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  1. Pogorelov K, Suman S, Azmadi Hussin F, Saeed Malik A, Ostroukhova O, Riegler M, et al.
    J Appl Clin Med Phys, 2019 Aug;20(8):141-154.
    PMID: 31251460 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.12662
    Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is an effective technology that can be used to make a gastrointestinal (GI) tract diagnosis of various lesions and abnormalities. Due to a long time required to pass through the GI tract, the resulting WCE data stream contains a large number of frames which leads to a tedious job for clinical experts to perform a visual check of each and every frame of a complete patient's video footage. In this paper, an automated technique for bleeding detection based on color and texture features is proposed. The approach combines the color information which is an essential feature for initial detection of frame with bleeding. Additionally, it uses the texture which plays an important role to extract more information from the lesion captured in the frames and allows the system to distinguish finely between borderline cases. The detection algorithm utilizes machine-learning-based classification methods, and it can efficiently distinguish between bleeding and nonbleeding frames and perform pixel-level segmentation of bleeding areas in WCE frames. The performed experimental studies demonstrate the performance of the proposed bleeding detection method in terms of detection accuracy, where we are at least as good as the state-of-the-art approaches. In this research, we have conducted a broad comparison of a number of different state-of-the-art features and classification methods that allows building an efficient and flexible WCE video processing system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Tract/pathology*
  2. Ab Hamid S, Abd Rashid SN, Mohd Saini S
    Jpn J Radiol, 2012 Jun;30(5):386-92.
    PMID: 22415809 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-012-0069-4
    The drug-trafficking business has risen tremendously because of the current increased demand for illegal narcotics. The smugglers conceal the drugs in their bodies (body packers) in order to bypass the tight security at international borders. A suspected body packer will normally be sent to the hospital for imaging investigations to confirm the presence of drugs in the body. Radiologists, therefore, need to be familiar with and able to identify drug packets within the human body because they shoulder the legal responsibilities. This pictorial essay describes the characteristic imaging features of drug packets within the gastrointestinal tract.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Tract/pathology
  3. Lee SH, Ooi SK, Mahadi NM, Tan MW, Nathan S
    PLoS One, 2011;6(3):e16707.
    PMID: 21408228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016707
    Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a disease of significant morbidity and mortality in both human and animals in endemic areas. Much remains to be known about the contributions of genotypic variations within the bacteria and the host, and environmental factors that lead to the manifestation of the clinical symptoms of melioidosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Tract/pathology
  4. Al-Hendal A, Al-Sabbagh AJ, Al-Mishaan M, Abo Dief W
    Gulf J Oncolog, 2010 Jul.
    PMID: 20601339
    We report a case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by a gastrointestinal stromal tumor in a 50-year old man. The patient was having melena for two months, and on admission he was hemodynamically stable. Upper G.I endoscopy showed diffuse gastritis and an extrinsic compressing mass in the upper part of the stomach. CT scan of the abdomen showed exophytic mass in the fundus of the stomach, with central necrosis. The patient was submitted to operative management. There were no features of dissemination but there was invasion of the hilum of the spleen. Wide local resection and splenectomy performed. Post operative course was complicated by a bleeding from the anastomotic site that required re-exploration and suturing of the bleeding vessel. Histologic examination revealed that it was composed of spindle-shaped cells with elongated nuclei. Post operatively the patient received adjuvant treatment with Imatinib [Gleevec]. The patient has an uneventful follow-up period so far.
    Matched MeSH terms: Upper Gastrointestinal Tract/pathology*
  5. Borucinska JD, Caira JN
    J Fish Dis, 2006 Jul;29(7):395-407.
    PMID: 16866923
    Lesions associated with two species of tapeworms within the digestive tract of wild-caught specimens of the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, and the sicklefin weasel shark, Hemigaleus microstoma, from Malaysian Borneo are described. Portions of the glandular stomach and pyloric gut with parasites were removed and fixed in 10% formalin buffered in sea water. Whole mounts, histological sections of tissues with and without worms in situ, and scanning electron microscopy images of detached worms were examined. Both species of cestodes belonged to the trypanorhynch family Tentaculariidae. Heteronybelinia estigmena was found in large numbers parasitizing the pyloric gut of C. leucas; an unidentified tentaculariid was found in relatively small numbers in both the glandular stomach and pyloric gut of H. microstoma. Both species burrowed their scoleces deeply in the mucosa and attached via hooked tentacles and unciniform microtriches of the scolex. The lesions induced by the parasites were marked in both sharks and ranged from acute necrotizing to chronic granulomatous gastroenteritis. Regenerative hyperplasia and intestinal metaplasia of gastric epithelium were also present. The severity and character of pathology was causally linked to the intensity of infection, the attachment mode of the parasites, and to the anatomophysiological relationships within the gut of the host shark.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Tract/pathology
  6. Hilmi I, Tan YM, Goh KL
    World J Gastroenterol, 2006 Mar 07;12(9):1435-8.
    PMID: 16552816
    AIM: To determine the demography and clinical presentation of CD and secondly to determine any differences in the prevalence between the different ethnic groups in a multiracial Asian population.

    METHODS: Patients with CD who were seen in 2001-2003 in the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) were enrolled in this study. Prevalence of disease was calculated for the group as a whole and by race with hospital admissions per ethnic group as the denominator.

    RESULTS: Thirty-four patients were diagnosed to have CD. Basic demographic data of patients; male:female 17:17; mean age 29.1 years (+/-13.5 years); ethnic group: Malays 5 (14.7%), Chinese 12 (35.3%) and Indians 17 (50%).Twenty-six (76.5%) were diagnosed under the age of 40 and 8 (23.5%) were diagnosed over the age of 40. Location of the disease was as follows:ileocolonic 13 (38.2%), terminal ileum only 9 (26.5%), colon only 8 (23.5%), and upper gastrointestinal 4 (11.8%). Sixteen (47.1%) had penetrating disease, 9 (26.5%) had stricturing disease and 9 (26.5%) had non-penetrating and non-stricturing disease. The hospital admission prevalence of CD was 26.0 overall, Indians 52.6, Chinese 6.9, and Malays 9.3 per 10(5) admissions per ethnic group. The difference between Indians and Malays: [OR 5.67 (1.97, 17.53) P<0.001] was statistically significant but not between the Indians and the Chinese [OR 1.95 (0.89, 4.35) P=0.700]. The difference between the Chinese and the Malays was also not statistically significant. [OR 2.90 (0.95, 9.42) P=0.063].

    CONCLUSION: The clinical presentation of CD is similar to the Western experience. Although the overall prevalence is low,there appears to be a clear racial predominance among the Indians.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Tract/pathology
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