Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 76 in total

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  1. Controlled release studies through chitosan-based hydrogel synthesized at different polymerization stages
    Md Rasib SZ, Md Akil H, Khan A, Abdul Hamid ZA
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2019 May 01;128:531-536.
    PMID: 30708001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.190
    An earlier study showed that the behaviour of chitosan-poly(methacrylic acid‑co‑N‑isopropylacrylamide) [chitosan‑p(MAA‑co‑NIPAM)] hydrogels synthesized at different reaction times are affected with regard to their pH and temperature sensitivities. The study was continued in this paper to identify the effects of different reaction times on the degradation, efficiency of rifampicin (Rif) loading and the Rif release profile under two different pH conditions (acidic and basic). The results that were obtained showed that the hydrogel had a faster degradation rate in the acidic condition than in the basic condition, where there was a loss of approximately 50% and 20%, respectively in its original weight within two weeks. The Rif loading efficiency was within 50% and the drug release was controlled by characteristics that were developed beyond the polymerization stages of the synthesis. Therefore, the reaction time for the synthesis of the hydrogel can be considered as a way to control the behaviour of the hydrogel as well as to modify the drug release profile in the chitosan‑p(MAA‑co‑NIPAM) hydrogel.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
  2. Sea cucumber (Stichopus hermanii) based hydrogel to treat burn wounds in rats
    Zohdi RM, Zakaria ZA, Yusof N, Mustapha NM, Abdullah MN
    J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater, 2011 Jul;98(1):30-7.
    PMID: 21504052 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31828
    Malaysian sea cucumber was incorporated into hydrogel formulation by using electron beam irradiation technique and was introduced as novel cross-linked Gamat Hydrogel dressing. This study investigated whether Gamat Hydrogel enhanced repair of deep partial skin thickness burn wound in rats and its possible mechanism. Wounds were treated with either Gamat Hydrogel, control hydrogel, OpSite® film dressing or left untreated. Skin samples were taken at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post burn for histological and molecular evaluations. Gamat Hydrogel markedly enhanced wound contraction and improved histological reorganization of the regenerating tissue. Furthermore, the dressing modulated the inflammatory responses, stimulated the activation and proliferation of fibroblasts, and enhanced rapid production of collagen fiber network with a consequently shorter healing time. The level of proinflammatory cytokines; IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6, were significantly reduced in Gamat Hydrogel treated wounds compared with other groups as assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In summary, our results showed that Gamat Hydrogel promoted burn wound repair via a complex mechanism involving stimulation of tissue regeneration and regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The resultant wound healing effects were attributed to the synergistic effect of the hydrogel matrix and incorporated sea cucumber.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry
  3. Novel functional antimicrobial and biocompatible arabinoxylan/guar gum hydrogel for skin wound dressing applications
    Khan MUA, Raza MA, Razak SIA, Abdul Kadir MR, Haider A, Shah SA, et al.
    J Tissue Eng Regen Med, 2020 10;14(10):1488-1501.
    PMID: 32761978 DOI: 10.1002/term.3115
    It is a challenging task to develop active biomacromolecular wound dressing materials that are biocompatible and possesses antibacterial properties against the bacterial strains that cause severe skin disease. This work is focused on the preparation of a biocompatible and degradable hydrogel for wound dressing application using arabinoxylan (ARX) and guar gum (GG) natural polymers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed that both ARX and GG interacted well with each other, and their interactions further increased with the addition of crosslinker tetraethyl orthosilicate. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs showed uniform porous morphologies of the hydrogels. The porous morphologies and uniform interconnected pores are attributed to the increased crosslinking of the hydrogel. Elastic modulus, tensile strength, and fracture strain of the hydrogels significantly improved (from ATG-1 to ATG-4) with crosslinking. Degradability tests showed that hydrogels lost maximum weight in 7 days. All the samples showed variation in swelling with pH. Maximum swelling was observed at pH 7. The hydrogel samples showed good antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) in PBS, good drug release profile (92% drug release), and nontoxic cellular behavior. The cells not only retained their cylindrical morphologies onto the hydrogel but were also performing their normal activities. It is, therefore, believed that as-developed hydrogel could be a potential material for wound dressing application.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry
  4. Evaluation of superabsorbent linseed-polysaccharides as a novel stimuli-responsive oral sustained release drug delivery system
    Haseeb MT, Hussain MA, Bashir S, Ashraf MU, Ahmad N
    Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2017 Mar;43(3):409-420.
