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Enhancing the hydrophobicity of mangrove bark by esterification for oil adsorption

Asadpour R, Sapari NB, Isa MH, Orji KU

Water Sci Technol, 2014 10 18;70(7):1220-8.
PMID: 25325547 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2014.355

Oil spills generally cause worldwide concern due to their detrimental effects on the environment and the economy. An assortment of commercial systems has been developed to control these spills, including the use of agricultural wastes as sorbents. This work deals with raw and modified mangrove barks (Rhizophora apiculata), an industrial lignocellulosic waste, as a low cost adsorbent for oil-product-spill cleanup in the aquatic environment. Mangrove bark was modified using fatty acids (oleic acid and palmitic acid) to improve its adsorption capacity. The oil sorption capacity of the modified bark was studied and compared with that of the raw bark. Kinetic tests were conducted with a series of contact times. The influence of particle size, oil dosage, pH and temperature on oil sorption capacity was investigated. The results showed that oleic acid treated bark has a higher sorption capacity (2,860.00 ± 2.00 mg/g) than untreated bark for Tapis crude oil. A correlation between surface functional groups, morphology and surface area of the adsorbent was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectrum, field emission scanning electron microscopy images and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. Isotherm study was conducted using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The result showed that adsorption of crude oil on treated mangrove bark could be best described by the Langmuir model.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
High-performance cellulose acetate/polysulfone blend ultrafiltration membranes for removal of heavy metals from water

Moradihamedani P, Abdullah AH

Water Sci Technol, 2017 May;75(10):2422-2433.
PMID: 28541950 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.122

Neat cellulose acetate (CA) and CA/polysulfone (PSf) blend ultrafiltration membranes in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone as a pore former were prepared via a phase inversion technique. The prepared membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, mechanical strength, water content, porosity, permeate flux and heavy metals (Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+) rejection to comprehend the impact of polymer blend composition and additive on the properties of the modified membranes. The water flux expanded by increasing of PSf content in the polymer composition. CA/PSf (60/40) had the highest flux among prepared membranes. Prepared blend membranes were able to remove heavy metals from water in the following order: Pb2+ > Cd2+ > Zn2+ > Ni2+. The CA/PSf (80/20) blend membrane had great performance among prepared membranes due to the high heavy metals removal and permeate flux.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MAGNESIUM/ALUMINIUM LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDE AS FILLER IN LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITE

NUR ATHIRAH ZULKIFLI, MOHD AIDIL ADHHA ABDULLAH, MAZIDAH MAMAT

UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2021;3(1):1-6.
MyJurnal

Polymer had been widely used in industries nowadays. However, the properties of the polymer itself are limited to a particular application. This study describes synthetic clay, layered double hydroxide (LDH), as a filler in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composite. LDHs of magnesium/aluminium-dodecyl sulfate (Mg/Al-DS) and its grafted with triethoxymethylsilane (TEMS), (TEMS-g-Mg/Al-DS) were synthesized through co-precipitation and salinization reaction methods. The presence of alkyl group, v(C-H) in both LDH had confirmed through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The appearance of peaks in FTIR spectra within the absorbance range of 2800 – 2930 cm-1indicates a successful surface modification of LDH, supported by the changes of interlayer spacing and the presence of carbon from X-ray diffractogram and CHNS elemental analysis, respectively. The synthesized LDH was mixed with LDPE via melt intercalation method. The LDH modification resulted in higher interaction and compatibility between the LDPE matrix and LDH by the formation exfoliated type of nanocomposites, as suggested by XRD analysis.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext Estimation of Caffeine Content in Coffee of Malaysian Market Using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy

Francis Davin Nyoro, Siong Fong Sim, Amelia Laccy Jeffrey Kimura

Trends in Undergraduate Research, 2018;1(1):0-0.
MyJurnal

This study reports the caffeine content in seven locally available coffee. The caffeine was extracted with chloroform and analysed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The method reports an average recovery of 101% with the limit of determination established at 0.1%. The absorption band at 1654 cm-1 was used to construct the calibration curve for quantification of caffeine where the regression was fitted with satisfactory linearity. An average of 0.55% of caffeine was detected in the seven coffee products with Arabica coffee demonstrating lower caffeine concentration. The study evidenced that caffeine content in coffee is determined by the coffee types. The caffeine content found in the local coffee products was relatively lower likely due to the solvent types, extraction procedure and analytical method used.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Ultrafast Nonlinear Optical and Structure-Property Relationship Studies of Pyridine-Based Anthracene Chalcones Using Z-Scan, Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing, and Computational Approaches

