Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 55 in total

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  1. Fulltext Two years review of cutaneous adverse drug reaction from first line anti-tuberculous drugs
    Tan WC, Ong CK, Kang SC, Razak MA
    Med J Malaysia, 2007 Jun;62(2):143-6.
    PMID: 18705448 MyJurnal
    First line Anti-TB therapy with rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol/streptomycin is very effective. However, major adverse reactions to antituberculous drugs can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Cutaneous adverse drug reaction (CADR) is one of the commonly observed major adverse events. This retrospective study looked at the cases of TB treated in Respiratory Unit, Penang Hospital from January 2004 to December 2005. Of 820 patients treated for active TB, 47 patients (25 females; 22 males) developed CADR (5.7%). CADRs observed include morbiliform rash (72.3%), erythema multiforme syndrome (8.5%), urticaria (8.5%) and others (which include exfoliative dermatitis and lichenoid eruption). Ninety-seven percent of events occurred within two months after the initial dose. Incidence rate of CADR among the first line anti-TB drugs, pyrazinamide was the commonest offending drug (2.38%), followed by streptomycin (1.45%), ethambutol (1.44%), rifampicin (1.23%) and isoniazid (0.98%). Various clinical characteristics of patients with CADR identified include Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection (27.7%), polypharmacy (21.3%), elderly (19.1%), autoimmune disorders (6.4%), pre-existing renal impairment (4.3%), pre-existing liver disorders (4.3%). In conclusion, CADR is common and majority of cases occurred within two months after initiation of anti-TB treatment, particularly in HIV infected patients. Pyrazinamide is the commonest offending drug.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema/chemically induced
  2. Fulltext Toe-tourniquet syndrome: A rare potentially devastating entity
    Baloch N, Atif M, Rashid RH, Hashmi PM
    Malays Orthop J, 2015 Nov;9(3):55-57.
    PMID: 28611912 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1511.008
    Toe-tourniquet syndrome is a rare and commonly misdiagnosed condition caused by a hair or a fiber wrapped around digits (fingers and toes). A four months baby girl who was crying and presented with redness and swelling at her 2nd and 3rd toes of right foot. Child had red and swollen 2nd and 3rd toes of right foot with hair end protruding through wounds. Constricting hairs were cut and removed. Toetourniquet syndrome is a rare entity which is caused by hair wrapped around a toe or a digit. Diagnosis is mostly clinical. In order to prevent this condition to happen, education of parents and clinicians is a cornerstone.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema
  3. Fulltext The use of durable barrier cream in preventing pressure ulcer
    Mazlinda, M., Ayu Sulaini, J., Suriawati, G., Mardiana, M., Zahri, M.K.
    The Malaysian Journal of Nursing, 2018;9(3):13-17.
    MyJurnal
    A pressure ulcer is a common health problem, particularly among the physically limited or bedridden individuals. The most vulnerable group to suffer this condition is the elderly. The prevalence of Geriatric inpatient with pressure ulcer stage I, II, III or even IV for a month was 35.5% of the total admission. The understanding of recovery process, prevention remains the best management strategy as it improves their quality of life. This study aims to compare PU development outcomes in geriatric patients nursed on either using the Durable barrier cream (Cavillon cream) or non-pharmacological intervention alone. Using the Quasi experimental study-design, the selected participants were subjected to Cavaillon cream as well as the intervention. The assessment used were the outcome of the pressure ulcer was assessed using the measured size of the redness area. There was the statistically significant reduction in pressure ulcer size on day three compared to the size on day one among the intervention group, z value was -5.028, p
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema
  4. The past, present, and prospective on UV-VIS-NIR skin photonics and spectroscopy-a wavelength guide
    Poh AH, Adikan FRM, Moghavvemi M
    Med Biol Eng Comput, 2020 Jun;58(6):1159-1175.
    PMID: 32319030 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-019-02077-9
    The study and applications of in vivo skin optics have been openly documented as early as the year 1954, or possibly earlier. To date, challenges in analyzing the complexities of this field remain, with wide scopes requiring more scrutiny. Recent advances in spectroscopic research and multivariate analytics allow a closer look into applications potentially for detecting or monitoring diseases. One of the challenges in this field is in establishing a reference for applications which correspond to certain bandwidths. This article reviews the scope on past research on skin spectroscopy, and the clinical aspects which have or may have applications on disease detection or enhancing diagnostics. A summary is supplied on the technicalities surrounding the measurements reported in literature, focused towards the wavelength-dependent applications in themes central to the respective research. Analytics on the topology of the papers' data cited in this work is also provided for a statistical perspective. In short, this paper strives to immediately inform the reader with possible applications via the spectroscopic devices at hand. Graphical Abstract .
