Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 33 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Chemical and Chemometric Methods for Halal Authentication of Gelatin: An Overview
    Hassan N, Ahmad T, Zain NM
    J Food Sci, 2018 Dec;83(12):2903-2911.
    PMID: 30440088 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14370
    The issue of food authenticity has become a concern among religious adherents, particularly Muslims, due to the possible presence of nonhalal ingredients in foods as well as other commercial products. One of the nonhalal ingredients that commonly found in food and pharmaceutical products is gelatin which extracted from porcine source. Bovine and fish gelatin are also becoming the main commercial sources of gelatin. However, unclear information and labeling regarding the actual sources of gelatin in food and pharmaceutical products have become the main concern in halal authenticity issue since porcine consumption is prohibited for Muslims. Hence, numerous analytical methods involving chemical and chemometric analysis have been developed to identify the sources of gelatin. Chemical analysis techniques such as biochemical, chromatography, electrophoretic, and spectroscopic are usually combined with chemometric and mathematical methods such as principal component analysis, cluster, discriminant, and Fourier transform analysis for the gelatin classification. A sample result from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, which combines Fourier transform and spectroscopic technique, is included in this paper. This paper presents an overview of chemical and chemometric methods involved in identification of different types of gelatin, which is important for halal authentication purposes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  2. Fulltext Synthesis of silver nanoparticles in chitosan, gelatin and chitosan/gelatin bionanocomposites by a chemical reducing agent and their characterization
    Bin Ahmad M, Lim JJ, Shameli K, Ibrahim NA, Tay MY
    Molecules, 2011 Aug 25;16(9):7237-48.
    PMID: 21869751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16097237
    In this research, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized in chitosan (Cts), Cts/gelatin and gelatin suspensions using a chemical reducing agent. Cts and gelatin were used as natural stabilizers and solid support, whereas AgNO(3) was used as the silver precursor. Sodium borohydride (NaBH(4)) was used as the reducing agent. The properties of AgNPs in Cts, Cts/gelatin and gelatin bionanocomposites (BNCs) were studied in terms of their surface plasmon resonance, crystalline structure, average diameter size, particle distributions, surface topography and functional groups. All the samples were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  3. Fulltext Preparation of astaxanthin nanodispersions using gelatin-based stabilizer systems
    Anarjan N, Nehdi IA, Sbihi HM, Al-Resayes SI, Malmiri HJ, Tan CP
    Molecules, 2014 Sep 10;19(9):14257-65.
    PMID: 25211006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190914257
    The incorporation of lipophilic nutrients, such as astaxanthin (a fat soluble carotenoid) in nanodispersion systems can either increase the water solubility, stability and bioavailability or widen their applications in aqueous food and pharmaceutical formulations. In this research, gelatin and its combinations with sucrose oleate as a small molecular emulsifier, sodium caseinate (SC) as a protein and gum Arabic as a polysaccharide were used as stabilizer systems in the formation of astaxanthin nanodispersions via an emulsification-evaporation process. The results indicated that the addition of SC to gelatin in the stabilizer system could increase the chemical stability of astaxanthin nanodispersions significantly, while using a mixture of gelatin and sucrose oleate as a stabilizer led to production of nanodispersions with the smallest particle size (121.4±8.6 nm). It was also shown that a combination of gelatin and gum Arabic could produce optimal astaxanthin nanodispersions in terms of physical stability (minimum polydispersity index (PDI) and maximum zeta-potential). This study demonstrated that the mixture of surface active compounds showed higher emulsifying and stabilizing functionality compared to using them individually in the preparation of astaxanthin nanodispersions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  4. Salmon skin gelatin-corn zein composite films produced via crosslinking with glutaraldehyde: Optimization using response surface methodology and characterization
    Fan HY, Duquette D, Dumont MJ, Simpson BK
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2018 Dec;120(Pt A):263-273.
    PMID: 30130612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.084
    Composite films comprised of salmon (Salmo salar) skin gelatin and zein were prepared via crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize film composition to maximize tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB), and to minimize water solubility (WS) of the films. The significant (P gelatin-zein composite film was successfully crosslinked after the addition of glutaraldehyde, with the formation of crosslinked networks between proteins and a denser packed organization of proteins. Consequently, the resultant crosslinked composite film exhibited improvement on light transparency, water resistance and mechanical strength as a function of increasing humidity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  5. Fulltext Effects of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction in Conjugation with Aid of Actinidin on the Molecular and Physicochemical Properties of Bovine Hide Gelatin
    Ahmad T, Ismail A, Ahmad SA, Khalil KA, Leo TK, Awad EA, et al.
