Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 90 in total

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  1. Ruszymah BH, Nabishah BM, Aminuddin S, Khalid BA
    Clin Exp Hypertens, 1995 Apr;17(3):575-91.
    PMID: 7613529
    Glycyrrhizic acid (GCA) the active component of liquorice acts by inhibiting 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-OHSD) which catalyses the reversible conversion of cortisol to cortisone. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of GCA on pulmonary arterial pressure. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200g) received drinking water containing 0.1 mg/ml and 1.0 mg/ml GCA for 12 weeks. Tail blood pressure (BP) was recorded every three weeks and serum Na+ and K+ were measured at the beginning and the end of the experiment. Right atrial pressure (RAP) were measured at the end of 12 weeks just before the animals were sacrificed. Lung tissues were taken for histological examination using the elastic-van Gieson (EVG) staining method. There was a significant increase in tail BP in GCA treated rats compared to controls, for both dosages used. This was associated with an increase in serum Na+ and a decrease in K+ level. The mean RAP increased significantly from 2.69 +/- 0.23 mmHg to 4.47 +/- 0.32 mmHg (P < 0.001) in 0.1 mg/ml GCA treated rats and 6.86 +/- 0.54 mmHg (P < 0.0001) in rats receiving 1.0 mg/ml GCA in their drinking water. Histological examination showed increased thickness of pulmonary arterial wall (P < 0.0001). In conclusion GCA caused an increase in right atrial pressure as well as thickening of the pulmonary vessels suggesting pulmonary hypertension.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  2. Sharma JN, Uma K, Noor AR, Rahman AR
    Gen. Pharmacol., 1996 Jan;27(1):55-63.
    PMID: 8742494
    1. The kallikrein-kinin system has a significant role in regulating arterial blood pressure. 2. Reduced formation of the kinin compontents may cause hypertensive diseases. This is because of the fact that this system is responsible for vasodilatation, reduction in total peripheral resistance, natriuresis, diuresis, increasing renal blood flow and releasing various vasodilator agents. 3. Reduced kinin-kallikrein generation in hypertensive subjects may also be associated with genetic and environmental defects. 4. The kallikrein-kinin system when administered to hypertensive patients can lower their raised blood pressure to normotensive levels. 5. The mode of action of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors principally may be dependent on the kinin system protection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology*
  3. Sharma JN, Kesavarao U
    Immunopharmacology, 1996 Jun;33(1-3):341-3.
    PMID: 8856181 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3109(96)00104-x
    This study examined the effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on blood pressure and cardiac tissue kallikrein levels in WKYR and SHR. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes caused significant (p < 0.001) increase in SBP and DBP in WKYR and SHR as compared with their respective controls. We also observed that the active cardiac tissue kallikrein levels reduced greatly (p < 0.001) in diabetic WKYR and SHR than the normal rats. These findings suggest for the first time that the cardiac tissue kallikrein formation may have a greater role in the regulation of blood pressure and cardiac function.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  4. Husain R, Cheah SH, Duncan MT
    Singapore Med J, 1996 Aug;37(4):398-401.
    PMID: 8993142
    The investigation examined the possibility that observance of Ramadan by Moslems in Malaysia is associated with modification of circulatory parameters. Cardiovascular reactivity was investigated employing the cold hand immersion test as the stressor stimulus. Resultant data showed increased blood pressures and vascular resistance during Ramadan in the absence of cold stimulus while the magnitude of the maximal cardiac and vascular response to the applied stressor which served as indicators of reactivity was not affected by the Ramadan situation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  5. Islam N, Kazmi F, Chusney GD, Mattock MB, Zaini A, Pickup JC
    Diabetes Care, 1998 Mar;21(3):385-8.
    PMID: 9540020
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether microalbuminuria is associated with markers of the acute-phase response in NIDDM and whether there are ethnic differences in this association among the three main racial groups in Malaysia.

    RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: NIDDM patients of Chinese, Indian, and Malay origin attending a diabetic clinic in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, were matched for age, sex, diabetes duration, and glycemic control (n = 34 in each group). Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio was measured in an early morning urine sample. Biochemical measurements included markers of the acute-phase response: serum sialic acid, triglyceride, and (lowered) HDL cholesterol.

    RESULTS: The frequency of microalbuminuria did not differ among the Chinese, Indian, and Malay patients (44, 41, and 47%, respectively). In Chinese patients, those with microalbuminuria had evidence of an augmented acute-phase response, with higher serum sialic acid and triglyceride and lower HDL cholesterol levels; and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio was correlated with serum sialic acid and triglyceride. The acute-phase response markers were not different in Indians, with microalbuminuria being high in even the normoalbuminuric Indians; only the mean arterial blood pressure was correlated with urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in the Indians. Malay NIDDM subjects had an association of microalbuminuria with acute-phase markers, but this was weaker than in the Chinese subjects.

    CONCLUSIONS: Microalbuminuria is associated with an acute-phase response in Chinese NIDDM patients in Malaysia, as previously found in Caucasian NIDDM subjects. Elevated urinary albumin excretion has different correlates in other racial groups, such as those originating from the Indian subcontinent. The acute-phase response may have an etiological role in microalbuminuria.

    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  6. Aris IB, Wagie AA, Mariun NB, Jammal AB
    J Telemed Telecare, 2001;7(1):51-3.
    PMID: 11265939
    We developed a personal blood pressure monitoring system for patients with hypertension or hypotension. The system can be used to measure a patient's blood pressure at home and to transmit the data automatically to a hospital database via the Internet. The accuracy of blood pressure readings using the system was assessed by comparison with readings from a standard digital sphygmomanometer in four subjects. The measurement error for the systolic readings was 1.7-2.7% and for the diastolic readings 2.7-3.2%. The system therefore appears to be a promising means of assessing blood pressure remotely.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  7. Rasool AH, Rahman AR, Choudhury SR, Singh RB
    J Hum Hypertens, 2004 Mar;18(3):187-92.
    PMID: 14973513 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001647
    Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and spontaneous bleeding into the brain parenchyma, intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), is a stroke subtype associated with high morbidity and mortality. Overall, it comprises about 15% of all stroke in Caucasians, this figure being much higher in Asians and black people. Blood pressure (BP) appears to play an important role in this disease. We have reviewed available literature on the relationship of BP to the occurrence of primary and secondary ICH, the association of BP levels measured early after stroke with prognosis and complications, and evidence about the effects of early BP lowering treatments on post-stroke outcomes. BP appears to be an important risk factor for primary and secondary ICH. In addition, high BP early after ICH may be detrimental to outcome, possibly contributing to complications such as rebleeding and haematoma enlargement. Few data are available about the effects of early lowering of BP on outcome after ICH with no reliable trial yet conducted. Proper randomised trials are required to establish the effect of early lowering of BP on outcome after ICH.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology*
  8. Pan CY, So WY, Khalid BA, Mohan V, Thai AC, Zimmet P, et al.
    Diabet Med, 2004 Sep;21(9):1007-13.
    PMID: 15317606 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01287.x
    AIM: To describe the clinical, biochemical and immunological characteristics of young-onset diabetes in Asia.
    METHODS: Clinical, biochemical and immunological variables were assessed in 919 newly diagnosed (duration less than 12 months) young onset Asian diabetic patients aged between 12 and 40 years. The subjects constituted 57% Chinese, 29% Indians and 14% Malays, recruited from diabetes centres in China, Hong Kong, India, Malaysia and Singapore.
    RESULTS: The mean age (+/- sd) was 31.6 +/- 7.2 years, with the majority (66%) in the 31-40 years age group. Mean body mass index (BMI) (+/- sd) was 25.3 +/- 5.0 kg/m2 with 47% exceeding the suggested Asian cut-off point for obesity (BMI > or = 25). Ethnic difference in clinical characteristics included BMI, blood pressure, mode of treatment and degree of insulin resistance. Most patients had a clinical presentation of Type 2 diabetes. About 10% had a classical combination of ketotic presentation, presence of autoimmune-markers and documented insulin deficiency indicative of Type 1 diabetes. Forty-eight percent were receiving oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) while 31% were on diet only, 18% were receiving insulin and 2% were on a combination of insulin and OHA.
