Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 1134 in total

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  1. Fulltext "I can't stop worrying about everything"—experiences of rural Bangladeshi women during the first postpartum months
    Edhborg M, Nasreen HE, Kabir ZN
    Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being, 2015;10:26226.
    PMID: 25595913 DOI: 10.3402/qhw.v10.26226
    Over recent years, researchers have found evidence which indicates that the prevalence of postpartum depressive symptoms crosses cultural boundaries and is reported to be at least as high in non-Western countries as in Western countries. However, qualitative studies about new mothers' experiences from non-Western countries, such as Bangladesh, are rare, particularly in rural areas. This study aims to describe the experiences and concerns of rural Bangladeshi mothers with postpartum depressive symptoms. Open narrative interviews were conducted with 21 mothers with depressive symptoms 2-3 months postpartum, consecutively selected from a longitudinal study about prevalence and risk factors of perinatal depressive symptoms. Inductive content analysis was used to analyse data and three themes emerged: family dynamics, living at the limits of survival, and role of the cultural context after childbirth. These themes were based on six categories and 15 subcategories. The findings show that troublesome family relationships, including intimate partner violence and violence in the family, influenced the mothers' mental well-being. They and their families lived at the limit of survival and the mothers expressed fear and worries about their insecure situation regarding economic difficulties and health problems. They felt sorry for being unable to give their infants a good start in life and sad because they could not always follow the traditional norms related to childbirth. Thus, it is important to focus on the depressive symptoms among new mothers and offer counselling to those showing depressive symptoms, as the cultural traditions do not always alleviate these symptoms in the changing Bangladeshi society today.
    Matched MeSH terms: Family*
  2. 1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate inhibits NLRP3-dependent inflammasome activation via mitochondrial ROS suppression
    Sok SPM, Ori D, Wada A, Okude H, Kawasaki T, Momota M, et al.
    Int Immunol, 2021 06 18;33(7):373-386.
    PMID: 33830232 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxab016
    The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing (NLRP) 3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that triggers Caspase-1-mediated IL-1β production and pyroptosis, and its dysregulation is associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. 1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) is a natural compound in the rhizome of tropical ginger Alpinia species with anti-microbial, anti-allergic and anti-cancer properties. In this study, we found that ACA suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and human THP-1 monocytes. ACA inhibited Caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production by NLRP3 agonists such as nigericin, monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, and ATP. Moreover, it suppressed oligomerization of the adapter molecule, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and Caspase-1-mediated cleavage of pyroptosis executor Gasdermin D. Mechanistically, ACA inhibited generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevented release of oxidized mitochondrial DNA, which trigger NLRP3 inflammasome activation. ACA also prevented NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vivo, as evidenced in the MSU crystal-induced peritonitis and dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis mouse models accompanied by decreased Caspase-1 activation. Thus, ACA is a potent inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome for prevention of NLRP3-associated inflammatory diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/metabolism*
  3. 1980 ASEAN programme roundup: a model in the making
    Asian Pac Popul Programme News, 1981;10(1-2):25-8.
    PMID: 12312016
    Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services
  4. 2020 Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Consensus Recommendations on the Use of P2Y12 Receptor Antagonists in the Asia-Pacific Region
    Tan JW, Chew DP, Abdul Kader MAS, Ako J, Bahl VK, Chan M, et al.
    Eur Cardiol, 2021 Feb;16:e02.
    PMID: 33708263 DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2020.40
    The unique characteristics of patients with acute coronary syndrome in the Asia-Pacific region mean that international guidelines on the use of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) cannot be routinely applied to these populations. Newer generation P2Y12 inhibitors (i.e. ticagrelor and prasugrel) have demonstrated improved clinical outcomes compared with clopidogrel. However, low numbers of Asian patients participated in pivotal studies and few regional studies comparing DAPTs have been conducted. This article aims to summarise current evidence on the use of newer generation P2Y12 inhibitors in Asian patients with acute coronary syndrome and provide recommendations to assist clinicians, especially cardiologists, in selecting a DAPT regimen. Guidance is provided on the management of ischaemic and bleeding risks, including duration of therapy, switching strategies and the management of patients with ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation MI or those requiring surgery. In particular, the need for an individualised DAPT regimen and considerations relating to switching, de-escalating, stopping or continuing DAPT beyond 12 months are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Family Characteristics
  5. 75M Filipinos and still counting. But lack of direction hounds FP program
    Reprowatch, 1999 May;19(3-4):4.
