Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 121 in total

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  1. Hewitson M
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus
  2. MAYCOCK HG, GIBSON-HILL MM
    Med J Malaya, 1954 Jun;8(4):343-50.
    PMID: 13193272
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus*
  3. Lal M
    Med J Malaya, 1971 Jun;25(4):307-10.
    PMID: 4261309
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus*
  4. Chong HL, Ong HC, Ang LT
    Med J Malaysia, 1974 Sep;29(1):44-53.
    PMID: 4282630
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus/physiology
  5. Puthucheary SD, Lin HP
    Med J Malaysia, 1982 Dec;37(4):378-80.
    PMID: 7167093
    Campylobacter Jejuni is being increasingly recognised as a cause of bacteraemia enteritis and two infants with this condition are described. Awareness of the organism. as a possible cause of septicaemia is important because it has special growth requirements and delay in the diagnosis can be detrimental in a disease which usually only responds to erythromycin, gentamicin and chloramphenicol.
    Matched MeSH terms: Campylobacter fetus
  6. Lim YS, Jegathesan M, Wong YH
    Med J Malaysia, 1984 Dec;39(4):285-8.
    PMID: 6544934
    The incidence of Campylobacter jejuni in patients with and without diarrhoea was studied in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. C. jejuni was recovered from 3.8% and 4.3% of diarrhoeal stools of children and adults, respectively. From the patients without diarrhoea, the relative isolation rates for children and adults were 2.6% and 0%, respectively. Dual infections occurred in two children, with Salmonella and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli being the other enteric pathogen in each case. Cary-Blair medium was found to be an effective transport medium in recovering C. jejuni. Campylobacter enteritis occurred in patients of various age groups, indicating that this organism should be sought routinely by diagnostic laboratories in faecal specimens from patients with diarrhoea.
    Matched MeSH terms: Campylobacter fetus/isolation & purification
  7. Kek LP, Ng CS, Chng KP, Ratnam SS, Cheah JS, Yeo PB, et al.
    Ann Acad Med Singap, 1985 Apr;14(2):303-6.
    PMID: 4037690
    100 patients were registered at the Diabetic Clinic in 1981, where they were managed by a team of physician, obstetrician and paediatrician, based on a preset protocol. Only 92 patients were eventually analysed. The study showed a 1.3% incidence of pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus. The mean birthweights of infants of both gestational and established diabetics were heavier than that of the general population by race and gestation. 25% of the 92 infants of diabetic mothers have birthweight exceeding the 90th centile of population. Further division of the 92 patients into the "true gestational" diabetics, as shown by an oral glucose tolerance test performed 6 weeks post-natally, also showed a 25% incidence of macrosomia. Late antenatal booking, delayed detection of abnormal glucose tolerance and treatment attributed to the high incidence of macrosomia. Only one infant had birthweight below the tenth centile. There were no perinatal mortality in the 92 patients studied. Macrosomia is a common complication in infants of diabetic mothers despite a physician-obstetrician joint-care system. Also, the risk of having macrosomia amongst gestational diabetics is high.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus/physiology*
  8. Pang T, Wong PY, Puthucheary SD, Sihotang K, Chang WK
    J Med Microbiol, 1987 May;23(3):193-8.
    PMID: 3585956
    Studies were performed on a cytotoxin (CT) from human strains of Campylobacter jejuni isolated in Malaysia. CT was detected by cytopathic effect (CPE) on HeLa cells at titres from 8 to 32, in culture filtrates from 14 (48%) of 29 human isolates. The CPE correlated well with a quantitative 51Cr-release assay where a specific release of 54-68% was noted. CT production was lost after 5-7 subcultures. CT activity was also detected in 5 (26%) of 19 faecal filtrates from which CT-producing isolates were subsequently obtained. The mol. wt of CT was estimated by Sephadex G-50 chromatography to be greater than 30,000. In a suckling-mouse assay, CT consistently failed to demonstrate fluid accumulation after intragastric inoculation of culture filtrate. The Removable Intestinal Tie Adult Rabbit Diarrhoea (RITARD) assay was also used. Rabbits given CT-producing strains of C. jejuni developed bacteraemia and severe watery mucus-containing diarrhoea for the duration of the experiment with death of some animals. Rabbits given CT non-producing strains had less severe disease and none died. Rabbits given partially-purified CT had diarrhoea for 3 days but none died.
    Matched MeSH terms: Campylobacter fetus/metabolism*; Campylobacter fetus/pathogenicity
  9. Oppenheimer SJ
    Parasitol. Today (Regul. Ed.), 1989 Mar;5(3):77-9.
    PMID: 15463183
    Iron deficiency is common in the developing world; consequently, programmes of presumptive therapy and mass supplementation have been introduced in several countries. In this article Stephen Oppenheimer suggests caution, as recent evidence suggests that these practices may actually increase the likelihood of the subject developing patent malaria in endemic areas. This may be especially significant in infants, who are less likely to be immune to malaria, and in pregnant women, who are often routinely given iron supplements and in whom malaria may damage the foetus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus
  10. Gabriel R
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1992 Jun;10(1):19-22.
    PMID: 12345025
    PIP: Between December 1990 and May 1991 in Malaysia, clinicians at the Sultanah Aminah Hospital in Johor Bahru screened 200 women with a diagnosis of threatened miscarriage with ultrasound to determine whether ultrasound could evaluate the viability of the fetus and thus the outcome of pregnancy in cases of threatened abortion. A fetal heartbeat was absent in 65% of cases with the remaining 35% of cases having a fetal heartbeat. Nonviability of the fetus or an abnormal or very early pregnancy may have accounted for an absent fetal heartbeat. The pregnancy of 46% of cases continued while 41% experienced spontaneous abortion. Just 6.2% of cases with a fetal heartbeat suffered from spontaneous abortion compared with 69.7% of those without a fetal heartbeat. 93.8% of cases with a fetal heartbeat continued their pregnancies compared with 30.3% of those without a fetal heartbeat. Inability of ultrasound to detect fetal heartbeats during early pregnancy probably accounted for the somewhat high percentage of those without a fetal heartbeat who continued their pregnancies. Among patients with a fetal heartbeat, the number of pregnancies that continued. Ultrasound detected 13% abnormal pregnancies (i.e., molar pregnancy or ectopic pregnancy). Surgery on these cases confirmed the ultrasound findings. These results showed that ultrasound should be used in every case of threatened miscarriage and that a fetal heartbeat does indicate the viability of the fetus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus
  11. Raman S, Urquhart R, Yusof M
    Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 1992 Aug;32(3):196-9.
    PMID: 1445124
    A prospective study was carried out on 50 patients who had their fetal weight estimated by 3 clinicians of different seniority and compared to the ultrasound estimated fetal weights using 3 different formulas. All the patients delivered within 24 hours of their clinical and ultrasound estimates. A wide range of birth-weights (1,800-4,500 g) was estimated among the 3 different races (Malay, Chinese and Indians). The results showed that there was no significant difference in birth-weight estimation amongst the 3 clinicians as well as between the 3 ultrasound formulas used. There was however significant difference between these 2 groups when compared with the actual birthweight with clinical estimation being superior to ultrasound estimation in our population. This level of significance did not extend beyond 4,000 g fetal weight (actual) thus making both clinical and ultrasound estimation of fetal weight equally accurate after 4,000 g. This has important implications for developing countries where there is a lack of technologically advanced ultrasound machines capable of doing sophisticated functions like fetal weight estimations but has experienced clinicians who could perform this function equally well if not better.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus/anatomy & histology*
  12. Yeo GS, Chan WB, Lun KC, Lai FM
    Ann Acad Med Singap, 1994 May;23(3):371-6.
    PMID: 7944253
    A systematic collection of fetal morphometric measurements was started seven years ago in 1987 with the prospective entry of data into personal computer-based stations in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Singapore General Hospital. A cross-sectional study was done, comparing 2392 Chinese fetuses with 2117 Malay fetuses and 459 Indian fetuses from 18 to 40 weeks. The mean values of the head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL) of the 3 ethnic groups were analysed. There were no statistical significant differences in the head circumference and abdominal circumference of Chinese, Malay and Indian fetuses in Singapore. The Chinese and Malay fetal femur length appeared similar but were apparently shorter than the Indian femur length. Nomograms of head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length were constructed for application to fetuses of all 3 ethnic groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus/anatomy & histology*
  13. Mumtaz M
    Malays J Med Sci, 2000 Jan;7(1):4-9.
    PMID: 22844208 MyJurnal
    Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the most common medical complication and metabolic disorder of pregnancy. This review provides an overview into the morbidity associated with GDM as well as the current methods of screening, diagnosis and management with the aim of early recognition and prevention of complications to both the mother and foetus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus
  14. Lim JM, Hong AG, Raman S, Shyamala N
    Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 2000 Feb;15(2):131-7.
    PMID: 10775996
    To determine whether racial differences affect the relationship between the fetal femur diaphysis length and the neonatal crown-heel length.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus/anatomy & histology*
  15. Nambiar, P., Paul, G., Swaminathan, D., Nadesan, K.
    Ann Dent, 2000;7(1):46-50.
    MyJurnal
    The estimation of age of human foetal remains is of great medico-legal importance. When the remains are intact and fresh, various morphological features such as crown-heel length, weight, appearance of ossification centres particularly around the ankles and knees and other parameters could be used to make a reasonable estimation of the period of gestation. In cases of criminal abortion, infanticide and child murder the question of age of the foetus, viability, live birth and a separate existence become very important. In practice, often at the time of detection, the remains are decomposed or skeletonised. In such a situation the examination of developing teeth will provide a reliable answer pertaining to the foetal age, the possibility of a separate existence and even the period of survival after birth. The.age determination from dental examination is possible from approximately 10 weeks intrauterine up to old age. The presence of neonatal line (birth line) in both dentine and enamel indicates live birth and a separate existence. It is possible that the time period of survival can be estimated by measuring postnatal deposition of these hard tissues. An intact human foetus that has undergone mild to moderate putrefaction was studied. The study of the morphological features and the ossification centres suggested that its approximate age was around nine months intrauterine. It was not possible to decide whether it was a live birth and had a separate existence. The examination of the developing first deciduous molar of the mandible suggested the approximate age was around 30-32 weeks intrauterine. The importance of examination of developing teeth in foetal remains (including neonates), particularly associated with putrefaction or skeletonisation is emphasized.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus
  16. Singh HJ, Rahman A, Larmie ET, Nila A
    Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 2001 Feb;80(2):99-103.
    PMID: 11167202
    AIMS: The pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia is still unclear. Placental hypoperfusion, which precedes the maternal manifestations of pre-eclampsia, could be due to some vasoconstrictor factor/s like endothelin-1. The aim of the study therefore was to estimate the levels of endothelin-1 in feto-placental tissue homogenates from normotensive pregnant women and women with pre-eclampsia.

