Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 30 in total

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  1. Transplantation of human dental pulp stem cells: enhance bone consolidation in mandibular distraction osteogenesis
    Alkaisi A, Ismail AR, Mutum SS, Ahmad ZA, Masudi S, Abd Razak NH
    J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2013 Oct;71(10):1758.e1-13.
    PMID: 24040948 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.05.016
    The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) to enhance mandibular distraction osteogenesis (DO) in rabbits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal/analysis
  2. Organotypic culture of human amnion cells in air-liquid interface as a potential substitute for skin regeneration
    Fatimah SS, Chua K, Tan GC, Azmi TI, Tan AE, Abdul Rahman H
    Cytotherapy, 2013 Aug;15(8):1030-41.
    PMID: 23830235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2013.05.003
    The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of air-liquid interface on the differentiation potential of human amnion epithelial cells (HAECs) to skin-like substitute in organotypic culture.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/biosynthesis
  3. Omega-3 fatty acids and leukocyte-endothelium adhesion: Novel anti-atherosclerotic actions
    Baker EJ, Yusof MH, Yaqoob P, Miles EA, Calder PC
    Mol Aspects Med, 2018 12;64:169-181.
    PMID: 30102930 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.08.002
    Endothelial cells (ECs) play a role in the optimal function of blood vessels. When endothelial function becomes dysregulated, the risk of developing atherosclerosis increases. Specifically, upregulation of adhesion molecule expression on ECs promotes the movement of leukocytes, particularly monocytes, into the vessel wall. Here, monocytes differentiate into macrophages and may become foam cells, contributing to the initiation and progression of an atherosclerotic plaque. The ability of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to influence the expression of adhesion molecules by ECs and to modulate leukocyte-endothelial adhesion has been studied in cell culture using various types of ECs, in animal feeding studies and in human trials; the latter have tended to evaluate soluble forms of adhesion molecules that circulate in the bloodstream. These studies indicate that n-3 PUFAs (both eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) can decrease the expression of key adhesion molecules, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, by ECs and that this results in decreased adhesive interactions between leukocytes and ECs. These findings suggest that n-3 PUFAs may lower leukocyte infiltration into the vascular wall, which could contribute to reduced atherosclerosis and lowered risk of cardiovascular disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules
  4. Fulltext Identification of protein markers in patients infected with Plasmodium knowlesi, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax
    Mu AK, Bee PC, Lau YL, Chen Y
    Int J Mol Sci, 2014;15(11):19952-61.
    PMID: 25372941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151119952
    Malaria is caused by parasitic protozoans of the genus Plasmodium and is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in tropical and subtropical regions. For this reason, effective and practical diagnostic methods are urgently needed to control the spread of malaria. The aim of the current study was to identify a panel of new malarial markers, which could be used to diagnose patients infected with various Plasmodium species, including P. knowlesi, P. vivax and P. falciparum. Sera from malaria-infected patients were pooled and compared to control sera obtained from healthy individuals using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique. Mass spectrometry was used to identify serum proteins and quantify their relative abundance. We found that the levels of several proteins were increased in pooled serum from infected patients, including cell adhesion molecule-4 and C-reactive protein. In contrast, the serum concentration of haptoglobin was reduced in malaria-infected individuals, which we verified by western blot assay. Therefore, these proteins might represent infectious markers of malaria, which could be used to develop novel diagnostic tools for detecting P. knowlesi, P. vivax and P. falciparum. However, these potential malarial markers will need to be validated in a larger population of infected individuals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/blood*; Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
  5. Peculiarities of innate immune memory in crustaceans
    Low CF, Chong CM
    Fish Shellfish Immunol, 2020 Sep;104:605-612.