    PMID: 12322208
    Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services
  6. Fulltext A Multi-Sensor Comparative Analysis on the Suitability of Generated DEM from Sentinel-1 SAR Interferometry Using Statistical and Hydrological Models
    Mohammadi A, Karimzadeh S, Jalal SJ, Kamran KV, Shahabi H, Homayouni S, et al.
    Sensors (Basel), 2020 Dec 16;20(24).
    PMID: 33339435 DOI: 10.3390/s20247214
    Digital elevation model (DEM) plays a vital role in hydrological modelling and environmental studies. Many essential layers can be extracted from this land surface information, including slope, aspect, rivers, and curvature. Therefore, DEM quality and accuracy will affect the extracted features and the whole process of modeling. Despite freely available DEMs from various sources, many researchers generate this information for their areas from various observations. Sentinal-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are among the best Earth observations for DEM generation thanks to their availabilities, high-resolution, and C-band sensitivity to surface structure. This paper presents a comparative study, from a hydrological point of view, on the quality and reliability of the DEMs generated from Sentinel-1 data and DEMs from other sources such as AIRSAR, ALOS-PALSAR, TanDEM-X, and SRTM. To this end, pair of Sentinel-1 data were acquired and processed using the SAR interferometry technique to produce a DEM for two different study areas of a part of the Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia, a part of Sanandaj, Iran. Based on the estimated linear regression and standard errors, generating DEM from Sentinel-1 did not yield promising results. The river streams for all DEMs were extracted using geospatial analysis tool in a geographic information system (GIS) environment. The results indicated that because of the higher spatial resolution (compared to SRTM and TanDEM-X), more stream orders were delineated from AIRSAR and Sentinel-1 DEMs. Due to the shorter perpendicular baseline, the phase decorrelation in the created DEM resulted in a lot of noise. At the same time, results from ground control points (GCPs) showed that the created DEM from Sentinel-1 is not promising. Therefore, other DEMs' performance, such as 90-meters' TanDEM-X and 30-meters' SRTM, are better than Sentinel-1 DEM (with a better spatial resolution).
    Matched MeSH terms: Family Characteristics
  7. Fulltext A Novel Occulta-Type Spina Bifida Mediated by Murine Double Heterozygotes EphA2 and EphA4 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
    Abdullah NL, Mohd-Zin SW, Ahmad-Annuar A, Abdul-Aziz NM
    Front Cell Dev Biol, 2017;5:105.
    PMID: 29312933 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00105
    Members of the Eph receptor tyrosine kinase have previously been implicated in cranial neural tube development. Failure of neural tube closure leads to the devastating conditions known as anencephaly and spina bifida. EphA2 and EphA4 are expressed at the tips of the closing spinal neural folds prior and during neural tube closure. We investigated the possible role of murine EphA2 and EphA4 during the last step of primary neural tube closure, which is adhesion and fusion. The individual mouse knockouts of EphA2 and EphA4 per se do not exhibit neural tube defects (NTDs). The embryos generated by the crossing of double heterozygotes Epha2tm1Jrui/+Epha4rb-2J/+ displayed NTDs with a wide degree of severity including close exencephaly and close spina bifida (spina bifida occulta). Interestingly, mutants displaying NTDs had skin covering the underlying lesion. The tissue sections revealed the elevated neural folds had not adhered and fused. The phenotypes seen in Epha2tm1Jrui/+Epha4rb-2J/+ double heterozygous embryos suggest both genes play a compensatory role with each other in the adhesion and fusion of the neural tube. In this study, there exists a >50% penetrance of NTDs in the mouse mutants, which genetically have a single allele each of EphA2 and EphA4 absent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Receptors, Eph Family
  8. Fulltext A Review of Primary Health Care in Malaysia. A Report for the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region
    Awin N
    Citation: Awin N. A Review of Primary Health Care in Malaysia. A Report for the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region. Manila: World Health Organization Western Pacific Region; 2001
    Matched MeSH terms: Family Health
  9. Fulltext A battered wife
    Woon TH, George S
    Med J Malaysia, 1980 Mar;34(3):281-4.
