Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 23 in total

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  1. Zahidi I, Wilson G, Brown K, Hou FKK
    J Health Pollut, 2020 Dec;10(28):201207.
    PMID: 33324504 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-10.28.201207
    Background: Rivers are susceptible to pollution and water pollution is a growing problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) with rapid development and minimal environmental protections. There are universal pollutant threshold values, but they are not directly linked to river activities such as sand mining and aquaculture. Water quality modelling can support assessments of river pollution and provide information on this important environmental issue.

    Objectives: The objective of the present study was to demonstrate water quality modelling methodology in reviewing existing policies for Malaysian river catchments based on an example case study.

    Methods: The MIKE 11 software developed by the Danish Hydraulic Institute was used to model the main pollutant point sources within the study area - sand mining and aquaculture. Water quality data were obtained for six river stations from 2000 to 2015. All sand mining and aquaculture locations and approximate production capacities were quantified by ground survey. Modelling of the sand washing effluents was undertaken with the advection-dispersion module due to the nature of the fine sediment. Modelling of the fates of aquaculture deposits required both advection-dispersion and Danish Hydraulic Institute ECO Lab modules to simulate the detailed interactions between water quality determinants.

    Results: According to the Malaysian standard, biochemical oxygen command (BOD) and ammonium (NH4) parameters fell under Class IV at most of the river reaches, while the dissolved oxygen (DO) parameter varied between Classes II to IV. Total suspended solids (TSS) fell within Classes IV to V along the mid river reaches of the catchment.

    Discussion: Comparison between corresponding constituents and locations showed that the water quality model reproduced the long-term duration exceedance for the main body of the curves. However, the water quality model underestimated the infrequent high concentration observations. A standard effluent disposal was proposed for the development of legislation and regulations by authorities in the district that could be replicated for other similar catchments.

    Conclusions: Modelling pollutants enables observation of trends over the years and the percentage of time a certain class is exceeded for each individual pollutant. The catchment did not meet Class II requirements and may not be able to reach Class I without extensive improvements in the quality and reducing the quantity of both point and non-point effluent sources within the catchment.

    Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  2. Von Keep PA
    Adv Fertil Control, 1967;2:1-5.
    PMID: 12275322
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  3. Thambypillai V
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Jun;41(2):116-22.
    PMID: 3821606
    The stress process and events of later life are more irreversible and chronic as compared with those of young adulthood Coping is defined as "things that people do to avoid being harmed by life-strains". This study looks at the coping status of non-institutionalised ill elderly in Holbaek, Denmark. A structured questionnaire was carried out on 500 elderly, aged 70 years and above. Coping status was found to be associated with income, social network, functional capacity and communications ability. The poor copers used more home help and home nursing services. Effective informal social network and functional capacity were found to be important determinants of coping status. The study recommends that besides strengthening the informal social networks of the elderly, they should also be given coping focussed counselling.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  4. Shaharin Hamid, Che Maznah Mat Isa, Shamer N. Felix, Nur Kamaliah Mustaffa
    ESTEEM Academic Journal, 2020;16(1):47-58.
    MyJurnal
    Ineffective construction waste management has become a serious problem that impacted significantly to environmental pollutions especially in a developing country like Malaysia. Despite the enactment of law by the government, Malaysia is still far behind as compared to other countries like Denmark and Hong Kong in terms of implementation of recycling and reuse of construction waste. Recycling and reuse of waste materials seems to be a profitable method that will boost the
    lifetime of landfills and cut down the usage of virgin natural resources. This paper discusses the practices of recycling and reuse of construction waste materials in the Klang Valley. A questionnaire survey was administered to 117 respondents from construction companies. The most common types of construction waste materials that can be recycled and reused are concrete, metal, asphalt, brick, plastic, cardboard, timber and glass. A descriptive analysis using Relative Important Index (RII) was used to rank the items asked in the survey. It was found that the most frequent types of recycling and reuse of construction waste materials based on ranking is timber,
    while the key benefit of recycle and reuse of construction waste is reduction of landfill space. On the other hand, the key challenge that affects recycling and reuse of construction waste is the risk of contamination. This study is beneficial for all parties involved in construction activities to achieve a more sustainable construction in Malaysia and throughout the world.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  5. Sandvej K, Peh SC, Andresen BS, Pallesen G
    Blood, 1994 Dec 15;84(12):4053-60.
    PMID: 7994023
    In this study, we have sequenced the C-terminal part of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-BNLF-1 gene encoding for the latent membrane protein-1 from tissues of EBV-positive Danish Hodgkin's disease (HD) and of Danish and Malaysian peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTLs) and from tonsils of Danish infectious mononucleosis (IM). Our study showed that some of the 7 single-base mutations and the 30-bp deletion previously detected between codons of amino acid 322 and 366 in the BNLF-1 gene of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CAO were present in all Malaysian PTLs and in 60% of the Danish PTLs. In HD and the IM cases, the mutations were present in about 30%. The 30-bp deletion and the single base mutations occurred independently, and mutations were detectable in the majority of EBV type B-positive cases. These findings suggest that the 30-bp deletion and the 7 single-base mutations in the C-terminal part of the CAO-BNLF-1 gene do not characterize a new EBV type A substrain. Rather, some of the positions of single base mutations and the 30-bp deletion are hot spots that may have mutated independently through the evolution of EBV strains.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  6. Rey JM, Peng R, Morales-Blanquez C, Widyawati I, Peralta V, Walter G
    J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2000 Sep;39(9):1168-74.
    PMID: 10986814 DOI: 10.1097/00004583-200009000-00017
    OBJECTIVE:
    To examine the extent to which clinicians from different cultures agree when rating the quality of a child's family environment and the effect of country, language, and training factors on these ratings.

