Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 497 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. AIDA NADIA A.RAMLEE, WAN ZALIHA WAN SEMBOK
    MyJurnal
    Fresh-cut pineapple has experienced an increase in demand due to its great health benefits and is rich in vitamins A, B and C. Moreover, pineapple is known as a source of the enzyme bromelain, which has therapeutic applications, such as reducing inflammation, improving digestion and treating osteoarthritis. However, bromelain generally affects the pineapple’s flavour and is less preferred by consumers due to the uncomfortable prickling and tingling sensations it brings. In the present study, two types of gases and their combination, nitrogen (N2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), were used to evaluate their impacts on reducing the tingling and prickling sensations, as well as maintaining the postharvest qualities of fresh-cut pineapple stored at 5°C for 12 days. The parameters being evaluated were the bromelain enzyme activity, flesh colour, ascorbic acid concentration, flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration (SSC), titratable acidity (TA) and sensory evaluation. No significant differences were recorded for all parameters tested. Based on the sensory evaluations, all the attributes, such as colour, aroma, texture, sweetness, sourness, tingling and prickling sensations, and overall acceptance were not affected by the different gases application. Even though no apparent effect was observed, the 30 panellists preferred the aforementioned attributes, except sourness. In conclusion, the fumigation treatments with N2 and CO2 gases were not effective in reducing the tingling and prickling sensations of pineapples cv. Morris.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  2. Ab Aziz MF, Hayat MN, Kaka U, Kamarulzaman NH, Sazili AQ
    Foods, 2020 Jun 04;9(6).
    PMID: 32512753 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060741
    Storage temperature and duration plays an important role in meat processing. Observations in poultry processing plants have shown a serious deviation in storage condition compared to the recommended procedures. Furthermore, there is still a paucity of evidence on the effects of storage temperature and duration on meat quality and microbial population. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different temperature and duration during storage on physico-chemical properties and microbiological quality of broiler chicken Pectoralis major muscle. Eighty birds were slaughtered and processed, following which the packed boneless breast (PBB) (each bird was to provide two breast muscle samples; left breast and right breast) was divided into four groups, each consisted of 40 PBB. Each group was subsequently assigned to storage either at 4 °C, -10 °C, -18 °C or -40 °C, for 24 h before 20 PBB samples from each group were transported to the respective laboratory for meat quality and microbiological analysis. The remaining 20 PBB from each storage temperature were stored for 72 h before being transported for analysis. Results have shown significant increases in drip loss and cooking loss as the storage temperature decreases. Similarly, storage duration significantly affected cooking loss, of which, samples stored for 72 h exhibited higher cooking loss compared to those stored for 24 h. For color, significant differences were only observed in lightness (L*) and redness (a*) values. Longer duration of storage had significantly improved tenderness whereby, samples that have been stored for a shorter duration presented higher pH values. Populations of coliform and Salmonella decreased significantly with decreasing temperature and increasing storage duration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  3. Abbas AA, Guo X, Tan WH, Jalab HA
    J Med Syst, 2014 Aug;38(8):80.
    PMID: 24957396 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-014-0080-7
    In a computerized image analysis environment, the irregularity of a lesion border has been used to differentiate between malignant melanoma and other pigmented skin lesions. The accuracy of the automated lesion border detection is a significant step towards accurate classification at a later stage. In this paper, we propose the use of a combined Spline and B-spline in order to enhance the quality of dermoscopic images before segmentation. In this paper, morphological operations and median filter were used first to remove noise from the original image during pre-processing. Then we proceeded to adjust image RGB values to the optimal color channel (green channel). The combined Spline and B-spline method was subsequently adopted to enhance the image before segmentation. The lesion segmentation was completed based on threshold value empirically obtained using the optimal color channel. Finally, morphological operations were utilized to merge the smaller regions with the main lesion region. Improvement on the average segmentation accuracy was observed in the experimental results conducted on 70 dermoscopic images. The average accuracy of segmentation achieved in this paper was 97.21 % (where, the average sensitivity and specificity were 94 % and 98.05 % respectively).