    PMID: 7412668
    A forty-four year old wife of an alcoholic husband with irregular employment sought repeated medical care for her headache, bodyache, chest pain and alleged falls at home. The family backgrounds of the battered wife and the violent husband, his alcoholism and their financial problems all contributed to the violence in marriage. Their six children had lived in fear and two of them had behaviour problems. Awareness of the multiple problems associated with a battered wife should prompt cooperation between medical, social and other workers involved in the management.

    Study site: medical outpatients clinic of
    T.H. Woon
    M.B., B.S., M.D., M.R.A.N.Z.C.P.
    Associate Professor and Head
    Department of Psychological Medicine
    Faculty of Medicine
    University of Malaya
    Kuala Lumpur, 22-11
    and
    Shirley George
    M.B., B.S., M.P.M.
    Psychiatrist
    Psychiatric Unit
    General Hospital, Seremban.
    Running Title:
    Battered wife - psychodynamics and social background of a
    Malaysian family - alcoholic husband - medical symptoms -
    multidisciplinary management.
    University Hospital to the psychiatric Walk- inClinic
    Matched MeSH terms: Family
  10. A case of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia
    Bee PC, Gan GG, Sangkar JV, Teh A, Goh KY
    Int J Hematol, 2004 May;79(4):358-60.
    PMID: 15218965
    We diagnosed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) with multiple cytogenetic abnormalities in a 17-year-old girl a year after she had received a diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML). After the diagnosis of APML in June 2001, the patient was treated with idarubicin and all-trans-retinoic acid. In September 1999, her younger sister also received a diagnosis of APML and to date has remained well. T-ALL after remission of APML is very rare, and only 1 such case has been reported. Possible causes include therapy-related reasons, genetic susceptibility to leukemia, and environmental exposure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Family Health
  11. Fulltext A case of rectal cancers in teenager: A conundrum of genetics and clinical medicine
    Kumar M, Tata MD, Sahid Nik Lah NA
    Ann Med Surg (Lond), 2021 May;65:102353.
    PMID: 34007446 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102353
    Introduction: Signet cell carcinoma (SRCC)of the rectum is a rare subtype of the rectum cancer which accounts for only 0.8% of colorectal cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) which spread aggressively to other organs and peritoneum.

    Case presentation: We present a case of 15-year-old boy from rural area, presented with chronic diarrhea and per rectal bleeding for 3 months. The diagnosis was determined by colonoscope which revealed a fungating mass identified at 10cm from anal verge. Histological examination confirmed diagnosis of signet ring cell adenocarcinoma. CT scan of the abdomen showed thickening involving the recto-sigmoid colon and rectal mass, without evidence of distant metastatic disease. The patient's carcinoembryonic antigen level was within the normal range. He underwent a colostomy and was subjected to neoadjuvant CCRT and surgery.

    Discussion: This CASE highlights the importance and challenges in achieving early diagnosis and surgical intervention of signet-ring cell carcinoma in adolescents, as most cases are detected at an advanced stage coupled with the scarcity of information on these rarer subtypes which leads to a poor prognosis.

    Conclusion: In managing Signet cell carcinoma of the colorectal, physician have to know that it has a poor prognosis in patients of any age. However, in young teenagers delayed diagnosis and treatment option are narrowed to palliative management. Genetic profiling of family members and similar environment population may be a key to early detection.

    Matched MeSH terms: Family
  12. Fulltext A case series of hereditary congenital cataract
    Nurul Faaiqah Jainuddin, Azlindarita Aisyah Mohd Abdullah, Visvaraja Subrayan, Norlina Ramli, Nurliza Khaliddin
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(2):336-338.