    METHOD:
    Eighty-seven health professionals from Malaysia, Spain, Australia, Indonesia, the United States, Denmark, and Singapore rated 7 case vignettes using the Global Family Environment Scale. Half (54%) were psychiatrists. One quarter (26%) performed the ratings after attending a training session, the rest (n = 64, 74%) after reading a training manual.

    RESULTS:
    Overall, interrater agreement (intraclass r) was 0.84 (95% confidence interval: 0.68-0.96). There were no significant differences in agreement according to country, language, training, or professional group, although there were country differences in the ratings given to 2 vignettes. The majority of raters found the description of the anchor points (86%), training manual (95%), and case vignettes (97%) clear.

    CONCLUSIONS:
    Clinicians from different cultures seem to be able to make global ratings of the quality of the family environment that are reliable and consistent when using case vignettes. This can be achieved with little training. Global ratings of the quality of the family environment may be a useful tool in mental health research and clinical work.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  7. Rasmussen LD, Pedersen C, Madsen HD, Laursen CB
    BMJ Case Rep, 2017 Nov 29;2017.
    PMID: 29191821 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-221025
    A 36-year-old Danish man, living in Asia, was diagnosed with Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and HIV in 2013 (CD4+ count: 6 cells/µL; viral load: 518 000 copies/mL). He initiated combination antiretroviral therapy. Later that year, he was also diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis and was treated with prednisolone. Despite complete viral suppression and increasing CD4+ count (162 cells/µL), he was readmitted with PCP in April 2015. Subsequently, he returned to Denmark (CD4+ count: 80 cells/µL, viral suppression). Over the following months, he developed progressive dyspnoea. Lung function tests demonstrated severely reduced lung capacity with an obstructive pattern and a moderately reduced diffusion capacity. High resolution computer tomography revealed minor areas with tree-in-bud pattern and no signs of air trapping on expiratory views. Lung biopsy showed lymphocytic infiltration surrounding the bronchioles with sparing of the alveolar septa. He was diagnosed with follicular bronchiolitis. The patient spontaneously recovered along with an improvement of the immune system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark/epidemiology
  8. Pedersen A
    Waste Manag Res, 2008 Feb;26(1):111-4.
    PMID: 18338708
    During 2006 the CDM market in Malaysia became established and by December 2007 a total of 20 Malaysian projects had registered with the CDM Executive Board. The Kyoto Protocol defines the Annex 1 countries, as countries that are obliged to reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the clean development mechanism (CDM) allows Annex 1 countries to develop projects, which contribute to emission reduction, in non-Annex 1 (developing) countries. Currently, two projects have been corrected due to request for review and there is one project for which review is requested. Two projects have been rejected by the Executive Board. The broad knowledge of CDM in Malaysia and the number of successful projects are partly due to the well-functioning CDM institutional framework in Malaysia. As an illustration this article focuses on a Malaysian-Danish project and describes the implementation of CDM in Malaysia and refers to this specific project. The project was registered with the CDM Executive Board in May 2007 and is a methane avoidance project in which methane is captured from a landfill and used to generate electricity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  9. Overø K
    Theriaca, 2009.
    PMID: 20027790
    Lauritz Toft (1920-1991), also known as Lau, graduated with a MSc degree in pharmacy at the Royal Danish School of Pharmacy in 1944. During the education and parallel activities Lau had shown gifts for intuition and improvisation, together with special talents for leadership and large-scale working. In 1945 he got the idea during the organization of the East Asiatic Company Ltd. to sell the best of the products from the Danish pharmaceutical companies in India under a common trade mark: DUMEX (Danish United Medical Export). The article describes Lau's difficulties and problems in realizing this idea. The adventure peaks in the mid-1950's with about 40 pharmacists in DUMEX-departments in India as well as Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, China etc.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  10. Opstelten JL, Beelen RMJ, Leenders M, Hoek G, Brunekreef B, van Schaik FDM, et al.
    Dig Dis Sci, 2016 Oct;61(10):2963-2971.
    PMID: 27461060 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-016-4249-4
    BACKGROUND: Industrialization has been linked to the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