    CONCLUSION: Young onset diabetes patients in Asia represent a heterogeneous group in terms of their clinical and biochemical characteristics and classical Type 1 diabetes is relatively uncommon. The 5-year follow up study will determine the progress of these patients and help to clarify the natural history.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  9. Enkelmann HC, Bishop GD, Tong EM, Diong SM, Why YP, Khader M, et al.
    Int J Psychophysiol, 2005 May;56(2):185-97.
    PMID: 15804452
    This study tested the hypotheses that ambulatory heart rate and blood pressure would be higher for individuals high but not low in hostility when they experienced negative affect or social stress and that this interaction would be stronger for Indians compared with other Singapore ethnic groups. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was done on 108 male Singapore patrol officers as they went about their daily duties. After each BP measurement participants completed a computerized questionnaire including items on emotional experience. Individuals high in hostility showed higher systolic blood pressure when reporting negative affect whereas this was not true for those low in hostility. Ethnic differences were obtained such that Indians showed an increase in mean arterial pressure when angered whereas MAP was negatively related to anger for Malays and unrelated for Chinese. Also a three-way interaction between ethnicity, hostility, and social stress indicated that hostility and social stress interacted in their effects on DBP for Indian participants but not for Chinese or Malays. Finally, a three-way interaction was obtained between ethnicity, hostility and negative affect for heart rate in which heart rate increased with increasing levels of negative affect for Chinese high in hostility and Malays low in hostility but decreased with increasing negative affect for all other participants. These data are consistent with higher CHD rates among individuals high in hostility and also provide additional evidence on ethnic differences in cardiovascular reactivity in Singapore.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  10. Machha A, Mustafa MR
    J Cardiovasc Pharmacol, 2005 Jul;46(1):36-40.
    PMID: 15965352
    Flavonoids are known to possess cardioprotective properties. Vascular endothelial function is a surrogate marker for cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. We have studied the effects of chronic flavonoid treatment on vascular endothelial functions in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Starting from 6-7 weeks old, SHR were given flavonoids (baicalein, flavone, or quercetin) orally (10 mg/kg, once daily) to the SHRs for 4 weeks. Aortas from all the flavonoid-treated animals showed remarkably higher endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine, to a similar extent as those pretreated with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril. However, in contrast to other experimental groups, flavone pretreatment also enhanced the endothelium-independent relaxations to sodium nitroprusside. In addition, treatment with either flavone or quercetin induced a significant attenuation in systolic blood pressure of the hypertensive animals. The present results suggest that chronic treatment with the flavonoids (baicalein, flavone, and quercetin) preserves vascular endothelial functions in hypertensive animals through several possible actions, including increasing endothelial nitric oxide production and bioavailability and reduction in blood pressure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  11. Rafidah HM, Azizi A, Noriah MN
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Jun;61(2):189-98.
    PMID: 16898310 MyJurnal
    Apart from the mean 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP), the blood pressure variability (BPV) also bears an independent relationship with target-organ damage in hypertension. A reduction in arterial compliance has been demonstrated in hypertension but its relation to BPV is still unknown. The aim of the study is to compare BPV and arterial compliance between hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Eighteen hypertensives and 18 controls were enrolled. Noninvasive 24-hour ABP monitoring was performed with BR-102 monitor (Schiller Inc. Germany). Arterial compliance was determined by the HDI/Pulsewave Research Cardiovascular Profiling Instrument (Hypertension Diagnostic Inc. USA). There were significantly higher systolic, diastolic and mean arterial BPV in hypertensives as compared to normotensive group. Only systolic BPV remained significantly high in hypertensives during night time. There were lower arterial compliances in hypertensive as compared to normotensive group. No significant relationship however was found between BPV and arterial compliance in hypertensive subjects. In conclusion, there were higher BPV and lower arterial compliances in hypertensive subjects as compared to normotensive subjects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology*
  12. Sukor N, Saidin R, Kamaruddin NA
    South. Med. J., 2007 Jan;100(1):73-4.
