Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 106 in total

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  1. Streptomyces kebangsaanensis sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from an ethnomedicinal plant, which produces phenazine-1-carboxylic acid
    Sarmin NIM, Tan GYA, Franco CMM, Edrada-Ebel R, Latip J, Zin NM
    Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2013 Oct;63(Pt 10):3733-3738.
    PMID: 23645019 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.047878-0
    A spore-forming streptomycete designated strain SUK12(T) was isolated from a Malaysian ethnomedicinal plant. Its taxonomic position, established using a polyphasic approach, indicates that it is a novel species of the genus Streptomyces. Morphological and chemical characteristics of the strain were consistent with those of members of the genus Streptomyces. Analysis of the almost complete 16S rRNA gene sequence placed strain SUK12(T) in the genus Streptomyces where it formed a distinct phyletic line with recognized species of this genus. The strain exhibited highest sequence similarity to Streptomyces corchorusii DSM 40340(T) (98.2 %) followed by Streptomyces chrestomyceticus NRRL B-3310(T) (98.1 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 74 mol%. Chemotaxonomic data [MK-9(H8) as the major menaquinone; LL-diaminopimelic acid as a component of cell-wall peptidoglycan; C12 : 0, C14 : 0, C15 : 0 and C17 : 1 as the major fatty acids; phospholipid type II] supported the affiliation of strain SUK12(T) to the genus Streptomyces. The results of the phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic data derived from this and previous studies allowed the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain SUK12(T) from the related species of the genus Streptomyces. The DNA-DNA relatedness value between strain SUK12(T) and S. corchorusii DSM 40340(T) is 18.85±4.55 %. Strain SUK12(T) produces phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, known as tubermycin B, an antibacterial agent. It is proposed, therefore, that strain SUK12(T) ( = DSM 42048(T) = NRRL B-24860(T)) be classified in the genus Streptomyces as the type strain of Streptomyces kebangsaanensis sp. nov.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  2. Sulfitobacter alexandrii sp. nov., a new microalgae growth-promoting bacterium with exopolysaccharides bioflocculanting potential isolated from marine phycosphere
    Yang Q, Ge YM, Iqbal NM, Yang X, Zhang XL
    Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2021 Jul;114(7):1091-1106.
    PMID: 33895907 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01580-0
    Marine phycosphere harbors unique cross-kingdom associations with enormous ecological significance in aquatic ecosystems as well as relevance for algal biotechnology industry. During our investigating the microbial composition and bioactivity of marine phycosphere microbiota (PM), a novel lightly yellowish and versatile bacterium designated strain AM1-D1T was isolated from cultivable PM of marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum amtk4 that produces high levels of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins (PSTs). Strain AM1-D1T demonstrates notable bioflocculanting bioactivity with bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPS), and microalgae growth-promoting (MGP) potential toward its algal host. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain AM1-D1T was affiliated to the members of genus Sulfitobacter within the family Rhodobacteraceae, showing the highest sequence similarity of 97.9% with Sulfitobacter noctilucae NB-68T, and below 97.8% with other type strains. The complete genome of strain AM1-D1T consisted of a circular 3.84-Mb chromosome and five circular plasmids (185, 95, 15, 205 and 348 Kb, respectively) with the G+C content of 64.6%. Low values obtained by phylogenomic calculations on the average nucleotide identity (ANI, 77.2%), average amino acid identity (AAI, 74.7%) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH, 18.6%) unequivocally separated strain AM1-D1T from its closest relative. The main polar lipids were identified as phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, diphosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified phospholipid and one unidentified lipid. The predominant fatty acids (> 10%) were C18:1 ω7c, C19:0 cyclo ω8c and C16:0. The respiratory quinone was Q-10. The genome of strain AM1-D1T was predicted to encode series of gene clusters responsible for sulfur oxidation (sox) and utilization of dissolved organic sulfur exometabolites from marine dinoflagellates, taurine (tau) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) (dmd), as well as supplementary vitamin B12 (cob), photosynthesis carotenoids (crt) which are pivotal components during algae-bacteria interactions. Based on the evidences by the polyphasic characterizations, strain AM1-D1T represents a novel species of the genus Sulfitobacter, for which the name Sulfitobacter alexandrii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AM1-D1T (= CCTCC 2017277T = KCTC 62491T).