    AIM: We investigated the association between air pollution exposure and IBD.

    METHODS: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort was used to identify cases with Crohn's disease (CD) (n = 38) and ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 104) and controls (n = 568) from Denmark, France, the Netherlands, and the UK, matched for center, gender, age, and date of recruitment. Air pollution data were obtained from the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects. Residential exposure was assessed with land-use regression models for particulate matter with diameters of <10 μm (PM10), <2.5 μm (PM2.5), and between 2.5 and 10 μm (PMcoarse), soot (PM2.5 absorbance), nitrogen oxides, and two traffic indicators. Conditional logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).

    RESULTS: Although air pollution was not significantly associated with CD or UC separately, the associations were mostly similar. Individuals with IBD were less likely to have higher exposure levels of PM2.5 and PM10, with ORs of 0.24 (95 % CI 0.07-0.81) per 5 μg/m(3) and 0.25 (95 % CI 0.08-0.78) per 10 μg/m(3), respectively. There was an inverse but nonsignificant association for PMcoarse. A higher nearby traffic load was positively associated with IBD [OR 1.60 (95 % CI 1.04-2.46) per 4,000,000 motor vehicles × m per day]. Other air pollutants were positively but not significantly associated with IBD.

    CONCLUSION: Exposure to air pollution was not found to be consistently associated with IBD.