    MyJurnal
    Congenital cataract is a major cause of preventable blindness in children. It can be either hereditary or non-hereditary. In this case series, we present three cases of congenital cataract with a strong family history. The grandparents
    and parents of these patients had cataract diagnosed in late childhood whilst the patients in this case series were
    diagnosed with congenital cataract earlier. There was no history of consanguineous marriage in any of the families.
    These cases show that, in the presence of a strong family history, a child will present with congenital cataract earlier
    in their life. Hence, babies from such families should be screened at birth and at regular intervals within the first
    year of life to enable early diagnosis and subsequent surgical intervention to reduce the incidence and burden of
    amblyopia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Family
  13. A comparative study of Loestrin versus Nordette in Kelantan, West Malaysia
    Arshat H
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1984 Jun;2(1):25-31.
    PMID: 12267518
    Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services
  14. Fulltext A comparative study on family, social supports and mental health of rural and urban Malay women
    Mubarak AR
    Med J Malaysia, 1997 Sep;52(3):274-84.
    PMID: 10968098
    The present study aims to compare the family's social environment, social supports and mental health of Malay women from rural and urban areas. Equal number (n-184) of Malay women from similar socio-economic back grounds were chosen from the rural areas of Kedah and urban areas of Pulau Pinang using the stratified random sampling method. The results indicated significantly higher level of mental health problems among the rural respondents when compared with the urban subjects. Among the family related variables included in the present study, cohesiveness, moral religious emphasis and organization and intellectual and cultural orientation were found to be significantly associated with the mental health problems of rural respondents. Whereas, only one variable, namely, active recreational orientation was found to be having an impact on the mental health of urban respondents. Similarly, deficiencies in the social support perceived from family and other members of the community were found to be significantly associated with the mental health problems of rural samples when compared to the social support perceived from the others for the urban subjects. The implications of these observations are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Family*
  15. Fulltext A comparative study on the service profiles and practice facilities among urban general practices in east and west Malaysia
    Khoo EM
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Sep;55(3):341-6.
    PMID: 11200714
    1171 urban general practices in East and West Malaysia were compared regarding their service profiles and practice facilities. In general, practices in both parts put important emphasis on preventive health care. More practices in East Malaysia were providing hormone replacement therapy and sexually transmitted diseases services but less were providing intrapartum care, counselling services including sexual and marital counselling and problems associated with social deviance such as alcohol and drug abuse. Although most practices in East Malaysia were solo practices, they were more comprehensive in terms of the provision of practice facilities when compared to those in West Malaysia. A greater number of them had ultrasound facilities, peak flow meters, ECG machines, computers and blood biochemistry facilities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Family Practice*
  16. A comparison of Malaysian and Australian speech-language pathologists' practices with children with developmental disabilities who are pre-symbolic
    Joginder Singh S, Iacono T, Gray KM
    Int J Speech Lang Pathol, 2011 Oct;13(5):389-98.
    PMID: 21888557 DOI: 10.3109/17549507.2011.603429
    The aim of this study was to explore the assessment, intervention, and family-centred practices of Malaysian and Australian speech-language pathologists (SLPs) when working with children with developmental disabilities who are pre-symbolic. A questionnaire was developed for the study, which was completed by 65 SLPs from Malaysia and 157 SLPs from Australia. Data reduction techniques were used prior to comparison of responses across questionnaire items. Results indicated that SLPs relied mostly on informal assessments. Malaysian and Australian SLPs differed significantly in terms of obtaining information from outside the clinic to inform assessment. When providing intervention, SLPs focused mostly on improving children's pre-verbal skills. A third of Australian SLPs listed the introduction of some form of symbolic communication as an early intervention goal, compared to only a small percentage of Malaysian SLPs. Regarding family involvement, SLPs most often involved mothers, with fathers and siblings being involved to a lesser extent. Overall, it appeared that practices of Malaysian SLPs had been influenced by developments in research, although there were some areas of service delivery that continued to rely on traditional models. Factors leading to similarities and differences in practice of SLPs from both countries as well as clinical and research implications of the study are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Professional-Family Relations
  17. Fulltext A comparison technique of alpha and gamma spectrometry to measure 210Pb activity in marine sediment core
    Zal Uyun Wan Mahmood, Yii, Mei-Wo, Che Abd. Rahim Mohamed, Norfaizal Mohamed @ Mohamad, Abdul Kadir Ishak
    Jurnal Sains Nuklear Malaysia, 2013;25(2):61-67.