    PMID: 32619624 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.06.047
    Classical characteristic of the innate immune system is the lack of ability to build up immunological memory, contrast to the adaptive immune system that is capable of "remembering" antigens, and rapidly mount a greater magnitude of immune response upon subsequent exposure to the same antigens. Peculiarly, immunological memory of innate immunity is evidenced in invertebrates. At least three different memory phenomena have been described, namely sustained unique response, recalled response, and immune shift. Studies attended to decipher the mechanistic biology of the innate immune memory reveals the role of epigenetics, which modulates the response of immune memory, and the heritability of immune memory to subsequent generations. A parthenogenetic Artemia model demonstrated successful transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of resistance trait against Vibrio campbellii. Following, the role of invertebrate hemocytes and Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) in innate immune memory is reviewed. While there is no vertebrate antibody homolog found in invertebrates, Dscam was found to resemble the functionality of vertebrate antibody. Insight of Dscam as immune factor was illustrated further in the current review.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics; Cell Adhesion Molecules/immunology*
  6. Fulltext Targeting Cell Adhesion Molecules via Carbonate Apatite-Mediated Delivery of Specific siRNAs to Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo
    Ashaie MA, Islam RA, Kamaruzman NI, Ibnat N, Tha KK, Chowdhury EH
    Pharmaceutics, 2019 Jul 02;11(7).
    PMID: 31269666 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11070309
    While several treatment strategies are applied to cure breast cancer, it still remains one of the leading causes of female deaths worldwide. Since chemotherapeutic drugs have severe side effects and are responsible for development of drug resistance in cancer cells, gene therapy is now considered as one of the promising options to address the current treatment limitations. Identification of the over-expressed genes accounting for constitutive activation of certain pathways, and their subsequent knockdown with specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), could be a powerful tool in inhibiting proliferation and survival of cancer cells. In this study, we delivered siRNAs against mRNA transcripts of over-regulated cell adhesion molecules such as catenin alpha 1 (CTNNA1), catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1), talin-1 (TLN1), vinculin (VCL), paxillin (PXN), and actinin-1 (ACTN1) in human (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and murine (4T1) cell lines as well as in the murine female Balb/c mice model. In order to overcome the barriers of cell permeability and nuclease-mediated degradation, the pH-sensitive carbonate apatite (CA) nanocarrier was used as a delivery vehicle. While targeting CTNNA1, CTNNB1, TLN1, VCL, PXN, and ACTN1 resulted in a reduction of cell viability in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, delivery of all these siRNAs via carbonate apatite (CA) nanoparticles successfully reduced the cell viability in 4T1 cells. In 4T1 cells, delivery of CTNNA1, CTNNB1, TLN1, VCL, PXN, and ACTN1 siRNAs with CA caused significant reduction in phosphorylated and total AKT levels. Furthermore, reduced band intensity was observed for phosphorylated and total MAPK upon transfection of 4T1 cells with CTNNA1, CTNNB1, and VCL siRNAs. Intravenous delivery of CTNNA1 siRNA with CA nanoparticles significantly reduced tumor volume in the initial phase of the study, while siRNAs targeting CTNNB1, TLN1, VCL, PXN, and ACTN1 genes significantly decreased the tumor burden at all time points. The tumor weights at the end of the treatments were also notably smaller compared to CA. This successfully demonstrates that targeting these dysregulated genes via RNAi and by using a suitable delivery vehicle such as CA could serve as a promising therapeutic treatment modality for breast cancers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules
  7. Fulltext Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote proliferation of endometrial cancer cells
    Subramaniam KS, Tham ST, Mohamed Z, Woo YL, Mat Adenan NA, Chung I
    PLoS One, 2013;8(7):e68923.
