Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 183 in total

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  1. Zareian M, Ebrahimpour A, Bakar FA, Mohamed AK, Forghani B, Ab-Kadir MS, et al.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2012;13(5):5482-97.
    PMID: 22754309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13055482
    l-glutamaic acid is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and an important intermediate in metabolism. In the present study, lactic acid bacteria (218) were isolated from six different fermented foods as potent sources of glutamic acid producers. The presumptive bacteria were tested for their ability to synthesize glutamic acid. Out of the 35 strains showing this capability, strain MNZ was determined as the highest glutamic-acid producer. Identification tests including 16S rRNA gene sequencing and sugar assimilation ability identified the strain MNZ as Lactobacillus plantarum. The characteristics of this microorganism related to its glutamic acid-producing ability, growth rate, glucose consumption and pH profile were studied. Results revealed that glutamic acid was formed inside the cell and excreted into the extracellular medium. Glutamic acid production was found to be growth-associated and glucose significantly enhanced glutamic acid production (1.032 mmol/L) compared to other carbon sources. A concentration of 0.7% ammonium nitrate as a nitrogen source effectively enhanced glutamic acid production. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of glutamic acid production by lactic acid bacteria. The results of this study can be further applied for developing functional foods enriched in glutamic acid and subsequently γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) as a bioactive compound.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology*
  2. Zaman MZ, Abu Bakar F, Jinap S, Bakar J
    Int J Food Microbiol, 2011 Jan 31;145(1):84-91.
    PMID: 21183239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.11.031
    Bacteria with amine oxidase activity have become a particular interest to reduce biogenic amines concentration in food products such as meat and fish sausages. However, little information is available regarding the application of these bacteria in fish sauce. Hence, our study was aimed to investigate the effect of such starter cultures in reducing biogenic amines accumulation during fish sauce fermentation. Staphylococcus carnosus FS19 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FS05 isolated from fish sauce which possess amine oxidase activity were used as starter cultures in this study. Fermentation was held for 120 days at 35 °C. The pH value increased in all samples, while salt concentration remained constant throughout fermentation. Aerobic bacteria count was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the control than in inoculated samples as a result of starter cultures addition. However, it decreased during fermentation due to the growth inhibition by high salt concentration. Proteolytic bacterial count decreased during fermentation with no significant difference (p > 0.05) among samples. These bacteria hydrolyzed protein in anchovy to produce free amino acid precursors for amines formation by decarboxylase bacteria. The presence of biogenic amines producing bacteria in this study was considered to be indigenous from raw material or contamination during fermentation, since our cultures were negative histamine producers. Amino acid histidine, arginine, lysine and tyrosine concentration decreased at different rates during fermentation as they were converted into their respective amines. In general, biogenic amines concentration namely histamine, putrescine, cadaverine and tyramine increased throughout fermentation. However, their concentrations were markedly higher (p < 0.05) in the control (without starter cultures) as compared to the samples treated with starter cultures. Histamine concentration was reduced by 27.7% and 15.4% by Staphylococcus carnosus FS19 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FS05, respectively. Both cultures could also reduce other amines during fermentation. After 120 days of fermentation, the overall biogenic amines concentration was 15.9% and 12.5% less in samples inoculated with Staphylococcus carnosus FS19 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FS05, respectively, as compared to control samples. These findings emphasized that application of starter cultures with amines oxidase activity in fish sauce fermentation was found to be effective in reducing biogenic amines accumulation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology*
  3. Zakaria Z, Hassan L, Sharif Z, Ahmad N, Ali RM, Husin SA, et al.
    BMC Vet Res, 2020 Oct 17;16(1):393.
    PMID: 33069231 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02605-y
    BACKGROUND: Salmonella is a very important foodborne pathogen causing illness in humans. The emergence of drug-resistant strains also constitutes a serious worry to global health and livestock productivity. This study investigated Salmonella isolates from chicken and chicken meat products using the phenotypic antimicrobial screening as well as the molecular characteristics of Salmonella isolates. Upon serotyping of the isolates, the antimicrobial susceptibility profiling using a panel of 9 commonly used antimicrobials was done. Subsequently, the molecular profiles of all the isolates were further determined using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and the Whole Genome Multi-Locus Sequence Type (wgMLST) analysis in order to obtain the sequence types.