    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark/epidemiology
  11. Meor Shamsul Mahfudz Jeffry, Nur Ikhwan Mohamad
    MyJurnal
    Badminton is a court
    based racquet games to be played either in single (one versus one) or double (two versus two)
    in a court. Badminton is a famous sport especially in Asia and among the excellent team in
    badminton includes China, Indonesia, Malaysia and South Korea. Outside of Asia, badminton
    is well known in England and Denmark. One of the main tasks of strength and conditioning
    coach or trainer is to design and implement physical conditioning program. Well developed
    and implemented training programs mainly dependable on how accurate the training program
    variables being devised and manipulated, in order to serve the need and goals of involved
    athletes. Appropriate manipulation of training program variables and modifications made
    from time to time relies a lot on the accuracy and reliability of monitoring assessment used.
    The main purpose of this review is to identify what has been done previously regarding
    physiological and biomechanical profiling of badminton players. It is also the aim of this
    review to discuss on the type of test previously used in previous studies, especially with
    regards to strength and power assessment, were close enough to movement pattern perform
    by a badminton players during an actual badminton match.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  12. Larsen M
    J Anim Sci, 2006 Apr;84 Suppl:E133-9.
    PMID: 16582084
    In a world in which sheep producers are facing increasing problems due to the rapid spread of anthelmintic resistance, the battle against gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes is a difficult one. One of the potential new tools for integrated control strategies is biological control by means of the nematode-destroying microfungus Duddingtonia flagrans. This fungus forms sticky traps that catch developing larval stages of parasitic nematodes in the fecal environment. When resting spores (chlamydospores) of this fungus are fed daily to grazing animals for a period of time, the pasture infectivity and thus, the worm burden of grazing animals are lowered, especially in young lambs. Research has been conducted throughout the world covering many different climates and management systems. An Australian parasite model showed that if the fungus performs efficiently (> or =90% reduction in worm burden) for 2 or 3 mo, it should contribute significantly to a reduction in the number of dead lambs otherwise occurring when managed only by anthelmintic treatment and grazing management. Feeding or field trials have clearly demonstrated that dosing with a few hundred thousand spores per kilogram of live BW not only reduced the number of infective larvae but also increased the BW of the lambs compared with controls not given fungus. Initial Australian work with feeding spores by means of a block formulation or a slow-release device has shown some promise, but further work is needed to fully develop these delivery systems. In tropical Malaysia, small paddock trials and field studies resulted in significant improvements, in terms of lower worm burdens and increased live BW, when feeding half a million spores daily to grazing lambs. Additional benefits have been observed when the fungus is employed in combination with a fast rotational grazing system. Research has also demonstrated that spores can be delivered in slightly moist feed block material, but only if such blocks are consumed rapidly, because of their very short shelf life. In the northern, temperate Danish climate it has been demonstrated that daily feeding of half a million spores per kilogram of live BW can lead to significant production benefits, with increased live BW gain in fungus-exposed animals. Biological control of parasitic nematodes in sheep seems to hold promise for the future, but to be able to assist producers, the optimal delivery system needs to be refined and further developed. In addition, more work will be needed to define the best use of this technology in different geographic regions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  13. Jahanfar, S.
    Malays Fam Physician, 2008;3(2):111-112.
    PMID: 25606132 MyJurnal
    A twin registry is a registry of twin pairs (monozygotic = MZ and Dizygotic = DZ) who are willing to consider participating in health-related research. Twins are able to help researchers study the impact of genetic and environmental factors on health and the treatment and prevention of disease in a special way. Throughout the world, twin registries have been established by the governments via the National Health and Medical Research in order to put researchers in touch with twins who might be willing to take part in particular projects. In Australia, for example, more than 30,000 pairs of twins have joined the registry, making it the largest volunteer registry of its kind in the world. However, in some countries such as Denmark, the first twin registry was born in a medical faculty and it was then expanded to the National Twin Registry of Denmark. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  14. Ismail MH, Baharuddin KA, Suliman MA, Mohd Shukri MF, Che Has SN, Lo ZZ
    Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):157-163.
    PMID: 33742622
    INTRODUCTION: Potassium level is measured for patients with high risk of hyperkalemia in the emergency department (ED) using both blood gas analyser (BGA) and biochemistry analyser (BCA). The study was conducted to evaluate the correlation and agreement of potassium measurement between BGA and BCA.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective cross-sectional study on the data obtained from Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (Hospital USM) from Jun 2018 until May 2019. Blood samples were taken via a single prick from venous blood and sent separately using 1ml heparinised syringe and were analysed immediately in ED using BGA (Radiometer, ABL800 FLEX, Denmark) and another sample was sent to the central laboratory of Hospital USM and analysed by BCA (Architect, C8000, USA). Only patients who had potassium levels ≥5.0mmol/L on blood gas results were included. A total of 173 sample pairs were included. The correlation and agreement were evaluated using Passing and Bablok regression, Linear Regression and Bland-Altman test.

    RESULT: Of the 173 sample pairs, the median of potassium level based on BGA and BCA were 5.50mmol/L (IQR: 1.00) and 5.90mmol/L (IQR: 0.95) respectively. There was significant correlation between two measurements (p<0.001, r: 0.36). The agreement between the two measurements showed within acceptable mean difference which was 0.27 mmol/L with 95% limit of agreement were 1.21mmol/L to 1.73mmol/L.

    CONCLUSION: The result of blood gas can be used as a guide for initial treatment of hyperkalaemia in critical cases where time is of the essence. However, BCA result is still the definitive value.

