Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 100 in total

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  1. Bee Keng Law, Euginie Tracy Wong, Qiao Wei Liew, Zhi Sam Heng
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a worrying public health issue worldwide. The introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) brings revolution to HCV treatment. Pharmacists’ role in Malaysia is significant since the implementation of Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic (MTAC). This study aims to determine the sustained virological response (SVR12) for HCV patients treated with Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir and/or Ribavirin. Besides, it evaluates adherence rate, types of pharmaceutical intervention and physicians’ acceptance rate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles
  2. Tan HM, Chin CM, Chua CB, Gatchalian E, Kongkanand A, Moh CL, et al.
    Asian J Androl, 2008 May;10(3):495-502.
    PMID: 18385912 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7262.2008.00388.x
    To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of vardenafil, a phosphodiesterase type-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor, in men of Asian ethnicity with erectile dysfunction (ED).
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/adverse effects; Imidazoles/therapeutic use*
  3. Hossain MI, El-Harbawi M, Alitheen NB, Noaman YA, Lévêque JM, Yin CY
    Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2013 Jan;87:65-9.
    PMID: 23107478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.09.020
    Three 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-alkylimidazolium chloride room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) [2OHimC(n)][Cl]; (n=0, 1, 4) have been synthesized from the appropriate imidazole precursors and characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopies and elemental analysis. Their anti-microbial activities were investigated using the well-diffusion method. The viabilities of Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica as a function of IL concentrations were studied. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and EC₅₀ values for the present ILs were within the concentration range from 60 to 125 mM and 23 to 73 mM. The anti-microbial potencies of the present ILs were compared to a standard antibiotic, gentamicin. The finding affords additional perspective on the level of ILs toxicity to aquatic lifeforms and yet, this characteristic can be readily harnessed to detect microbial growth and activity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/chemistry
  4. Goktaş MT, Hatta F, Karaca O, Kalkisim S, Kilic L, Akdogan A, et al.
    Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 2015 Oct;71(10):1223-8.
    PMID: 26233334 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-015-1899-7
    BACKGROUND: We previously reported on a Swedish patient with Behçet's disease (BD) who was an ultra-rapid metaboliser of drugs catalysed by CYP2C9. Was this extreme metabolism caused by the disease?

    AIM: This study aims to compare the genotype/phenotype of CYP2C9 in patients with BD and healthy subjects. As the occurrence of BD is high in Turkey, all subjects were recruited from this country.

    METHODS: Genotyping of CYP2C9 was performed using standard PCR-RFLP and allele-specific PCR methods. Phenotyping of CYP2C9 was performed by administration of a 50-mg single oral dose of losartan and by calculating the urinary metabolic ratio (MR) of probe drug to its metabolite E-3174. Quantitation was performed by HPLC.

    RESULTS: The frequency of CYP2C9*2 and *3 was not significantly different between the Behçet's disease patients (12.5 and 8.7%) and the healthy subjects (8.9 and 8.2%). The geometric mean losartan MR was higher in the 52 patients (1.75) than in the 96 healthy subjects (1.02) (p = 0.002; t-test). Within the genotypes *1/*1, there was a significant difference of MR between patients and healthy subjects (P = 0.006). All but three of the Behçet's disease patients were treated with colchicine. In nine subsequent patients, we found no significant effect of 2 weeks of treatment with colchicine on the CYP2C9 MR.

    CONCLUSION: Contrary to expectation, the CYP2C9 activity was lower in Turkish BD patients compared to healthy subjects. As this seems not to be due to colchicine treatment, our hypothesis is that inflammation related to BD might have caused the down-regulation of the CYP2C9 activity due to immune cytokine reactions. The ultra-rapid metabolism of CYP2C9 substrate drugs in the Swedish patient was not due to her BD.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/urine
  5. Hassan BA, Yusoff ZB, Hassali MA, Othman SB, Weiderpass E
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2012;13(9):4373-8.