    Molecules, 2018 Mar 22;23(4).
    PMID: 29565325 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040730
    Actinidin was used to pretreat the bovine hide and ultrasonic wave (53 kHz and 500 W) was used for the time durations of 2, 4 and 6 h at 60 °C to extract gelatin samples (UA2, UA4 and UA6, respectively). Control (UAC) gelatin was extracted using ultrasound for 6 h at 60 °C without enzyme pretreatment. There was significant (p < 0.05) increase in gelatin yield as the time duration of ultrasound treatment increased with UA6 giving the highest yield of 19.65%. Gel strength and viscosity of UAC and UA6 extracted gelatin samples were 627.53 and 502.16 g and 16.33 and 15.60 mPa.s, respectively. Longer duration of ultrasound treatment increased amino acids content of the extracted gelatin and UAC exhibited the highest content of amino acids. Progressive degradation of polypeptide chains was observed in the protein pattern of the extracted gelatin as the time duration of ultrasound extraction increased. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy depicted loss of molecular order and degradation in UA6. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed protein aggregation and network formation in the gelatin samples with increasing time of ultrasound treatment. The study indicated that ultrasound assisted gelatin extraction using actinidin exhibited high yield with good quality gelatin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry
  6. Development of gelatin microspheres loaded with diclofenac sodium for intra-articular administration
    Saravanan M, Bhaskar K, Maharajan G, Pillai KS
    J Drug Target, 2011 Feb;19(2):96-103.
    PMID: 20380621 DOI: 10.3109/10611861003733979
    We have previously reported on the targeting of diclofenac sodium in joint inflammation using gelatin magnetic microspheres. To overcome complications in the administration of magnetic microspheres and achieve higher targeting efficiency, the present work focuses on the formulation of gelatin microspheres for intra-articular administration. Drug-loaded microspheres were prepared by the emulsification/cross-linking method, characterized by drug loading, size distribution, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), gas chromatography, and in vitro release studies. The targeting efficiency of microspheres was studied in vivo in rabbits. The microspheres showed drug loading of 9.8, 18.3, and 26.7% w/w with an average size range of 37-46 µm, depending upon the drug-polymer ratio. They were spherical in nature and free from surface drug as evidenced by the SEM photographs. FT-IR, DSC, and XRD revealed the absence of drug-polymer interaction and amorphous nature of entrapped drug. Gas chromatography confirms the absences of residual glutaraldehyde. The formulated microspheres could prolong the drug release up to 30 days in vitro. About 81.2 and 43.7% of administered drug in the microspheres were recovered from the target joint after 1 and 7 days of postintra-articular injection, respectively, revealing good targeting efficiency.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry
  7. Chitosan, gelatin and methylcellulose films incorporated with tannic acid for food packaging
    Halim ALA, Kamari A, Phillip E
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2018 Dec;120(Pt A):1119-1126.
    PMID: 30176328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.169
    In this work, chitosan, gelatin and methylcellulose films incorporated with tannic acid (TA) were synthesised, characterised and applied for the first time to preserve cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) and grapes (Vitis vinifera). The addition of TA at 15% (w/w) increased the transparency value of biopolymer films. The highest increment of transparency value was obtained for MC-TA film, increased from 0.572 to 4.73 A/mm. Based on antimicrobial study, the addition of TA improved the antibacterial properties of biopolymers against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The ability of films to preserve both fruits was evaluated in a 14-day preservation study. The application of biopolymer films treated with TA has decreased the weight loss and browning index of fruits, as compared to control films. A significant reduction in the weight loss of cherry tomatoes wrapped with chitosan (from 21.3 to 19.6%), gelatin (from 22.1 to 15.5%) and methylcellulose (26.2 to 20.5%) films were obtained following TA treatment. Overall, results obtained from this study highlight the effects of TA on physiochemical properties of biopolymer films and their ability to preserve fruits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  8. Fulltext Solubility of drugs in aqueous polymeric solution: effect of ovalbumin on microencapsulation process
    Aziz HA, Tan YT, Peh KK
    AAPS PharmSciTech, 2012 Mar;13(1):35-45.
