Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 1559 in total

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  1. Roslan HA, Anji SB
    3 Biotech, 2011 Jul;1(1):27-33.
    PMID: 22558533
    Chitinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of chitin, commonly induced upon the attack of pathogens and other stresses. A cDNA (MsChi1) was isolated from Metroxylon sagu and expressed predominantly in the inflorescence tissue of M. sagu, suggesting its role in developmental processes. The chitinase cDNA was detected and isolated via differential display and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Primers specific to M. saguchitinase were used as probes to amplify the 3'-end and 5'-end regions of chitinase cDNA. Transcript analysis showed that chitinase is expressed in inflorescence and meristem tissues but was not detected in the leaf tissue. Sequence analysis of amplified cDNA fragments of 3'-end and 5'-end regions indicated that the chitinase cDNA was successfully amplified. The M. saguchitinase cDNA isolated was approximately 1,143 bp long and corresponds to 312 predicted amino acids. Alignments of nucleotide and amino acid have grouped this chitinase to family 19 class I chitinase.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Profiling
  2. Yip WK, Choo CW, Leong VC, Leong PP, Jabar MF, Seow HF
    APMIS, 2013 Oct;121(10):954-66.
    PMID: 23992303 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12152
    Molecular alterations in KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and PTEN have been implicated in designing targeted therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study aimed to determine the status of these molecular alterations in Malaysian CRCs as such data are not available in the literature. We investigated the mutations of KRAS, BRAF, and PTEN, the gene amplification of PIK3CA, and the protein expression of PTEN and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit (p110α) by direct DNA sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry, respectively, in 49 CRC samples. The frequency of KRAS (codons 12, 13, and 61), BRAF (V600E), and PTEN mutations, and PIK3CA amplification was 25.0% (11/44), 2.3% (1/43), 0.0% (0/43), and 76.7% (33/43), respectively. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated loss of PTEN protein in 54.5% (24/44) of CRCs and no significant difference in PI3K p110α expression between CRCs and the adjacent normal colonic mucosa (p = 0.380). PIK3CA amplification was not associated with PI3K p110α expression level, but associated with male cases (100% of male cases vs 56% of female cases harbored amplified PIK3CA, p = 0.002). PI3K p110α expression was significantly higher (p = 0.041) in poorly/moderately differentiated carcinoma compared with well-differentiated carcinoma. KRAS mutation, PIK3CA amplification, PTEN loss, and PI3K p110α expression did not correlate with Akt phosphorylation or Ki-67 expression. KRAS mutation, PIK3CA amplification, and PTEN loss were not mutually exclusive. This is the first report on CRC in Malaysia showing comparable frequency of KRAS mutation and PTEN loss, lower BRAF mutation rate, higher PIK3CA amplification frequency, and rare PTEN mutation, as compared with published reports.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  3. Avicor SW, Wajidi MF, Jaal Z, Yahaya ZS
    Acta Biochim. Pol., 2016;63(2):243-6.
    PMID: 27059016 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2014_909
    Septins belong to GTPases that are involved in vital cellular activities, including cytokinesis. Although present in many organisms, they are yet to be isolated from Aedes albopictus. This study reports for the first time on a serendipitous isolation of a partial septin sequence from Ae. albopictus and its developmental expression profile. The Ae. albopictus partial septin sequence contains 591 nucleotides encoding 197 amino acids. It shares homology with several insect septin genes and has a close phylogenetic relationship with Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus septins. The Ae. albopictus septin fragment was differentially expressed in the mosquito's developmental stages, with an increased expression in the adults.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
  4. Mohd-Sharif N, Shaibullah S, Givajothi V, Tan CS, Ho KL, Teh AH, et al.
    Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun, 2017 02 01;73(Pt 2):109-115.
    PMID: 28177322 DOI: 10.1107/S2053230X17001212
    TylP is one of five regulatory proteins involved in the regulation of antibiotic (tylosin) production, morphological and physiological differentiation in Streptomyces fradiae. Its function is similar to those of various γ-butyrolactone receptor proteins. In this report, N-terminally His-tagged recombinant TylP protein (rTylP) was overproduced in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. The rTylP protein was crystallized from a reservoir solution comprising 34%(v/v) ethylene glycol and 5%(v/v) glycerol. The protein crystals diffracted X-rays to 3.05 Å resolution and belonged to the trigonal space group P3121, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 126.62, c = 95.63 Å.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression
  5. Jaafar NR, Littler D, Beddoe T, Rossjohn J, Illias RM, Mahadi NM, et al.
    Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun, 2016 11 01;72(Pt 11):831-839.