    PMID: 17269532
    Pheochromocytomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that produce, metabolize, and usually secrete catecholamines. Although hypertension is a common presenting feature of pheochromocytoma, the tumors occur (or are present) in only 0.1% of patients with hypertension. The variability of symptoms and rarity of occurrence render these tumors difficult to diagnose; many are discovered incidentally during radiological examination or at autopsy. A patient is presented with a pheochromocytoma that was discovered incidentally when she presented with abdominal pain and a normal blood pressure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology*
  13. Rafidah HM, Azizi A, Suhaimi H, Noriah MN
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Mar;63(1):9-16.
    PMID: 18935724 MyJurnal
    Normotensive subjects with family history of hypertension (FHT) have been reported to have increased left ventricular mass index and reduced ventricular compliance. Of interest is whether blood pressure variability (BPV), which has been associated with target organ damage, is then part of this complex inherited syndrome? The objectives of this study are to determine whether there are any significant differences in BPV, arterial compliance and humoral factors in subjects with FHT as compared to controls. Thirty-five subjects with self reported FHT and 35 matched controls underwent 24 hour BP monitoring (BR-102, Schiller Inc. Germany). Arterial compliance was measured using systolic pulse wave tonometry (HDI/Pulsewave Cardiovascular Profiling Instrument, Hypertension Diagnostic Inc. USA). None of the subjects were hypertensive or diabetic. Out of these numbers, 25 subjects with FHT and 26 controls had measurements of plasma catecholamines, plasma renin and serum aldosterone. Catecholamines were assayed with high performance liquid chromatography, while both renin and aldosterone measurements were by radioimmunoassay. Subjects with FHT have higher night time BPV. There was no significant difference in arterial compliances between both groups. There were increased level of norepinephrine (NE) in subjects with FHT but epinephrine (E), renin and aldosterone levels were similar in both groups. There were no correlations between NE and BPV but E was negatively associated with daytime and mean arterial systolic BPV. In conclusion subjects with FHT demonstrated a higher night time BPV and NE level as compared to controls.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology*
  14. Shariati NH, Zahedi E, Jajai HM
    Physiol Meas, 2008 Mar;29(3):365-74.
    PMID: 18367811 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/29/3/007
    Bilateral PPG signals have been used for comparative study of two groups of healthy (free from any cardiovascular risk factors) and diabetic (as cardiovascular disease risk group) subjects in the age-matched range 40-50 years. The peripheral blood pulsations were recorded simultaneously from right and left index fingers for 90 s. Pulses have been modeled with the ARX440 model in the interval of 300 sample points with 100 sample points overlap between segments. Model parameters of three segments based on the highest fitness (higher than 80%) of modeled segments were retained for each subject. Subsequently, principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the parameters of retained segments to eliminate the existing correlation among parameters and provide uncorrelated variables. The first principal component (contains 78.2% variance of data) was significantly greater in diabetic than in control groups (P < 0.0001, 0.74 +/- 2.01 versus -0.53 +/- 1.66). In addition the seventh principal component, which contains 0.02% of the data variance, was significantly lower in diabetic than in control groups (P < 0.05, -0.007 +/- 0.03 versus 0.005 +/- 0.03). Finally, linear discrimination analysis (LDA) was used to classify the subjects. The classification was done using the robust leaving-one-subject-out method. LDA could classify the subjects with 71.7% sensitivity and 70.2% specificity while the male subjects resulted in a highly acceptable result for the sensitivity (81%). The present study showed that PPG signals can be used for vascular function assessment and may find further application for detection of vascular changes before onset of clinical diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  15. Rafidah HM, Azizi A, Noriah MN
    Singapore Med J, 2008 Apr;49(4):297-303.