    PMID: 27808567 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2016.1257017
    CONTEXT: Advancement in technology has transformed the conventional dosage forms to intelligent drug delivery systems. Such systems are helpful for targeted and efficient drug delivery with minimum side effects. Drug release from these systems is governed and controlled by external stimuli (pH, enzymes, ions, glucose, etc.). Polymeric biomaterial having stimuli-responsive properties has opened a new area in drug delivery approach.

    OBJECTIVE: Potential of a polysaccharide (rhamnogalacturonan)-based hydrogel from Linseeds (Linum usitatissimum L.) was investigated as an intelligent drug delivery material.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Different concentrations of Linseed hydrogel (LSH) were used to prepare caffeine and diacerein tablets and further investigated for pH and salt solution-responsive swelling, pH-dependent drug release, and release kinetics. Morphology of tablets was observed using SEM.

    RESULTS: LSH tablets exhibited dynamic swelling-deswelling behavior with tendency to swell at pH 7.4 and in deionized water while deswell at pH 1.2, in normal saline and ethanol. Consequently, pH controlled release of the drugs was observed from tablets with lower release (<10%) at pH 1.2 and higher release at pH 6.8 and 7.4. SEM showed elongated channels in swollen then freeze-dried tablets.

    DISCUSSION: The drug release was greatly influenced by the amount of LSH in the tablets. Drug release from LSH tablets was governed by the non-Fickian diffusion.

    CONCLUSIONS: These finding indicates that LSH holds potential to be developed as sustained release material for tablet.

    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry
  5. Chemically crosslinked hydrogel and its driving force towards superabsorbent behaviour
    Salleh KM, Zakaria S, Sajab MS, Gan S, Chia CH, Jaafar SNS, et al.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2018 Oct 15;118(Pt B):1422-1430.
    PMID: 29964115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.159
    Dissolved oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) cellulose in NaOH/urea solvent was mixed with sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) to form a green regenerated superabsorbent hydrogel. The effect of concentration of epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the crosslinker on the formation, physical, and chemical properties of hydrogel was studied. Rapid formation and higher gel content of hydrogel were observed at 10% concentration of ECH. The superabsorbent hydrogel was successfully fabricated in this study with the swelling ability >100,000%. Hydrogel with higher concentration of ECH showed opposite trend by having higher superabsorbent property than that of lower concentration. The covalent bond of COC was observed with Attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR) spectroscopy to confirm the occurrence of crosslinking. The physical and chemical properties of hydrogel were affected by swelling phenomenon. Hydrogel with higher degree of swelling exhibited lower moisture retention and higher transparency. Moreover, the weight of the superabsorbent hydrogel increased with the decrement of pH value of external media (distilled water). This study provided substantial information on the effect of different percentage of ECH as crosslinker on hydrogel basic properties. Furthermore, this study affords correlation of many essential driving forces that affected hydrogel superabsorbent property.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
  6. Formulation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a new osteoprotegerin-chitosan gel for bone tissue regeneration
    Jayash SN, Hashim NM, Misran M, Baharuddin NA
    J Biomed Mater Res A, 2017 02;105(2):398-407.
    PMID: 27684563 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35919
    The osteoprotegerin (OPG) system plays a critical role in bone remodelling by regulating osteoclast formation and activity. The study aimed to determine the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of a newly formulated OPG-chitosan gel. The OPG-chitosan gel was formulated using human OPG protein and water-soluble chitosan. The physicochemical properties were determined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Gel morphology was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and then it was subjected to a protein release assay and biodegradability test. An in vitro cytotoxicity test on normal human periodontal ligament (NHPL) fibroblasts and normal human (NH) osteoblasts was carried out using the AlamarBlue assay. In vivo evaluation in a rabbit model involved creating critical-sized defects in calvarial bone, filling with the OPG-chitosan gel and sacrificing at 12 weeks. In vitro results demonstrated that the 25 kDa OPG-chitosan gel had the highest rate of protein release and achieved 90% degradation in 28 days. At 12 weeks, the defects filled with 25 kDa OPG-chitosan gel showed significant (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry
  7. Engineered Hydrogels in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis
    Sepantafar M, Maheronnaghsh R, Mohammadi H, Radmanesh F, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Ebrahimi M, et al.
    Trends Biotechnol, 2017 11;35(11):1074-1087.