    PMID: 27827354
    Fuculose-1-phosphate aldolase (FucA) catalyses the reversible cleavage of L-fuculose 1-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and L-lactaldehyde. This enzyme from mesophiles and thermophiles has been extensively studied; however, there is no report on this enzyme from a psychrophile. In this study, the gene encoding FucA from Glaciozyma antarctica PI12 (GaFucA) was cloned and the enzyme was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, purified and crystallized. The tetrameric structure of GaFucA was determined to 1.34 Å resolution. The overall architecture of GaFucA and its catalytically essential histidine triad are highly conserved among other fuculose aldolases. Comparisons of structural features between GaFucA and its mesophilic and thermophilic homologues revealed that the enzyme has typical psychrophilic attributes, indicated by the presence of a high number of nonpolar residues at the surface and a lower number of arginine residues.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression
  6. Singh A, Lal B, Parhar IS, Millar RP
    Acta Histochem, 2021 Sep;123(6):151766.
    PMID: 34384940 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151766
    The central role of kisspeptin (kiss) in mammalian reproduction is well established; however, its intra-gonadal role is poorly addressed. Moreover, studies investigating intra-gonadal role of kiss in fish reproduction are scanty, contradictory and inconclusive. The expression of kiss1 mRNA has been detected in the fish brain, and functionally attributed to the regulation of reproduction, feeding and behavior. The kiss1 mRNA has also been demonstrated in tissues other than the brain in some studies, but its cellular distribution and role at the tissue level have not been adequately addressed in fish. Therefore, an attempt was made in the present study to localize kiss1 in gonadal cells of the freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus. This study reports the presence of kiss1 in the theca cells and granulosa cells of the ovarian oocytes and interstitial cells in the testis of the catfish. The role of kiss1 in the ovary and testis of the catfish was also investigated using kiss1 receptor (kiss1r) antagonist (p234). The p234 treatment decreased the production of 17β-estradiol in ovary and testosterone in the testis by lowering the activities of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase under both, in vivo as well as in vitro conditions. The p234 treatment also arrested the progression of oogenesis, as evident from the low number of advancing/advanced oocytes in the treated ovary in comparison to the control ovary. It also reduced the area and perimeter of the seminiferous tubules in the treated catfish testis. Thus, our findings suggest that kiss is involved in the regulation of gonadal steroidogenesis, independent of known endocrine/ autocrine/ paracine regulators, and thereby it accelerates gametogenic processes in the freshwater catfish.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation*
  7. Mirakholi M, Mahmoudi T, Heidari M
    Acta Med Iran, 2013;51(12):823-9.
    PMID: 24442535
    In the retinoblastoma research, it is of great interest to identify molecular markers associated with the genetics of tumorigenesis. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that play a regulatory role in many crucial cellular pathways such as differentiation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. A body of evidences showed dysregulation of miRNAs in tumor biology and many diseases. They potentially play a significant role in tumorigenesis processes and have been the subject of research in many types of cancers including retinal tumorigenesis. miRNA expression profiling was found to be associated with tumor development, progression and treatment. These associations demonstrate the putative applications of miRNAs in monitoring of different aspect of tumors consisting diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic. Herein, we review the current literature concerning to the study of miRNA target recognition, function to tumorigenesis and treatment in retinoblastoma. Identification the specific miRNA biomarkers associated with retinoblastoma cancer may help to establish new therapeutic approaches for salvage affected eyes in patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Profiling
  8. Shafiee MN, Mongan N, Seedhouse C, Chapman C, Deen S, Abu J, et al.
    Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 2017 May;96(5):556-562.
    PMID: 28176325 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13106
    INTRODUCTION: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have a three-fold higher risk of endometrial cancer. Insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia may be pertinent factors in the pathogenesis of both conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate endometrial sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 gene expression in polycystic ovary syndrome and endometrial cancer endometrium, and to correlate endometrial sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 gene expression with serum lipid profiles.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed at Nottingham University Hospital, UK. A total of 102 women (polycystic ovary syndrome, endometrial cancer and controls; 34 participants in each group) were recruited. Clinical and biochemical assessments were performed before endometrial biopsies were obtained from all participants. Taqman real-time polymerase chain reaction for endometrial sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 gene and its systemic protein expression were analyzed.