    PMID: 22101965 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-011-9707-x
    Microencapsulation of water-soluble drugs using coacervation-phase separation method is very challenging, as these drugs partitioned into the aqueous polymeric solution, resulting in poor drug entrapment. For evaluating the effect of ovalbumin on the microencapsulation of drugs with different solubility, pseudoephedrine HCl, verapamil HCl, propranolol HCl, paracetamol, and curcuminoid were used. In addition, drug mixtures comprising of paracetamol and pseudoephedrine HCl were also studied. The morphology, encapsulation efficiency, particle size, and in vitro release profile were investigated. The results showed that the solubility of the drug determined the ratio of ovalbumin to be used for successful microencapsulation. The optimum ratios of drug, ovalbumin, and gelatin for water-soluble (pseudoephedrine HCl, verapamil HCl, and propranolol HCl), sparingly water-soluble (paracetamol), and water-insoluble (curcuminoid) drugs were found to be 1:1:2, 2:3:5, and 1:3:4. As for the drug mixture, the optimum ratio of drug, ovalbumin, and gelatin was 2:3:5. Encapsulated particles prepared at the optimum ratios showed high yield, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and sustained release profiles. The solubility of drug affected the particle size of the encapsulated particle. Highly soluble drugs resulted in smaller particle size. In conclusion, addition of ovalbumin circumvented the partitioning effect, leading to the successful microencapsulation of water-soluble drugs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry
  9. An injectable poly(caprolactone trifumarate-gelatin microparticles) (PCLTF-GMPs) scaffold for irregular bone defects: Physical and mechanical characteristics
    Al-Namnam NM, Kutty MG, Chai WL, Ha KO, Kim KH, Siar CH, et al.
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2017 Mar 01;72:332-340.
    PMID: 28024594 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.086
    Recently, a modified form of a three-dimension (3D) porous poly(caprolactone-trifumarate) (PCLTF) scaffold has been produced using a fabrication technique that involves gelatin microparticles porogen leaching. This poly(caprolactone trifumarate-gelatin microparticles) (PCLTF-GMPs) scaffold has been shown to be biocompatible, more flowable clinically, and has a shorter degradation time as compared to its existing predecessors. In this report, a detailed characterization of this new scaffold was performed by testing its cytocompatibility, analyzing the surface topography, and understanding its thermal, physical and mechanical properties. The result showed that the PCLTF-GMPs has no critical cytotoxic effect. To confirm improvement, the surface properties were compared against the older version of PCLTF fabricated using salt porogen leaching. This PCLTF-GMPs scaffold showed no significant difference (unpaired t-test; p>0.05) in mechanical properties before and after gelatin leaching. However, it is mechanically weaker when compared to its predecessors. It has a high biodegradability rate of 16weeks. The pore size produced ranges from 40 to 300μm, and the RMS roughness is 613.7±236.9nm. These characteristics are condusive for osteoblast in-growth, as observed by the extension of filopodia across the macropores. Overall, this newly produced material has good thermal, physical and mechanical properties that complements its biocompatibility and ease of use.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  10. Characterisation of electrospun gelatine nanofibres encapsulated with Moringa oleifera bioactive extract
    Hani NM, Torkamani AE, Azarian MH, Mahmood KW, Ngalim SH
    J Sci Food Agric, 2017 Aug;97(10):3348-3358.
    PMID: 27981649 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8185
    BACKGROUND: Drumstick (Moringa oleifera) leaves have been used as a folk herbal medicine across many cultures since ancient times. This is most probably due to presence of phytochemicals possessing antioxidant properties, which could retard oxidative stress, and their degenerative effect. The current study deals with nanoencapsulation of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf ethanolic extract within fish sourced gelatine matrix using electrospinning technique.

    RESULTS: The total phenolic and flavonoid content, radical scavenging (IC50 ) and metal reducing properties were 67.0 ± 2.5 mg GAE g-1 sample 32.0 ± 0.5 mg QE g-1 extract, 0.08 ± 0.01 mg mL-1 and 510 ± 10 µmol eq Fe(II) g-1 extract, respectively. Morphological and spectroscopic analysis of the fibre mats confirmed successful nanoencapsulation of MO extract within defect free nanofibres via electrospinning process. The percentage encapsulation efficiency (EE) was between 80% and 85%. Furthermore, thermal stability of encapsulated fibres, especially at 3% and 5% of core loading content, was significantly improved. Toxicological analysis revealed that the extract in its original and encapsulated form was safe for oral consumption.

    CONCLUSION: Overall, the present study showed the potential of ambient temperature electrospinning process as a safe nanoencapsulation method, where MO extract retained its antioxidative capacities. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  11. Gelatine enhances drug dispersion in alginate bilayer film via the formation of crystalline microaggregates
    Thu HE, Ng SF
    Int J Pharm, 2013 Sep 15;454(1):99-106.