    MyJurnal
    The most commonly used techniques of alpha and gamma spectrometry were performed to measure
    210Pb activity in marine sediment core as a comparison. Alpha analytical technique measured the
    activity of 210Pb from it’s in-grow grand-daughter 210Po after a chemical separation, assuming
    radioactive equilibrium between the two radionuclides. Meanwhile, gamma analysis technique
    allows direct measurement, non-destructive and no preliminary chemical separation. Through the
    comparison, it is found that both alpha and gamma analysis techniques were slightly difference.
    Overall, the results from alpha analytical technique were basically higher than those from the
    gamma analytical techniques. Some logical argument had been discussed to explain this situation.
    In routine analysis, the analytical technique used should be chosen carefully based on advantages
    and disadvantages of the each technique and analysis requirements. Therefore, it is recommended to
    determine exactly the needs and purpose of analysis and to know the sample history before decide
    the appropriate analytical technique
    Matched MeSH terms: Nuclear Family
  18. A contingent valuation approach to evaluating willingness to pay for an improved water pollution management system in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
    Sehreen F, Masud MM, Akhtar R, Masum MRA
    Environ Monit Assess, 2019 Jun 22;191(7):457.
    PMID: 31230139 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7595-9
    The city of Dhaka has been ranked repeatedly as the most polluted, the most populous, and the most unbearable city in the world. More than 19.5 million inhabitants live in Dhaka, and the population growth rate of urban areas in Bangladesh is almost double that of rural areas. Rapid urbanization is one of the leading contributors to water pollution in Dhaka and could prevent the country from achieving sustainable development. Therefore, this study estimates respondents' willingness to pay (WTP) to improve water pollution management systems and identifies factors that influence WTP in Dhaka. This study employed the contingent valuation method (CVM) to estimate WTP of the respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with CVM questions, which was distributed to households in the study areas. The results revealed that 67% of the respondents are willing to pay for an improved water pollution management system, while 31.8% of households are unwilling to pay. The study also found that socio-economic factors (e.g., income and education) and perception significantly influence WTP. Therefore, this paper will provide directives for policymakers in developing an effective policy framework, as well as sensitize all stakeholders to the management of water pollution in Dhaka. The study suggests that social institutions, financial institutions, banks, non-government organizations (NGOs), insurance companies, and the government could provide effective outreach programs for water pollution management as part of their social responsibility.
    Matched MeSH terms: Family Characteristics
  19. A cross-sectional study of childhood injuries in Kedah, Malaysia
    Mohd Riji, H., Sopian, M.J., Pataki-Schweizer, K.J.
    Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2000;12(1):60-67.
    MyJurnal
    A community-based study of childhood injuries in Kedah was undertaken in January-March 1996. The aims were to determine the types and frequencies of injuries reported; to assess the association between injury and selected variables (age, sex, place, number of children in the family, presence of care-givers and treatment); and to recommend further research and policy for childhood injury prevention. A total of 448 injuries were recorded from 1089 children in 451 randomly selected households. The incidence was 411.4/1000. There appeared to be a decrease in risk of injury as the number of children per household increased. The effect of lower age on injury was significant (p>0.05). Male children were 1.5 times more likely to injure themselves than female children when data were controlled for number of children in the household. Falls accounted for 53.3% of all injuries sustained, and occurred more frequently when the child was with non-family members. Different injury categories were associated with different caregiver categories. It is concluded that child injury prevention programmes require more data on injury situations and collaborative efforts between clinical, health and and behavioural professionals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Family Characteristics
  20. Fulltext A day in the life of a medical practitioner
    Macaskill DC
    Malayan Medical Journal, 1935;10:54-6.
    Matched MeSH terms: Family Practice
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