR, Abdullah SA, Mohamed R
    World J Gastroenterol, 2009 Jul 07;15(25):3161-5.
    PMID: 19575497
    AIM: To characterize the types of mutations present in the 23S rRNA genes of Malaysian isolates of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori (H pylori).

    METHODS: Clarithromycin susceptibility of H pylori isolates was determined by E test. Analyses for point mutations in the domain V of 23S rRNA genes in clarithromycin-resistant and -sensitive strains were performed by sequence analysis of amplified polymerase chain reaction products. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed using BsaI and MboII enzymes to detect restriction sites that correspond to the mutations in the clarithromycin-resistant strains.

    RESULTS: Of 187 isolates from 120 patients, four were resistant to clarithromycin, while 183 were sensitive. The MIC of the resistant strains ranged from 1.5 to 24 microg/mL. Two isolates had an A2142G mutation and another two had A2143G mutations. A T2182C mutation was detected in two out of four clarithromycin-resistant isolates and in 13 of 14 clarithromycin-sensitive isolates. Restriction enzyme analyses with BsaI and MboII were able to detect the mutations.

    CONCLUSION: Clarithromycin resistance is an uncommon occurrence among Malaysian isolates of H pylori strains and the mutations A2142G and A2143G detected were associated with low-level resistance.

    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
  20. Ahmad Sahril Hussin, Nik Azrizie Muhamed, Haryati Husin, Irfan Mohamad
    MyJurnal
    Intramuscular haemangioma is relatively rare and accounts for less than 1% of all haemangioma.
    Most of these tumours occur in the trunk, arms and legs. Only 14% of all intramuscular haemangioma arise
    from the head and neck region, with masseter muscle representing the most common site of involvement,
    followed by the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles. We present a case of a 60-year-old man with a
    soft lump in the left cheek. Imaging of the neck showed irregular, dilated enhancing vessels seen in the left
    masseter muscle suggestive of intramuscular haemangioma. Excisional biopsy was performed, and
    histopathological findings confirmed the diagnosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy
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