    Matched MeSH terms: Color*
  4. Abbas, F.M.A., Saifullah, R., Azhar, M.E.
    MyJurnal
    Physical properties of ripe banana flour were studied in Cavendish and Dream banana, in order to distinguish the two varieties. Flour was analyzed for pH, total soluble solids (TSS), water holding capacity
    (WHC) and oil holding capacity (OHC) at 40, 60 and 80 °C, color values L*, a* and b*, back extrusion force
    and viscosity. Physical properties data were analyzed by cluster analysis (CA) and discriminant analysis (DA). CA showed that the two types of flour were different in terms of selected physical properties. DA indicated that WHC at 60 °C was the main contributor in discriminating the two types of flour.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  5. Abd Ganing Laengkang, Rohaidah Haron, Ab Razak Ab Karim
    MyJurnal
    Kajian ini memberi tumpuan terhadap salah satu kategori lakuan bahasa yang diperkenalkan oleh Searle (1969), iaitu lakuan ekspresi. Lakuan ekspresi ialah ujaran-ujaran yang menunjukkan pernyataan psikologi yang memberi gambaran tentang sikap dan perasaan penutur. Analisis kajian ini dilakukan terhadap ujaran-ujaran yang terdapat dalam 40 artikel kritikan Tun Dr. Mahathir dalam isu 1MDB. Melalui kajian ini, sebanyak lima kategori telah dikenal pasti, iaitu lakuan pernyataan, lakuan kritikan, lakuan rujukan, lakuan arahan, dan lakuan ekspresi. Namun demikian, kajian ini hanya memberi tumpuan terhadap lakuan bahasa ekspresi. Analisis mendapati lakuan ekspresi menunjukkan bilangan ujaran paling sedikit berbanding dengan kategori lakuan bahasa yang lain, iaitu sebanyak 20 kekerapan. Lakuan pernyataan mencatatkan kekerapan tertinggi, dengan jumlah kekerapan sebanyak 1302 ujaran, diikuti oleh lakuan kritikan di tempat kedua dengan kekerapan sebanyak 828. Lakuan rujukan dan lakuan arahan masing-masing dengan kekerapan sebanyak 297 dan 128. Hal ini menunjukkan bahawa Tun Dr. Mahathir melakukan kritikan tanpa mengutamakan ekspresi perasaan atau emosi. Sebanyak tujuh sublakuan ekspresi yang ditemui, iaitu lakuan bimbang, hairan, ucapan selamat, kehendak, enggan, minta maaf, dan ucapan terima kasih. Hal ini merumuskan bahawa dalam kritikan, khususnya kritikan bertulis, Tun Dr. Mahathir tidak menunjukkan ekspresi emosi yang berlebihan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  6. Abdelbasit MA, Alwi M, Kandavello G, Che Mood M, Samion H, Hijazi ZM
    Catheter Cardiovasc Interv, 2015 Jul;86(1):94-9.
    PMID: 25675888 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.25878
    OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the Occlutech® PDA occluder for closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).

    BACKGROUND: The Occlutech® PDA occluder is novel, self-shaping Nitinol wire device with PET (polyethylene terephthalate) patches integrated into the shank of the device to assure a better obturation of the ductus. The Occlutech® PDA occluder has undergone two design modifications.

    METHODS: A prospective, non-randomized pilot study was started in November 2011. Thirty-three patients were included until April 2013. Patients weighing <6 kg or those with associated cardiac anomalies that required surgery were excluded. All patients were followed up by transthoracic echocardiography at 24 hr, 30 days, 90 days, 180 days, and 360 days after implantation. Residual shunt, left pulmonary artery (LPA) and descending aortic velocities were among the parameters assessed. All occluders were delivered via 6-8 F long sheaths and PDA closures were performed following standard techniques.