    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  15. Hartmeyer GN, Stensvold CR, Fabricius T, Marmolin ES, Hoegh SV, Nielsen HV, et al.
    Emerg Infect Dis, 2019 10;25(10):1936-1939.
    PMID: 31538931 DOI: 10.3201/eid2510.190448
    We report human infection with simian Plasmodium cynomolgi in a tourist from Denmark who had visited forested areas in peninsular Malaysia and Thailand in August and September 2018. Because P. cynomolgi may go unnoticed by standard malaria diagnostics, this malaria species may be more common in humans than was previously thought.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark/ethnology
  16. Hansen TA, Mollerup S, Nguyen NP, White NE, Coghlan M, Alquezar-Planas DE, et al.
    Emerg Microbes Infect, 2016 Aug 17;5(8):e90.
    PMID: 27530749 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2016.90
    Outbreaks of zoonotic diseases in humans and livestock are not uncommon, and an important component in containment of such emerging viral diseases is rapid and reliable diagnostics. Such methods are often PCR-based and hence require the availability of sequence data from the pathogen. Rattus norvegicus (R. norvegicus) is a known reservoir for important zoonotic pathogens. Transmission may be direct via contact with the animal, for example, through exposure to its faecal matter, or indirectly mediated by arthropod vectors. Here we investigated the viral content in rat faecal matter (n=29) collected from two continents by analyzing 2.2 billion next-generation sequencing reads derived from both DNA and RNA. Among other virus families, we found sequences from members of the Picornaviridae to be abundant in the microbiome of all the samples. Here we describe the diversity of the picornavirus-like contigs including near-full-length genomes closely related to the Boone cardiovirus and Theiler's encephalomyelitis virus. From this study, we conclude that picornaviruses within R. norvegicus are more diverse than previously recognized. The virome of R. norvegicus should be investigated further to assess the full potential for zoonotic virus transmission.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark/epidemiology
  17. Grove J, Ripke S, Als TD, Mattheisen M, Walters RK, Won H, et al.
    Nat Genet, 2019 03;51(3):431-444.
    PMID: 30804558 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0344-8
    Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable and heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental phenotypes diagnosed in more than 1% of children. Common genetic variants contribute substantially to ASD susceptibility, but to date no individual variants have been robustly associated with ASD. With a marked sample-size increase from a unique Danish population resource, we report a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 18,381 individuals with ASD and 27,969 controls that identified five genome-wide-significant loci. Leveraging GWAS results from three phenotypes with significantly overlapping genetic architectures (schizophrenia, major depression, and educational attainment), we identified seven additional loci shared with other traits at equally strict significance levels. Dissecting the polygenic architecture, we found both quantitative and qualitative polygenic heterogeneity across ASD subtypes. These results highlight biological insights, particularly relating to neuronal function and corticogenesis, and establish that GWAS performed at scale will be much more productive in the near term in ASD.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  18. Frannelya Francis, Khatijah Lim Abdullah, Jati Kasuma
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The numbers of male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and sexual dysfunction (SD) are increasing worldwide including Malaysia. Both disorders caused significant effects on quality of life. Most men assume both disorders as age-related problem and opt to go untreated. Exploring the prevalence of both disorders and their effects on males’ quality of life in Sarawak by nurses is highly relevant. There has to be a significant change in the way these two health problems are assessed and managed by the nurses often with little or no medical participation. This study was aimed to determine the occurrence of LUTS and SD in men, and their effects on quality of life in Sarawak. Methods: A cross-sectional, survey-based study was used involving 162 male outpatients of age 40 years, recruited at outpatient clinics in Sarawak General Hospital. Questionnaires on International Prostate Symptoms Score; Danish Prostatic Symptoms Score-Sex and International Index for Erectile Function; and quality of life - Short Form-36 were given to eligible participants. Results: Results revealed that the occurrence of moderate to severe LUTS among male respondents attending non-urological clinics were14.8% and most common in 60-69 years old males. 84.6% of them experienced nocturia. 47.83% had severe erectile dysfunction and most common in 70-79 years old males. LUTS were also positively associated with erectile dysfunction. However, the findings on quality of life showed that both diseases were negatively associated with physical and mental composite summaries in Short Form-36. Con- clusions: The results implied that prevalence of both disorders and their effects on men’s quality of life is significant and have impacts on clinical practice. Contributing factors to male LUTS and SD were identified and need to be addressed accordingly to minimise the occurrence and complications of both disorders to men.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
  19. Cao X, Rajarshi A, Tong J
    PMID: 30126241 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081782
    With the increasing scarcity of traditional energy sources, global warming and environmental degradation, the increased use of renewable energy (RE) has become an effective path for sustainable development. Therefore, countries are paying more and more attention to the development of the RE industry, and the world trade in renewable energy products (REPs) is developing rapidly. First of all, this paper defines REPs, refines the scope of REPs, and proposes the "Equalization Technology Classification" method for the technology classification of REPs. Second, based on the United Nations Comtrade (COMTRADE) data, the export technology structure of China's REPs from 2007 to 2016 was empirically measured. Finally, a comparative study was conducted on the renewable energy product (REP) export technologies of major REP exporting countries (or regions) in the world. We found that (1) China's exports of REPs are mainly medium-high and medium technical complexity products, and that there are few high technical complexity products; (2) the export technology structure of China's REPs is deteriorating, and its overall technical level is in the middle of the global industrial value chain. The export technology of China's REPs has a gap compared with that of Denmark, Hong Kong China, and Singapore; (3) the technological competition of the world's REPs is becoming increasingly fierce. The growth rates of REP technologies in South Korea, Japan, and Malaysia's REPs are significantly higher than that of China.
    Matched MeSH terms: Denmark
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