Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 43 in total

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  1. Yang H, Zhang Z, Zhou X, Binbr Abe Menen N, Rouhi O
    Environ Res, 2023 Dec 01;238(Pt 1):117163.
    PMID: 37722583 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117163
    The current study has focused on electrochemical immunosensing of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) employing an immobilized antibody on a thionine, chitosan, or graphene oxide nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (anti-CEA/THi-CS-GO/GCE) as an indicator of cancer monitoring. THi-CS-GO nanocomposites were made using ultrasonication, and analyses of their morphology and crystal structure using SEM, FTIR, and XRD showed that thionine and chitosan molecules were intercalated with stacking interactions with both the top and bottom of GO nanosheets. Electrochemical experiments revealed anti-CEA, THi-CS-GO/GCE to have exceptional sensitivity and selectivity towards CEA compounds. The detection limit value was established to be 0.8 pg/mL when it was discovered that variations in the decrease peak current were directly proportional to the logarithm concentration of CEA over a wide range from 10-3 to 104 ng/mL. Results of testing the immunosensor's application capability for detecting CEA in a sample of human serum show that ELISA and DPV results are very congruent. The produced immunosensor demonstrated adequate immunosensor precision in determining CEA in prepared genuine samples of human serum and clinical applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods
  2. Liew WP, Sabran MR
    J Food Drug Anal, 2022 Nov 23;30(4):549-561.
    PMID: 36753365 DOI: 10.38212/2224-6614.3430
    The co-occurrence and accumulation of mycotoxin in food and feed constitutes a major issue to food safety, food security, and public health. Accurate and sensitive mycotoxins analysis can avoid toxin contamination as well as reduce food wastage caused by false positive results. This mini review focuses on the recent advance in detection methods for multiple mycotoxins, which mainly depends on immunoassay technologies. Advance immunoassay technologies integrated in mycotoxin analysis enable simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins and enhance the outcomes' quality. It highlights toxicogenomic as novel approach for hazard assessment by utilizing computational methods to map molecular events and biological processes. Indeed, toxicogenomic is a powerful tool to understand health effects from mycotoxin exposure as it offers insight on the mechanisms by which mycotoxins exposures cause diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods
  3. Mohd Zain R, Shaiful Bahrin NI, Ellan K, Thayan R
    Malays J Pathol, 2021 Dec;43(3):463-464.
    PMID: 34958069
    No abstract available.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods*
  4. Mohd Ali MR, Sum JS, Aminuddin Baki NN, Choong YS, Nor Amdan NA, Amran F, et al.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2021 Jan 31;168:289-300.
    PMID: 33310091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.062
    Leptospirosis is a potentially fatal zoonosis that is caused by spirochete Leptospira. The signs and symptoms of leptospirosis are usually varied, allowing it to be mistaken for other causes of acute febrile syndromes. Thus, early diagnosis and identification of a specific agent in clinical samples is crucial for effective treatment. This study was aimed to develop specific monoclonal antibodies against LipL21 antigen for future use in leptospirosis rapid and accurate immunoassay. A recombinant LipL21 (rLipL21) antigen was optimized for expression and evaluated for immunogenicity. Then, a naïve phage antibody library was utilized to identify single chain fragment variable (scFv) clones against the rLipL21 antigen. A total of 47 clones were analysed through monoclonal phage ELISA. However, after taking into consideration the background OD405 values, only 4 clones were sent for sequencing to determine human germline sequences. The sequence analysis showed that all 4 clones are identical. The in silico analysis of scFv-lip-1 complex indicated that the charged residues of scFv CDRs are responsible for the recognition with rLipL21 epitopes. The generated monoclonal antibody against rLipL21 will be evaluated as a detection reagent for the diagnosis of human leptospirosis in a future study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods
  5. Mohd Azmi UZ, Yusof NA, Abdullah J, Alang Ahmad SA, Mohd Faudzi FN, Ahmad Raston NH, et al.
    Mikrochim Acta, 2021 01 06;188(1):20.
    PMID: 33404779 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04669-x
    An early detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is very important to reduce the number of fatal cases and allow for fast recovery. However, the interpretation of the result from smear microscopy requires skilled personnel due to the propensity of the method to produce false-negative results. In this work, a portable, rapid, and simple sandwich-type immunosensor reader has been developed that is able to detect the presence of M. tuberculosis in sputum samples. By using sandwich-type immunosensor, an anti-CFP10-ESAT6 antibody was immobilized onto the graphene/polyaniline (GP/PANI)-modified gold screen-printed electrode. After incubation with the target CFP10-ESAT6 antigen, the iron/gold magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4/Au MNPs) conjugated with anti-CFP10-ESAT6 antibody were used to complete the sandwich format. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique was used to detect the CFP10-ESAT6 antigen at the potential range of 0.0-1.0 V. The detection time is less than 2 h. Under optimal condition, CFP10-ESAT6 antigen was detected in a linear range from 10 to 500 ng mL-1 with a limit of detection at 1.5 ng mL-1. The method developed from this process was then integrated into a portable reader. The performance of the sensor was investigated and compared with the standard methods (culture and smear microscopy). It provides a good correlation (100% sensitivity and 91.7% specificity) with both methods of detection for M. tuberculosis in sputum samples henceforth, demonstrating the potential of the device as a more practical screening tool.Graphical abstract.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods
  6. Awaludin N, Abdullah J, Salam F, Ramachandran K, Yusof NA, Wasoh H
    Anal Biochem, 2020 12 01;610:113876.
    PMID: 32750357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113876
    The identification of rice bacterial leaf blight disease requires a simple, rapid, highly sensitive, and quantitative approach that can be applied as an early detection monitoring tool in rice health. This paper highlights the development of a turn-off fluorescence-based immunoassay for the early detection of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), a gram-negative bacterium that causes rice bacterial leaf blight disease. Antibodies against Xoo bacterial cells were produced as specific bio-recognition molecules and the conjugation of these antibodies with graphene quantum dots and gold nanoparticles was performed and characterized, respectively. The combination of both these bio-probes as a fluorescent donor and metal quencher led to changes in the fluorescence signal. The immunoreaction between AntiXoo-GQDs, Xoo cells, and AntiXoo-AuNPs in the immuno-aggregation complex led to the energy transfer in the turn-off fluorescence-based quenching system. The change in fluorescence intensity was proportional to the logarithm of Xoo cells in the range of 100-105 CFU mL-1. The limit of detection was achieved at 22 CFU mL-1 and the specificity test against other plant disease pathogens showed high specificity towards Xoo. The detection of Xoo in real plant samples was also performed in this study and demonstrated satisfactory results.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods*
  7. Ogunfowokan O, Ogunfowokan BA, Nwajei AI
    Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med, 2020 Jun 17;12(1):e1-e8.
    PMID: 32634015 DOI: 10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2212
    BACKGROUND: Malaria diagnosis using microscopy is currently the gold standard. However, malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) were developed to simplify the diagnosis in regions without access to functional microscopy.