    PMID: 28734545 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.06.015
    Over the last decade, numerous investigations have attempted to clarify the intricacies of tumor development to propose effective approaches for cancer treatment. Thanks to the unique properties of hydrogels, researchers have made significant progress in tumor model reconstruction, tumor diagnosis, and associated therapies. Notably, hydrogel-based systems can be adjusted to respond to cancer-specific hallmarks and/or external stimuli. These well-known drug reservoirs can be used as smart carriers for multiple cargos, including both naked and nanoparticle-encapsulated chemotherapeutics, genes, and radioisotopes. Recent works have attempted to specialize hydrogels for cancer research; we comprehensively review this topic for the first time, synthesizing past results and defining paths for future work.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry
  8. Long term mesenchymal stem cell culture on a defined synthetic substrate with enzyme free passaging
    Duffy CR, Zhang R, How SE, Lilienkampf A, De Sousa PA, Bradley M
    Biomaterials, 2014 Jul;35(23):5998-6005.
    PMID: 24780167 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.04.013
    Mesenchymal stems cells (MSCs) are currently the focus of numerous therapeutic approaches in tissue engineering/repair because of their wide multi-lineage potential and their ability to modulate the immune system response following transplantation. Culturing these cells, while maintaining their multipotency in vitro, currently relies on biological substrates such as gelatin, collagen and fibronectin. In addition, harvesting cells from these substrates requires enzymatic or chemical treatment, a process that will remove a multitude of cellular surface proteins, clearly an undesirable process if cells are to be used therapeutically. Herein, we applied a high-throughput 'hydrogel microarray' screening approach to identify thermo-modulatable substrates which can support hES-MP and ADMSC growth, permit gentle reagent free passaging, whilst maintaining multi-lineage potential. In summary, the hydrogel substrate identified, poly(AEtMA-Cl-co-DEAA) cross-linked with MBA, permitted MSCs to be maintained over 10 passages (each time via thermo-modulation), with the cells retaining expression of MSC associated markers and lineage potency. This chemically defined system allowed the passaging and maintenance of cellular phenotype of this clinically important cell type, in the absence of harsh passaging and the need for biological substrates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
  9. Antitumour benzothiazoles. Part 32: DNA adducts and double strand breaks correlate with activity; synthesis of 5F203 hydrogels for local delivery
    Stone EL, Citossi F, Singh R, Kaur B, Gaskell M, Farmer PB, et al.
    Bioorg Med Chem, 2015 Nov 01;23(21):6891-9.
    PMID: 26474663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.09.052
    Potent, selective antitumour AhR ligands 5F 203 and GW 610 are bioactivated by CYPs 1A1 and 2W1. Herein we reason that DNA adducts' generation resulting in lethal DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) underlies benzothiazoles' activity. Treatment of sensitive carcinoma cell lines with GW 610 generated co-eluting DNA adducts (R(2)>0.7). Time-dependent appearance of γ-H2AX foci revealed subsequent DNA double strand breaks. Propensity for systemic toxicity of benzothiazoles steered development of prodrugs' hydrogels for localised delivery. Clinical applications of targeted therapies include prevention or treatment of recurrent disease after surgical resection of solid tumours. In vitro evaluation of 5F 203 prodrugs' activity demonstrated nanomolar potency against MCF-7 breast and IGROV-1 ovarian carcinoma cell lines.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
  10. Magnetic nanocellulose alginate hydrogel beads as potential drug delivery system
    Supramaniam J, Adnan R, Mohd Kaus NH, Bushra R
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2018 Oct 15;118(Pt A):640-648.
    PMID: 29894784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.043
    Magnetic nanocellulose alginate hydrogel beads are produced from the assembly of alginate and magnetic nanocellulose (m-CNCs) as a potential drug delivery system. The m-CNCs were synthesized from cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) that were isolated from rice husks (RH) by co-precipitation method and were incorporated into alginate-based hydrogel beads with the aim of enhancing mechanical strength and regulating drug release behavior. Ibuprofen was chosen as a model drug. The prepared CNCs, m-CNCs and the alginate hydrogel beads were characterized by various physicochemical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer studies (VSM). Besides the magnetic property, the presence of m-CNCs increased the integrity of the alginate hydrogel beads and the swelling percentage. The drug release study exhibited a controlled release profiles and based on the drug release data, the drug release mechanism was analyzed and discussed based on mathematical models such as Korsmeyer-Peppas and Peppas-Sahlin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
  11. Inflammation targeted chitosan-based hydrogel for controlled release of diclofenac sodium
    Gull N, Khan SM, Butt OM, Islam A, Shah A, Jabeen S, et al.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2020 Nov 01;162:175-187.