    RESULTS: The PFGE data was input into FPQuest software, and the dendrogram generated was studied for possible genetic relatedness among the isolates. All the isolates were found to belong to the Salmonella Enteritidis serotype with notable resistance to tetracycline, gentamycin, streptomycin, and sulfadimidine. The S. Enteritidis isolates tested predominantly subtyped into the ST11 and ST1925, which was found to be a single cell variant of ST11. The STs were found to occur in chicken meats, foods, and live chicken cloacal swabs, which may indicate the persistence of the bacteria in multiple foci.

    CONCLUSION: The data demonstrate the presence of S. Enteritidis among chickens, indicating its preference and reservoir status for enteric Salmonella pathogens.

    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology
  4. Zaini NA, Harith HH, Olusesan AT, Zulkifli AH, Bakar FA, Osman A, et al.
    J Food Prot, 2010 Mar;73(3):541-6.
    PMID: 20202342
    The objective of this study was to determine the level of preservatives and microbiological loads in various brands of commercially available chili bo (paste). Fifteen different brands of chili bo obtained from the local market and hypermarkets were analyzed for pH, moisture and benzoic acid content, microbiological loads (aerobic, anaerobic, aerobic spores, and fungi), and thermophilic microorganisms. Results showed that both moisture content and pH vary among samples. The concentrations of benzoic acid detected in chili bo were found to be in the range of 537 to 5,435 mg/kg. Nine of fifteen brands were found to exceed the maximum level permitted by the Malaysian Food Law in accordance with the Codex Alimentarius (1,000 mg/kg for benzoic acid). An apparent correlation between benzoic acid concentration and microbiological loads present in the chili bo was observed. The microbiological loads were found to be relatively low in the end products containing high amounts of benzoic acid. The heat-resistant (70 to 80 degrees C) microorganisms present in chili bo were identified as Ochrobacterum tritici, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila, Microbacterium maritypicum, Roseomonas spp., CDC group II-E subgroup A, Flavimonas oryzihabitans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with M. maritypicum being the most frequently found (in 9 of 15 samples) microorganism. Most of these identified microorganisms were not known to cause foodborne illnesses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology
  5. Zahid N, Ali A, Manickam S, Siddiqui Y, Maqbool M
    J Appl Microbiol, 2012 Oct;113(4):925-39.
    PMID: 22805053 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05398.x
    To investigate the antifungal activity of conventional chitosan and chitosan-loaded nanoemulsions against anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. isolated from different tropical fruits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology*
  6. Yousr, A.H., Nipis, S., Rusul, G.R.A., Son, R.
    MyJurnal
    Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to assay for the detection of specific genes in the genomes of the Aeromonas spp. isolated from environmental and shellfish sources, particularly aero and hlyA genes, responsible for aerolysin and hemolysin toxins production in this genus. The results showed that: (i) the 1500 bp amplicon of the hlyA gene was detected in 20/38 of the Aeromonas hydrophila, 13/38 of the A. caviae and 6/9 of the A. veronii biovar sobria isolates; (ii) the 690 bp amplicon of the aero gene was detected in 20/38 of A. hydrophila, 17/38 of A. caviae and 6/9 of A. veronii biovar sobria isolates; (iii) the nucleotide blast results of aerolysin gene sequences of the representative strains of A. hydrophila, A. caviae and A. veronii biovar sobria revealed a high homology of 94%, 95% and 95% with published sequences, respectively and ; (iv) the protein blast showed 97%, 94% and 96% homology when compared to the published sequences, respectively. The finding of A. hydrophila virulence genes in other members of the genus Aeromonas, may give a new perspective to the significance of these results. The method described here may be a useful detection tool to assist in further investigation of aero and hlyA genes in the genus Aeromonas, especially for food microbiologist.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology
  7. Yong, W.Z., Haresh, K.K., Wong, W.C., 1 Pui, C.F., Son, R.
    MyJurnal
    The objectives highlighted in the present study were to determine the estimates of measurement uncertainty associated with PALCAM and CHROMagarTM Listeria media, to compare the efficacy between both media in relation to their measurement uncertainties. In addition, this study was carried out to assess the performance characteristics of spread and spiral plating procedures based on the comparison of Listeria monocytogenes enumeration between PALCAM and CHROMagarTM Listeria media. This work involved pure culture experiment, artificially contaminated samples experiment and naturally contaminated samples experiment. In pure culture experiment, PALCAM performance was relatively inferior to CHROMagarTM Listeria medium for both plating procedures. From the artificially contaminated samples, the results revealed that the values of repeatability, reproducibility, and measurement uncertainty at 95% confidence interval were comparable between both media under evaluation. However, at the level of naturally contaminated samples, the performance of CHROMagar
    TM Listeria medium was refutable as the presence of high number of competitive microorganisms reduced the clarity of the medium. The current emphasis in ensuring microbiological safety which requires use of accredited laboratories has led to measurable need for measurement uncertainty to ensure reliability of test results for global acceptance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology
  8. Yeo SK, Liong MT
    J Sci Food Agric, 2010 Jan 30;90(2):267-75.
    PMID: 20355041 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.3808
    Soy products have attracted much attention lately as carriers for probiotics. This study was aimed at enhancing the growth of probiotics in soymilk via supplementation with prebiotics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology*
  9. Yap TW, Rabu A, Abu Bakar FD, Rahim RA, Mahadi NM, Illias RM, et al.
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:642891.
    PMID: 24982972 DOI: 10.1155/2014/642891
    Lactococcus lactis is the most studied mesophilic fermentative lactic acid bacterium. It is used extensively in the food industry and plays a pivotal role as a cell factory and also as vaccine delivery platforms. The proteome of the Malaysian isolated L. lactis M4 dairy strain, obtained from the milk of locally bred cows, was studied to elucidate the physiological changes occurring between the growth phases of this bacterium. In this study, ultraperformance liquid chromatography nanoflow electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC- nano-ESI-MS(E)) approach was used for qualitative proteomic analysis. A total of 100 and 121 proteins were identified from the midexponential and early stationary growth phases, respectively, of the L. lactis strain M4. During the exponential phase, the most important reaction was the generation of sufficient energy, whereas, in the early stationary phase, the metabolic energy pathways decreased and the biosynthesis of proteins became more important. Thus, the metabolism of the cells shifted from energy production in the exponential phase to the synthesis of macromolecules in the stationary phase. The resultant proteomes are essential in providing an improved view of the cellular machinery of L. lactis during the transition of growth phases and hence provide insight into various biotechnological applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology
  10. Yang J, Lu J, Zhu Q, Tao Y, Zhu Q, Guo C, et al.
    J Biosci Bioeng, 2021 Aug;132(2):161-166.
    PMID: 33972168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.12.016
    As one of Lianyungang's most famous specialties, Acanthogobius hasta is delicious and nutritious fish, but is extremely susceptible to spoilage during transportation and storage. In this study, Lactobacillus plantarum MMB-07 was isolated from traditional fermented sour fish to reduce losses and improve the utilization and food value of A. hasta. L. plantarum MMB-07 had good ability of acid production and acid resistance. Moreover, it could also inhibit common pathogens in food or aquatic products to ensure the safety of fermented products. MMB-07 was used to ferment A. hasta and obtain fermented Suanyu rich in nutrition value and good flavor. The volatile base nitrogen was 18.44 mg/100 g and the fermented fish meat maintained second-grade freshness. Thiobarbituric acid assay was 0.90 mg/kg and fat in fish meat was oxidized to a low degree. The studies indicated that MMB-07 has a high application prospect in low salt fermented fish.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology
  11. Wong LP, Alias H, Choy SH, Goh XT, Lee SC, Lim YAL, et al.
    Zoonoses Public Health, 2020 05;67(3):263-270.