Maidur SR, Patil PS, Katturi NK, Soma VR, Ai Wong Q, Quah CK

J Phys Chem B, 2021 Apr 22;125(15):3883-3898.
PMID: 33830758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c01243

The structural, thermal, linear, and femtosecond third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of two pyridine-based anthracene chalcones, (2E)-1-(anthracen-9-yl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (2PANC) and (2E)-1-(anthracen-9-yl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (3PANC), were investigated. These two chalcones were synthesized following the Claisen-Schmidt condensation method. Optically transparent single crystals were achieved using a slow evaporation solution growth technique. The presence of functional groups in these molecules was established by Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectroscopic data. The detailed solid-state structure of both chalcones was determined from the single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. Both crystals crystallized in the centrosymmetric triclinic space group P1̅ with the nuance of unit cell parameters. The crystals (labeled as 2PANC and 3PANC) have been found to be transparent optically [in the entire visible spectral region] and were found to be thermally stable up to 169 and 194 °C, respectively. The intermolecular interactions were investigated using the Hirshfeld surface analysis, and the band structures (highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, excited-state energies, global chemical reactivity descriptors, and molecular electrostatic potentials) were studied using density functional theory (DFT) techniques. The ultrafast third-order NLO properties were investigated using (a) Z-scan and (b) degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) techniques using ∼50 fs pulses at 800 nm (1 kHz, ∼4 mJ) from a Ti:sapphire laser amplifier. Two-photon-assisted reverse saturable absorption, self-focusing nonlinear refraction, optical limiting, and optical switching behaviors were witnessed from the Z-scan data. 3PANC demonstrated a stronger two-photon absorption coefficient, while 2PANC depicted a stronger nonlinear refractive index among the two. The time-resolved DFWM data demonstrated that the decay times of 2PANC and 3PANC were ∼162 and ∼180 fs, respectively. The second hyperpolarizability (γ) values determined by DFT, Z-scan, and DFWM were found to be in good correlation (with a magnitude of ∼10-34 esu). The ultrafast third-order NLO response, significant NLO properties, and thermal stability of these chalcones brands them as potential candidates for optical power limiting and switching applications.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Selective adsorption and recovery of volatile fatty acids from fermented landfill leachate by activated carbon process

Talebi A, Razali YS, Ismail N, Rafatullah M, Azan Tajarudin H

Sci Total Environ, 2020 Mar 10;707:134533.
PMID: 31865088 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134533

An adsorption-desorption process was applied on fermented landfill leachate to adsorb and recover acetic and butyric acid, using activated carbon. In this study, the first, volatile fatty acids adsorption process from fermented leachate was optimized, by investigating various affecting factors such as pH, time, agitation speed, activated carbon dosage, and temperature. The optimum condition for maximum adsorption of 88.94% acetic acid and 98.53% butyric acid, was 19.79 %wt activated carbon dosage, 40.00 rpm of agitation speed, in 9.45 °C and contact time of 179.89 h, while the pH of the substrate was kept fixed at pH:3.0. Results of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and zeta potential revealed that carbon is the dominant component in the adsorbent with a significant effect to remove organic impurities, and it was observed that the activated carbon after the adsorption process showed an amorphous structure peak with a large internal surface area and pore volume. The results exposed that the adsorption on the surface of activated carbon was due to the chemisorption, and the chemisorption mechanism was supported by covalent bonding. The kinetic study displayed excellent fit to Pseudo-second order kinetics model. The second phase of this study was to recover the adsorbed VFAs using multistage desorption unit, in which application of deionized water and ethanol (as desorption agents) resulted in 89.1% of acetic acid and 67.8% of the butyric acid recovery.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Sound production in the tiger-tail seahorse Hippocampus comes: Insights into the sound producing mechanisms