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  3. Replacement of animal fat with fractionated and partially hydrogenated palm oil in beef burgers
    Babji AS, Alina AR, Seri Chempaka MY, Sharmini T, Basker R, Yap SL
    Int J Food Sci Nutr, 1998 Sep;49(5):327-32.
    PMID: 10367001
    Four formulations of burgers, prepared with 65% lean meat and 15% fat consisting of RBD palm stearin (PS), Socfat 4000P and Socfat 4100P and beef fat (BF) as control were evaluated for solid fat content (SFC), slip melting point (SMP), cooking loss, proximate analysis (moisture, fat and protein), colour, i.e. lightness ('L'), redness ('a') and yellowness ('b'), free fatty acid (FFA), iodine value (IV), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and texture profile analysis (TPA). Sensory evaluation was carried out for texture, juiciness, aroma, oiliness and overall acceptance. SFC and SMP for raw and cooked SF4000P beef burgers were closest to BF control burgers, falling into the range of 35-40 degrees C. Cooking loss was highest for PS burgers, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) amongst BF, SF4000P and SF4100P burgers. Proximate analysis on raw burgers showed SF4000P to contain high fat and lowest moisture contents. Objective textural measurements using texture profile analysis (TPA) for all cooked burgers showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) for springiness and cohesiveness. Variation of values among the formulations for hardness, gumminess and chewiness are explained by the differences of SFC for beef burgers with various types of fats. Raw and cooked PS burgers have the lightest 'L' values compared with other fat-substituted burgers while BF, SF4000P and SF4100P indicated no significant differences (P > 0.05) for 'L', 'a' and 'b' values. Beef fat showed the highest amount of free fatty acids (FFA) compared to palm oil samples. For the iodine value (IV), SF4000P showed the highest value which means that it contained the highest level of unsaturated fatty acids followed by PS, BF and SF4100P successively. SF4000P had the highest TBA values followed successively by BF, PS and SF4100P. For sensory evaluation, PS burgers had the least oily taste. This may be due to its high cooking loss. Taste panelists could not differentiate burgers with substituted vegetable fats against the control burgers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  4. Whole-grain intake and its inverse relationships with fatty acids intake among multiethnic Malaysian schoolchildren
    Koo HC, Kaur S, Chan KQ, Soh WH, Ang YL, Chow WS, et al.
    J Hum Nutr Diet, 2020 10;33(5):670-677.
    PMID: 32250007 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12753
    INTRODUCTION: Little is known about the relationship of whole-grain intake with dietary fatty acids intake. The present study aimed to assess the whole-grain intake and its relationships with dietary fatty acids intake among multiethnic schoolchildren in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

    METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 392 schoolchildren aged 9-11 years, cluster sampled from five randomly selected schools in Kuala Lumpur. Whole-grain and fatty acids intakes were assessed by 3-day, 24-h diet recalls. All whole-grain foods were considered irrespective of the amount of whole grain they contained.

    RESULTS: In total, 55.6% (n = 218) were whole-grain consumers. Mean (SD) daily intake of whole grain in the total sample was 5.13 (9.75) g day-1 . In the whole-grain consumer's only sample, mean (SD) intakes reached 9.23 (11.55) g day-1 . Significant inverse associations were found between whole-grain intake and saturated fatty acid (SAFA) intake (r = -0.357; P 

    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis*
  5. Sphingopyxis microcysteis sp. nov., a novel bioactive exopolysaccharides-bearing Sphingomonadaceae isolated from the Microcystis phycosphere
    Zhang XL, Li GX, Ge YM, Iqbal NM, Yang X, Cui ZD, et al.
    Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2021 Jun;114(6):845-857.
    PMID: 33770293 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01563-1
    During the study into the microbial biodiversity and bioactivity of the Microcystis phycosphere, a new yellow-pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium containing polyhydroxybutyrate granules designated as strain Z10-6T was isolated from highly-toxic Microcystis aeruginosa Kützing M.TN-2. The new isolate produces active bioflocculating exopolysaccharides. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated strain Z10-6T belongs to the genus Sphingopyxis with highest similarity to Sphingopyxis solisilvae R366T (98.86%), and the similarity to other Sphingopyxis members was less than 98.65%. However, both low values obtained by phylogenomic calculation of average nucleotide identity (ANI, 85.5%) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH, 29.8%) separated the new species from its closest relative. The main polar lipids were sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified glycolipid and one unidentified aminophospholipid. The predominant fatty acids were summed feature 8, C17:1ω6c, summed feature 3, C16:0, C18:1ω7c 11-methyl and C14:0 2-OH. The respiratory quinone was ubiqunone-10, with spermidine as the major polyamine. The genomic DNA G + C content was 64.8 mol%. Several biosynthesis pathways encoding for potential new bacterial bioactive metabolites were found in the genome of strain Z10-6T. The polyphasic analyses clearly distinguished strain Z10-6T from its closest phylogenetic neighbors. Thus, it represents a novel species of the genus Sphingopyxis, for which the name Sphingopyxis microcysteis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Z10-6T (= CCTCC AB2017276T = KCTC 62492T).