    PMID: 18418521
    It is debatable whether the assessment of low density lipoprotein or total cholesterol (TC) alone is sufficient to identify an individual's risk of having myocardial infarction. In the Framingham study, the risk of coronary artery disease was better indicated by an increase in the TC to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC: HDL) ratio. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between blood pressure variability (BPV) and arterial compliances in hyperlipidaemics, which was defined as TC:HDL of more than 5.0 as compared to normolipidaemics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology*
  16. Abdulla MH, Sattar MA, Abdullah NA, Hazim AI, Anand Swarup KR, Rathore HA, et al.
    Auton Autacoid Pharmacol, 2008 Oct;28(4):95-101.
    PMID: 18778332 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-8673.2008.00422.x
    1. This study was undertaken to elucidate the effects of inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with losartan, and acute unilateral renal denervation on renal haemodynamic responses to intrarenal administration of vasoconstrictor doses of dopamine and vasodilator doses of isoprenaline in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). 2. Acute unilateral renal denervation of the left kidney in rats was confirmed by a drop in the renal vasoconstrictor response to renal nerve stimulation (P < 0.05) along with diuresis and natriuresis. Rats were pretreated with losartan for 7 days and thereafter animals fasted overnight were anaesthetized (sodium pentobarbitone, 60 mg/kg i.p.) and acute renal haemodynamic responses studied. 3. Dose-response curves were constructed for dopamine and isoprenaline that induced falls or increases in renal blood flow, respectively. It was observed that renal vascular responses were greater in the denervated as compared with rats with intact renal nerves (all P < 0.05). Dopamine-induced renal vasoconstrictor responses were markedly lower in losartan-treated denervated WKY and SHR compared with their untreated counterparts (all P < 0.05). It was also observed that in losartan-treated and denervated WKY rats the vasodilatory responses to isoprenaline were markedly lower compared with untreated rats (all P < 0.05). However, in SHR, under the same conditions, there was no difference in the renal response to isoprenaline whether or not rats were treated with losartan (P > 0.05). 4. The data obtained showed that the renal vasoconstrictor effect of dopamine depends on intact renal nerves and RAS in WKY and SHR. Isoprenaline responses were likewise sensitive to renal denervation and RAS inhibition in WKY rats but not SHRs. Our observations reveal a possible relationship between renal AT(1) receptors and alpha(1)-adrenoceptors in WKY and SHR. There is also evidence to suggest an interaction between renal beta-adrenoceptors and AT(1) receptors in WKY rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  17. Abdulla MH, Sattar MA, Salman IM, Abdullah NA, Ameer OZ, Khan MA, et al.
    Auton Autacoid Pharmacol, 2008 Apr-Jul;28(2-3):87-94.
    PMID: 18598290 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-8673.2008.00421.x
    1 This study was undertaken to characterize the renal responses to acute unilateral renal denervation in anaesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by examining the effect of acute unilateral renal denervation on the renal hemodynamic responses to a set of vasoactive agents and renal nerve stimulation. 2 Twenty-four male SHR rats underwent acute unilateral renal denervation and the denervation was confirmed by significant drop (P < 0.05) in renal vasoconstrictor response to renal nerve stimulation along with marked diuresis and natriuresis following denervation. After 7 days treatment with losartan, the overnight fasted rats were anaesthetized (sodium pentobarbitone, 60 mg kg(-1) i.p.) and renal vasoconstrictor experiments were performed. The changes in the renal vasoconstrictor responses were determined in terms of reductions in renal blood flow caused by renal nerve stimulation or intrarenal administration of noradrenaline, phenylephrine, methoxamine and angiotensin II. 3 The data showed that there was significantly (all P < 0.05) increased renal vascular responsiveness to the vasoactive agents in denervated rats compared to those with intact renal nerves. In losartan-treated denervated SHR rats, there were significant (all P < 0.05) reductions in the renal vasoconstrictor responses to neural stimuli and vasoactive agents as compared with that of untreated denervated SHR rats. 4 The data obtained in denervated rats suggested an enhanced sensitivity of the alpha(1)-adrenoceptors to adrenergic agonists and possible increase of AT(1) receptors functionality in the renal vasculature of these rats. These data also suggested a possible interaction between sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin system in terms of a crosstalk relationship between renal AT(1) and alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtypes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  18. Yusof AP, Yusoff NH, Suhaimi FW, Coote JH
    Auton Neurosci, 2009 Jun 15;148(1-2):50-4.