    PMID: 23922669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068923
    Endometrial cancer is the most commonly diagnosed gynecologic malignancy worldwide; yet the tumor microenvironment, especially the fibroblast cells surrounding the cancer cells, is poorly understood. We established four primary cultures of fibroblasts from human endometrial cancer tissues (cancer-associated fibroblasts, CAFs) using antibody-conjugated magnetic bead isolation. These relatively homogenous fibroblast cultures expressed fibroblast markers (CD90, vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin) and hormonal (estrogen and progesterone) receptors. Conditioned media collected from CAFs induced a dose-dependent proliferation of both primary cultures and cell lines of endometrial cancer in vitro (175%) when compared to non-treated cells, in contrast to those from normal endometrial fibroblast cell line (51%) (P<0.0001). These effects were not observed in fibroblast culture derived from benign endometrial hyperplasia tissues, indicating the specificity of CAFs in affecting endometrial cancer cell proliferation. To determine the mechanism underlying the differential fibroblast effects, we compared the activation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk pathways in endometrial cancer cells following treatment with normal fibroblasts- and CAFs-conditioned media. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of both phosphorylated forms of Akt and Erk were significantly down-regulated in normal fibroblasts-treated cells, but were up-regulated/maintained in CAFs-treated cells. Treatment with specific inhibitors LY294002 and U0126 reversed the CAFs-mediated cell proliferation (P<0.0001), suggesting for a role of these pathways in modulating endometrial cancer cell proliferation. Rapamycin, which targets a downstream molecule in PI3K pathway (mTOR), also suppressed CAFs-induced cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis. Cytokine profiling analysis revealed that CAFs secrete higher levels of macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, RANTES and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) than normal fibroblasts. Our data suggests that in contrast to normal fibroblasts, CAFs may exhibit a pro-tumorigenic effect in the progression of endometrial cancer, and PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk signaling may represent critical regulators in how endometrial cancer cells respond to their microenvironment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
  8. Fulltext Major cellular events in peripheral nerve regeneration: A brief overview
    Naidu, M., David, P.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2009;8(1):61-64.
    MyJurnal
    Injury to a peripheral nerve leads to degeneration of the segment distal to the site of lesion, a process referred to as Wallerian degeneration. During Wallerian degeneration, axons and myelin sheaths undergo degeneration and are phagocytosed by macrophages and Schwann cells. The Schwann cells proliferate and the endoneurial tubes persist, together the whole structure is known as the band of Büngner. Within few hours, the damaged axons in the proximal stump initiate a regeneration response, with formation of new growth cones. During Wallerian degeneration, neurotrophins, neural cell adhesion molecules, cytokines and other soluble factors are upregulated to facilitate regeneration. The recovery of the target in mammals is often variable, but almost never complete. In humans, scar tissue forms at the site of lesion and this often results in poor recovery of the target. The major events underlying this regenerative process is highlighted and discussed in this review.
    Matched MeSH terms: Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules
  9. In-vitro expression of adhesion molecules and bone specific markers are depending on the cell culture material
    Salin N, Ishak AK, Abdul Rahman S, Ali M, Nawawi HM, Said MS, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:67-8.
    PMID: 19024987
    Bone formation is an active process whereby osteoblasts are found on the surface of the newly formed bone. Adhesion to extracellular matrix is essential for the development of bone however not all surfaces are suitable for osteoblast adhesion and don't support osteoblastic functions. The objective of this study was to test the suitability of a collagen based microcarrier which would support osteoblastic functions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/physiology*
  10. Fulltext Discovery of candidate genes for nonsyndromic cleft lip palate through genome-wide linkage analysis of large extended families in the Malay population
    Mohamad Shah NS, Salahshourifar I, Sulong S, Wan Sulaiman WA, Halim AS
    BMC Genet, 2016 Feb 11;17:39.
    PMID: 26868259 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-016-0345-x
    BACKGROUND: Nonsyndromic orofacial clefts are one of the most common birth defects worldwide. It occurs as a result of genetic or environmental factors. This study investigates the genetic contribution to nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate through the analysis of family pedigrees. Candidate genes associated with the condition were identified from large extended families from the Malay population.

    RESULTS: A significant nonparametric linkage (NPL) score was detected in family 100. Other suggestive NPL and logarithm of the odds (LOD) scores were attained from families 50, 58, 99 and 100 under autosomal recessive mode. Heterogeneity LOD (HLOD) score ≥ 1 was determined for all families, confirming genetic heterogeneity of the population and indicating that a proportion of families might be linked to each other. Several candidate genes in linkage intervals were determined; LPHN2 at 1p31, SATB2 at 2q33.1-q35, PVRL3 at 3q13.3, COL21A1 at 6p12.1, FOXP2 at 7q22.3-q33, FOXG1 and HECTD1 at 14q12 and TOX3 at 16q12.1.

