Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 1983 in total

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  1. Abd Rani NZ, Husain K, Kumolosasi E
    Front Pharmacol, 2018;9:108.
    PMID: 29503616 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00108
    Moringa
    is a genus of medicinal plants that has been used traditionally to cure wounds and various diseases such as colds and diabetes. In addition, the genus is also consumed as a source of nutrients and widely used for purifying water. The genus consists of 13 species that have been widely cultivated throughout Asia and Africa for their multiple uses. The purpose of this review is to provide updated and categorized information on the traditional uses, phytochemistry, biological activities, and toxicological research ofMoringaspecies in order to explore their therapeutic potential and evaluate future research opportunities. The literature reviewed for this paper was obtained from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar journal papers published from 1983 to March 2017.Moringaspecies are well-known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antihyperglycemic activities. Most of their biological activity is caused by their high content of flavonoids, glucosides, and glucosinolates. By documenting the traditional uses and biological activities ofMoringaspecies, we hope to support new research on these plants, especially on those species whose biological properties have not been studied to date.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus
  2. Ho HH, Sinaga DA, Arshad MKM, Kasim S, Lee JH, Khoo DZL, et al.
    Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc, 2020 Feb;26:100469.
    PMID: 32021903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2020.100469
    Background: Amphilimus-eluting stent (AES) is a novel polymer-free drug eluting stent that combines sirolimus with fatty acid as antiproliferative drug and has shown promising results in percutaneous coronary intervention.We evaluated the clinical safety and efficacy of AES in an all-comers South-East Asian registry.

    Methods: Between May 2014 to April 2017, 268 patients (88% male, mean age 60.1 ± 10.8 years) with 291 coronary lesions were treated with AES. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE) ie a composite of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction (MI) and target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 12-month follow-up.

    Results: The majority of patients presented with acute coronary syndrome (75%) and 75% had multi-vessel disease on angiography. Diabetes mellitus was present in 123 patients (46%). The most common target vessel for PCI was left anterior descending artery (43%) followed by right coronary artery (36%), left circumflex (10%) and left main (6%).The majority of lesions were type B-C (85%) by ACC/AHA lesion classification. An average of 1.25 ± 0.5 AES were used per patient, with mean AES diameter of 3.1 ± 0.4 mm and average total length of 34.8 ± 19.4 mm.At 12-month follow-up, 4% of patients developed MACE. MACE was mainly driven by cardiovascular mortality (1.5%), MI (2%) and TLR (1.5%). The rate of stent thrombosis was 1.5%.

    Conclusion: In a contemporary all-comers South-East Asian registry with high rate of diabetes mellitus, AES was found to be efficacious with a low incidence of MACE observed at 12-month follow-up.

    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus
  3. Benchoula K, Serpell CJ, Mediani A, Albogami A, Misnan NM, Ismail NH, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2024 Feb 15;14(1):3823.
    PMID: 38360784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45608-z
    Zebrafish have been utilized for many years as a model animal for pharmacological studies on diabetes and obesity. High-fat diet (HFD), streptozotocin and alloxan injection, and glucose immersion have all been used to induce diabetes and obesity in zebrafish. Currently, studies commonly used both male and female zebrafish, which may influence the outcomes since male and female zebrafish are biologically different. This study was designed to investigate the difference between the metabolites of male and female diabetic zebrafish, using limonene - a natural product which has shown several promising results in vitro and in vivo in treating diabetes and obesity-and provide new insights into how endogenous metabolites change following limonene treatment. Using HFD-fed male and female zebrafish, we were able to develop an animal model of T2D and identify several endogenous metabolites that might be used as diagnostic biomarkers for diabetes. The endogenous metabolites in males and females were different, even though both genders had high blood glucose levels and a high BMI. Treatment with limonene prevented high blood glucose levels and improved in diabesity zebrafish by limonene, through reversal of the metabolic changes caused by HFD in both genders. In addition, limonene was able to reverse the elevated expression of AKT during HFD.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus*
  4. Abbasi MA, Hassan M, Ur-Rehman A, Siddiqui SZ, Hussain G, Shah SAA, et al.
    Comput Biol Chem, 2018 Dec;77:72-86.
    PMID: 30245349 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.09.007
    The heterocyclic compounds have been extensively reported for their bioactivity potential. The current research work reports the synthesis of some new multi-functional derivatives of 2-furoic piperazide (1; 1-(2-furoyl)piperazine). The synthesis was initiated by reacting the starting compound 1 with 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonyl chloride (2) in a basic, polar and protic medium to obtain the parent sulfonamide 3 which was then treated with different electrophiles, 4a-g, in a polar and aprotic medium to acquire the designed molecules, 5a-g. These convergent derivatives were evaluated for their inhibitory potential against α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. Acarbose was used as a reference standard for α-glucosidase inhibition while eserine for AChE and BChE inhibition. Some of the synthesized compounds were identified as promising inhibitors of these three enzymes and their bioactivity potentials were also supported by molecular docking study. The most active compounds among the synthetic analogues might be helpful in drug discovery and development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and Alzhiemer's diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy*; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
  5. Ng ZX, Kuppusamy UR, Tajunisah I, Fong KC, Koay AC, Chua KH
    Br J Ophthalmol, 2012 Feb;96(2):289-92.
    PMID: 22116960 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2011-300658
    The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between 2245G/A gene polymorphism of the RAGE gene and retinopathy in Malaysian type 2 diabetic patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
  6. Ng CJ, Mathers N, Bradley A, Colwell B
    BMC Health Serv Res, 2014 Oct 24;14:503.
    PMID: 25341370 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-014-0503-7
    BACKGROUND: There is a lack of practical research frameworks to guide the development of patient decision aids [PtDAs]. This paper described how a PtDA was developed using the International Patient Decision Aids (IPDAS) guideline and UK Medical Research Council (UKMRC) frameworks to support patients when making treatment decisions in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