    PMID: 32562726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.133
    Inflammation is a key challenge in the treatment of chronic diseases. Spurred by topical advancement in polymer chemistry and drug delivery, hydrogels that release a drug in temporal, spatial and dosage controlled fashion have been trendy. This research focused on the fabrication of hydrogels with controlled drug release properties to control inflammation. Chitosan and polyvinyl pyrrolidone were used as base polymers and crosslinked with epichlorohydrin to form hydrogel films by solution casting technique. Prepared hydrogels were analyzed by swelling analysis in deionized water, buffer and electrolyte solutions and gel fraction. Functional groups confirmation and development of new covalent and hydrogen bonds, thermal stability (28.49%) and crystallinity were evaluated by FTIR, TGA and WAXRD, respectively. Rheological properties including gel strength and yield stress, elasticity (2309 MPa), porosity (75%) and hydrophilicity (73°) of prepared hydrogels were also evaluated. In vitro studies confirmed that prepared hydrogels have good biodegradability, excellent antimicrobial property and admirable cytotoxicity. Drug release profile (87.56% in 130 min) along with the drug encapsulation efficiency (84%) of prepared hydrogels was also studied. These results paved the path towards the development of hydrogels that can release the drugs with desired temporal patterns.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
  12. Particle designs for the stabilization and controlled-delivery of protein drugs by biopolymers: a case study on insulin
    Lim HP, Tey BT, Chan ES
    J Control Release, 2014 Jul 28;186:11-21.
    PMID: 24816070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.042
    Natural biopolymers have attracted considerable interest for the development of delivery systems for protein drugs owing to their biocompatibility, non-toxicity, renewability and mild processing conditions. This paper offers an overview of the current status and future perspectives of particle designs using biopolymers for the stabilization and controlled-delivery of a model protein drug--insulin. We first describe the design criteria for polymeric encapsulation and subsequently classify the basic principles of particle fabrication as well as the existing particle designs for oral insulin encapsulation. The performances of these existing particle designs in terms of insulin stability and in vitro release behavior in acidic and alkaline media, as well as their in vivo performance are compared and reviewed. This review forms the basis for future works on the optimization of particle design and material formulation for the development of an improved oral delivery system for protein drugs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry
  13. Carboxymethyl cellulose/sodium alginate beads incorporated with calcium carbonate nanoparticles and bentonite for phosphate recovery
    Fu J, Yap JX, Leo CP, Chang CK
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2023 Apr 15;234:123642.
    PMID: 36791941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123642
    Although anionic polyelectrolyte hydrogel beads offer attractive adsorption of cationic dyes, phosphate adsorption is limited by electrostatic interactions. In this work, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel beads were modified with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and/or bentonite (Be). The compatibility between CaCO3 and Be was proven by the homogeneous surface, as shown in the scanning electron microscopic images. Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray diffraction spectra further confirmed the existence of inorganic filler in the hydrogel beads. Although CMC/SA/Be/CaCO3 hydrogel beads attained the highest methylene blue and phosphate adsorption capacities (142.15 MB mg/g, 90.31 P mg/g), phosphate adsorption was significantly improved once CaCO3 nanoparticles were incorporated into CMC/SA/CaCO3 hydrogel beads. The kinetics of MB adsorption by CMC/SA hydrogel beads with or without inorganic fillers could be described by the pseudo-second-order model under chemical interactions. The phosphate adsorption by CMC/SA/Be/CaCO3 hydrogel beads could be explained by the Elovich model due to heterogeneous properties. The incorporation of Be and CaCO3 also improved the phosphate adsorption through chemical interaction since Langmuir isotherm fitted the phosphate adsorption by CMC/SA/Be/CaCO3 hydrogel beads. Unlike MB adsorption, the reusability of these hydrogel beads in phosphate adsorption reduced slightly after 5 cycles.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry
  14. Safety and efficacy of dermal fibroblast conditioned medium (DFCM) fortified collagen hydrogel as acellular 3D skin patch
    Maarof M, Mh Busra MF, Lokanathan Y, Bt Hj Idrus R, Rajab NF, Chowdhury SR
    Drug Deliv Transl Res, 2019 02;9(1):144-161.