    AIM: The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of mRDT CareStatTM with microscopy.

    SETTING: This study was conducted in the paediatric primary care clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study for diagnostic accuracy was conducted from May 2016 to October 2016. Ninety-eight participants were involved to obtain a precision of 5%, sensitivity of mRDT CareStatTM of 95% from published work and 95% level of confidence after adjusting for 20% non-response rate or missing data. Consecutive participants were tested using both microscopy and mRDT. The results were analysed using EPI Info Version 7.

    RESULTS: A total of 98 children aged 3-59 months were enrolled. Malaria prevalence was found to be 53% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 46% - 60%), whilst sensitivity and specificity were 29% (95% CI = 20% - 38%) and 89% (95% CI = 83% - 95%), respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 75% (95% CI = 66.4% - 83.6%) and 53% (95% CI = 46% - 60%), respectively.

    CONCLUSION: Agreement between malaria parasitaemia using microscopy and mRDT positivity increased with increase in the parasite density. The mRDT might be negative when malaria parasite density using microscopy is low.

    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods
  8. Chong YM, Tan XH, Hooi PS, Lee LM, Sam IC, Chan YF
    J Med Virol, 2019 08;91(8):1562-1565.
    PMID: 31032971 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25495
    Rapid diagnosis of influenza is important for early treatment and institution of control measures. In developing tropical countries such as Malaysia, influenza occurs all year round, but molecular assays and conventional techniques (such as immunofluorescence and culture) for diagnosis are not widely available. Rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) may be useful in this setting. A total of 552 fresh respiratory specimens were assessed from patients with respiratory symptoms at a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from November 2017 to March 2018. Two digital immunoassays (DIAs), STANDARD F Influenza A/B Fluorescence Immunoassay (STANDARD F) and Sofia Influenza A + B Fluorescence Immunoassay (Sofia) and one conventional RIDT (immunochromatographic assay), SD Bioline Influenza Ag A/B/A(H1N1) Pandemic rapid test kit (SD Bioline) were evaluated in comparison with a WHO-recommended reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Of the 552 samples, influenza A virus was detected in 47 (8.5%) and influenza B virus in 7 (1.3%). The digital immunoassays STANDARD F and Sofia had significantly higher overall sensitivity rates (71.7% and 70.6%, respectively) than the conventional RIDT SD Bioline and immunofluorescence/viral culture (55.8% and 52.8%, respectively). Sensitivity rates were higher for influenza A than influenza B, and specificity rates were uniformly high, ranging from 98% to 100%. Digital readout RIDTs can be used in tropical settings with year-round influenza if PCR is unavailable.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods*
  9. Ting HY, Sthaneshwar P, Bee PC, Shanmugam H, Lim M
    Pathology, 2019 Aug;51(5):507-511.
    PMID: 31253381 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2019.04.002
    Serum protein (SPE) and immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) have been extensively validated for the routine use of identifying, characterising and quantifying monoclonal proteins. However, accurate quantitation of IgA monoclonal proteins can be difficult when they migrate in to the β fraction, due to co-migration with transferrin and complement components. The heavy/light chain (HLC) immunoassay is an additional tool for measuring intact immunoglobulin monoclonal proteins. Therefore, we aimed to examine the clinical utility of the HLC assay for the disease monitoring of IgG and IgA multiple myeloma (MM) patients. A total of 177 samples from 30 MM patients (21 IgG and 9 IgA) were analysed retrospectively with median number of