    METHODS: This study used mixed methods to develop a PtDA for use in a UK general practice setting. A 10-member expert panel was convened to guide development and patients and clinicians were also interviewed individually using semi-structured interview guides to identify their decisional needs. Current literature was reviewed systematically to determine the best available evidence. The Ottawa Decision Support Framework was used to guide the presentation of the information and value clarification exercise. An iterative draft-review-revise process by the research team and review panel was conducted until the PtDA reached content and format 'saturation'. The PtDA was then pilot-tested by users in actual consultations to assess its acceptability and feasibility. The IPDAS and UKMRC frameworks were used throughout to inform the development process.

    RESULTS: The PANDAs PtDA was developed systematically and iteratively. Patients and clinicians highlighted the needs for information, decisional, emotional and social support, which were incorporated into the PtDA. The literature review identified gaps in high quality evidence and variations in patient outcome reporting. The PtDA comprised five components: background of the treatment options; pros and cons of each treatment option; value clarification exercise; support needs; and readiness to decide.

    CONCLUSIONS: This study has demonstrated the feasibility of combining the IPDAS and the UKMRC frameworks for the development and evaluation of a PtDA. Future studies should test this model for developing PtDAs across different decisions and healthcare contexts.

    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy*
  7. Mirasol R, Thai AC, Salahuddin AA, Tan K, Deerochanawong C, Mohamed M, et al.
    J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc, 2017;32(1):6-12.
    PMID: 33442078 DOI: 10.15605/jafes.032.01.02
    The Asia-Pacific region carries a high disease burden, with over half of the global diabetic population residing in this region. Increasing evidence shows that without targeted intervention, the progression from impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 diabetes occurs more frequently in Asians compared with Caucasians. Furthermore, IGT is independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and should be managed as early as possible. Because diabetes is now a major public health issue, strategies aimed at prevention and treatment are urgently required. Lifestyle modification, including weight loss, dietary changes and increased physical activity, play a major role in controlling the disease. Significant evidence also supports the effectiveness of a combination of lifestyle modification and pharmacologic therapy, such as metformin, in delaying the onset of diabetes. Although the importance of lifestyle interventions is well recognized throughout Asia, many countries do not have formal recommendations to guide the diagnosis and management of individuals at risk of progression to diabetes. At a recent regional meeting, experts from the Asian region convened to develop consensus recommendations to guide clinicians in the management of Asian patients with pre-diabetes. These consensus recommendations provide a clear and concise approach to the management of individuals with IGT based on the available evidence and current best clinical practice.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
  8. Mohamad N, Badrin S, Wan Abdullah WNH
    Korean J Fam Med, 2018 Mar;39(2):126-129.
    PMID: 29629046 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2018.39.2.126
    Fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis is a differential diagnosis that can be considered in diabetic patients who present with a poorly healing ulcer. Although its prevalence is low, it can occur in patients with immunocompromised status. Here we report a case of a 70-year-old man with diabetes mellitus who presented with a 1-month history of an unhealed ulcer over the tip of his left middle finger. He experienced a cat bite over his left middle finger 1 month prior to the appearance of the lesion. A skin biopsy revealed the presence of Sporothrix schenckii. Oral itraconazole 200 mg twice daily was started empirically and the patient showed marked improvement in the skin lesion after 2 months of therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus
  9. Ayadurai S, Hattingh HL, Tee LB, Md Said SN
    J Diabetes Res, 2016;2016:5897452.
    PMID: 27247949 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5897452
    Background. We conducted a review of current diabetes intervention studies in type 2 diabetes and identified opportunities for pharmacists to deliver quality diabetes care. Methods. A search on randomised controlled trials (RCT) on diabetes management by healthcare professionals including pharmacists published between 2010 and 2015 was conducted. Results and Discussion. Diabetes management includes multifactorial intervention which includes seven factors as outlined in diabetes guidelines, namely, glycaemic, cholesterol and blood pressure control, medication, lifestyle, education, and cardiovascular risk factors. Most studies do not provide evidence that the intervention methods used included all seven factors with exception of three RCT which indicated HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) reduction range of 0.5% to 1.8%. The varied HbA1C reduction suggests a lack of standardised and consistent approach to diabetes care. Furthermore, the duration of most studies was from one month to two years; therefore long term outcomes could not be established. Conclusion. Although pharmacists' contribution towards improving clinical outcomes of diabetes patients was well documented, the methods used to deliver structured, consistent evidence-based care were not clearly stipulated. Therefore, approaches to achieving long term continuity of care are uncertain. An intervention strategy that encompass all seven evidence-based factors will be useful.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy*
  10. Citation: A Practical Guide for the Pharmacological Management of T2DM Patients Across the Cardiovascular Risk Continuum. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Endocrine and Metabolic Society; 2019
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
  11. Kalra S, Bajaj S, Sharma SK, Priya G, Baruah MP, Sanyal D, et al.
    Diabetes Ther, 2020 Mar;11(3):585-606.
    PMID: 31981212 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-020-00764-7
    AIM: To develop an evidence-based expert group opinion on the role of insulin motivation to overcome insulin distress during different stages of insulin therapy and to propose a practitioner's toolkit for insulin motivation in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM).

    BACKGROUND: Insulin distress, an emotional response of the patient to the suggested use of insulin, acts as a major barrier to insulin therapy in the management of DM. Addressing patient-, physician- and drug-related factors is important to overcome insulin distress. Strengthening of communication between physicians and patients with diabetes and enhancing the patients' coping skills are prerequisites to create a sense of comfort with the use of insulin. Insulin motivation is key to achieving targeted goals in diabetes care. A group of endocrinologists came together at an international meeting held in India to develop tool kits that would aid a practitioner in implementing insulin motivation strategies at different stages of the journey through insulin therapy, including pre-initiation, initiation, titration and intensification. During the meeting, emphasis was placed on the challenges and limitations faced by both physicians and patients with diabetes during each stage of the journey through insulinization.

    REVIEW RESULTS: After review of evidence and discussions, the expert group provided recommendations on strategies for improved insulin acceptance, empowering behavior change in patients with DM, approaches for motivating patients to initiate and maintain insulin therapy and best practices for insulin motivation at the pre-initiation, initiation, titration and intensification stages of insulin therapy.

    CONCLUSIONS: In the management of DM, bringing in positive behavioral change by motivating the patient to improve treatment adherence helps overcome insulin distress and achieve treatment goals.