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  6. Fulltext Storage Stability Assessment of Red Palm Olein in Comparison to Palm Olein
    Loganathan R, Tarmizi AHA, Vethakkan SR, Teng KT
    J Oleo Sci, 2020 Oct 07;69(10):1163-1179.
    PMID: 32908089 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20036
    Sixty-four bottles of red palm olein and palm olein (constituted as control) samples were stored at permutations of common home setting variables which are: temperature (room temperature (24°C) or 8°C), light (kept in dark or exposure under light) and oxygen (opened or sealed caps). The effects of temperature, oxygen and light on the stability of red palm olein and palm olein were studied over 4 months of storage at simulated domestic conditions. The degree of auto- and photo-oxidations was evaluated by monitoring the following quality parameters: acidity, peroxide and p-anisidine values, fatty acids composition, carotenes and vitamin E. It is noted from the study that opened bottles of red palm olein was found to be stable for 4 months in comparison to its counterpart (palm olein) evidenced from their primary oxidative constituents (peroxides) and hydrolytic behavior (free fatty acids). Opened bottles are better off when stored at 8°C and protected from light for a longer shelf-life. Sealed bottles of palm olein showed better storage stability in the dark at 8°C; whereas sealed bottles of red palm olein was found to be stable at both temperatures studied without the influence of light. After 4 months of varying storage conditions, the fatty acid composition, vitamin E and carotenes of both oils remained unchanged. The phytonutrients in red palm olein rendered better storage stability when compared to palm olein.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  7. Liquid chromatographic detection of Dowtherm A contamination in oleochemicals and edible oils
    Moh FM, Tang TS
    J AOAC Int, 1999 8 13;82(4):893-6.
    PMID: 10444829
    A rapid and direct liquid chromatographic (LC) technique is described for the determination of a eutectic mixture of diphenyl oxide and biphenyl such as Dowtherm A thermal heating fluid (THF) in oleochemicals and palm olein. Analysis is performed with an RP-18 column with fluorescence detection (excitation at 247 nm and emission at 310 nm). The isocratic mobile phase (1.0 mL/min) consists of methanol and water (90 + 10, v/v). A linear calibration model (correlation coefficient = 0.9999) was developed directly from used Dowtherm A THF with the biphenyl peak (4.70 min) as a marker. Average recoveries from spiked glycerin, fatty alcohol mixture, methyl ester mixture, fatty acids, and palm olein were 90.9-108.7%, with a detection limit of 0.1 microgram/mL. The technique requires no prior sample cleanup nor extraction steps and is good for quality assurance purposes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  8. Acrylamide formation in vegetable oils and animal fats during heat treatment
    Daniali G, Jinap S, Hajeb P, Sanny M, Tan CP
    Food Chem, 2016 Dec 01;212:244-9.
    PMID: 27374529 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.174
    The method of liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry was utilized and modified to confirm and quantify acrylamide in heating cooking oil and animal fat. Heating asparagine with various cooking oils and animal fat at 180°C produced varying amounts of acrylamide. The acrylamide in the different cooking oils and animal fat using a constant amount of asparagine was measured. Cooking oils were also examined for peroxide, anisidine and iodine values (or oxidation values). A direct correlation was observed between oxidation values and acrylamide formation in different cooking oils. Significantly less acrylamide was produced in saturated animal fat than in unsaturated cooking oil, with 366ng/g in lard and 211ng/g in ghee versus 2447ng/g in soy oil, followed by palm olein with 1442ng/g.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  9. Synergistic effect of optimizing light-emitting diode illumination quality and intensity to manipulate composition of fatty acid methyl esters from Nannochloropsis sp
    Teo CL, Idris A, Zain NAM, Taisir M
    Bioresour Technol, 2014 Dec;173:284-290.