Lim AC, Chong VC, Chew WX, Muniandy SV, Wong CS, Ong ZC

J Acoust Soc Am, 2015 Jul;138(1):404-12.
PMID: 26233039 DOI: 10.1121/1.4923153

Acoustic signals of the tiger-tail seahorse (Hippocampus comes) during feeding were studied using wavelet transform analysis. The seahorse "click" appears to be a compounded sound, comprising three acoustic components that likely come from two sound producing mechanisms. The click sound begins with a low-frequency precursor signal, followed by a sudden high-frequency spike that decays quickly, and a final, low-frequency sinusoidal component. The first two components can, respectively, be traced to the sliding movement and forceful knock between the supraorbital bone and coronet bone of the cranium, while the third one (purr) although appearing to be initiated here is produced elsewhere. The seahorse also produces a growling sound when under duress. Growling is accompanied by the highest recorded vibration at the cheek indicating another sound producing mechanism here. The purr has the same low frequency as the growl; both are likely produced by the same structural mechanism. However, growl and purr are triggered and produced under different conditions, suggesting that such "vocalization" may have significance in communication between seahorses.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext Elucidation of prazosin biodegradation by isolated Bacillus spp. from the tropical environment

Mohd Mohsi NF, Apandi A, Megat Mohd Noor MJ, Md Akhir FN, Sugiura N, Utsumi M, et al.

J Gen Appl Microbiol, 2020 Apr 13;66(1):8-14.
PMID: 31281138 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2019.04.001

Prazosin (PRZ), a drug used to treat hypertensive patients, is an emergent contaminant in water systems. PRZ is an alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat anxiety, and is believed to reach the environment through human excretion, irresponsible disposal of unused medicine, and waste products from manufacturing plants. The purpose of this research was to isolate and characterize potential microbes for PRZ biodegradation and to identify the degradation pathway. After screening, isolated strain STP3 showed a capability for PRZ degradation and was chosen for further analysis. Resting cell assays with PRZ were conducted to identify the intermediate metabolites formed from biodegradation by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS) analysis. Two metabolites degraded from PRZ by STP3 were successfully found, and as these metabolites are derived from the main structure of PRZ, their presence proved PRZ degradation. Draft genome sequencing analysis of STP3 was performed to identify potential enzymes for PRZ biodegradation based on the metabolites found.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Contactless respiration rate measurement using optical method and empirical mode decomposition

Gan KB, Yahyavi ES, Ismail MS

Technol Health Care, 2016 Sep 14;24(5):761-8.
PMID: 27163300 DOI: 10.3233/THC-161161

BACKGROUND: At the emergency triage center, assessment of the present of the danger signs and measurement of vital signs are measured according to the guidelines. The respiration rate is still posing a challenge to the doctor as it is impractical to use conventional devices. Attaching measurement devices to the patient will induce artificial measurements (self-awareness stress effects) besides being time-consuming. Currently, the medical officers visually count the number of times the chest movement in a minute, sometimes poses cultural challenges especially for female patients.
OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this paper is to develop a robust algorithm to extract respiration rate using the contactless displacement sensor.
METHODS: In this study, chest movements were used as an indicative of inspiration and expiration to measure respiratory rate using the contactless displacement sensor. The contactless optical signals were recorded from 32 healthy subjects in four different controlled breathing conditions: rest, coughing, talking and hand movement to obtain the motion artifacts that the patients may have in the emergency department. The Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm was used to derive continuous RR signal from the contactless optical signal.
RESULTS: The analysis showed that there is a good correlation (0.9702) with RMSE of 0.33 breaths per minutes between the contact respiration rate and contactless respiration rate using empirical mode decomposition method.
CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the empirical mode decomposition method can extract the respiration rate of the contactless optical signal from chest movement.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Study on the chemical changes of Quercus acuttisima by Ganoderma lucidum cultivation after different years by FTIR analysis

Zhang W, Chen X, Liu G, Jin G, Li Y, Li G, et al.

Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc, 2022 Feb 05;266:120443.
PMID: 34619507 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120443