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema/pathology
  5. The histology of erythema nodosum leprosum. Variant forms in New Guineans and other ethnic groups
    Ridley DS, Rea TH, McAdam KP
    Lepr Rev, 1981 Mar;52(1):65-78.
    PMID: 7242219
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema Nodosum/pathology*
  6. Fulltext The effect of Atmospheric Cold Plasma (ACP) treatment on colour, water activity, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of mango flour noodles during storage
    Abidin, N.S.A., Rukunudin, I.H., Zaaba, S.K., Wan Omar, W.A.
    International Food Research Journal, 2018;25(4):1444-1449.
    MyJurnal
    This work aimed to evaluate the effect of Atmospheric Cold Plasma (ACP) on the quality of mango flour noodles (NMF). ACP treatment of 5 minutes duration on the surface of the noodles strands were performed and evaluated during three days of storage by monitoring parameters related to colour, water activity, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content. The lightness value (L*) was higher for untreated samples (NMF (U)) than for treated samples (NMF (T)), while a greater increased in the redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) values were observed for the NMF (T). The changes in aw, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) were negligible. However the NMF (T) showed significant different (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema
  7. Systemic lupus erythematosus in a malay boy
    Wan Mohamad WM, Mohd Ashari NS, Wan AbHamid WZ
    International Medical Journal (Tokyo), 2017;24(3):295-296.
    Objective: We presented a case report, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a Malay boy. Interestingly, this case occurs in a boy, which is not so common because autoimmune disease usually occurs in female. Design: Case report. Methods: We highlighted a case of a boy with SLE who presented with clinical symptoms suggestive of SLE and fulfilled the criteria for SLE diagnosis. Results: The patient was successfully managed with antihypertensive, intravenous cyclophosphamide and oral prednisolone and respond well to the therapy. Conclusion: Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease which rarely occurs in male. However we reported one such case which fulfilled the criteria for SLE. © 2017 Japan Health Sciences University & Japan International Cultural Exchange Foundation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic*
  8. Smallpox vaccination: complications and present role
    Balasundram R
    Med J Malaya, 1972 Dec;27(2):89-94.
    PMID: 4145716
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema/etiology
  9. Fulltext Skin Color Preferences in a Malaysian Chinese Population
    Tan KW, Stephen ID
    Front Psychol, 2019;10:1352.
    PMID: 31275195 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01352
    Facial skin color influences the perceived health and attractiveness of Caucasian faces, and has been proposed as a valid cue to aspects of physiological health. Similar preferences for skin color have previously been found in African participants, while different preferences have been found among mainland Chinese participants. Here, we asked Malaysian Chinese participants (ethnic Chinese living in an Asian country with high levels of exposure to Western culture) to manipulate the skin color of Malaysian Chinese, Caucasian, and African faces to make them "look as healthy as possible." Participants chose to increase skin yellowness to a greater extent than to increase skin redness to optimize healthy appearance. The slight reduction in skin lightness chosen was not statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons. While broadly in line with the preferences of Caucasian and African participants from previous studies, this differs from mainland Chinese participants. There may be a role for culture in skin color preferences, though methodological differences mean that further research is necessary to identify the cause of these differences in preferences.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema
  10. Fulltext Scales on the scalp
    Adawiyah J, Leelavathi M
    Malays Fam Physician, 2013;8(1):48-49.
    PMID: 25606270 MyJurnal
    A five-year-old boy presented with a six-week history of scales, flaking and crusting of the scalp. He had mild pruritus but no pain. He did not have a history of atopy and there were no pets at home. Examination of the scalp showed thick, yellowish dry crusts on the vertex and parietal areas and the hair was adhered to the scalp in clumps. There was non-scarring alopecia and mild erythema. There was no cervical or occipital lymphadenopathy. The patient’s nails and skin in other parts of the body were normal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema
  11. Fulltext Risk factors of peripheral venous catheterization thrombophlebitis
    Yoong, Wilkinson Jian Tan, Jo Wearn Yeap, Sharifah Sulaiha Syed Aznal
    International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2012;6(1):24-30.