    PMID: 25310864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.110
    In the study, the relationship between the quality and intensity of LED illumination with FAMEs produced were investigated. Nannochloropsis sp. was cultivated for 14 days under different intensities of 100, 150 and 200 μmol photons m(-2) s(-1) of red, blue and mixed red blue LED. The findings revealed that suitable combination of LED wavelengths and intensity; (red LED: 150, blue: 100 and mixed red blue: 200 μmol photons m(-2) s(-1)) produced maximum biomass growth and lipid content. It was observed that the quality and intensity of LED significantly influenced the composition of FAMEs. FAMEs produced under blue LED has high degree of unsaturation (DU) and low cetane number while those under red LED has low DU but higher CN. The combination of red blue LED has produced FAMEs with high ignition and lubricating property and also good oxidation stability indicated by the DU and CN values which lies midway between the red and blue.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis*
  10. Fulltext Influence of the Extraction Method on the Quality and Chemical Composition of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Oil
    Elouafy Y, El Yadini A, El Moudden H, Harhar H, Alshahrani MM, Awadh AAA, et al.
    Molecules, 2022 Nov 08;27(22).
    PMID: 36431782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227681
    The present study investigated and compared the quality and chemical composition of Moroccan walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil. This study used three extraction techniques: cold pressing (CP), soxhlet extraction (SE), and ultrasonic extraction (UE). The findings showed that soxhlet extraction gave a significantly higher oil yield compared to the other techniques used in this work (65.10% with p < 0.05), while cold pressing and ultrasonic extraction gave similar yields: 54.51% and 56.66%, respectively (p > 0.05). Chemical composition analysis was carried out by GC−MS and allowed 11 compounds to be identified, of which the major compound was linoleic acid (C18:2), with a similar percentage (between 57.08% and 57.84%) for the three extractions (p > 0.05). Regarding the carotenoid pigment, the extraction technique significantly affected its content (p < 0.05) with values between 10.11 mg/kg and 14.83 mg/kg. The chlorophyll pigment presented a similar content in both oils extracted by SE and UE (p > 0.05), 0.20 mg/kg and 0.16 mg/kg, respectively, while the lowest content was recorded in the cold-pressed oil with 0.13 mg/kg. Moreover, the analysis of phytosterols in walnut oil revealed significantly different contents (p < 0.05) for the three extraction techniques (between 1168.55 mg/kg and 1306.03 mg/kg). In addition, the analyses of tocopherol composition revealed that γ-tocopherol represented the main tocopherol isomer in all studied oils and the CP technique provided the highest content of total tocopherol with 857.65 mg/kg, followed by SE and UE with contents of 454.97 mg/kg and 146.31 mg/kg, respectively, which were significantly different (p < 0.05). This study presents essential information for producers of nutritional oils and, in particular, walnut oil; this information helps to select the appropriate method to produce walnut oil with the targeted quality properties and chemical compositions for the desired purpose. It also helps to form a scientific basis for further research on this plant in order to provide a vision for the possibility of exploiting these oils in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food fields.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  11. Use of palm mid-fraction in dark chocolate as base filling centre at different storage temperatures
    Jinap S, Ali AA, Man YB, Suria AM
    Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2000 Nov;51(6):489-99.
    PMID: 11271851
    Dark chocolates filled with palm mid-fraction (PMF) were stored at different temperatures to evaluate the physical and chemical changes. Storage at low temperature (18 degrees C) reduces the PMF migration to negligible extent. Higher storage temperatures (30 and 35 degrees C) increased the PMF migration from the filling centre into the chocolate coating. As a consequence of fat migration, fatty acid composition, triglyceride composition, hardness, solid fat content, melting point and polymorphic structure changed, leading to bloom formation, which started by fat migration and was influenced by recrystallization tendency within the chocolate coating.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  12. Trans fatty acid content in Malaysian supermarket foods: a field-to-laboratory approach in assessing food risk
    Karupaiah T, Tan HK, Ong WW, Tan CH, Sundram K
    Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess, 2014;31(8):1375-84.