The popularmedicinal mushroomGanodermalucidum was often cultivated by the natural-log. Generally the short log after cultivation were discarded and became pollutant. Rapid and less destructive method of analysis technical by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Two-dimension Infrared (2DIR) correlation spectroscopy were selected to determine the composition changes of the logs after G.lucidum cultivation after first year to fifth year. The FTIR accumulated spectra formed without processed baseline showed the samples relied upon a sequenced increase of higher level than spectrum control Q (Q = Quercus acuttisima) from L + Q-5 (L = Lingzhi), L + Q-3, L + Q-1 to L + Q-2. The spectrum L + Q-4 has the optimum highest peak at box B, C and E from this lumped spectral view. The split spectra pinpointed on the fingerprint region of a sample begins from peak 1737 cm-1. ascribed C = O stretching vibration on acetyl and carboxyl hemicellulose group bonding gradually faded from L + Q-1 to L + Q-4 but appeared again on L + Q-5, possibly due to the degradation of hemicellulose. The absorption of peak around 1626 cm-1,1318 cm-1 and 781 cm-1 could be the characteristic absorption peak of calcium oxalate monohydrate. The correlation table indicated, most of the original structure of the building block of the wooden part was deteriorated and marked the lowest correlation value of the 4th year sample with control Q. The sudden changing pattern of 2nd derivative spectrum L + Q-3 to more flatten pattern spectrum L + Q-4 ascribed the changing contents of cellulose and hemicellulose included the lignin within one year during the G. lucidum cultivation. The 2DIR spectrum of the raw material sample precisely showed that the active site with red color was clustered with the area around 1800-1700 cm-1, 1450-800 cm-1 and 750-400 cm-1. In between, the range 1450-800 cm-1 was the most active cluster. Each of the sample showed the different sequence of autopeak comparison. This study has examined the impact of G. lucidum on the degradation of Q. acuttisima in term of their ecosystem life chain. The components of healthy Q. acuttisima wood including lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and calcium oxalate monohydrate underwent changes after different years of G. lucidum cultivation.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext The potential of incorporation of binary salts and ionic liquid in P(VP-co-VAc) gel polymer electrolyte in electrochemical and photovoltaic performances

Ming NH, Ramesh S, Ramesh K

Sci Rep, 2016 06 08;6:27630.
PMID: 27273020 DOI: 10.1038/srep27630

In this study, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) has been assembled with poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (P(VP-co-VAc)) gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) which have been incorporated with binary salt and an ionic liquid. The potential of this combination was studied and reported. The binary salt system GPEs was having ionic conductivity and power conversion efficiency (PCE) that could reach up to 1.90 × 10(-3) S cm(-1) and 5.53%, respectively. Interestingly, upon the addition of the ionic liquid, MPII into the binary salt system the ionic conductivity and PCE had risen steadily up to 4.09 × 10(-3) S cm(-1) and 5.94%, respectively. In order to know more about this phenomenon, the electrochemical impedance studies (EIS) of the GPE samples have been done and reported. Fourier transform infrared studies (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) have also been studied to understand more on the structural and thermal properties of the GPEs. The Nyquist plot and Bodes plot studies have been done in order to understand the electrochemical properties of the GPE based DSSCs and Tafel polarization studies were done to determine the electrocatalytic activity of the GPE samples.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext Novel chemical synthesis and characterization of copper pyrovanadate nanoparticles and its influence on the flame retardancy of polymeric nanocomposites

Ghiyasiyan-Arani M, Masjedi-Arani M, Ghanbari D, Bagheri S, Salavati-Niasari M

Sci Rep, 2016 05 04;6:25231.
PMID: 27143312 DOI: 10.1038/srep25231

In this work, copper pyrovanadate (Cu3V2O7(OH)2(H2O)2) nanoparticles have been synthesized by a simple and rapid chemical precipitation method. Different copper-organic complexes were used to control the size and morphology of products. The morphology and structure of the as-synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The influence of copper pyrovanadate nanostructures on the flame retardancy of the polystyrene, poly vinyl alcohol and cellulose acetate was studied. Dispersed nanoparticles play the role of a magnetic barrier layer, which slows down product volatilization and prevents the flame and oxygen from the sample during decomposition of the polymer. Cu3V2O7(OH)2(H2O)2 is converted to Cu3V2O8 with an endothermic reaction which simultaneously releases water and decrease the temperature of the flame region.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext ZnCr2O4 Nanoparticles: Facile Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Properties