    PMID: 23167346
    INTRODUCTION: Hypercalcemia is mainly caused by bone resorption due to either secretion of cytokines including parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) or bone metastases. However, hypercalcemia may occur in patients with or without bone metastases. The present study aimed to describe the effect of chemotherapy treatment, regimens and doses on calcium levels among breast and lung cancer patients with hypercalcemia.

    METHODS: We carried a review of medical records of breast and lung cancer patients hospitalized in years 2003 and 2009 at Penang General Hospital, a public tertiary care center in Penang Island, north of Malaysia. Patients with hypercalcemia (defined as a calcium level above 10.5 mg/dl) at the time of cancer diagnosis or during cancer treatment had their medical history abstracted, including presence of metastasis, chemotherapy types and doses, calcium levels throughout cancer treatment, and other co-morbidity. The mean calcium levels at first hospitalization before chemotherapy were compared with calcium levels at the end of or at the latest chemotherapy treatment. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test for categorical data, logistic regression test for categorical variables, and Spearman correlation test, linear regression and the paired sample t tests for continuous data.

    RESULTS: Of a total 1,023 of breast cancer and 814 lung cancer patients identified, 292 had hypercalcemia at first hospitalization or during cancer treatment (174 breast and 118 lung cancer patients). About a quarter of these patients had advanced stage cancers: 26.4% had mild hypercalcemia (10.5-11.9 mg/dl), 55.5% had moderate (12-12.9 mg/dl), and 18.2% severe hypercalcemia (13-13.9; 14-16 mg/dl). Chemotherapy lowered calcium levels significantly both in breast and lung cancer patients with hypercalcemia; in particular with chemotherapy type 5-flurouracil+epirubicin+cyclophosphamide (FEC) for breast cancer, and gemcitabine+cisplatin in lung cancer.

    CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy decreases calcium levels in breast and lung cancer cases with hypercalcemia at cancer diagnosis, probably by reducing PTHrP levels.

    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/therapeutic use
  6. Chowchaikong N, Nilwarangkoon S, Laphookhieo S, Tanunyutthawongse C, Watanapokasin R
    Int J Oncol, 2018 Jun;52(6):2031-2040.
    PMID: 29620273 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4353
    Colorectal cancer, which is the third most common type of cancer diagnosed in both men and women, is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Cowanin is a pure compound extracted from Garcinia cowa Roxb., a tree species present in Thailand, Malaysia and Myanmar. The crude extract has been demonstrated to have antitumor activity, inflammation induction, antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory activity and antimalarial activity. In the present study, the effects of cowanin on apoptosis induction and on the apoptosis-related and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were investigated in the LoVo human colorectal cancer cell line. The cytotoxicity of cowanin in LoVo cells was determined by MTT assay. Hoechst 33342 and JC‑1 staining were used to determine nuclear morphological changes and mitochondrial membrane potential, respectively. The expression levels of BCL2 apoptosis regulator (Bcl‑2) family, MAPK and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (Akt) pathway proteins following cowanin treatment were determined by western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that cowanin inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell death via the apoptosis pathway. Cowanin treatment increased BCL2 associated X (Bax) and decreased Bcl‑2 expression. In addition, cowanin activated caspase‑9, -7 and poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase expression. Furthermore, cowanin decreased the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p‑ERK), p‑Akt, p‑3‑phosphoinositide‑dependent protein kinase‑1, while it increased p‑p38 expression, thus resulting in the induction of apoptosis. In conclusion, cowanin inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of LoVo cells via the MAPK and Akt signaling pathways. Notably, inhibition of p38 by using a p38 inhibitor (SB203580) prevented the cowanin-induced apoptosis in LoVo cells. These results suggested that cowanin may be a potential candidate for the treatment of colorectal cancer and provided important information on the molecular mechanisms underlying its antitumor activity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/pharmacology*
  7. Mohamad Hanapi NS, Sanagi MM, Ismail AK, Wan Ibrahim WA, Saim N, Wan Ibrahim WN
    PMID: 28142101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.01.028
    The aim of this study was to investigate and apply supported ionic liquid membrane (SILM) in two-phase micro-electrodriven membrane extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) for pre-concentration and determination of three selected antidepressant drugs in water samples. A thin agarose film impregnated with 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [C6MIM] [PF6], was prepared and used as supported ionic liquid membrane between aqueous sample solution and acceptor phase for extraction of imipramine, amitriptyline and chlorpromazine. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method provided good linearity in the range of 1.0-1000μgL(-1), good coefficients of determination (r(2)=0.9974-0.9992) and low limits of detection (0.1-0.4μgL(-1)). The method showed high enrichment factors in the range of 110-150 and high relative recoveries in the range of 88.2-111.4% and 90.9-107.0%, for river water and tap water samples, respectively with RSDs of ≤7.6 (n=3). This method was successfully applied to the determination of the drugs in river and tap water samples. It is envisaged that the SILM improved the perm-selectivity by providing a pathway for targeted analytes which resulted in rapid extraction with high degree of selectivity and high enrichment factor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/chemistry
  8. Soheilmoghaddam M, Wahit MU
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2013 Jul;58:133-9.