    PMID: 23856162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.06.082
    In our previous study, a novel alginate-based bilayer film for slow-release wound dressings was successfully developed. We found that alginate alone yielded poor films; however, the addition of gelatine had significantly enhanced the drug dispersion as well as the physical properties. Here, an investigation of the drug-polymer interactions in the bilayer films was carried out. Drug content uniformity test and microscopy observation revealed that the addition of gelatine generated bilayer films with a homogenous drug distribution within the matrix. The FTIR and XRD data showed an increase in film crystallinity which might infer the presence of drug-polymer crystalline microaggregates in the films. DSC confirmed the drug-polymer interaction and indicated that the gelatine has no effect on the thermal behaviour of the microaggregates, suggesting the compatibility of the drug and excipients in the bilayer films. In conclusion, the addition of gelatine can promote homogenous dispersion of hydrophobic drugs in alginate films possibly through the formation of crystalline microaggregates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  12. Pluronic-F127 composite film loaded with erythromycin for wound application: formulation, physicomechanical and in vitro evaluations
    Alavi T, Rezvanian M, Ahmad N, Mohamad N, Ng SF
    Drug Deliv Transl Res, 2019 04;9(2):508-519.
    PMID: 29181832 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0450-z
    Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. Composite films were solvent cast by blending PL with PC or GL in different ratios using glycerol (2.5%) as plasticizer. Erythromycin (ER) (0.1%) was incorporated in films as model hydrophobic antibiotic. The optimized composite films were characterized for physical appearance, morphology, mechanical profile, and thermal behavior. In addition, drug release, antibacterial activity, and cytocompatibility of the films were investigated to assess their potential as drug delivery system. The composite films exhibited excellent wound dressing characters in terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile. Moreover, ER-loaded composite films released ER in controlled manner, exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and were non-toxic to human skin fibroblast. These findings demonstrate that these composite films hold the potential to be formulated as antibacterial wound dressing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry
  13. Hydroxyproline determination for initial detection of halal-critical food ingredients (gelatin and collagen)
    Yuswan MH, A Jalil NH, Mohamad H, Keso S, Mohamad NA, Tengku Md Yusoff TS, et al.
    Food Chem, 2021 Feb 01;337:127762.
    PMID: 32777563 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127762
    Gelatin and collagen are considered halal-critical ingredients as they are typically derived from either bovine or porcine animals. Current analytical methods for determining the sources of gelatin and collagen suffer from limitations in terms of robustness and false positives in peptide matching. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the utility of monitoring hydroxyproline, a signature amino acid for gelatin and collagen, for identifying potentially haram foodstuffs. To determine the hydroxyproline profiles among animal- and plant-based samples, one-way univariate analysis of variance followed by pair-wise comparison was used to establish statistical significance. Multivariate chemometric analysis through principal component analysis revealed a discrete distribution pattern among 59 samples due to hydroxyproline variability. Finally, inter- and intra-laboratory comparisons demonstrated the validity and robustness of hydroxyproline determination according to ISO 17025. Thus, this preliminary identification technique will aid the identification of potentially haram foodstuffs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry
  14. Preparation and characterization of a novel biocomposite based on duck feet gelatin as alternative to bovine gelatin
    Abedinia A, Ariffin F, Huda N, Mohammadi Nafchi A
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2018 Apr 01;109:855-862.
    PMID: 29133087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.051
    Edible duck feet gelatin (DFG)-based biocomposites with different glycerol (GLY) contents (15%, 25%, and 35% of dried DFG) were prepared. Physicochemical, mechanical, barrier, and heat seal properties of DFG films were characterized and compared as an alternative to bovine gelatin film. Increasing glycerol from 15 to 35% decreased the TS and YM and EB and HS increased, in value of 42.54-7.27 and 1240-157.10MPa and 22.82-50.33% and 42.06-347.15N/m respectively. The water vapor permeability (WVP) and oxygen permeability (OP) of films were increased from 4.78 to 5.6×10-11gm-1Pa-1s-1 and from 3.97 to 33.99cm3mμ/m2 d kPa respectively. GAB model estimations showed monolayer water content of films increased with the increase of plasticizer content. Moisture sorption isotherm modelling exhibited a type II BET classification. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra showed shifted peak at approximately 1024cm-1, which was related to glycerol. The results show that the properties of DFG film are suitable for use as an alternative material to bovine gelatin film.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  15. Fabrication and preliminary in vitro evaluation of ultraviolet-crosslinked electrospun fish scale gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds
    Beishenaliev A, Lim SS, Tshai KY, Khiew PS, Moh'd Sghayyar HN, Loh HS
    J Mater Sci Mater Med, 2019 May 24;30(6):62.