Mousavi Z, Soofivand F, Esmaeili-Zare M, Salavati-Niasari M, Bagheri S

Sci Rep, 2016 Feb 01;6:20071.
PMID: 26832329 DOI: 10.1038/srep20071

In this work, zinc chromite (ZnCr2O4) nanostructures have been synthesized through co-precipitation method. The effect of various parameters such as alkaline agent, pH value, and capping agent type was investigated on purity, particle size and morphology of samples. It was found that particle size and morphology of the products could be greatly influenced via these parameters. The synthesized products were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The superhydrophilicity of the calcined oxides was investigated by wetting experiments and a sessile drop technique which carried out at room temperature in air to determine the surface and interfacial interactions. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of ZnCr2O4 nanoparticles was confirmed by degradation of anionic dyes such as Eosin-Y and phenol red under UV light irradiation. The obtained ZnCr2O4 nanoparticles exhibit a paramagnetic behavior although bulk ZnCr2O4 is antiferromagnetic, this change in magnetic property can be ascribed to finite size effects.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext Hydrothermal preparation of silver telluride nanostructures and photo-catalytic investigation in degradation of toxic dyes

Gholamrezaei S, Salavati-Niasari M, Ghanbari D, Bagheri S

Sci Rep, 2016;6:20060.
PMID: 26805744 DOI: 10.1038/srep20060

Different morphologies of Ag2Te nanostructures were synthesized using TeCl4 as a new precursor and hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent by a hydrothermal method. Various parameters that affect on morphology and purity of nanostructures were optimized. According to our experiments the best time and temperature for preparation of this nanostructure are 12 h and 120 °C. The photo-catalytic behaviour of nanostructures in presence of UV-visible light for degradation of methyl orange was investigated. Results show that the presence of UV light is necessary for an efficient degradation of dye in aqueous solution. On the other hand, as observations propose the Ag2Te reveal a strong photoluminescence peak at room temperature that could be attributed to high level transition in the semiconductor. Nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) techniques and UV-visible scanning spectrometer (UV-Vis).

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext Biodegradable carboxymethyl cellulose based material for sustainable packaging application

Yaradoddi JS, Banapurmath NR, Ganachari SV, Soudagar MEM, Mubarak NM, Hallad S, et al.

Sci Rep, 2020 12 15;10(1):21960.
PMID: 33319818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78912-z

The main goal of the present work was to develop a value-added product of biodegradable material for sustainable packaging. The use of agriculture waste-derived carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) mainly is to reduce the cost involved in the development of the film, at present commercially available CMS is costly. The main focus of the research is to translate the agricultural waste-derived CMC to useful biodegradable polymer suitable for packaging material. During this process CMC was extracted from the agricultural waste mainly sugar cane bagasse and the blends were prepared using CMC (waste derived), gelatin, agar and varied concentrations of glycerol; 1.5% (sample A), 2% (sample B), and 2.5% (sample C) was added. Thus, the film derived from the sample C (gelatin + CMC + agar) with 2.0% glycerol as a plasticizer exhibited excellent properties than other samples A and B. The physiochemical properties of each developed biodegradable plastics (sample A, B, C) were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The swelling test, solubility in different solvents, oil permeability coefficient, water permeability (WP), mechanical strength of the produced material was claimed to be a good material for packaging and meanwhile its biodegradability (soil burial method) indicated their environmental compatibility nature and commercial properties. The reflected work is a novel approach, and which is vital in the conversion of organic waste to value-added product development. There is also another way to utilize commercial CMC in preparation of polymeric blends for the packaging material, which can save considerable time involved in the recovery of CMC from sugarcane bagasse.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext Enhanced physicochemical stability and efficacy of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) - inhibitory biopeptides by chitosan nanoparticles optimized using Box-Behnken design

Auwal SM, Zarei M, Tan CP, Basri M, Saari N

Sci Rep, 2018 Jul 10;8(1):10411.
PMID: 29991723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28659-5

Bromelain-generated biopeptides from stone fish protein exhibit strong inhibitory effect against ACE and can potentially serve as designer food (DF) with blood pressure lowering effect. Contextually, the DF refer to the biopeptides specifically produced to act as ACE-inhibitors other than their primary role in nutrition and can be used in the management of hypertension. However, the biopeptides are unstable under gastrointestinal tract (GIT) digestion and need to be stabilized for effective oral administration. In the present study, the stone fish biopeptides (SBs) were stabilized by their encapsulation in sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) cross-linked chitosan nanoparticles produced by ionotropic gelation method. The nanoparticles formulation was then optimized via Box-Behnken experimental design to achieve smaller particle size (162.70 nm) and high encapsulation efficiency (75.36%) under the optimum condition of SBs:Chitosan mass ratio (0.35), homogenization speed (8000 rpm) and homogenization time (30 min). The SBs-loaded nanoparticles were characterized for morphology by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), physicochemical stability and efficacy. The nanoparticles were then lyophilized and analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results obtained indicated a sustained in vitro release and enhanced physicochemical stability of the SBs-loaded nanoparticles with smaller particle size and high encapsulation efficiency following long period of storage. Moreover, the efficacy study revealed improved inhibitory effect of the encapsulated SBs against ACE following simulated GIT digestion.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext Synthesis and physicochemical analysis of polystyrene-anchored pd(II) metal complex