    PMID: 19349212 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2009.03.005
    The aim of the present study was to determine if paraventricular-spinal vasopressin neurones participate in the sympatho-inhibitory effects of systemically administered atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). Experiments were carried out on male Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with 1.3 g/kg urethane. Changes in mean arterial pressure (mm Hg), heart rate (beats per minute) and RSNA (%) were measured following intravenous bolus administration of ANP (250 ng, 500 ng and 5 microg). Intrathecal application of selective V 1a receptor antagonist was performed to test for the involvement of supraspinal vasopressin pathways in mediating the effect on sympathetic outflow evoked by intravenous ANP administration. The results obtained demonstrated that both low and high doses of ANP caused renal sympathoinhibition (250 ng; - 7.5 +/- 1%, 500 ng; - 14.2 +/- 1%, 5 microg; - 16.4 +/- 2%), concomitant with vasodilation and bradycardia. After spinal vasopressin receptor blockade, the inhibitory effects of ANP were prevented and there was a small renal sympatho-excitation (250 ng; + 1.7 +/- 0.2%, 500 ng; + 6.1 +/- 0.03%, 5 microg; + 8.0 +/- 0.03%, P < 0.05). Therefore, the renal sympathetic nerve inhibition elicited by circulating ANP is dependent on the efficacy of a well established supraspinal vasopressin pathway. Since supraspinal vasopressin neurones without exception excite renal sympathetic neurones, it is suggested that ANP elicits this effect by activating cardiac vagal afferents that inhibit the spinally projecting vasopressin neurones at their origin in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  19. Jeganathan VS, Sabanayagam C, Tai ES, Lee J, Sun C, Kawasaki R, et al.
    Hypertens Res, 2009 Nov;32(11):975-82.
    PMID: 19713968 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2009.130
    Blood pressure has a significant effect on retinal arterioles. There are few data on whether this effect varies by race/ethnicity. We examined the relationship of blood pressure and retinal vascular caliber in a multi-ethnic Asian population. The study is population-based and cross sectional in design. A total of 3749 Chinese, Malay and Indian participants aged > or =24 years residing in Singapore were included in the study. Retinal vascular caliber was measured using a computer program from digital retinal photographs. The associations of retinal vascular caliber with blood pressure and hypertension in each racial/ethnic group were analyzed. The main outcome measures are retinal arteriolar caliber and venular caliber. The results show that retinal arterioles were narrower in persons with uncontrolled/untreated hypertension (140.0 microm) as compared with persons with controlled hypertension (142.1 microm, P=0.0001) and those with no hypertension (146.0 microm, P<0.0001). On controlling for age, gender, body mass index, lipids and smoking, each 10 mm Hg increase in mean arterial blood pressure was associated with a 3.1 microm decrease in arteriolar caliber (P<0.0001), with a similar magnitude seen in all three racial/ethnic groups: 3.1 microm in Chinese, 2.8 microm in Malays and 3.2 microm in Indians (P<0.0001 for all). Each 10 mm Hg increase in mean arterial blood pressure was associated with a 1.8 microm increase in venular caliber (P<0.0001); furthermore, the magnitude of this effect was similar across the three racial/ethnic groups. The effect of blood pressure on the retinal vasculature was similar across three major racial/ethnic groups in Asia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology*
  20. Banabilh SM, Samsudin AR, Suzina AH, Dinsuhaimi S
    Angle Orthod, 2010 Jan;80(1):37-42.
    PMID: 19852637 DOI: 10.2319/011509-26.1
    To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in facial profile shape, malocclusion class, or palatal morphology in Malay adults with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
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