    RESULTS: The body mass indices of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (29.28 ± 2.91 kg/m(2) ) and controls (28.58 ± 2.62 kg/m(2) ) were not significantly different. Women with endometrial cancer had a higher mean body mass index (32.22 ± 5.70 kg/m(2) ). Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 gene expression was significantly increased in polycystic ovary syndrome and endometrial cancer endometrium compared with controls (p gene expression was positively correlated with body mass index (r = 0.017, p = 0.921) and waist-hip ratio (r = 0.023, p = 0.544) in polycystic ovary syndrome, but this was not statistically significant. Similarly, statistically insignificant positive correlations were found between endometrial sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 gene expression and body mass index in endometrial cancer (r = 0.643, p = 0.06) and waist-hip ratio (r = 0.096, p = 0.073). Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 gene expression was significantly positively correlated with triglyceride in both polycystic ovary syndrome and endometrial cancer (p = 0.028 and p = 0.027, respectively). Quantitative serum sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 gene correlated with endometrial gene expression (p gene expression is significantly increased in the endometrium of women with polycystic ovary syndrome and women with endometrial cancer compared with controls and positively correlates with serum triglyceride in both polycystic ovary syndrome and endometrial cancer.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  9. Goh BS, Che Omar SN, Ubaidah MA, Saim L, Sulaiman S, Chua KH
    Acta Otolaryngol, 2017 Apr;137(4):432-441.
    PMID: 27900891 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2016.1257151
    CONCLUSION: In conclusion, these result showed HADSCs could differentiate into chondrocytes-like cells, dependent on signaling induced by TGF-β3 and chondrocytes. This is a promising result and showed that HADSCs is a potential source for future microtia repair. The technique of co-culture is a positive way forward to assist the microtia tissue.

    OBJECTIVE: Reconstructive surgery for the repair of microtia still remains the greatest challenge among the surgeons. Its repair is associated with donor-site morbidity and the degree of infection is inevitable when using alloplastic prosthesis with uncertain long-term durability. Thus, human adipose derived stem cells (HADSCs) can be an alternative cell source for cartilage regeneration. This study aims to evaluate the chondrogenic potential of HADSCs cultured with transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and interaction of auricular chondrocytes with HADSCs for new cartilage generation.

    METHODS: Multi-lineages differentiation features of HADSCs were monitored by Alcian Blue, Alizarin Red, and Oil Red O staining for chondrogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic differentiation capacity, respectively. Further, HADSCs alone were culture in medium added with TGF-β3; and human auricular chondrocytes were interacted indirectly in the culture with and without TGF-βs for up to 21 days, respectively. Cell morphology and chondrogenesis were monitored by inverted microscope. For cell viability, Alamar Blue assay was used to measure the cell viability and the changes in gene expression of auricular chondrocyte markers were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. For the induction of chondrogenic differentiation, HADSCs showed a feature of aggregation and formed a dense matrix of proteoglycans. Staining results from Alizirin Red and Oil Red O indicated the HADSCs also successfully differentiated into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages after 21 days.

    RESULTS: According to a previous study, HADSCs were strongly positive for the mesenchymal markers CD90, CD73, CD44, CD9, and histocompatibility antigen. The results showed HADSCs test groups (cultured with TGF-β3) displayed chondrocytes-like cells morphology with typical lacunae structure compared to the control group without TGF-β3 after 2 weeks. Additionally, the HADSCs test groups increased in cell viability; an increase in expression of chondrocytes-specific genes (collagen type II, aggrecan core protein, SOX 9 and elastin) compared to the control. This study found that human auricular chondrocytes cells and growth factor had a positive influence in inducing HADSCs chondrogenic effects, in terms of chondrogenic differentiate of feature, increase of cell viability, and up-regulated expression of chondrogenic genes.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression
  10. Gan CS, Yusof R, Othman S
    Acta Trop, 2015 Sep;149:8-14.
    PMID: 25981524 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.05.005
    Dengue virus (DV) infection demonstrates an intriguing virus-induced intracellular membrane alteration that results in the augmentation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted antigen presentation. As oppose to its biological function in attracting CD8(+) T-cells, this phenomenon appears to facilitate the immune evasion. However, the molecular events that attribute to the dysregulation of the antigen presenting mechanism (APM) by DV remain obscure. In this study, we aimed to characterize the host cell APM upon infection with all serotypes of whole DV. Cellular RNA were isolated from infected cells and the gene expressions of LMP2, LMP7, TAP1, TAP2, TAPBP, CALR, CANX, PDIA3, HLA-A and HLA-B were analyzed via quantitative PCR. The profiles of the gene expression were further validated. We showed that all four DV serotypes modulate host APM at the proteasomal level with DV2 showing the most prominent expression profile.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation
  11. Eamsobhana P, Song SL, Yong HS, Prasartvit A, Boonyong S, Tungtrongchitr A
    Acta Trop, 2017 Jul;171:141-145.