    METHOD AND MATERIAL: Fresh, vaginally delivered placentae from ten normotensive pregnant women and nine women with pre-eclampsia were carefully dissected and 4 gm each of amnion, chorion laeve, placental plate chorion, fetal placenta (fetal surface of the placenta) and maternal placenta (surface of the placenta attached to the uterine wall) were obtained. These tissues were then thoroughly washed in a 0.5 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.5, at room temperature and then individually homogenized for one minute in 4 ml of the same buffer. After centrifugation the supernatant was removed. The pellet was re-suspended in buffer, re-homogenized and then centrifuged. The supernatant was removed and the procedure was repeated once again and the three supernatants of each tissue were pooled. Endothelin-1 was estimated by RIA. All results are presented as mean+/-SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using students 't' test for unpaired samples and a 'p' value of <0.05 was considered significant.

    RESULTS: In tissues from normotensive pregnant women, no significant differences were evident in endothelin-1 concentrations in the chorion laeve, fetal placenta and maternal placenta but were significantly higher than those in the amnion and placental plate chorion (p<0.01). In tissues from pre-eclamptic women, no significant differences were evident between endothelin-1 concentrations in the chorion laeve, placental plate chorion and fetal placenta. Mean endothelin-1 concentration in the amnion and maternal placenta were significantly lower than those in chorion laeve, placental plate chorion and fetal placenta (p<0.01). Endothelin-1 concentrations were significantly higher in the amnion, chorion laeve, placental plate chorion and fetal placenta from women with pre-eclampsia when compared to tissues from normotensive pregnant women (p<0.01).

    CONCLUSIONS: Endothelin-1 levels were significantly higher in the placental tissues from women with pre-eclampsia. Endothelin-1, being a powerful vasoconstrictor, could cause significant vasoconstriction in the placental vasculature, and alterations in endothelin-1 levels in placental vasculature may therefore have a role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia.

    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus/metabolism*
  17. Nordström L, Achanna S, Naka K, Arulkumaran S
    BJOG, 2001 Mar;108(3):263-8.
    PMID: 11281466
    To determine longitudinally fetal and maternal blood lactate concentrations during the second stage of labour.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus/chemistry*
  18. Sivanesaratnam V
    Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol, 2001 Apr;13(2):121-5.
    PMID: 11315864
    A malignancy discovered in pregnancy is often difficult to manage; the optimal maternal therapy has to be balanced with the fetal well-being. Generally, the cancer is managed as though the patient is not pregnant. For the various site-specific cancers, surgery is the main modality of treatment; this should be individualized. Chemotherapeutic agents are highly teratogenic in the first trimester, with some adverse effects when used after 12 weeks' gestation. The overall survival rate for pregnancy-associated breast cancer is poor; the reasons for this are discussed. For cervical cancer, delivery by caesarean section appears to be the method of choice, with significantly better survival rates compared with those who deliver vaginally. Other gynaecological and non-gynaecological malignancies are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus/drug effects
  19. Tan PC, Jacob R, Quek KF, Omar SZ
    BJOG, 2006 Jun;113(6):733-7.
    PMID: 16709219
    The association between female fetal sex and hyperemesis gravidarum is well established in European and North American populations. The association between female fetuses and severity of hyperemesis remains uncertain. A retrospective study based on case notes review of 166 Asian women hospitalised for hyperemesis was performed. Female fetuses were significantly associated with hyperemesis in our population (P= 0.004, OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.2) as well as associated with severe ketonuria and high urea. When both severe ketonuria and high urea were present at initial hospital admission for hyperemesis, 83% (95% CI 66-93) of the fetuses were female.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetus*
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