    CONCLUSIONS: We have identified several novel and known candidate genes for nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate through genome-wide linkage analysis. Further analysis of the involvement of these genes in the condition will shed light on the disease mechanism. Comprehensive genetic testing of the candidate genes is warranted.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
  11. Biologic interaction of three-dimensional periodontal fibroblast spheroids with collagen-based and synthetic membranes
    Berahim Z, Moharamzadeh K, Rawlinson A, Jowett AK
    J. Periodontol., 2011 May;82(5):790-7.
    PMID: 21080786 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2010.100533
    Cell-based therapy using autologous cells has been suggested as a potential approach for periodontal tissue regeneration. Spheroid systems are a form of three-dimensional cell culture that promotes cell matrix interaction, which could recapitulate the aspect of cell homeostasis in vivo. The aim of this study is to assess the interaction of periodontal fibroblast spheroids with synthetic and collagen-based membranes that have been used in guided tissue regeneration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/analysis
  12. Fulltext Ultra-structural changes and expression of chondrogenic and hypertrophic genes during chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in alginate beads
    Dashtdar H, Murali MR, Selvaratnam L, Balaji Raghavendran H, Suhaeb AM, Ahmad TS, et al.
    PeerJ, 2016;4:e1650.
    PMID: 26966647 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1650
    Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the form of pellet culture and encapsulation in alginate beads has been widely used as conventional model for in vitro chondrogenesis. However, comparative characterization between differentiation, hypertrophic markers, cell adhesion molecule and ultrastructural changes during alginate and pellet culture has not been described. Hence, the present study was conducted comparing MSCs cultured in pellet and alginate beads with monolayer culture. qPCR was performed to assess the expression of chondrogenic, hypertrophic, and cell adhesion molecule genes, whereas transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to assess the ultrastructural changes. In addition, immunocytochemistry for Collagen type II and aggrecan and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) analysis were performed. Our results indicate that pellet and alginate bead cultures were necessary for chondrogenic differentiation of MSC. It also indicates that cultures using alginate bead demonstrated significantly higher (p < 0.05) chondrogenic but lower hypertrophic (p < 0.05) gene expressions as compared with pellet cultures. N-cadherin and N-CAM1 expression were up-regulated in second and third weeks of culture and were comparable between the alginate bead and pellet culture groups, respectively. TEM images demonstrated ultrastructural changes resembling cell death in pellet cultures. Our results indicate that using alginate beads, MSCs express higher chondrogenic but lower hypertrophic gene expression. Enhanced production of extracellular matrix and cell adhesion molecules was also observed in this group. These findings suggest that alginate bead culture may serve as a superior chondrogenic model, whereas pellet culture is more appropriate as a hypertrophic model of chondrogenesis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules
  13. Fulltext The Immunomodulatory CEA Cell Adhesion Molecule 6 (CEACAM6/CD66c) Is a Protein Receptor for the Influenza a Virus
    Rahman SK, Ansari MA, Gaur P, Ahmad I, Chakravarty C, Verma DK, et al.
    Viruses, 2021 04 21;13(5).
    PMID: 33919410 DOI: 10.3390/v13050726
    To establish a productive infection in host cells, viruses often use one or multiple host membrane glycoproteins as their receptors. For Influenza A virus (IAV) such a glycoprotein receptor has not been described, to date. Here we show that IAV is using the host membrane glycoprotein CD66c as a receptor for entry into human epithelial lung cells. Neuraminidase (NA), a viral spike protein, binds to CD66c on the cell surface during IAV entry into the host cells. Lung cells overexpressing CD66c showed an increase in virus binding and subsequent entry into the cell. Upon comparison, CD66c demonstrated higher binding capacity than other membrane glycoproteins (EGFR and DC-SIGN) reported earlier to facilitate IAV entry into host cells. siRNA mediated knockdown of CD66c from lung cells inhibited virus binding on cell surface and entry into cells. Blocking CD66c by antibody on the cell surface resulted in decreased virus entry. We found that CD66c is a specific glycoprotein receptor for influenza A virus that did not affect entry of non-IAV RNA virus (Hepatitis C virus). Finally, IAV pre-incubated with recombinant CD66c protein when administered intranasally in mice showed decreased cytopathic effects in mice lungs. This publication is the first to report CD66c (Carcinoembryonic cell adhesion molecule 6 or CEACAM6) as a glycoprotein receptor for Influenza A virus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics; Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism*
  14. Molecular factors in human implantation: adhesion molecules, proteases and cytokines
    Lim KJ
    Malays J Pathol, 2003 Jun;25(1):1-13.