    MyJurnal
    Background: Peripheral venous catheterisation is indispensable in modern practise of medicine. The indications of venous access should be weighed against the risk of complications, the commonest being thrombophlebitis. Thrombophlebitis causes patient discomfort and the need for new catheter insertion and risk of developing further widespread infections. Methodology: This observational study was conducted on adult patients admitted to the surgical and medical ward of a tertiary hospital in Negeri Sembilan Malaysia in 2011. Four researchers visited patients daily and examined for signs of thrombophlebitis; warmth, erythema, swelling, tenderness or a palpable venous cord. Risks factors that were studied in this research were patient/s age and gender, duration of catheterization, use of catheter for infusion, size of catheter, site of catheter insertion and types of infusate. Thrombophlebitis was graded using a scale adapted from Bhandari et al. (1979). Results: In total, 428 patients were recruited with an incidence rate of thrombophlebitis of 35.2%. Among those who developed thrombophlebitis, 65% had mild thrombophlebitis, 19% moderate and 8% severe thrombophlebitis. Results showed that female patients had a significant increased risk of developing thrombophlebitis. Also risk increased significantly with increased duration of catheterization and usage of the catheter for infusion. The age of a patient, types of infusate use, size of catheter and site of catheter insertion did not significantly influence the development of thrombophlebitis. Conclusion: The study showed that risk of developing thrombophlebitis is significantly increased among female patients, and also with increased duration of catheterization and use of the peripheral venous catheter for infusion. We recommended elective replacement of catheter every 72 hours and daily examination of catheters for signs of thrombophlebitis by a healthcare personnel.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema
  12. Fulltext Reported Adverse Drug Reactions in Infants: A Nationwide Analysis in Malaysia
    Rosli R, Dali AF, Aziz NA, Ming LC, Manan MM
    Front Pharmacol, 2017;8:30.
    PMID: 28239351 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00030
    Spontaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reporting is a useful source of drug safety information in infants as only adult patients are routinely tested in clinical trials. This study was aimed to evaluate the spontaneously reported ADRs using WHO Adverse Reaction Terminology and to identify the common drugs associated with ADRs in children under 2 years of age. A retrospective analysis of ADR data for children below 2 years old from 2000 to 2013 was conducted using the data extracted from Malaysia's national pharmacovigilance database, QUEST2 System. From 2000 to 2013, Malaysia's National Pharmaceutical Control Bureau received a total of 11,932 reports for children from various healthcare facilities in Malaysia. 14.0% (n = 1667) of the ADRs reported for those children were related to children under 2 years old. The data retrieved was analyzed in terms of age, gender, source of reporting, type of reporters, suspected medicines and characteristics of ADRs (category, onset, severity, and outcomes). A total of 1312 ADRs reported in 907 ADR reports were analyzed. The most common ADRs reported were skin appendage disorders (60.1%), and the most frequently reported symptoms were rash (n = 215), maculopapular rash (n = 206), urticaria (n = 169), erythematous rash (n = 76), and pruritus (n = 58). In general, drugs from antibacterials for systemic use (58.8%) appeared to be the most common contributors to ADRs in children below 2 years old. Penicillins and other β-Lactam Antibacterials accounted for more than 40% of all drugs implicated in ADRs. The majority of ADRs were subacute reactions that occurred within 24 h of exposure to the drug. A high proportion of ADRs was classified as mild, and most victims had no sequela. Only one fatality was seen. There were 10 cases for each symptom, namely erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, observed in this study. A large proportion of ADRs in children under 2 years old were mainly caused by drugs from antibacterial for systemic use, with most of the ADRs manifesting in skin reactions. This study also reveals rare cutaneous ADRs experienced by Malaysian children under the age of 2, which constitutes a crucial cause of harm among children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema Multiforme
  13. Fulltext Reactive arthritis in tuberculosis: A case of Poncet's disease
    Irmi Z, Zaiton A, Faezah H
    Malays Fam Physician, 2013;8(1):24-7.