    PMID: 23567285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.066
    In this study, novel nanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose/halloysite nanotube (RC/HNT) have been prepared using an environmentally friendly ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) through a simple green method. The structural, morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of the RC/HNT nanocomposites were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermal analysis and tensile strength measurements. The results obtained revealed interactions between the halloysite nanotubes and regenerated cellulose matrix. The thermal stability and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films, compared with pure regenerated cellulose film, were significantly improved When the halloysite nanotube (HNT) loading was only 2 wt.%, the 20% weight loss temperature (T20) increased 20°C. The Young's modulus increased from 1.8 to 4.1 GPa, while tensile strength increased from 35.30 to 60.50 MPa when 8 wt.% halloysite nanotube (HNT) was incorporated, interestingly without loss of ductility. The nanocomposite films exhibited improved oxygen barrier properties and water absorption resistance compared to regenerated cellulose.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/chemistry*
  9. Salar U, Khan KM, Taha M, Ismail NH, Ali B, Qurat-Ul-Ain, et al.
    Eur J Med Chem, 2017 Jan 05;125:1289-1299.
    PMID: 27886546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.11.031
    Current study is based on the biology-oriented drug synthesis (BIODS) of 2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl aryl carboxylate derivatives 1-26, by treating metronidazole with different aryl and hetero-aryl carboxylic acids in the presence of 1,1'-carbonyl diimidazole (CDI) as a coupling agent. Structures of all synthetic derivatives were confirmed with the help of various spectroscopic techniques such as EI-MS, (1)H -NMR and (13)C NMR. CHN elemental analyses were also found in agreement with the calculated values. Synthetic derivatives were evaluated to check their β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity which revealed that except few derivatives, all demonstrated good inhibition in the range of IC50 = 1.20 ± 0.01-60.30 ± 1.40 μM as compared to the standard d-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone (IC50 = 48.38 ± 1.05 μM). Compounds 1, 3, 4, 6, 9-19, and 21-24 were found to be potent analogs and showed superior activity than standard. Limited structure-activity relationship is suggested that the molecules having electron withdrawing groups like NO2, F, Cl, and Br, were displayed better activity than the compounds with electron donating groups such as Me, OMe and BuO. To verify these interpretations, in silico study was also performed, a good correlation was observed between bioactivities and docking studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/chemical synthesis; Imidazoles/pharmacology*; Imidazoles/chemistry*
  10. Saputra E, Prawiranegara BA, Nugraha MW, Oh WD, Sugesti H, Evelyn, et al.
    Environ Res, 2023 Oct 01;234:116441.