    RESULTS: Thirty three patients (20 female/13 male), with a median age of 2 years (6 month to 38 years), and median weight of 9.3 kg (6-69.2 kg) were included. The narrowest median PDA diameter was 3mm (1.8-5.8 mm). All the 33 patients were closed successfully using Occlutech ductal occluder, 16 patients (48.4%) had immediate and complete closure on angiography. Within 24 hr, color Doppler revealed complete closure in 27patients (81.8%), 32patients (97%) at 30 days, and in 100% of patients at 90 days. All patients with a large PDA had immediate residual shunt which was closed at the 90-day follow-up. There was no device embolization, hemolysis, or obstruction to the LPA or descending aorta.

    CONCLUSION: The new Occlutech® PDA is safe and effective. In patients with a large PDA complete closure tended to take longer time.

    Matched MeSH terms: Echocardiography, Doppler, Color
  7. Abdul Rahim, R., Pang, J.F., Chan, K.S., Leong, L.C., Fazalul Rahiman, M.H.
    ASM Science Journal, 2007;1(1):27-36.
    MyJurnal
    In this study, real-time imaging was monitored for flowing solid particles when various baffles were created to block certain areas of the pipe. The generated flow regimes were full-flow, three-quarter-flow, half-flow and quarter-flow. A vertical pneumatic conveyor was designed to hold a 85 mm inner diameter pipeline. The four projection optical tomography systems used, applied the parallel beam projection approach and use infrared light sources so that the sensor was free of noise from the surrounding visible light source. The two orthogonal and two rectilinear projections were axial, but ideally they should have been in the same layer. The sensor readings could be related to the varying light intensity effects of the dropping particles and were used to provide cross-sectional distribution information for the conveyor. By using computer programming, the information was reconstructed to produce coloured images and concentration was obtained by reference to a colour code. The results obtained from this study showed how imaged flow followed the artificial flow regime. This study could benefit industrial production lines in maintaining the desired flow rates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  8. Abdul Razak Daud, Setia Budi, Shahidan Radiman
    Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40:1123-1127.
    Nanozarah Co-Ni-Cu telah disediakan dengan kaedah elektropengendapan pada keupayaan pengendapan -925 mV (SCE) menggunakan larutan sulfat (0.018M Co2++ 0.180M Ni2+ + 0.002M Cu2+) yang mengandungi surfaktan Glukopon 215 CSUP dan juga tanpa surfaktan. Kesan kepekatan surfaktan terhadap saiz dan sifat magnet nanozarah Co-Ni-Cu yang terhasil telah dikaji. Analisis morfologi permukaan endapan yang diperoleh dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop elektron imbasan pancaran medan (FESEM) manakala sifat magnetnya diselidiki dengan menggunakan magnetometer getaran sampel (VSM). Nanozarah Co-Ni-Cu yang disediakan daripada larutan yang mengandungi Glukopon 215 CSUP didapati berbentuk sfera dengan saiz berskala nanometer. Saiz zarah paling kecil ialah lebih kurang 50 nm, diperoleh pada kepekatan surfaktan 5 %v, iaitu kepekatan paling tinggi yang dikaji dalam kajian ini. Kepaksaan (Hc) didapati lebih tinggi pada sampel yang disediakan daripada elektrolit yang mengandungi surfaktan berbanding tanpa surfaktan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  9. Abdul Wahab Mohammad, Mohd Tusirin Mohd Nor, Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah, Hassimi Abu Hasan, Muhammad Said
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:421-427.
    Palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment has developed in the last decade. Due to the characteristic and volume of POME,
    it needed a complete treatment to reduce the pollutant content. Three pre-treatments method, ultrafiltration, adsorption
    and decantation were applied prior to nanofiltration (NF) membrane. The polyethersulphone membrane, montmorillonite
    as the adsorbent and modern decanter was investigated in this research. Two types of NF membrane, named NF-1 and
    NF-ASP30 were used after pre-treatment. The removal of four important parameters were determined i.e. COD, TSS, colour
    and turbidity. The results showed that the adsorption and UF is better than decantation pre-treatment. The ultrafiltration
    and adsorption can reduce POME content more than 80% for all parameter while decantation varied between 40 and 80%.