    PMID: 16196373
    Successful human reproduction remains an enigma, but this is slowly changing in the current era of expanding scientific knowledge. The discovery of various molecular factors such as adhesion molecules, proteases and cytokines have in recent years been at the forefront of medical research. The growing importance of immunology in particular has led to novel new immuno-modulatory therapies and increasing research into this new aspect of reproductive immunology may well prove to be the most important breakthrough in understanding the fundamentals of human reproduction. Implantation represents the first step in the complex interactions and processes involved in foetal-maternal interaction, which continues throughout pregnancy gestation and culminates in the birth of an infant. It is therefore vital that we understand the myriad processes controlling implantation in order to build a firm foundation for exploring reproductive immunology research in the new millennium. This review brings together and presents an overview of the potential roles of currently known molecular factors such as adhesion molecules, proteases, cytokines and its interaction with the maternal immune response, incorporating the findings of previous published research performed by the author on cytokines and reproductive immunology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism*
  15. Identification and protective role of CD34+ stromal cells/telocytes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse spleen
    Dama G, Hu X, Yan Y, Li Y, Li H, Yang F, et al.
    Histochem Cell Biol, 2023 Jul;160(1):11-25.
    PMID: 37014442 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-023-02186-5
    Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a classical animal model of human multiple sclerosis (MS) that is most commonly used to study the neuropathology and therapeutic effects of the disease. Telocytes (TCs) are a specialized type of interstitial or mesenchymal cell first identified by Popescu in various tissues and organs. However, the existence, distribution and role of CD34+ stromal cells (SCs)/TCs in the EAE-induced mouse spleen remain to be elucidated. We conducted immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence (double staining for CD34 and c-kit, vimentin, F4/80, CD163, Nanog, Sca-1, CD31 or tryptase) and transmission electron microscopy experiments to investigate the existence, distribution and role of CD34+ SCs/TCs in the EAE-induced mouse spleen. Interestingly, immunohistochemistry, double-immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy results revealed that CD34+ SCs/TCs were significantly upregulated in the EAE mouse spleen. Immunohistochemical or double-immunofluorescence staining of CD34+ SCs/TCs showed positive expression for CD34, c-kit, vimentin, CD34/vimentin, c-kit/vimentin and CD34/c-kit, and negative expression for CD31 and tryptase. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results demonstrated that CD34+ SCs/TCs established close connections with lymphocytes, reticular cells, macrophages, endothelial cells and erythrocytes. Furthermore, we also found that M1 (F4/80) or M2 (CD163) macrophages, and haematopoietic, pluripotent stem cells were markedly increased in EAE mice. Our results suggest that CD34+ SCs/TCs are abundant and may play a contributing role in modulating the immune response, recruiting macrophages and proliferation of haematopoietic and pluripotent stem cells following injury to promote tissue repair and regeneration in EAE mouse spleens. This suggests that their transplantation combined with stem cells might represent a promising therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of multiple autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
  16. Fulltext Revisiting the Roles of Pro-Metastatic EpCAM in Cancer
    Mohtar MA, Syafruddin SE, Nasir SN, Low TY
    Biomolecules, 2020 02 07;10(2).