    PMID: 37331558 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116441
    Three specific catalysts, namely ZIF-67 (zeolitic imidazolate framework-67), Co@NCF (Co@Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Framework), and 3D NCF (Three-Dimensional Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Framework), were prepared and studied for pulp and paper mill effluent degradation using heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). Numerous characterizations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and N2 adsorption, were used to characterize the properties of three different catalysts. 3D NCF is remarkably effective at heterogeneous activation of PMS to generate sulfate radicals to degrade pulp and paper mill effluent (PPME) compared to the other as-prepared catalysts. The catalytic activity reveals a sequence of 3D NCF > Co@NCF > ZIF-67.3D NCF could degrade organic pollutants in 30 min at an initial COD concentration of 1146 mg/L of PPME, 0.2 g/L catalysts, 2 g/L PMS, and 50 °C. Consequently, it was observed that the degradation of PPME using 3D NCF followed first-order kinetics, with an activation energy of 40.54 kJ mol-1. Overall, 3D NCF/PMS system reveals promising performance for PPME removal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles
  11. Yap WB, Tey BT, Alitheen NB, Tan WS
    J Chromatogr A, 2010 May 21;1217(21):3473-80.
    PMID: 20388569 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.03.012
    Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) is used as a diagnostic reagent for the detection of hepatitis B virus infection. In this study, immobilized metal affinity-expanded bed adsorption chromatography (IMA-EBAC) was employed to purify N-terminally His-tagged HBcAg from unclarified bacterial homogenate. Streamline Chelating was used as the adsorbent and the batch adsorption experiment showed that the optimal binding pH of His-tagged HBcAg was 8.0 with a binding capacity of 1.8 mg per ml of adsorbent. The optimal elution condition for the elution of His-tagged HBcAg from the adsorbent was at pH 7 in the presence of 500 mM imidazole and 1.5 M NaCl. The IMA-EBAC has successfully recovered 56% of His-tagged HBcAg from the unclarified E. coli homogenate with a purification factor of 3.64. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that the antigenicity of the recovered His-tagged HBcAg was not affected throughout the IMA-EBAC purification process and electron microscopy revealed that the protein assembled into virus-like particles (VLP).
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/chemistry
  12. Aziz NFHA, Abbasiliasi S, Ng HS, Phapugrangkul P, Bakar MHA, Tam YJ, et al.
    J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 2017 Jun 15;1055-1056:104-112.
    PMID: 28458127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.04.029
    The partitioning of β-mannanase derived from Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 in aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) was studied. The ATPS containing different molecular weight of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and types of salt were employed in this study. The PEG/salt composition for the partitioning of β-mannanase was optimized using response surface methodology. The study demonstrated that ATPS consists of 25% (w/w) of PEG 6000 and 12.52% (w/w) of potassium citrate is the optimum composition for the purification of β-mannanase with a purification fold (PF) of 2.28 and partition coefficient (K) of 1.14. The study on influences of pH and crude loading showed that ATPS with pH 8.0 and 1.5% (w/w) of crude loading gave highest PF of 3.1. To enhance the partitioning of β-mannanase, four ionic liquids namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim]BF4), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Emim]BF4), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Bmim]Br), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Emim]Br) was added into the system as an adjuvant. The highest recovery yield (89.65%) was obtained with addition of 3% (w/w) of [Bmim]BF4. The SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the β-mannanase was successfully recovered in the top phase of ATPS with the molecular size of 36.7kDa. Therefore, ATPS demonstrated a simple and efficient approach for recovery and purification of β-mannanase from fermentation broth in one single-step strategy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/chemistry
  13. Poh YW, Gan SY, Tan EL
    Exp Oncol, 2012 Jul;34(2):85-9.
    PMID: 23013758
    The aim of this study is to investigate whether IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-β are able to confer resistance to apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by upregulating the expression of survivin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/pharmacology
  14. Subramani IG, Perumal V, Gopinath SCB, Mohamed NM, Ovinis M, Sze LL
    Sci Rep, 2021 10 21;11(1):20825.