    PMID: 28347653 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.03.020
    The rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a food-borne zoonotic parasite of public health importance worldwide. It is the primary etiologic agent of eosinophilic meningitis and eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in humans in many countries. It is highly endemic in Thailand especially in the northeast region. In this study, A. cantonensis adult worms recovered from the lungs of wild rats in different geographical regions/provinces in Thailand were used to determine their haplotype by means of the mitochondrial partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequence. The results revealed three additional COI haplotypes of A. cantonensis. The geographical isolates of A. cantonensis from Thailand and other countries formed a monophyletic clade distinct from the closely related A. malaysiensis. In the present study, distinct haplotypes were identified in seven regions of Thailand - AC10 in Phitsanulok (northern region), AC11 in Nakhon Phanom (northeastern region), AC15 in Trat (eastern region), AC16 in Chantaburi (eastern region), AC4 in Samut Prakan (central region), AC14 in Kanchanaburi (western region), and AC13 in Ranong (southern region). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these haplotypes formed distinct lineages. In general, the COI sequences did not differentiate the worldwide geographical isolates of A. cantonensis. This study has further confirmed the presence of COI haplotype diversity in various geographical isolates of A. cantonensis. The COI gene sequence will be a suitable marker for studying population structure, phylogeography and genetic diversity of the rat lungworm.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
  12. Loh HS, Mohd-Azmi ML
    Acta Virol., 2009;53(4):261-9.
    PMID: 19941390
    One-step real-time RT-PCR assay was developed for quantification of the immediate-early (IE), namely IE1 and IE2 transcripts of Rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV), strain ALL-03 in rat embryonic fibroblast cells (REF). This in-house SYBR Green I based RT-PCR was shown to have higher amplification efficiency and detection limit as compared to a commercially available real-time RT-PCR kit in quantifying these two transcripts. The quantification histogram revealed the divergence of transcription activities of the two IE genes. The IE1 transcript had a concentration peak at 7 hrs post infection (p.i.), whereas IE2 transcript at 20 hrs p.i. Regulation of IE expression is critical for determination, whether the infection is going to be abortive, lytic or latent. Therefore, this in-house developed quantitative RT-PCR assay offers an alternative for diagnosis and monitoring of the acute cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection directed at IE transcript detection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation, Viral*
  13. Wong SK, Tan WS, Omar AR, Tan CS, Yusoff K
    Acta Virol., 2009;53(1):35-41.
    PMID: 19301949
    Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) plays a vital role in the viral infectivity, host immunity, and disease diagnosis. A portion of the HN gene encoding the ectodomain (nt 142-1739) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli yielding an insoluble HN protein and a soluble NusA-HN protein containing N-utilization substance A (NusA) fusion component. Both recombinant proteins were purified and used for immunization of chickens. The recombinant HN protein induced higher antibody titers as compared to the recombinant NusA-HN protein. These antibodies were able to react in immunoblot analysis with the corresponding recombinant proteins as well as with the HN protein of NDV.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression
  14. Al-Talib H, Zuraina N, Kamarudin B, Yean CY
    Adv Clin Exp Med, 2015 Jan-Feb;24(1):121-7.
    PMID: 25923096 DOI: 10.17219/acem/38162
    The genus Enterococcus is of increasing significance as a cause of nosocomial infections, and this trend is exacerbated by the development of antibiotic resistance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression
  15. Sulaiman SA, Abdul Murad NA, Mohamad Hanif EA, Abu N, Jamal R
    Adv Exp Med Biol, 2018 9 28;1087:357-370.
    PMID: 30259380 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1426-1_28
    circRNAs have emerged as one of the key regulators in many cellular mechanisms and pathogenesis of diseases. However, with the limited knowledge and current technologies for circRNA investigations, there are several challenges that need to be addressed for. These include challenges in understanding the regulation of circRNA biogenesis, experimental designs, and sample preparations to characterize the circRNAs in diseases as well as the bioinformatics pipelines and algorithms. In this chapter, we discussed the above challenges and possible strategies to overcome those limitations. We also addressed the differences between the existing applications and technologies to study the circRNAs in diseases. By addressing these challenges, further understanding of circRNAs roles and regulations as well as the discovery of novel circRNAs could be achieved.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
  16. Awasthi R, Singh AK, Mishra G, Maurya A, Chellappan DK, Gupta G, et al.
    Adv Exp Med Biol, 2018 9 28;1087:3-14.