    PMID: 25606264 MyJurnal
    Reactive arthritis and erythema are uncommon presentations of tuberculosis (TB). Reactive arthritis in tuberculosis (TB) is known as Poncet's disease, a rare aseptic form of arthritis observed in patients with active TB. We report a case of Poncet's disease in a 20-year old man whose reactive arthritis overshadowed other clinical symptoms of TB resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Although a conclusive diagnosis of Poncet's disease is not possible, reactive immunologic reactions such as reactive arthritis and erythema nodosum even without respiratory symptoms should raise suspicion on possible TB. Thus, taking a thorough medical history as well as performing relevant examinations and investigations for possible TB will help expedite the diagnostic process.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema; Erythema Nodosum
  14. Quality of life in patients with erythema nodosum leprosum in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Yap FB, Kiung ST, Yap JB
    Indian Dermatol Online J, 2016 Jul-Aug;7(4):255-8.
    PMID: 27559497 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5178.185495
    There is a paucity of data on quality of life issues in patients with leprosy suffering from erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL). Thus, we aim to study the effect of ENL on quality of life.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema Nodosum
  15. Polymorphisms in P53 and VEGFA genes in different subtypes of periorbital hyperpigmentation in a Malaysian Chinese population
    Amini F, Thazin Oo NM, Okechukwu PN, Seghayat MS, Ng ESC
    Australas J Dermatol, 2019 May;60(2):e99-e104.
    PMID: 30215845 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12918
    BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The unknown pathogenesis of periorbital hyperpigmentation makes its treatment difficult. Existing evidence links p53 and VEGFA genes with skin hyperpigmentation. This study was aimed at (i) identifying the clinical pattern of periorbital hyperpigmentation; and (ii) detecting the presence of VEGFA and P53 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in different subtypes of periorbital hyperpigmentation in Malaysian Chinese.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Malaysian Chinese. Clinical assessments were performed, and medical history was collected. Three regions of p53 and two of VEGFA were amplified by PCR followed by direct sequencing using saliva-extracted DNA.

    RESULTS: Eighty-four participants were recruited (average age 22.2 years). In the majority (n = 62), both eyelids were affected. Facial pigmentary, demarcation lines, tear trough and eye bags were not observed. Mixed (pigmented-vascular) was the most common subtype. Thirteen SNPs were found, nine of which are new. Only three out of 13 SNPs showed significant association with periorbital hyperpigmentation presentation. TA genotype in rs1437756379 (p53) was significantly more prevalent among participants with mixed subtype (P = 0.011) while AC genotype in rs1377053612 (VEGFA) was significantly more prevalent among pigmented subtype (P = 0.028). AA genotype in rs1479430148 (VEGFA) was significantly associated with allergic rhinitis in mixed subtype (P = 0.012).

    CONCLUSION: Mixed subtype was the most prevalent type of periorbital hyperpigmentation in the study population. Three polymorphisms in p53 and VEGFA genes were statistically linked with different clinical presentations of periorbital hyperpigmentation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema/pathology
  16. Phytohaemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation in leprosy
    Nelson DS, Nelson M, Thurston JM, Waters MF, Pearson JM
    Clin Exp Immunol, 1971 Jul;9(1):33-43.
    PMID: 5559093
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema Nodosum/immunology
  17. Fulltext Parvovirus Infection and Congenital Leukemia: Is it a causal or casual?
    Dasrilsyah RA, Ahmad S, Tan GC, Lim PS
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(1):123-126.
    MyJurnal
    Congenital leukemia is an extremely rare disease but frequently fatal. We report a case of intrauterine death (IUD) secondary to congenital erythroid leukaemia associated with maternal Parvovirus B19 infection. Further research is needed to ascertain the association between maternal Parvovirus B19 infection and congenital leukemia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema Infectiosum
  18. Fulltext Parvovirus B19 associated haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytisis in hereditary spherocytosis patient: a case report
    Cheong, CS, Gan, GG, Chen, TM, Lim, CC, Nadarajan, VS, Bee, PC
    JUMMEC, 2016;19(2):12-16.
    MyJurnal
    Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a clinico-pathologic entity caused by increased proliferation
    and activation of benign macrophages with haemophagocytosis throughout the reticulo-endothelial system.