    PMID: 34675227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00057-4
    The bovine milk allergenic protein, 'β-lactoglobulin' is one of the leading causes of milk allergic reaction. In this research, a novel label-free non-faradaic capacitive aptasensor was designed to detect β-lactoglobulin using a Laser Scribed Graphene (LSG) electrode. The graphene was directly engraved into a microgapped (~ 95 µm) capacitor-electrode pattern on a flexible polyimide (PI) film via a simple one-step CO2 laser irradiation. The novel hybrid nanoflower (NF) was synthesized using 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as the organic molecule and copper (Cu) as the inorganic molecule via one-pot biomineralization by tuning the reaction time and concentration. NF was fixed on the pre-modified PI film at the triangular junction of the LSG microgap specifically for bio-capturing β-lactoglobulin. The fine-tuned CDI-Cu NF revealed the flower-like structures was viewed through field emission scanning electron microscopy. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed the interactions with PI film, CDI-Cu NF, oligoaptamer and β-lactoglobulin. The non-faradaic sensing of milk allergen β-lactoglobulin corresponds to a higher loading of oligoaptamer on 3D-structured CDI-Cu NF, with a linear range detection from 1 ag/ml to 100 fg/ml and attomolar (1 ag/ml) detection limit (S/N = 3:1). This novel CDI-Cu NF/LSG microgap aptasensor has a great potential for the detection of milk allergen with high-specificity and sensitivity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/chemistry*
  15. Suresh Kumar
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the utmost serious infectious diseases worldwide. The emergence of multi- drug resistance demands the development of better or new putative drug targets for tuberculosis. Recent studies sug- gest Mycobacterium tuberculosis cytochrome P450 enzymes as promising drug targets and azole drugs as potential inhibitors. Methods: Various computational tools, like Expasy Protparam, Swiss model, RaptorX and Phyre2 were used to analyze 12 Mycobacterium tuberculosis P450 enzymes and determine their three-dimensional structure. The structural validation was done through a Ramachandran plot using RAMPAGE server. The docking of P450 enzymes with azole drugs was done with autodock ver 4.2.6. Results: Based on sub-cellular localization prediction using CEL- LO tool, P450 enzymes CYP123A1, CYP132A1, CYP135A1, CYP136A1, CYP140A1, and CYP143A1 were predicted to be in the cytoplasm. Through structure assessment by Ramachandran plot, the best homology modelled proteins were docked with azole drugs like clotrimazole, croconazole, econazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, itraconazole, ketaconazole and micronazole by using autodock. By docking method it is identified that ketaconazole drug has a high affinity towards most of the mycobacterium P450 enzymes followed by the itrconazole drug. CYP123A1 enzyme is preferable as a drug target due to high binding affinity towards ketoconazole followed by CYP135A1, CYP140A1 enzymes. Conclusion: This study would help in identifying putative novel drug targets in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can lead to promising candidates for the optimization and development of novel anti-mycobac- terial agents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles
  16. Saheed IO, Suah FBM
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2023 Jun 30;241:124610.
    PMID: 37116836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124610
    The aggressive search for unique materials in recent years has put forward chitosan and modified-chitosan as materials with unique structural and morphological characteristics for various important applications. Just as imidazolium-based ionic liquids are the commonly applied ionic liquids (ILs) type for chitosan modifications for various applications, their further modifications into beads for enhancing their properties is now gaining most attention. However, most of the currently prepared imidazolium ILs modified-chitosan beads are not in nano size due to preparation difficulties. In response to this and referencing the research works in the literature, the possible breakthrough directions including synthesis routes, and physical and mechanical transformation processes are proposed. These procedures are expected to provide certain theoretical and empirical basis, as well as technical guide for developing nano-micro size chitosan beads using imidazolium based ILs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/chemistry
  17. Hanid NA, Wahit MU, Guo Q, Mahmoodian S, Soheilmoghaddam M
    Carbohydr Polym, 2014 Jan;99:91-7.