    PMID: 31927794 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12681
    Malaysia is a non-endemic country for hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. However, seroprevalence as high as 50% among samples of aboriginal people were reported over two decades ago. A total of 207 samples collected from seven aboriginal villages in rural settlements across two states in Malaysia were analysed for anti-HEV IgG and IgM by an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Following the detection of anti-HEV seroprevalence, we organized health outreach to inform and educate the community. Qualitative interviews were conducted with individuals tested positive for anti-HEV antibodies. Data derived from interviews and observations were used to investigate possible lifestyle behaviours associated with HEV infection. Anti-HEV IgG was detected in six samples (5.9%) from the village of Dusun Kubur. Qualitative inquiry and observation study revealed poor dietary and household hygiene, contaminated food and water, contact with animal faeces, unsanitary and domestic waste disposal, and wildlife reservoirs could be the contributing factors for transmission and acquisition of HEV infection. Investigation during health outreach is important to provide insights for future empirical research and implementation for improvement of lifestyle behaviours among the aborigines. Managing the risk of HEV infection in the aborigines may reduce the risk of HEV transmission to the local communities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology
  12. Wong A, Ngu DY, Dan LA, Ooi A, Lim RL
    Nutr J, 2015;14:95.
    PMID: 26370532 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0084-2
    Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer nutrition- and health-promoting benefits if consumed in adequate amounts. Concomitant with the demand for natural approaches to maintaining health is an increase in inclusion of probiotics in food and health products. Since probiotic bacteria act as reservoir for antibiotic resistant determinants, the transfer of these genes to pathogens sharing the same intestinal habitat is thus conceivable considering the fact that dietary supplements contain high amounts of often heterogeneous populations of probiotics. Such events can confer pathogens protection against commonly-used drugs. Despite numerous reports of antibiotic resistant probiotics in food and biological sources, the antibiogram of probiotics from dietary supplements remained elusive.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology
  13. Woh PY, Thong KL, Behnke JM, Lewis JW, Zain SNM
    J Food Prot, 2017 Aug;80(8):1378-1383.
    PMID: 28722485 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-16-342
    Asymptomatic Salmonella carriers who work as food handlers pose food safety and public health risks, particularly during food preparation, and this has serious implications for the disease burden in society. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine the number of Salmonella carriers in a migrant cohort in several food establishments in three major cities in Peninsular Malaysia. Sociodemographic data and stool samples were collected and analyzed using standard methods of detection and isolation. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests of the positive samples were also performed. A total of 317 migrant food handlers, originating from South and Southeast Asian countries, were recruited voluntarily. Nine (2.8%) stool samples were confirmed to be Salmonella positive. PCR serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis identified four serotypes as Typhimurium (n = 3), Corvallis (n = 2), Hadar (n = 1), Agona (n = 1) and two unknown serovars. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed that all nine isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and gentamycin. However, seven isolates were found to be multidrug resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, sulfonamides, streptomycin, and tetracycline. This study highlights that carriers of nontyphoidal Salmonella exist among migrant food handlers, which poses a health risk to consumers through food contamination. Our results indicate a need for authorities to enhance food safety awareness in the migrant workers and to reevaluate current health screening methods to include preventive measure such as mandatory stool screening as part of the preemployment and routine health examinations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology
  14. Wiart C, Hannah A, Yusof M, Hamimah H, Sulaiman M
    J Herb Pharmacother, 2005;5(3):97-102.
    PMID: 16520301
    The crude methanol extract of Bearded Argostemma (Argostemma involucratum Hemsl., Rubiaceae) showed a good and broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The activity was increased on fractionation (hexane, dichloromethane and water), particularly in the aqueous fraction which was more active than the methanol extract and streptomycin (no activity was shown against tested moulds). Both the hexane and dichloromethane fractions were inactive. The objective of this experiment was to investigate the antibacterial activity of hexane, dichloromethane, and aqueous fractions of Argostemma involucratum Hemsl. The aqueous fraction of Bearded Argostemma may be a possible new option for the treatment of bacterial infections.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology*
  15. Wan-Hamat H, Lani MN, Hamzah Y, Alias R, Hassan Z, Mahat NA
    Trop Biomed, 2020 Mar 01;37(1):103-115.