    Virus-associated HLH is a well-recognised entity. Although majority of parvovirus B19 associated HLH does not
    require any specific treatment and carries good prognosis, outcome of children is worse than adults. We report
    here a case of HLH associated with acute parvovirus B19 infection in a young healthy patient with underlying
    hereditary spherocytosis, with bone marrow findings typical of parvovirus infection. Although this patient
    had spontaneous recovery of cell counts, he succumbed due to complication from prolonged ventilation.
    Unexpectedly, his immunoglobulin levels were inappropriately normal despite on-going ventilator associated
    pneumonia, which reflects inadequate humoral immune response towards infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema Infectiosum
  19. Fulltext Optimization of process condition for extraction of gelatin from red tilapia skin (Oreochromis niloticus) by High Pressure Processing (HPP)
    Yusof, N., Jaswir, I., Jamal, P., Jami, M.S., Octavianti, F.
    International Food Research Journal, 2017;24(101):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Extraction of gelatin using traditional acid-base pretreatment method has several limitations
    such as time consuming and causes serious water pollution. Chemical treatment often being used
    as an alternative process to overcome the weaknesses of the conventional method. However,
    excessive chemical elements would damage the structure of the gelatin due to its high sensitivity
    to the acid content. High Pressure Processing (HPP) is a novel and environmental friendly
    method that has been suggested to assist gelatin extraction. Pressurization during pretreatment
    could reduce the extraction time and amount of acid used. It also has a potential in enhancing the
    properties of the gelatin extract and increasing the gelatin yield. In this research, One-Factor-
    at-Time (OFAT) and optimization study were done to determine the optimum parameters for
    extraction of gelatin assisted by HPP from red tilapia skin. Four parameters; applied pressure,
    pressure holding time, ratio of acid to skin and extraction time have been selected for the OFAT
    design and concentration of the gelatin extract and percentage of yield gelatin were evaluated.
    From OFAT, optimum technical parameters for response surface optimization design were 250
    MPa pressure, 7.5 ml of acid to 1 g of skin and 12 hours extraction time. Pressure holding
    time was fixed for 10 min. FCCCD has been used for optimization study. Results from the
    data shows that the optimum conditions for gelatin extraction from red tilapia skin were 250
    MPa for pressure, 10 min of pressure holding time, 7.5 ml of acid for 1 g of skin and 12 hours
    of extraction time while the maximum concentration and yield were 19.51 mg/ml and 32.04%
    (320.4 mg/g), respectively. These findings proved that HPP could increase the concentration
    and the yield of the gelatin while reducing the chemical waste and shortening the extraction
    process.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema
  20. Fulltext Occupational and Environmental Risk Factors Influencing the Inducement of Erythema among Nigerian Laboratory University Workers with Multiple Chemical Exposures
    Reuben U, Ismail AF, Ahmad AL, Maina HM, Daud A
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2019 04 13;16(8).
    PMID: 31013942 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16081334
    : The chemicals from laboratories pose a significant risk forinducing erythema, an abnormal redness of the skin, as a result of poor occupational and environmental factors that promote hypersensitivity to a chemical agent. The aim of this present study was to determine the occupational and environmental risk factors influencing the inducement of erythema in laboratory workers due to exposure to chemicals. This was a cross-sectional study on a population-based sample of Nigerian university laboratory workers. Data were collected using the erythema index meter and an indoor air control meter. The study included 287 laboratory workers. The laboratory workers who properly used personal protective equipment (PPE) were 60% less likely to have induced erythema (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.40; 95% confidence interval CI: 0.22-0.77; probability value p = 0.011). The chemical mixture exceeding the permissible exposure limit (PEL) was found to have a small effect in inducing the erythema (AOR = 4.22; 95%CI: 2.88-12.11; p = 0.004). Most of the sampled laboratories where the respondents worked had unsuitable temperatures (AOR = 8.21; 95% CI: 4.03-15.01; p = 0.001). Erythema was more frequently found in the respondents who spent 4-5h in the laboratory (AOR = 3.11; 95%CI: 1.77-9.23; p = 0.001). However, high levels of ventilation reduce the likelihood of erythema in a laboratory by 82% (0.18). Multiple logistic regressions revealed that PPE, PEL, exposure time, temperature, and ventilation were the probable predictive factors associated with the inducement of erythema. Providing better educational knowledge and improving the attitude towards hazards and safety in a laboratory would lead to reduced rates of new cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Erythema/chemically induced*
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