    PMID: 30259353 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1426-1_1
    Circular RNAs (cirRNAs) are long, noncoding endogenous RNA molecules and covalently closed continuous loop without 5'-3' polarity and polyadenylated tail which are largely concentrated in the nucleus. CirRNA regulates gene expression by modulating microRNAs and functions as potential biomarker. CirRNAs can translate in vivo to link between their expression and disease. They are resistant to RNA exonuclease and can convert to the linear RNA by microRNA which can then act as competitor to endogenous RNA. This chapter summarizes the evolutionary conservation and expression of cirRNAs, their identification, highlighting various computational approaches on cirRNA, and translation with a focus on the breakthroughs and the challenges in this new field.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
  17. Shanmugapriya, Huda HA, Vijayarathna S, Oon CE, Chen Y, Kanwar JR, et al.
    Adv Exp Med Biol, 2018 9 28;1087:95-105.
    PMID: 30259360 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1426-1_8
    Circular RNAs characterize a class of widespread and diverse endogenous RNAs which are non-coding RNAs that are made by back-splicing events and have covalently closed loops with no polyadenylated tails. Various indications specify that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are plentiful in the human transcriptome. However, their participation in biological processes remains mostly undescribed. To date thousands of circRNAs have been revealed in organisms ranging from Drosophila melanogaster to Homo sapiens. Functional studies specify that these transcripts control expression of protein-coding linear transcripts and thus encompass a key component of gene expression regulation. This chapter provide a comprehensive overview on functional validation of circRNAs. Furthermore, we discuss the recent modern methodologies for the functional validation of circRNAs such as RNA interference (RNAi) gene silencing assay, luciferase reporter assays, circRNA gain-of-function investigation via overexpression of circular transcript assay, RT-q-PCR quantification, and other latest applicable assays. The methods described in this chapter are demonstrated on the cellular model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation/genetics*
  18. Aizat WM, Ismail I, Noor NM
    Adv Exp Med Biol, 2018 11 2;1102:1-9.
    PMID: 30382565 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-98758-3_1
    The central dogma of molecular biology (DNA, RNA, protein and metabolite) has engraved our understanding of genetics in all living organisms. While the concept has been embraced for many decades, the development of high-throughput technologies particularly omics (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) has revolutionised the field to incorporate big data analysis including bioinformatics and systems biology as well as synthetic biology area. These omics approaches as well as systems and synthetic biology areas are now increasingly popular as seen by the growing numbers of publication throughout the years. Several journals which have published most of these related fields are also listed in this chapter to overview their impact and target journals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Profiling/trends*
  19. Musa M
    Adv Med Sci, 2020 Mar;65(1):163-169.
    PMID: 31972467 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2019.12.001
    Besides malignant cells, the tumour microenvironment consists of various stromal cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and myofibroblasts. Accumulation of heterogeneous populations of stromal cells in solid tumours is associated with lower survival rates and cancer recurrence in patients. Certain limitations presented by conventional experimental designs and techniques in cancer research have led to poor understanding of the fundamental basis of cancer niche. Recent developments in single-cell techniques allow more in-depth studies of the tumour microenvironment. Analyses at the single-cell level enables the detection of rare cell types, characterization of intra-tumour cellular heterogeneity and analysis of the lineage output of malignant cells. This subsequently, provides valuable insights on better diagnostic methods and treatment avenues for cancer. This review explores the recent advancements and applications of single-cell technologies in cancer research pertaining to the study of stromal fibroblasts in the microenvironment of solid tumours.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  20. Samad AFA, Kamaroddin MF, Sajad M
    Adv Nutr, 2021 Feb 01;12(1):197-211.
    PMID: 32862223 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa095
    microRNAs (miRNAs) are well known as major players in mammalian and plant genetic systems that act by regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. These tiny molecules can regulate target genes (mRNAs) through either cleavage or translational inhibition. Recently, the discovery of plant-derived miRNAs showing cross-kingdom abilities to regulate mammalian gene expression has prompted exciting discussions among researchers. After being acquired orally through the diet, plant miRNAs can survive in the digestive tract, enter the circulatory system, and regulate endogenous mRNAs. Here, we review current knowledge regarding the cross-kingdom mechanisms of plant miRNAs, related controversies, and potential applications of these miRNAs in dietary therapy, which will provide new insights for plant miRNA investigations related to health issues in humans.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation, Plant*
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