    PMID: 33612722
    The microbiological quality of thirty ready-to-eat (RTE) keropok lekor (a sausage shape Malaysian fish product) was evaluated in comparison to microbiological guidelines for ready to eat foods. The two E. coli isolates were subjected to DNA sequencing, identified and tested for their resistance towards fifteen different antibiotics. The survival and growth of the isolated E. coli strains inoculated in keropok lekor at atmospheric air and vacuum packaging were also evaluated. Results revealed that four samples (13.33%) contained Enterobacteriaceae counts that exceeded the recommended allowable counts of 4.0 log10 CFU/g. Unsatisfactory level of coliforms (< 1.7 log10 CFU/g) was also observed in ten of the samples; two of which contained E. coli (2.1 ± 0.17 and 3.7 ± 0.02 log10 CFU/g), suggesting of poor hygiene and sanitation practices. While the 'Possible E10' E. coli strain was observably resistant towards Nalidixic acid (30µg) alone, B10 E. coli isolate was worryingly resistant towards Ampicillin (10µg), Ceftazidime (30µg), Ciprofloxacin (5µg), Ceftriaxone (30µg), Nalidixic acid (30µg) and Tetracycline (30µg). This study also revealed that the growth and survival of the 'Possible E10' and B10 E. coli strains were not significantly affected by vacuum packaging when stored at both 4°C and 28°C. Therefore, intervention programmes to alert and educate smallmedium enterprisers (SMEs) of keropok lekor producers on food safety as well as potential health risks that can be associated due to inappropriate handling procedures of such product, merits consideration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology
  16. Wameadesa N, Sae-lim A, Hayeebilan F, Rattanachuay P, Sukhumungoon P
    PMID: 29642296
    Local Thai and imported Malaysian beef in southern Thailand area carry
    several Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serotypes. STEC O104 is an
    important pathogen capable of causing outbreaks with considerable morbidity
    and mortality. This study investigated the presence of E. coli O104 from local Thai
    and imported Malaysian beef obtained from markets in Hat Yai City, Songkhla
    Province during August 2015 - February 2016. Thirty-one E. coli O104 strains
    were isolated from 12 beef samples (16% and 23% Thai and imported Malaysian,
    respectively). Thirty strains possessed aggA (coding for a major component of
    AAF/I fimbriae), a gene associated with enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) pathotype,
    and all strains carried fimH (encoding Type 1 fimbriae). Thirty strains
    belonged to phylogenetic group B1 and one strain (from Malaysian beef) to group
    A. Agglutination of yeast cells was observed among 29 E. coli O104 strains. Investigation
    of stx2 phage occupancy loci demonstrated that sbcB was occupied in 12
    strains. Antimicrobial susceptibility assay revealed that 7 strains were resistant
    to at least one antimicrobial agent and two were multi-drug resistant. One strain
    carried extended spectrum β-lactamase gene blaCTX-M and three carried blaTEM. PFGE-generated DNA profiling showed identical DNA pattern between that of
    one EAEC O104 strain from Thai beef and another from Malaysian beef, indicating
    that these two strains originated from the same clone. This is the first report
    in Thailand describing the presence of EAEC O104 from both Thai and imported
    Malaysian beef and their transfer between both countries. Thorough surveillance
    of this pathogen in fresh meats and vegetables should help to prevent any possible
    outbreak of E. coli O104.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology*
  17. Veldman K, Kant A, Dierikx C, van Essen-Zandbergen A, Wit B, Mevius D
    Int J Food Microbiol, 2014 May 2;177:72-7.
    PMID: 24607424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.02.014
    Since multidrug resistant bacteria are frequently reported from Southeast Asia, our study focused on the occurrence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in fresh imported herbs from Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia. Samples were collected from fresh culinary herbs imported from Southeast Asia in which ESBL-suspected isolates were obtained by selective culturing. Analysis included identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, susceptibility testing, XbaI-PFGE, microarray, PCR and sequencing of specific ESBL genes, PCR based replicon typing (PBRT) of plasmids and Southern blot hybridization. In addition, the quinolone resistance genotype was characterized by screening for plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes and mutations in the quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR) of gyrA and parC. The study encompassed fifty samples of ten batches of culinary herbs (5 samples per batch) comprising nine different herb variants. The herbs originated from Thailand (Water morning glory, Acacia and Betel leaf), Vietnam (Parsley, Asian pennywort, Houttuynia leaf and Mint) and Malaysia (Holy basil and Parsley). By selective culturing 21 cefotaxime resistant Enterobacteriaceae were retrieved. Array analysis revealed 18 isolates with ESBL genes and one isolate with solely non-ESBL beta-lactamase genes. Mutations in the ampC promoter region were determined in two isolates with PCR and sequencing. The isolates were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=9), Escherichia coli (n=6), Enterobacter cloacae complex (n=5) and Enterobacter spp. (n=1). All isolates tested were multidrug resistant. Variants of CTX-M enzymes were predominantly found followed by SHV enzymes. PMQR genes (including aac(6')-1b-cr, qnrB and qnrS) were also frequently detected. In almost all cases ESBL and quinolone resistance genes were located on the same plasmid. Imported fresh culinary herbs from Southeast Asia are a potential source for contamination of food with multidrug resistant bacteria. Because these herbs are consumed without appropriate heating, transfer to human bacteria cannot be excluded.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology*