    PMID: 32046162 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020255
    Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a cell surface protein that was discovered as a tumour marker of epithelial origins nearly four decades ago. EpCAM is expressed at basal levels in the basolateral membrane of normal epithelial cells. However, EpCAM expression is upregulated in solid epithelial cancers and stem cells. EpCAM can also be found in disseminated tumour cells and circulating tumour cells. Various OMICs studies have demonstrated that EpCAM plays roles in several key biological processes such as cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation. Additionally, EpCAM can be detected in the bodily fluid of cancer patients suggesting that EpCAM is a pathophysiologically relevant anti-tumour target as well as being utilized as a diagnostic/prognostic agent for a variety of cancers. This review will focus on the structure-features of EpCAM protein and discuss recent evidence on the pathological and physiological roles of EpCAM in modulating cell adhesion and signalling pathways in cancers as well as deliberating the clinical implication of EpCAM as a therapeutic target.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules
  17. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the lung with pericardial extension: a case report
    Shah Mohd Shah A, Mohamed Z, Abdullah A, Abdul Malek PM, Saidin N, Maskon O
    Cardiovasc. Pathol., 2007 Nov-Dec;16(6):351-3.
    PMID: 18005874
    A 16-year-old student presented with a 4-week history of progressive shortness of breath, loss of appetite, and occasional blood-tinged sputum. The chest X-ray revealed massive right-sided pleural effusion with cardiomegaly. An echocardiogram revealed a large pericardial mass with massive pericardial effusion. Subsequent computed tomography of the thorax revealed a large heterogeneous mass in the right lung with extension into the pericardium. Lung biopsy revealed primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) with small round blue cells, Homer-Wright rosettes, and CD99 positivity. We discuss pericardial metastases of PNET and its implication in this patient.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/analysis
  18. Fulltext Flavonoids as Natural Anti-Inflammatory Agents Targeting Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NFκB) Signaling in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Mini Review
    Choy KW, Murugan D, Leong XF, Abas R, Alias A, Mustafa MR
    Front Pharmacol, 2019;10:1295.
    PMID: 31749703 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01295
    Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as angina, hypertension, myocardial ischemia, and heart failure are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. One of the major transcription factors widely associated with CVDs is nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB). NFκB activation initiates the canonical and non-conical pathways that promotes activation of transcription factors leading to inflammation, such as leukocyte adhesion molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. Flavonoids are bioactive polyphenolic compounds found abundantly in various fruits, vegetables, beverages (tea, coffee), nuts, and cereal products with cardiovascular protective properties. Flavonoids can be classified into six subgroups based on their chemical structures: flavanones, flavones, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, isoflavones, and anthocyanidins. As NFκB inhibitors, these flavonoids may modulate the expression of pro-inflammatory genes leading to the attenuation of the inflammatory responses underlying various cardiovascular pathology. This review presents an update on the anti-inflammatory actions of flavonoids via inhibition of NFκB mechanism supporting the therapeutic potential of these natural compounds in various CVDs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules
  19. Fulltext The role of cells, neurotrophins, extracellular matrix and cell surface molecules in peripheral nerve regeneration
    Naidu M
    Malays J Med Sci, 2009 Apr;16(2):10-4.
    PMID: 22589652 MyJurnal
    Wallerian degeneration is a complicated process whereby axons and myelin sheaths undergo degeneration, and eventually are phagocytosed by macrophages and Schwann cells following nerve damage. Schwann cells proliferate and the endoneural tubes persist. In addition, neurotrophins, neural cell adhesion molecules, cytokines and other soluble factors are upregulated to facilitate regeneration. The important role of cellular components, neurotrophins, and extracellular matrix components, including cell surface molecules involved in this regenerative process, is highlighted and discussed in this review.
    Matched MeSH terms: Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules
  20. Virgin olive oil, palm olein and coconut oil diets do not raise cell adhesion molecules and thrombogenicity indices in healthy Malaysian adults
    Voon PT, Ng TK, Lee VK, Nesaretnam K
    Eur J Clin Nutr, 2015 Jun;69(6):712-6.
    PMID: 25804278 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.26
    Effects of high-protein diets that are rich in saturated fats on cell adhesion molecules, thrombogenicity and other nonlipid markers of atherosclerosis in humans have not been firmly established. We aim to investigate the effects of high-protein Malaysian diets prepared separately with virgin olive oil (OO), palm olein (PO) and coconut oil (CO) on cell adhesion molecules, lipid inflammatory mediators and thromobogenicity indices in healthy adults.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion Molecules/blood*; Cell Adhesion Molecules/chemistry
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