    PMID: 30547385 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-00612-z
    Skin substitutes are one of the main treatments for skin loss, and a skin substitute that is readily available would be the best treatment option. However, most cell-based skin substitutes require long production times, and therefore, patients endure long waiting times. The proteins secreted from the cells and tissues play vital roles in promoting wound healing. Thus, we aimed to develop an acellular three-dimensional (3D) skin patch with dermal fibroblast conditioned medium (DFCM) and collagen hydrogel for immediate treatment of skin loss. Fibroblasts from human skin samples were cultured using serum-free keratinocyte-specific media (KM1 or KM2) and serum-free fibroblast-specific medium (FM) to obtain DFCM-KM1, DFCM-KM2, and DFCM-FM, respectively. The acellular 3D skin patch was soft, semi-solid, and translucent. Collagen mixed with DFCM-KM1 and DFCM-KM2 showed higher protein release compared to collagen plus DFCM-FM. In vitro and in vivo testing revealed that DFCM and collagen hydrogel did not induce an immune response. The implantation of the 3D skin patch with or without DFCM on the dorsum of BALB/c mice demonstrated a significantly faster healing rate compared to the no-treatment group 7 days after implantation, and all groups had complete re-epithelialization at day 17. Histological analysis confirmed the structure and integrity of the regenerated skin, with positive expression of cytokeratin 14 and type I collagen in the epidermal and dermal layer, respectively. These findings highlight the possibility of using fibroblast secretory factors together with collagen hydrogel in an acellular 3D skin patch that can be used allogeneically for immediate treatment of full-thickness skin loss.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry
  15. Biocompatible and mucoadhesive bacterial cellulose-g-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels for oral protein delivery
    Ahmad N, Amin MC, Mahali SM, Ismail I, Chuang VT
    Mol Pharm, 2014 Nov 3;11(11):4130-42.
    PMID: 25252107 DOI: 10.1021/mp5003015
    Stimuli-responsive bacterial cellulose-g-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels were investigated for their potential use as an oral delivery system for proteins. These hydrogels were synthesized using electron beam irradiation without any cross-linking agents, thereby eliminating any potential toxic effects associated with cross-linkers. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), a model protein drug, was loaded into the hydrogels, and the release profile in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was investigated. Cumulative release of less than 10% in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) demonstrated the potential of these hydrogels to protect BSA from the acidic environment of the stomach. Subsequent conformational stability analyses of released BSA by SDS-PAGE, circular dichroism, and an esterase activity assay indicated that the structural integrity and bioactivity of BSA was maintained and preserved by the hydrogels. Furthermore, an increase in BSA penetration across intestinal mucosa tissue was observed in an ex vivo penetration experiment. Our fabricated hydrogels exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and showed no sign of toxicity, indicating the safety of these hydrogels for in vivo applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
  16. Nanoreinforced Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering: Biomaterials that are Compatible with Load-Bearing and Electroactive Tissues
    Mehrali M, Thakur A, Pennisi CP, Talebian S, Arpanaei A, Nikkhah M, et al.
    Adv Mater, 2017 Feb;29(8).
    PMID: 27966826 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603612
    Given their highly porous nature and excellent water retention, hydrogel-based biomaterials can mimic critical properties of the native cellular environment. However, their potential to emulate the electromechanical milieu of native tissues or conform well with the curved topology of human organs needs to be further explored to address a broad range of physiological demands of the body. In this regard, the incorporation of nanomaterials within hydrogels has shown great promise, as a simple one-step approach, to generate multifunctional scaffolds with previously unattainable biological, mechanical, and electrical properties. Here, recent advances in the fabrication and application of nanocomposite hydrogels in tissue engineering applications are described, with specific attention toward skeletal and electroactive tissues, such as cardiac, nerve, bone, cartilage, and skeletal muscle. Additionally, some potential uses of nanoreinforced hydrogels within the emerging disciplines of cyborganics, bionics, and soft biorobotics are highlighted.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
  17. Gelatin Hydrogels Loaded with Lactoferrin-Functionalized Bio-Nanosilver as a Potential Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Dressing for Infected Wounds: Synthesis, Characterization, and Deciphering of Cytotoxicity
    Suleman Ismail Abdalla S, Katas H, Chan JY, Ganasan P, Azmi F, Fauzi MB
    Mol Pharm, 2021 05 03;18(5):1956-1969.