  18. Van Thuoc D, Loan TT, Trung TA, Van Quyen N, Tung QN, Tien PQ, et al.
    Mar Biotechnol (NY), 2020 Oct;22(5):651-660.
    PMID: 32827070 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-020-09986-z
    Salinivibrio proteolyticus M318, a halophilic bacterium isolated from fermented shrimp paste, is able to produce polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) from different carbon sources. In this study, we report the whole-genome sequence of strain M138, which comprises 2 separated chromosomes and 2 plasmids, and the complete genome contains 3,605,935 bp with an average GC content of 49.9%. The genome of strain M318 contains 3341 genes, 98 tRNA genes, and 28 rRNA genes. The 16S rRNA gene sequence and average nucleotide identity analysis associated with morphological and biochemical tests showed that this strain has high homology to the reference strain Salinivibrio proteolyticus DSM 8285. The genes encoding key enzymes for PHA and ectoine synthesis were identified from the bacterial genome. In addition, the TeaABC transporter responsible for ectoine uptake from the environment and the operon doeABXCD responsible for the degradation of ectoine were also detected. Strain M318 was able to produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] from different carbon sources such as glycerol, maltose, glucose, fructose, and starch. The ability to produce ectoines at different NaCl concentrations was investigated. High ectoine content of 26.2% of cell dry weight was obtained by this strain at 18% NaCl. This report provides genetic information regarding adaptive mechanisms of strain M318 to stress conditions, as well as new knowledge to facilitate the application of this strain as a bacterial cell factory for the production of PHA and ectoine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology
  19. Vadivelu J, Puthucheary SD, Mitin A, Wan CY, van Melle B, Puthucheary JA
    PMID: 9031414
    Forty clinical isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were studied for the production of the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH), and the TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) including the respective encoding genes, tdh and trh. The presence of TDH and its encoding genes were found amongst 95% of the strains, whereas the TRH was absent amongst these isolates. Thirty-two isolates were found to be plasmid-free, whereas eight isolates possessed plasmids with sizes ranging from 2.4 > or = 23 kb. Using a DNA probe coding for the homologous region of the tdh and trh, it was found that the tdh genes were present on the chromosomal DNA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology*
  20. Vadivelu J, Feachem RG, Drasar BS, Harrison TJ, Parasakthi N, Thambypillai V, et al.
    Epidemiol Infect, 1989 Dec;103(3):497-511.
    PMID: 2691267
    The membrane-filter assay, GM1-ELISA, and DNA-DNA hybridization assay, were used to detect enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in samples of water, weaning food, food preparation surface swabs, fingerprints of mothers, and the fingerprints and stools of children under 5 years of age, in 20 households in a Malaysian village. Weaning food and environmental samples were frequently contaminated by faecal coliforms, including ETEC. The membrane-filter assay detected and enumerated faecal coliforms and LT-ETEC in all types of water and weaning food samples. Highest concentrations of faecal coliforms and LT-ETEC were found in weaning food, followed by well-water, stored water and stored drinking water. The GM1-ELISA detected LT-ETEC in weaning food, food preparation surfaces, fingerprints and stool samples. The DNA-DNA hybridization assay detected a larger proportion of STa2-ETEC than the other toxotypes, either singly or in combination. All the assays in combination detected the presence of ETEC in all types of samples on at least one occasion in each household. It was not possible to classify households as consistently more or less contaminated with ETEC. On individual occasions it was possible to show a significant association of the presence of LT-ETEC between the fingerprints of children and their stools, fingerprints of mothers and children, and weaning food and the stools of the child consuming the food.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Microbiology*
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