    PMID: 24274483 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.07.080
    In this study, regenerated cellulose/halloysites (RC/HNT) nanocomposites with different nanofillers loading were fabricated by dissolving the cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid. The films were prepared via solution casting method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mechanical properties were investigated by tensile testing. It clearly displayed a good enhancement of both tensile strength and Young's modulus with HNT loading up to 5 wt%. As the HNT loadings increased to 5 wt%, the thermal behaviour and water resistance rate was also increased. The TEM and SEM images also depicted even dispersion of the HNT and a good intertubular interaction between the HNT and the cellulose matrix.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/chemistry*
  18. Rachagan SP, Sivanesaratnam V
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Mar;41(1):30-2.
    PMID: 3796344
    A preliminary report on the short-term use of Tioconazole for vaginal candidiasis is presented. The cure rate was found to be approximately 90% in mild degrees of the disease, with good patient compliance and minimal side effects. However no conclusion can be drawn for moderate or severe cases of the condition.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/administration & dosage; Imidazoles/therapeutic use*
  19. Mustafa MR, Dharmani M, Kunheen NK, Sim MK
    Regul. Pept., 2004 Aug 15;120(1-3):15-22.
    PMID: 15177916
    An earlier study showed that des-aspartate-angiotensin I (DAA-I) attenuated the pressor action of angiotensin III in aortic rings of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) but not the normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat. The present study investigated similar properties of DAA-I in isolated perfused kidneys and mesenteric beds of WKY and SHR. In the renal vasculature, angiotensin III induced a dose-dependent pressor response, which was more marked in the SHR than WKY in terms of significant greater magnitude of response and lower threshold. DAA-I attenuated the pressor action of angiotensin III in both the WKY and SHR. The attenuation in SHR was much more marked, occurring at doses as low as 10(-15) M DAA-I, while effective attenuation was only seen with 10(-9) M in WKY. The effects of DAA-I was not inhibited by PD123319 and indomethacin, indicating that its action was not mediated by angiotensin AT2 receptors and prostaglandins. However, the direct pressor action of angiotensin III in the SHR but not the WKY was attenuated by indomethacin suggesting that this notable difference could be due to known decreased response of renal vasculature to vasodilator prostaglandins in the SHR. Pressor responses to angiotensin III in the mesenteric vascular bed was also dose dependent, but smaller in magnitude compared to the renal response. The responses in the SHR, though generally smaller, were not significantly different from those of the WKY. This trend is in line with the similar observations with angiotensin III and II by other investigators. In terms of the effect of DAA-I, indomethacin and PD123319 on angiotensin III action, similar patterns to those of the renal vasculature were observed. This reaffirms that in the perfused kidney and mesenteric bed, where the majority of the vessels are contractile, femtomolar concentrations of DAA-I attenuates the pressor action of angiotensin III. The attenuation is not indomethacin sensitive and does not involve the angiotensin AT2 receptor. The findings suggest that DAA-I possesses protective vascular actions and is involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles/pharmacology
  20. Ullah H, Qureshi KS, Khan U, Zaffar M, Yang YJ, Rabat NE, et al.
    Chemosphere, 2021 Dec;285:131492.
    PMID: 34273691 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131492
    The restoration of mechanical properties is desired for creating the self-healing coatings with no corrosion capabilities. The encapsulation of epoxy resins is limited by various factors in urea and melamine formaldehyde microcapsules. An improved method was developed, where epoxy resin was encapsulated by individual wrapping of poly(melamine-formaldehyde) and poly(urea-formaldehyde) shell around emulsified epoxy droplets via oil-in-water emulsion polymerization method. The synthesized materials were characterized analytically. The curing of the epoxy was achieved by adding the [Ni/Co(2-MI)6].2NO3 as a latent hardener and iron acetylacetonate [Fe(acac)3] as a latent accelerator. Isothermal and non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetric analysis revealed lower curing temperature (Tonset = 116 °C) and lower activation energies (Ea ≈ 69-75 kJ/mol). The addition of microcapsules and complexes did not adversely alter the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the epoxy coatings. The adhesion strength of neat coating decreased from 6310.8 ± 31 to 4720.9 ± 60 kPa and percent healing increased from 50.83 to 67.45% in the presence of acetylacetonate complex at 10 wt% of microcapsules.
    Matched MeSH terms: Imidazoles
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