    PMID: 24872121 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.929183
    The extent of industrial trans fatty acids (TFA) in the food supply is unknown in Malaysia, whilst TFA disclosure on food labels is not mandatory by Malaysian food standards. Supermarket foods such as dairy products, fats and oils, meat products, snack foods, soups, and confectionery are commonly cited to be major contributors of TFA in the diet. A consumer survey (n = 622) was used to develop a food listing of these 'high risk' foods. TFA content of high-risk foods were analysed by gas chromatography. Food samples (n = 158) were analysed and their total TFA content were compared with Malaysian Food Standards. A wide variation in TFA content within food categories was indicated. Of the foods containing TFA, many food labels did not cite TFA content or the use of partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVO) as an ingredient. Hypothesised estimates of TFA intake from these supermarket foods in a sample day's menu providing 2000 kcal projected a minimum intake of 0.5 g and a maximum intake of 5.2 g TFA. This study found there was no voluntary disclosure of TFA content on food labels or identifying PHVO as an ingredient. It appears that health education targeting consumers to minimise TFA consumption is required supported by mandatory PHVO disclosure on the food label.
    Matched MeSH terms: Trans Fatty Acids/analysis*
  13. Utilization of waste fish oil and glycerol as carbon sources for polyhydroxyalkanoate production by Salinivibrio sp. M318
    Van Thuoc D, My DN, Loan TT, Sudesh K
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2019 Dec 01;141:885-892.
    PMID: 31513855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.063
    A moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from fermenting shrimp paste, Salinivibrio sp. M318 was found capable of using fish sauce and mixtures of waste fish oil and glycerol as nitrogen and carbon sources, respectively, for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) production. A cell dry weight (CDW) of up to 10 g/L and PHB content of 51.7 wt% were obtained after 48 h of cultivation in flask experiment. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] was synthesized when 1,4-butanediol, γ-butyrolactone, or sodium 4-hydroxybutyrate was added as precursors to the culture medium. The biosynthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] was achieved by supplying precursors such as sodium valerate, sodium propionate, and sodium heptanoate. Salinivibrio sp. M318 was able to accumulate the above mentioned PHAs during the growth phase. High CDW of 69.1 g/L and PHB content of 51.5 wt% were obtained by strain Salinivibrio sp. M318 after 78 h of cultivation in fed-batch culture. The results demonstrate Salinivibrio sp. M318 to be a promising wild-type bacterium for the production of PHA from aquaculture residues.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  14. Fulltext Chemical and Physical Characterization of the Hackberry (Celtis australis) Seed Oil: Analysis of Tocopherols, Sterols, ECN and Fatty Acid Methyl Esters
    Nodeh HR, Rashidi L, Gabris MA, Gholami Z, Shahabuddin S, Sridewi N
    J Oleo Sci, 2020 Nov 01;69(11):1359-1366.
    PMID: 33055442 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20128
    For the very first time, the nutritional and physicochemical properties of the oil extracted from hackberry Celtis australis fruit were investigated with the aim of possible applications of such wild fruit oil. The physicochemical properties such as peroxide value, acidity, saponification, iodine value and total fat content of the extracted oil were examined extensively. The obtained results showed that peroxide value, acidity, saponification, iodine value and total fat content of the extracted oil were found to be 4.9 meq O2/kg fat, 0.9 mg KOH/g fat, 193.6 mg KOH/g fat, 141.52 mg I2/g fat and ~5%, respectively. The predominant fatty acid found in this wild fruit is linoleic acid which was calculated to be 73.38%±1.24. In addition, gamma-tocopherol (87%) and β-sitosterol (81.2%±1.08) were the major tocopherol and sterol compositions found in Celtis australis seed oil. Moreover, equivalent carbon number (ECN) analysis has indicated that the three linoleic acids are the main composition of the triacylglycerols extracted from Celtis australis. Also, the high value of omega 6 and β-sitosterol make this oil applicable in cosmetics and pharmaceutical applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis*
  15. Fatty acid compositions in mucus and roe of Haruan, Channa striatus, for wound healing
    Jais AM, Matori MF, Kittakoop P, Sowanborirux K
    Gen. Pharmacol., 1998 Apr;30(4):561-3.