Siti Kamilah Che Soh, Siti Aminah Jusoh, Mustaffa Shamsuddin

Scientific Research Journal, 2014;11(2):0-0.
MyJurnal

A polystyrene (PS)-anchored Pd(II) metal complex was synthesized on cross-linked polymer by heating a mixture of chlorometylated polystyrene with phenyldithiocarbazate and carbon disulfide in the presence of potassium hydroxide (KOH) in dimethylformamide (DMF). The reaction mixture was heated at 80 °C to form the corresponding phenyldithiocarbazate-functionalized polymer. Then, it was treated with bis(benzonitrile)palladium(II) chloride. The properties of dark colored polymer, impregnated with the metal complex was then characterized by various spectroscopic technique such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX), CHNS elemental analysis, BET surface area, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric (TGA) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission (ICP-OES) spectroscopy.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext Conductivity studies of schiff base ligands derived from O-phenylenediamine and their Co(II) and Zn(II) complexes

Muhamad Faridz Osman, Karimah Kassim

Scientific Research Journal, 2015;12(2):0-0.
MyJurnal

The coordination complexes of Co(II) and Zn(II) with Schiff bases derived from ophenylenediamine and substituted 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde were prepared. All compounds were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy elemental analyzers. They were analyzed using impedance spectroscopy in the frequency range of 100Hz - 1MHz. L1 and L2 showed higher conductivity compared to their metal
complexes, which had values of 1.37 x 10-7 and 6.13 x 10-8S/cm respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Fulltext Application of partial least squares discriminant analysis for discrimination of palm oils

Mas Ezatul Nadia Mohd Ruah, Nor Fazila Rasaruddin, Fong, Sim Siong, Mohd Zuli Jaafar

Scientific Research Journal, 2014;11(1):0-0.
MyJurnal

This paper outlines the application of chemometrics and pattern recognition tools to classify palm oil using Fourier Transform Mid Infrared spectroscopy (FT-MIR). FT-MIR spectroscopy is used as an effective analytical tool in order to categorise the oil into the category of unused palm oil and used palm oil for frying. The samples used in this study consist of 28 types of pure palm oil, and 28 types of frying palm oils. FT-MIR spectral was obtained in absorbance mode at the spectral range from 650 cm -1 to 4000 cm -1 using FT-MIR-ATR sample handling. The aim of this work is to develop fast method in discriminating the palm oils by implementing Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Learning Vector Quantisation (LVQ) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Raw FT-MIR spectra were subjected to Savitzky-Golay smoothing and standardized before developing the classification models. The classification model was validated through finding the value of percentage correctly classified by test set for every model in order to show which classifier provided the best classification. In order to improve the performance of the classification model, variable selection method known as t-statistic method was applied. The significant variable in developing classification model was selected through this method. The result revealed that PLSDA classifier of the standardized data with application of t-statistic showed the best performance with highest percentage correctly classified among the classifiers.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis
Removal of Cd2+ from aqueous solution using MgAICO3-layered double hydroxide

Nurul lzza Taib, Norzuyanti Mohd Aris

Scientific Research Journal, 2011;8(2):13-31.
MyJurnal

Anion clay hydrotalcite MgA1C0 3 with a Mg/A1 molar ratio of 3:1 was synthesized by co-precipitation at room temperature and pressure. The physicochemical properties were evaluated using Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The efficacy of anion clay hydrotalcite in the removal ofCcf- from aqueous solutions was investigated with respect to contact time, initial concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage and temperature. The Cd2- removal increased with the increased in contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH and initial concentration. Adsorption decreases with increasing initial concentration and temperature, for which the latter is indicative of an exothermic process. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of MgA1C0 3 was evaluated using linear Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms with respect to the separation factor, RL.

Matched MeSH terms: Fourier Analysis

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