    PMID: 31127374 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6264-4
    This study aimed to explore a potential use of fish scale-derived gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds (GNS) in tissue engineering due to their biological and economical merits. Extraction of gelatin was achieved via decalcification, sonication and lyophilization of mixed fish scales. To fabricate nano-scale architecture of scaffolds analogous to natural extracellular matrix, gelatin was rendered into nanofibrous matrices through 6-h electrospinning, resulting in the average diameter of 48 ± 12 nm. In order to improve the water-resistant ability while retaining their biocompatibility, GNS were physically crosslinked with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for 5 min (UGN5), 10 min (UGN10) and 20 min (UGN20). On average, the diameter of nanofibers increased by 3 folds after crosslinking, however, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that no major alterations occurred in the functional groups of gelatin. A degradation assay showed that UGN5 and UGN10 scaffolds remained in minimum essential medium for 14 days, while UGN20 scaffolds degraded completely after 10 days. All UGN scaffolds promoted adhesion and proliferation of human keratinocytes, HaCaT, without causing an apparent cytotoxicity. UGN5 scaffolds were shown to stimulate a better growth of HaCaT cells compared to other scaffolds upon 1 day of incubation, whereas UGN20 had a long-term effect on cells exhibiting 25% higher cell proliferation than positive control after 7 days. In the wound scratch assay, UGN5 scaffolds induced a rapid cell migration closing up to 79% of an artificial wound within 24 h. The current findings provide a new insight of UGN scaffolds to serve as wound dressings in the future. In the wound scratch assay, UGN5 induced a rapid cell migration closing up to 79% of an artificial wound within 24 h.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  16. Enhanced hydrophobic interaction between fish (Cyprinus carpio L.) scale gelatin and curcumin: Mechanism study
    Li H, Wan Mustapha WA, Tian G, Dong N, Zhao F, Zhang X, et al.
    Food Chem, 2024 Jan 15;431:137102.
    PMID: 37579608 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137102
    To enhance the solubility of hydrophobic nutrients, the hydrophobicity of fish scale gelatin hydrolysate (FSGH) was increased with moderate acid or alkali hydrolysis. Acid-induced FSG hydrolysate (AcFSGH) at 3 h showed a superior curcumin loading efficiency (18.30 ± 0.38 μg/mL) among all FSGHs. Compared with FSG, the proportion of hydrophobic amino acids (from 41.1% to 46.4%) and the hydrophobic interaction (from 12.72 to 20.10 mg/mL) was significantly increased in the AcFSGH. Meanwhile, the transformation of the α-helix (from 12.8% to 4.9%) to the β-sheet (from 29.0% to 42.8%) was also observed in the AcFSGH. Based on the observation in the molecular weight and morphological analysis, AcFSGH acquired the best hydrophobic interaction with curcumin, presumably due to the formation of the flexible structure of the linear hydrolyzates. The above results call for an investigation of the role of FSG hydrolysate in the synthesis of nanoparticles loaded with bioactive lipophilic compounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry
  17. Functional properties of dually modified sago starch/κ-carrageenan films: An alternative to gelatin in pharmaceutical capsules
    Oladzadabbasabadi N, Ebadi S, Mohammadi Nafchi A, Karim AA, Kiahosseini SR
    Carbohydr Polym, 2017 Mar 15;160:43-51.
    PMID: 28115099 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.12.042
    The aim of this study was development a composite film based on sago starch and κ-carrageenan to find a gelatin alternative in the pharmaceutical capsules processing. Hydrolyzed-Hydroxypropylated (dually modified) sago starch was mixed with κ-carrageenan (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1%). The drying kinetics, thermomechanical, physicochemical, and barrier properties of composite films were estimated and compared with bovine gelatin. Results show that drying kinetics and mechanical properties of the composite films were comparable to those of gelatin. The water vapor permeability and moisture content of the composite films were lower than those of gelatin. The solubility of the composite films was higher than that of gelatin, and the composite films were more stable at higher relative humidity than were the gelatin films. These results show that dually modified sago starch in combination with κ-carrageenan has properties similar to those of gelatin, thus proposed system can be used in pharmaceutical capsules processes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry
  18. Effects of κ-carrageenan on rheological properties of dually modified sago starch: Towards finding gelatin alternative for hard capsules
    Fakharian MH, Tamimi N, Abbaspour H, Mohammadi Nafchi A, Karim AA
    Carbohydr Polym, 2015 Nov 5;132:156-63.