    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus
  12. Mohamed M, Winn T, Rampal GL, Abdul Rashid A, Mustaffa B
    Malays J Med Sci, 2005 Jan;12(1):20-5.
    PMID: 22605943
    Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the number one cause of death since the last three decades in Malaysia and diabetes mellitus and hypertension are considered as major risk factors. A study to reduce risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in the community (PIKOM) through education and lifestyle changes was undertaken. The study population was from four different areas in Peninsular Malaysia - Kota Bharu and Bachok in Kelantan ; Raub in Pahang; Gunung Besout in Perak and Felda Palong in Negri Sembilan. The subjects invited to participate in this study ware aged between 30 - 65 years, did not have any debilitating illnesses and no known history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension or cardiovascular disease. Subjects were asked to come to the local clinic in a fasting state and after physical examination, blood was taken for plasma glucose and lipids. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was then performed. A total of 4,121 subjects participated in the study. The proportion of subjects with diabetes mellitus was highest in Felda Palong area (20.3%) and lowest in Raub area (7.1%). The proportion of subjects with hypertension was also highest in Felda Palong area (38.6%) and lowest in Raub area (29.1%). This could be attributable to the subjects in Felda Palong having the highest mean Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR). There were significant associations between diabetes and hypertension with age and obesity. Subjects with diabetes mellitus and hypertension also had the highest mean age, BMI, WHR and plasma cholesterol.In conclusion, the proportion of patients with risk factors for CVD was high and intervention studies through education and lifestyle changes were being carried out to see their effectiveness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus
  13. Al-Fakih AM, Algamal ZY, Lee MH, Aziz M, Ali HTM
    SAR QSAR Environ Res, 2019 Jun;30(6):403-416.
    PMID: 31122062 DOI: 10.1080/1062936X.2019.1607899
    Time-varying binary gravitational search algorithm (TVBGSA) is proposed for predicting antidiabetic activity of 134 dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors. To improve the performance of the binary gravitational search algorithm (BGSA) method, we propose a dynamic time-varying transfer function. A new control parameter,
    μ
    , is added in the original transfer function as a time-varying variable. The TVBGSA-based model was internally and externally validated based on

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    , Y-randomization test, and applicability domain evaluation. The validation results indicate that the proposed TVBGSA model is robust and not due to chance correlation. The descriptor selection and prediction performance of TVBGSA outperform BGSA method. TVBGSA shows higher