    PMID: 9522175
    1. Fatty acid profiles in the external mucus extract and roe of Channa striatus were determined using gas chromatography (GC). 2. The mucus samples were collected by inducing hypothermic stress (-20 degrees C) for about 1 hr, and the roe were collected from gravid females at night soon after they liberated their eggs in a spawning program. 3. All mucus and roe samples were freeze-dried, except a part of roe which was not. 4. The mucus extract contained unsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid, C18:1 and linoleic acid, C18:2) as a major component, 21.25% and 22.47% of total lipid. 5. For the freeze- and nonfreeze-dried roe, the major components of fatty acid were somewhat similar to the mucus but with higher percentages: 58.56%, 26.08% and 45.76%, 20.94%. Interestingly, the nonfreeze-dried roe contained a large proportion of arachidic acid, C20:0 (22.16%), which was totally absent in the freeze-dried roe samples. 6. This profiling of the fatty acid mucus extract and roe is useful in strengthening the earlier claims that haruan possesses a potential remedy for wound healing (Mat Jais et al., 1994). Therefore, we are discussing the possibility of getting an optimum amount of the essential fatty acid for wound healing from various other parts of the fish without sacrificing the fish.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis*
  16. Antinociceptive, antiinflammatory and antipyretic properties of Channa striatus fillet aqueous and lipid-based extracts in rats
    Zakaria ZA, Kumar GH, Mat Jais AM, Sulaiman MR, Somchit MN
    Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol, 2008 Jun;30(5):355-62.
    PMID: 18806894 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2008.30.5.1186084
    The present study was carried out to elucidate the antinociceptive, antiinflammatory and antipyretic properties of the aqueous and lipid-based extracts of Channa striatus fillet in rats. The antinociceptive activity was assessed using the formalin test, and the antiinflammatory and antipyretic activities were assessed using the carrageenan-induced paw edema and brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia tests, respectively. Both types of extracts were prepared in concentrations of 10%, 50% and 100% by serial dilution in distilled water or dimethyl sulfoxide, respectively, and were administered subcutaneously 30 min prior to each test. Except for the 10% aqueous extract which exhibits activity only in the early phase, the extracts were found to exhibit significant (P < 0.05) activity in the early and late phases of the formalin test. Furthermore, the aqueous and lipid-based extracts were also found to show significant (P < 0.05) antiinflammatory activity, with the former showing a greater effect at the lowest concentration used. The lipidbased, but not the aqueous, extract was found to have significant (P < 0.05) activity in the pyrexia test. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that C. striatus extracts possess antinociceptive, antiinflammatory and antipyretic activities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  17. Amino acid and fatty acid composition of an aqueous extract of Channa striatus (Haruan) that exhibits antinociceptive activity
    Zakaria ZA, Mat Jais AM, Goh YM, Sulaiman MR, Somchit MN
    Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 2007 Mar;34(3):198-204.
    PMID: 17250639
    1. The present study was performed in order to determine the amino acid and fatty acid composition of an aqueous extract of the freshwater fish Channa striatus, obtained by soaking (1:2, w/v) fresh fillets overnight in a chloroform:methanol (2:1, v/v) solvent, to elucidate the mechanism responsible for its antinociceptive activity and to clarify the relationship between the presence of the amino and fatty acids and the expected activity. 2. The aqueous extract was found to contain all amino acids with the major amino acids glycine, alanine, lysine, aspartic acid and proline making up 35.77 +/- 0.58, 10.19 +/- 1.27, 9.44 +/- 0.56, 8.53 +/- 1.15 and 6.86 +/- 0.78% of the total protein, respectively. 3. In addition, the aqueous extract was found to have a high palmitic acid (C16:0) content, which contributed approximately 35.93 +/- 0.63% to total fatty acids. The other major fatty acids in the aqueous extract were oleic acid (C18:1), stearic acid (C18:0), linoleic acid (C18:2) and arachidonic acid (C20:4), contributing 22.96 +/- 0.40, 15.31 +/- 0.33, 11.45 +/- 0.31 and 7.44 +/- 0.83% of total fatty acids, respectively. 4. Furthermore, the aqueous extract was demonstrated to possess concentration-dependent antinociceptive activity, as expected, when assessed using the abdominal constriction test in mice. 5. It is concluded that the aqueous extract of C. striatus contains all the important amino acids, but only some of the important fatty acids, which are suggested to play a key role in the observed antinociceptive activity of the extract, as well as in the traditionally claimed wound healing properties of the extract.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis*
  18. Alcanivorax hongdengensis sp. nov., an alkane-degrading bacterium isolated from surface seawater of the straits of Malacca and Singapore, producing a lipopeptide as its biosurfactant
    Wu Y, Lai Q, Zhou Z, Qiao N, Liu C, Shao Z
    Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2009 Jun;59(Pt 6):1474-9.