    PMID: 26256336 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.033
    Composite sago starch-based system was developed and characterized with the aim to find an alternative to gelatin in the processing of pharmaceutical capsules. Dually modified (Hydrolyzed-Hydroxypropylated) sago starches were combined with κ-carrageenan (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1%). The rheological properties of the proposed composite system were measured and compared with gelatin as reference material. Results show that combination of HHSS12 (Hydrolysed-hydroxypropylated sago starch at 12h) with 0.5% κ-carrageenan was comparable to gelatin rheological behavior in pharmaceutical capsule processing. The solution viscosity at 50 °C and sol-gel transition of the proposed composite system were comparable to those of gelatin. The viscoelastic moduli (G' and G") for the proposed system were lower than those of gelatin. These results illustrate that by manipulation of the constituents of sago starch-based composite system, a suitable alternative to gelatin can be produced with comparable properties and this could find potential application in pharmaceutical capsule industry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  19. Comparison of physicochemical and functional properties of duck feet and bovine gelatins
    Kuan YH, Nafchi AM, Huda N, Ariffin F, Karim AA
    J Sci Food Agric, 2017 Mar;97(5):1663-1671.
    PMID: 27465360 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7970
    BACKGROUND: Previous studies have indicated that duck feet are a rich source of gelatin extractable from avian sources. In this study, the physicochemical and functional properties of avian gelatin extracted from duck feet (DFG) with acetic acid were compared with those of commercial bovine gelatin (BG).

    RESULTS: The yield of DFG obtained in this study was 7.01 ± 0.31%. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated that the imino acid content was slightly lower for DFG compared with BG (P < 0.05). Differences in molecular size and amino acids between DFG and BG were also observed. The isoelectric points of DFG and BG were at pH 8 and 5 respectively, and the overall protein solubility of BG was higher than that of DFG. Gels prepared from BG exhibited higher bloom strength, viscosity and clarity and were darker in colour compared with DFG gels (P < 0.05). The gelling and melting points of BG were 21.8 and 29.47 °C respectively, while those of DFG were 20.5 and 27.8 °C respectively. BG exhibited slightly better emulsifying and foaming properties compared with DFG.

    CONCLUSION: Although some differences between DFG and BG were observed, the disparities were small, which indicates that DFG could be exploited commercially as an alternative source of gelatin. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry*
  20. Fulltext Enhanced gastrointestinal survivability of recombinant Lactococcus lactis using a double coated mucoadhesive film approach
    Tan EW, Tan KY, Phang LV, Kumar PV, In LLA
    PLoS One, 2019;14(7):e0219912.
    PMID: 31335895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219912
    Vaccine administration via the oral route is preferable to parenteral routes due to ease of administration. To date, most available oral vaccines comprises of live attenuated pathogens as oppose to peptide-based vaccines due to its low bioavailability within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Over the years, probiotic-based peptide delivery vehicles comprising of lactic acid bacteria such as Lactococcus lactis has emerged as an interesting alternative due to its generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status, a fully sequenced genome, transient gut colonization time, and is an efficient cellular factory for heterologous protein production. However, its survivability through the GI tract is low, thus better delivery approaches are being explored to improve its bioavailability. In this study, we employ the incorporation of a double coated mucoadhesive film consisting of sodium alginate and Lycoat RS 720 film as the inner coat. The formulated film exhibits good mechanical properties of tensile strength and percent elongation for manipulation and handling with an entrapment yield of 93.14±2.74%. The formulated mucoadhesive film is subsequently loaded into gelatin capsules with an outer enteric Eudragit L100-55 coating capable of a pH-dependent breakdown above pH 5.5 to protect against gastric digestion. The final product and unprotected controls were subjected to in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestions to assess its survivability. The product demonstrated enhanced protection with an increase of 69.22±0.67% (gastric) and 40.61±8.23% (intestinal) survivability compared to unprotected controls after 6 hours of sequential digestion. This translates to a 3.5 fold increase in overall survivability. Owing to this, the proposed oral delivery system has shown promising potential as a live gastrointestinal vaccine delivery host. Further studies involving in vivo gastrointestinal survivability and mice immunization tests are currently being carried out to assess the efficacy of this novel oral delivery system in comparison to parenteral routes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gelatin/chemistry
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links