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    compared to obtained results by BGSA, indicating the best prediction performance of the proposed TVBGSA model. The results clearly reveal that the proposed TVBGSA method is useful for constructing reliable and robust QSARs for predicting antidiabetic activity of DPP-IV inhibitors prior to designing and experimental synthesizing of new DPP-IV inhibitors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
  14. Yew YW, Lai YC, Chan R
    Ann Acad Med Singap, 2016 Nov;45(11):516-519.
    PMID: 27922146
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology
  15. Pasupuleti VR, Arigela CS, Gan SH, Salam SKN, Krishnan KT, Rahman NA, et al.
    Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2020;2020:8878172.
    PMID: 33299532 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8878172
    Despite the availability of various antidiabetic drugs, diabetes mellitus (DM) remains one of the world's most prevalent chronic diseases and is a global burden. Hyperglycaemia, a characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), substantially leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), triggering oxidative stress as well as numerous cellular and molecular modifications such as mitochondrial dysfunction affecting normal physiological functions in the body. In mitochondrial-mediated processes, oxidative pathways play an important role, although the responsible molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The impaired mitochondrial function is evidenced by insulin insensitivity in various cell types. In addition, the roles of master antioxidant pathway nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/antioxidant response elements (ARE) are being deciphered to explain various molecular pathways involved in diabetes. Dietary factors are known to influence diabetes, and many natural dietary factors have been studied to improve diabetes. Honey is primarily rich in carbohydrates and is also abundant in flavonoids and phenolic acids; thus, it is a promising therapeutic antioxidant for various disorders. Various research has indicated that honey has strong wound-healing properties and has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antiviral effects; thus, it is a promising antidiabetic agent. The potential antidiabetic mechanisms of honey were proposed based on its major constituents. This review focuses on the various prospects of using honey as an antidiabetic agent and the potential insights.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
  16. Ramli NZ, Chin KY, Zarkasi KA, Ahmad F
    Nutrients, 2018 Aug 02;10(8).
    PMID: 30072671 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081009
    Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of diseases comprising of obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. There are numerous pre-clinical as well as human studies reporting the protective effects of honey against MetS. Honey is a nutritional food low in glycemic index. Honey intake reduces blood sugar levels and prevents excessive weight gain. It also improves lipid metabolism by reducing total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which leads to decreased risk of atherogenesis. In addition, honey enhances insulin sensitivity that further stabilizes blood glucose levels and protects the pancreas from overstimulation brought on by insulin resistance. Furthermore, antioxidative properties of honey help in reducing oxidative stress, which is one of the central mechanisms in MetS. Lastly, honey protects the vasculature from endothelial dysfunction and remodelling. Therefore, there is a strong potential for honey supplementation to be integrated into the management of MetS, both as preventive as well as adjunct therapeutic agents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus/blood; Diabetes Mellitus/etiology; Diabetes Mellitus/prevention & control
  17. Asma A, Azmi MN, Mazita A, Marina MB, Salina H, Norlaila M
    PMID: 22468245 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-011-0132-y