six follow up samples per patient (range 3-13). Serum free light chains (sFLC) and HLC were quantified using Freelite and Hevylite immunoassays. Details of M-protein concentration, β-globulin levels, total immunoglobulin levels and disease treatment response were obtained from the laboratory and patient information system. Passing-Bablok regression analysis was performed to compare (i) M-protein quantification with involved HLC (iHLC) and (ii) total immunoglobulin with summated HLC pairs for each immunoglobulin type (e.g., IgGκ+IgGλ). For 127 IgG MM samples, IgG iHLC levels showed a good correlation with SPE quantification (iHLC y=0.96x+4.9; r=0.917) and summated HLC showed a good correlation with total IgG concentration (summated HLC y=0.94x+5.74; r=0.91). In total, 95/127 (75%) IgG MM follow-up samples had an abnormal HLC ratio and 122/127 (96%) had a positive SPE, probably due to the lower sensitivity of HLC assay in detecting clonality in patients with IgG MM. Consistent with this, one patient assigned a very good partial response by International Myeloma Working Group criteria would be assigned a complete response based on HLC measurements. For 50 IgA MM samples, 42/50 (84%) had an abnormal HLC ratio. Conversely, 50/50 (100%) of M-proteins showed β fraction migration and were difficult to accurately quantify by SPE. Therefore, M-protein concentration and iHLC did not correlate as well in IgA MM (y=1.9x-8.4; r=0.8) compared to IgG MM. However, there was good correlation between total IgA and summated IgA HLC (IgAκ+IgAλ y=1.35x-0.33; r=0.95). Of the 8/50 (16%) IgA samples with a normal HLC ratio, 6/8 (75%) were consistent with the disease status being in complete remission. Interestingly, in one IgA MM patient, SPE and IFE were negative, but the serum FLC ratio and involved FLC were highly abnormal, consistent with the presence of light chain escape. Our data suggest HLC measurements could add value to the current disease monitoring of MM patients. In IgG MM patients, the M-protein level correlated well with HLC values. The HLC assay complements the serum FLC assay and is especially useful for monitoring of IgA MM patients who display M-proteins migrating in the β region on SPE.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods*
  10. Zaborowski MP, Lee K, Na YJ, Sammarco A, Zhang X, Iwanicki M, et al.
    Cell Rep, 2019 Apr 02;27(1):255-268.e6.
    PMID: 30943406 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.003
    Analysis of cancer-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in biofluids potentially provides a source of disease biomarkers. At present there is no procedure to systematically identify which antigens should be targeted to differentiate cancer-derived from normal host cell-derived EVs. Here, we propose a computational framework that integrates information about membrane proteins in tumors and normal tissues from databases: UniProt, The Cancer Genome Atlas, the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project, and the Human Protein Atlas. We developed two methods to assess capture of EVs from specific cell types. (1) We used palmitoylated fluorescent protein (palmtdTomato) to label tumor-derived EVs. Beads displaying antibodies of interest were incubated with conditioned medium from palmtdTomato-expressing cells. Bound EVs were quantified using flow cytometry. (2) We also showed that membrane-bound Gaussia luciferase allows the detection of cancer-derived EVs in blood of tumor-bearing animals. Our analytical and validation platform should be applicable to identify antigens on EVs from any tumor type.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods
  11. Jahangir MA, Gilani SJ, Muheem A, Jafar M, Aslam M, Ansari MT, et al.
    Pharm Nanotechnol, 2019;7(3):234-245.
    PMID: 31486752 DOI: 10.2174/2211738507666190429113906
    BACKGROUND: The amalgamation of biological sciences with nano stuff has significantly expedited the progress of biological strategies, greatly promoting practical applications in biomedical fields.