    The combination of ultrafiltration and adsorption with both of NF membrane can removed almost all the parameter. But
    the decantation can only remove the turbidity but not for the rest of the parameters. Besides the POME content, the flux
    decline for both of NF membrane was also investigated. The flux of NF-1 membrane was higher than NF-ASP30 membrane
    but NF-ASP was more relative stable for the flux decline. Overall, NF-1 has better performance in flux decline.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  10. Abdul-Nasir AS, Mashor MY, Mohamed Z
    Comput Math Methods Med, 2012;2012:637360.
    PMID: 23082089 DOI: 10.1155/2012/637360
    Malaria is one of the serious global health problem, causing widespread sufferings and deaths in various parts of the world. With the large number of cases diagnosed over the year, early detection and accurate diagnosis which facilitates prompt treatment is an essential requirement to control malaria. For centuries now, manual microscopic examination of blood slide remains the gold standard for malaria diagnosis. However, low contrast of the malaria and variable smears quality are some factors that may influence the accuracy of interpretation by microbiologists. In order to reduce this problem, this paper aims to investigate the performance of the proposed contrast enhancement techniques namely, modified global and modified linear contrast stretching as well as the conventional global and linear contrast stretching that have been applied on malaria images of P. vivax species. The results show that the proposed modified global and modified linear contrast stretching techniques have successfully increased the contrast of the parasites and the infected red blood cells compared to the conventional global and linear contrast stretching. Hence, the resultant images would become useful to microbiologists for identification of various stages and species of malaria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  11. Abdul-Rashid, H.A., Al-Qdah, M.T., Chuah, H.T., Tayahi, M.
    ASM Science Journal, 2008;2(2):129-132.
    MyJurnal
    The operating principle and the performance of chromatic dispersion (CD) measurement technique are discussed through developed numerical models. The performance of the CD measurement technique was studied in terms of the measurement range and sensitivity as the wavelength separation was varied. Based on the numerical model, the technique sensitivity increased with wavelength separation. However, this increase in sensitivity was traded off with a narrower measurement range. The measurement technique was optimized at 5.0 GHz wavelength separation with a sensitivity of 0.009 (dB/ps/nm) and measurement range of 2500 ps/nm.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  12. Abdulsalam M, Man HC, Abidin ZZ, Yunos KF, Idris AI
    Front Microbiol, 2020;11:675.
    PMID: 32477278 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00675
    Colorants contained in palm oil mill effluent (POME) are recalcitrant and carcinogenic in nature. The commonly applied ponding treatment methods have been reported inefficient for remediating the concentration of the colorants before discharge. The need for sustainable and efficient treatment technique is crucial in order to preserve the environment. In this view, this study reported the first attempt to decolorize POME using a proliferate Klebsiella Pneumonia ABZ11 at varied inoculum sizes of 5-25% (v/v), initial color concentration (650-2,600 ADMI) and treatment time of 5-40 h. The treatment conditions were optimized using Response Surface Methodology. At optimal conditions of 20% (v/v) inoculum size, initial-color concentration of 2,600 ADMI, initial pH of 7 and 35 h treatment retention time, over 80.40% color removal was achieved with insignificant disparity compared with the model predicted value of 81.538%. Also, the Monod model excellently described the decolorization kinetic process with 0.9214 coefficient of correlation (R2), and the calculated maximum growth μ
    max
    ) and half-saturation constant (K
    s
    ) were 7.023 d-1 and 340.569 ADMI d-1, respectively. This study revealed that the Klebsiella Pneumonia ABZ11 was highly prolific and such feature may favor a synergistic biodegradation process.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  13. Abidin, N.S.A., Rukunudin, I.H., Zaaba, S.K., Wan Omar, W.A.