    PMID: 19502338 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.001552-0
    A taxonomic study was carried out on strain A-11-3(T), which was isolated from an oil-enriched consortia from the surface seawater of Hong-Deng dock in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. Cells were aerobic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming irregular rods. The strain was catalase- and oxidase-negative. It grew on a restricted spectrum of organic compounds, including some organic acids and alkanes. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain A-11-3(T) was most closely related to the type strains of Alcanivorax jadensis (96.8 % sequence similarity), Alcanivorax borkumensis (96.8 %), Alcanivorax dieselolei (94.8 %), Alcanivorax venustensis (94.2 %) and Alcanivorax balearicus (94.0 %). The predominant fatty acids were C(16 : 0) (31.2 %), C(18 : 1)omega7c (24.8 %), C(18 : 0) (9.6 %), C(12 : 0) (8.3 %), C(16 : 1)omega7c (8.3 %) and C(16 : 0) 3-OH (5.1 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 54.7 mol%. Moreover, the strain produced lipopeptides as its surface-active compounds. According to physiological and biochemical tests, DNA-DNA hybridization results and sequence comparisons of the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer, the gyrB gene and the alkane hydroxylase gene alkB1, strain A-11-3(T) was affiliated with the genus Alcanivorax but could be readily distinguished from recognized Alcanivorax species. Therefore strain A-11-3(T) represents a novel species of the genus Alcanivorax for which the name Alcanivorax hongdengensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A-11-3(T) (=CGMCC 1.7084(T)=LMG 24624(T)=MCCC 1A01496(T)).
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis
  19. Seasonal variation of fatty acid content in natural microplankton from the Tumpat coastal waters of the South China Sea
    Shamsudin L
    Arch Physiol Biochem, 1998 Jul;106(3):253-60.
    PMID: 10099722
    In the search for better understanding on the nutritional quality of natural tropical plankton, samples were collected from shallow coastal waters facing the South China Sea during the dry monsoon (May-September) and the wet monsoon (November-April) seasons from March 1993 to July 1994. The total fatty acid content of the predominantly phytoplankton communities (25-200 microns sieve nets) varied four to fivefold with the lowest value occurring during the dry monsoon when blue-green became predominant. Saturated fatty acid content (SAFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and total omega 3 (sigma omega 3) showed the same seasonal pattern as the total fatty acid with high values in October to December 1993. When species of the dinoflagellate Peridinium and Ceratium were present in considerable amount, the docosahexaenoic acid DHA content was high, especially from March to May 1993. The maximum content of eicosapentaenoic acid EPA, total omega-3 fatty acid, PUFA and sigma omega 3 in phytoplankton occurred during the pre-monsoon period (October and November 1993) when the diatoms were present in large amounts. The larger fraction sample (> 200 microns sieve nets) which consisted predominantly of zooplankton had high amounts of PUFA from September to November 1993.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis*
  20. Lipid and fatty acid contents in red tides from tropical fish ponds of the coastal water of South China Sea
    Shamsudin L
    Arch Physiol Biochem, 1996;104(1):36-42.
    PMID: 8724878
    Microplanktonic red tide blooms (dominated by dinoflagellates) were observed in brackish water fish ponds of Terengganu between March 1992 to January 1993. The first short-lived bloom (2-3 days) occurred in October 1992 while the second long-lived bloom (6-7 days) occurred in January 1993. The dominant dinoflagellate species comprised of Peridinium quinquecorne (> 90% total cell count) with considerable proportion of Protoperidinium excentricum. Ciliophora consisting of Tintinopsis sp. and Favella sp. were also present during the bloom period. The total ash, chlorophyll, phaeopigment, lipid and fatty acid content of the microplankton were studied. Considerable amounts (6-11% of the total fatty acid) of the polyunsaturated fatty acid 18:3w3 (linolenic acid) were present in the microplankton. However, high amounts of 20:5w3 (eicosapentanoic acid) and 22:6w3 (docosahexaenoic acid) were present with variable but usually high amounts of 22:4w6 and 22:5w6 acids. The latter microplankton bloom contained higher amounts of 20:5w3 and 22:6w3 acids than the earlier bloom. Lipid content were three to five times higher than chlorophyll a. There was an increase with successive day after bloom outbreak in the relative proportion of total C18, C20, and C22 fatty acid components. The algae microplankton contained the w3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) probably needed for the growth and survival rate of grazing pond animals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/analysis*
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