    PMID: 33822631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01033
    Gelatin hydrogels are attractive for wound applications owing to their well-defined structural, physical, and chemical properties as well as good cell adhesion and biocompatibility. This study aimed to develop gelatin hydrogels incorporated with bio-nanosilver functionalized with lactoferrin (Ag-LTF) as a dual-antimicrobial action dressing, to be used in treating infected wounds. The hydrogels were cross-linked using genipin prior to loading with Ag-LTF and characterized for their physical and swelling properties, rheology, polymer and actives interactions, and in vitro release of the actives. The hydrogel's anti-biofilm and antibacterial performances against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa as well as their cytotoxicity effects were assessed in vitro, including primary wound healing gene expression of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). The formulated hydrogels showed adequate release of AgNPs and LTF, with promising antimicrobial effects against both bacterial strains. The Ag-LTF-loaded hydrogel did not significantly interfere with the normal cellular functions as no alteration was detected for cell viability, migration rate, and expression of the target genes, suggesting the nontoxicity of Ag-LTF as well as the hydrogels. In conclusion, Ag-LTF-loaded genipin-cross-linked gelatin hydrogel was successfully synthesized as a new approach for fighting biofilms in infected wounds, which may be applied to accelerate healing of chronic wounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
  18. Designing cellulose hydrogels from non-woody biomass
    Wong LC, Leh CP, Goh CF
    Carbohydr Polym, 2021 Jul 15;264:118036.
    PMID: 33910744 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118036
    Hydrogels are an attractive system for a myriad of applications. While most hydrogels are usually formed from synthetic materials, lignocellulosic biomass appears as a sustainable alternative for hydrogel development. The valorization of biomass, especially the non-woody biomass to meet the growing demand of the substitution of synthetics and to leverage its benefits for cellulose hydrogel fabrication is attractive. This review aims to present an overview of advances in hydrogel development from non-woody biomass, especially using native cellulose. The review will cover the overall process from cellulose depolymerization, dissolution to crosslinking reaction and the related mechanisms where known. Hydrogel design is heavily affected by the cellulose solubility, crosslinking method and the related processing conditions apart from biomass type and cellulose purity. Hence, the important parameters for rational designs of hydrogels with desired properties, particularly porosity, transparency and swelling characteristics will be discussed. Current challenges and future perspectives will also be highlighted.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
  19. Topological characterization of a bacterial cellulose-acrylic acid polymeric matrix
    Halib N, Mohd Amin MC, Ahmad I, Abrami M, Fiorentino S, Farra R, et al.
    Eur J Pharm Sci, 2014 Oct 1;62:326-33.
    PMID: 24932712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.06.004
    This paper focuses on the micro- and nano-topological organization of a hydrogel, constituted by a mixture of bacterial cellulose and acrylic acid, and intended for biomedical applications. The presence of acrylic acid promotes the formation of two interpenetrated continuous phases: the primary "pores phase" (PP) containing only water and the secondary "polymeric network phase" (PNP) constituted by the polymeric network swollen by the water. Low field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (LF NMR), rheology, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and release tests were used to determine the characteristics of the two phases. In particular, we found that this system is a strong hydrogel constituted by 81% (v/v) of PP phase the remaining part being occupied by the PNP phase. Pores diameters span in the range 10-100 μm, the majority of them (85%) falling in the range 30-90 μm. The high PP phase tortuosity indicates that big pores are not directly connected to each other, but their connection is realized by a series of interconnected small pores that rend the drug path tortuous. The PNP is characterized by a polymer volume fraction around 0.73 while mesh size is around 3 nm. The theoretical interpretation of the experimental data coming from the techniques panel adopted, yielded to the micro- and nano-organization of our hydrogel.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
  20. Hydrogel Beads of Natural Polymers as a Potential Vehicle for Colon-Targeted Drug Delivery
    Pushpamalar J, Sathasivam T, Gugler MC
    Methods Mol Biol, 2021;2211:171-182.
    PMID: 33336277 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0943-9_12
    Polysaccharides are excellent candidates for drug delivery applications as they are available in abundance from natural sources. Polysaccharides such as starch, cellulose, lignin, chitosan, alginate, and tragacanth gum are used to make hydrogels beads. Hydrogels beads are three-dimensional, cross-linked networks of hydrophilic polymers formed in spherical shape and sized in the range of 0.5-1.0 mm of diameter. Beads are formed by various cross-linking methods such as chemical and irradiation methods. Natural polymer-based hydrogels are biocompatible and biodegradable and have inherently low immunogenicity, which makes them suitable for physiological drug delivery approaches. The cross-linked polysaccharide-based hydrogels are environment-sensitive polymers that can potentially be used for the development of "smart" delivery systems, which are capable of control release of the encapsulated drug at a targeted colon site. This topic focuses on various aspects of fabricating and optimizing the cross-linking of polysaccharides, either by a single polysaccharide or mixtures and also natural-synthetic hybrids to produce polymer-based hydrogel vehicles for colon-targeted drug delivery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrogels/chemistry*
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