    MyJurnal
    This work aimed to evaluate the effect of Atmospheric Cold Plasma (ACP) on the quality of mango flour noodles (NMF). ACP treatment of 5 minutes duration on the surface of the noodles strands were performed and evaluated during three days of storage by monitoring parameters related to colour, water activity, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content. The lightness value (L*) was higher for untreated samples (NMF (U)) than for treated samples (NMF (T)), while a greater increased in the redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) values were observed for the NMF (T). The changes in aw, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) were negligible. However the NMF (T) showed significant different (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  14. Abu Amr SS, Aziz HA, Adlan MN
    Waste Manag, 2013 Jun;33(6):1434-41.
    PMID: 23498721 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.01.039
    The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of employing persulfate reagent in the advanced oxidation of ozone to treat stabilized landfill leachate in an ozone reactor. A central composite design (CCD) with response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to evaluate the relationships between operating variables, such as ozone and persulfate dosages, pH, and reaction time, to identify the optimum operating conditions. Quadratic models for the following four responses proved to be significant with very low probabilities (<0.0001): COD, color, NH3-N, and ozone consumption (OC). The obtained optimum conditions included a reaction time of 210 min, 30 g/m(3) ozone, 1g/1g COD0/S2O8(2-) ratio, and pH 10. The experimental results were corresponded well with predicted models (COD, color, and NH3-N removal rates of 72%, 96%, and 76%, respectively, and 0.60 (kg O3/kg COD OC). The results obtained in the stabilized leachate treatment were compared with those from other treatment processes, such as ozone only and persulfate S2O8(2-) only, to evaluate its effectiveness. The combined method (i.e., O3/S2O8(2-)) achieved higher removal efficiencies for COD, color, and NH3-N compared with other studied applications. Furthermore, the new method is more efficient than ozone/Fenton in advanced oxidation process in the treatment of the same studied leachate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  15. Abu Amr SS, Aziz HA
    Waste Manag, 2012 Sep;32(9):1693-8.
    PMID: 22633680 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.04.009
    Ozonation, combined with the Fenton process (O(3)/H(2)O(2)/Fe(2+)), was used to treat matured landfill leachate. The effectiveness of the Fenton molar ratio, Fenton concentration, pH variance, and reaction time were evaluated under optimum operational conditions. The optimum removal values of chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, and NH(3)-N were found to be 65%, 98%, and 12%, respectively, for 90 min of ozonation using a Fenton molar ratio of 1 at a Fenton concentration of 0.05 mol L(-1) (1700 mg/L) H(2)O(2) and 0.05 mol L(-1) (2800 mg/L) Fe(2+) at pH 7. The maximum removal of NH(3)-N was 19% at 150 min. The ozone consumption for COD removal was 0.63 kg O(3)/kg COD. To evaluate the effectiveness, the results obtained in the treatment of stabilized leachate were compared with those obtained from other treatment processes, such as ozone alone, Fenton reaction alone, as well as combined Fenton and ozone. The combined method (i.e., O(3)/H(2)O(2)/Fe(2+)) achieved higher removal efficiencies for COD, color, and NH(3)-N compared with other studied applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  16. Abu Amr SS, Aziz HA, Adlan MN, Bashir MJ
    PMID: 23445415 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2013.744611
    The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of employing Fenton's reagent in the advanced oxidation of ozone to treat stabilized landfill leachate in an ozone reactor. A central composite design (CCD) with response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to evaluate the relationships between operating variables, such as ozone and Fenton dosage, pH, and reaction time, to identify the optimum operating conditions. Quadratic models for the following four responses proved to be significant with very low probabilities (<0.0001): chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, NH-N, and ozone consumption (OC). The obtained optimum conditions included a reaction time of 90 min, 30 g/m³ ozone, 0.01 mol/L₂H₂O,0.02 mol/L Fe²⁺, and pH 5. COD, color, and NH₃-N removal rates of 79%, 100%, and 20%, respectively, and 0.18 kg O₃/kg COD OC were obtained. The predictions correspond well with experimental results (COD, color, and NH-N removal rates of 78%, 98.5%, and 19%, respectively, and 0.29 kg O₃/kg COD OC). This method reduces the treatment time and improves the treatment efficiency relative to a previously published method that used Fenton's reagent prior to ozonation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  17. Abu Bakar NF, Chen AH
    Indian J Ophthalmol, 2014 Feb;62(2):141-4.