    Neuropathy is frequently a late complication of diabetes mellitus. Auditory neuropathy and microangiopathy of inner ear are the possible causes of hearing loss in diabetics. To study the correlation between glycaemic control and hearing threshold in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to determine the differences of hearing threshold between groups treated with different modality. This single blind randomized controlled study was performed at the Department of Medicine and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) between 1st May 2003 and 31st September 2004. This study was approved by Research Ethics Committee (code number FF-137). Subjects were randomized into two groups. Group 1 were patients treated with conventional oral hypoglycemic agents. The patients in group 2 were those treated with insulin injection. The subjects were seen 4 weekly for 3 months. Audiometric test were performed in all subjects at each visit. Blood were taken for fasting blood glucose, Hb1Ac, and fructosamine at every visit to determine the glycaemic controls of the subject. They were 11 patients (22 ears) treated with oral hypoglycemic agents and 17 patients treated (34 ears) with subcutaneous insulin. There is no significant difference between mean pure tone threshold before and after treatment at all frequencies in both groups. There is also no significance different in fasting glucose level and fructosamine. However, there is significant difference HbA1c levels between the two groups after treatment (P 
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
  18. Ganasegeran K, Hor CP, Jamil MFA, Loh HC, Noor JM, Hamid NA, et al.
    PMID: 32784771 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165723
    Diabetes causes significant disabilities, reduced quality of life and mortality that imposes huge economic burden on societies and governments worldwide. Malaysia suffers a high diabetes burden in Asia, but the magnitude of healthcare expenditures documented to aid national health policy decision-making is limited. This systematic review aimed to document the economic burden of diabetes in Malaysia, and identify the factors associated with cost burden and the methods used to evaluate costs. Studies conducted between 2000 and 2019 were retrieved using three international databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE) and one local database (MyCite), as well as manual searches. Peer reviewed research articles in English and Malay on economic evaluations of adult type 2 diabetes conducted in Malaysia were included. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020151857), reported according to PRISMA and used a quality checklist adapted for cost of illness studies. Data were extracted using a data extraction sheet that included study characteristics, total costs, different costing methods and a scoring system to assess the quality of studies reviewed. The review identified twelve eligible studies that conducted cost evaluations of type 2 diabetes in Malaysia. Variation exists in the costs and methods used in these studies. For direct costs, four studies evaluated costs related to complications and drugs, and two studies were related to outpatient and inpatient costs each. Indirect and intangible costs were estimated in one study. Four studies estimated capital and recurrent costs. The estimated total annual cost of diabetes in Malaysia was approximately USD 600 million. Age, type of hospitals or health provider, length of inpatient stay and frequency of outpatient visits were significantly associated with costs. The most frequent epidemiological approach employed was prevalence-based (n = 10), while cost analysis was the most common costing approach used. The current review offers the first documented evidence on cost estimates of diabetes in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/economics*; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/psychology
  19. Loncin H
    Med J Malaya, 1965 Jun;19(4):321-3.
    PMID: 4220862
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology*
  20. Chan CH, Ngoh GC, Yusoff R
    Pharmacogn Rev, 2012 Jan;6(11):22-8.
    PMID: 22654401 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.95854
    A study has been conducted with the aim to provide researchers with general information on anti diabetic extracts based on relevant research articles collected from 34 reliable medical journals. The study showed that Asian and African continents have 56% and 17% share of the worldwide distribution of therapeutic herbal plants, respectively. In Asia, India and China are the leading countries in herbal plants research, and there has been an increase in medicinal research on plants extract for diabetes treatment since 1995 in these regions. The information collected shows that plant leaves are about 20% more favorable for storing active ingredients, as compared to other parts of herbal plants. A brief review on the extraction techniques for the mentioned parts is also included. Furthermore, the acting mechanisms for the anti diabetic activity were described, and the related active ingredients were identified. The findings reveal that most of the anti diabetic research is focused on the alteration of glucose metabolism to prevent diabetes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus
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