    PMID: 24008790 DOI: 10.4103/0301-4738.116481
    Children with learning disabilities might have difficulties to communicate effectively and give reliable responses as required in various visual function testing procedures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color Vision/physiology*
  18. AbuHassan KJ, Bakhori NM, Kusnin N, Azmi UZM, Tania MH, Evans BA, et al.
    Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2017 Jul;2017:4512-4515.
    PMID: 29060900 DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2017.8037859
    Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most devastating infectious diseases and its treatment efficiency is majorly influenced by the stage at which infection with the TB bacterium is diagnosed. The available methods for TB diagnosis are either time consuming, costly or not efficient. This study employs a signal generation mechanism for biosensing, known as Plasmonic ELISA, and computational intelligence to facilitate automatic diagnosis of TB. Plasmonic ELISA enables the detection of a few molecules of analyte by the incorporation of smart nanomaterials for better sensitivity of the developed detection system. The computational system uses k-means clustering and thresholding for image segmentation. This paper presents the results of the classification performance of the Plasmonic ELISA imaging data by using various types of classifiers. The five-fold cross-validation results show high accuracy rate (>97%) in classifying TB images using the entire data set. Future work will focus on developing an intelligent mobile-enabled expert system to diagnose TB in real-time. The intelligent system will be clinically validated and tested in collaboration with healthcare providers in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  19. Abubakar AA, Zulkifli I, Goh YM, Kaka U, Sabow AB, Imlan JC, et al.
    Foods, 2021 Jan 26;10(2).
    PMID: 33530479 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020252
    This study's objective was to evaluate the effects of distance and stocking density on physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of meat and acute-phase proteins in Brahman crossbred cattle transported by road under hot and humid tropical conditions. Sixty Brahman crossbred heifers were subjected to road transport from a cattle feedlot farm located in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, to a commercial ruminant abattoir in Shah Alam, Selangor. Animals were assigned to long and short distances and high, medium, and low stocking densities. The results revealed that the intensity of response significantly increased in meat samples from animals subjected to long-distance transportation and higher stocking density. Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and serum amyloid-A values increased considerably and were different from the baseline values recorded at preload. In conclusion, the current results revealed that the color, pH, shear force values, water holding capacity (WHC), glycogen level, and malondilaldehyde assay (MDA) concentrations in meat and acute-phase proteins (APP) were affected by both distances and stocking densities, as evidenced by the significant changes recorded from the parameters above.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
  20. Abubakar B, Yakasai HM, Zawawi N, Ismail M
    J Food Drug Anal, 2018 04;26(2):706-715.
    PMID: 29567241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.06.010
    Diet-related metabolic diseases, and especially obesity, are metabolic disorders with multifactorial aetiologies. Diet has been a cornerstone in both the aetiology and management of this metabolic disorders. Rice, a staple food for over half of the world's population, could be exploited as part of the solution to check this menace which has been skyrocketing in the last decade. The present study investigated nine forms of rice from three widely grown Malaysian rice cultivars for in vitro and in vivo (glycaemic index and load) properties that could translate clinically into a lower predisposition to diet-related diseases. The germinated brown forms of MRQ 74 and MR 84 rice cultivars had high amylose content percentages (25.7% and 25.0%), high relative percentage antioxidant scavenging abilities of 85.0% and 91.7%, relatively low glycaemic indices (67.6 and 64.3) and glycaemic load (32.3 and 30.1) values, and modest glucose uptake capabilities of 33.69% and 31.25%, respectively. The results show that all things being equal, rice cultivars that are germinated and high in amylose content when compared to their white and low amylose counterparts could translate into a lower predisposition to diet-related diseases from the dietary point of view in individuals who consume this cereal as a staple food.
    Matched MeSH terms: Color
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links