    OBJECTIVE: With distinct optical attributes (e.g., robust photostability, restricted emission spectra, tunable broad excitation, and high quantum output), fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) have been feasibly functionalized with manageable interfaces and considerably utilized as a new class of optical probe in biological investigations.

    METHODS: In this review article, we structured the current advancements in the preparation methods and attributes of QDs. Furthermore, we extend an overview of the outstanding potential of QDs for biomedical research and radical approaches to drug delivery.

    CONCLUSION: Notably, the applications of QDs as smart next-generation nanosystems for neuroscience and pharmacokinetic studies have been explained. Moreover, recent interests in the potential toxicity of QDs are also apprised, ranging from cell investigations to animal studies.

    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods
  12. Alia SN, Joseph N, Philip N, Azhari NN, Garba B, Masri SN, et al.
    J Infect Public Health, 2018 11 27;12(2):263-269.
    PMID: 30502041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2018.10.137
    BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is often misdiagnosed with several other tropical febrile illnesses in Malaysia due to similarities in clinical manifestations. Although treatment regimens could be started based on clinical judgments, early diagnosis has become paramount as a guide to chemotherapeutic interventions. Confirmed laboratory diagnosis through MAT or PCR is time consuming and usually available only in reference laboratories and not practical in healthcare settings. Rapid and easy to perform diagnostic tests are widely used in these settings as the point of care diagnosis. The present study was undertaken to compare the diagnostic performance of two IgM based immunodiagnostic assay kits for acute leptospirosis.

    METHODS: A total of 50 serum samples were collected from patients clinically suspected for acute leptospirosis on admission in the Hospital Serdang, from June 2016 to June 2017. All the samples were subjected to MAT, lipL32 PCR and the two rapid tests (Leptocheck-WB and ImmuneMed Leptospira IgM Duo Rapid test).

    RESULTS: Out of the 50 clinically suspected patients sampled, 19 were confirmed positive for leptospirosis. Six (12%) were confirmed by MAT and 13 (26%) by PCR. Similarly, of the 50 clinically suspected cases, 17 (34%) showed positivity for Leptocheck-WB and 7 (14%) for ImmuneMed Leptospira IgM Duo Rapid test. The overall sensitivity and specificity was 47.37% and 80.65% for Leptocheck-WB, and 21.05% and 90.32% for ImmuneMed Leptospira IgM Duo Rapid test. In another set of previously confirmed MAT positive samples (1:400-1:3600) obtained from a reference laboratory, Leptocheck-WB showed higher sensitivity (90.72%) than ImmuneMed Leptospira IgM Duo Rapid test (40.21%), and comparable specificity for ImmuneMed Leptospira IgM Duo Rapid test (88.89%) and Leptocheck-WB (82.86%).

    CONCLUSION: The sensitivity was higher for Leptocheck-WB and had a comparable specificity with ImmuneMed Leptospira IgM Duo Rapid test. Therefore, based on the present study, Leptocheck-WB is found to be a more sensitive rapid immunodiagnostic test for acute leptospirosis screening in hospital settings.

    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods*
  13. Jahanshahi P, Wei Q, Jie Z, Ghomeishi M, Sekaran SD, Mahamd Adikan FR
    Bioengineered, 2017 May 04;8(3):239-247.
    PMID: 27533620 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2016.1223413
    Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing is recently emerging as a valuable technique for measuring the binding constants, association and dissociation rate constants, and stoichimetry for a binding interaction kinetics in a number of emerging biological areas. This technique can be applied to the study of immune system diseases in order to contribute to improved understanding and evaluation of binding parameters for a variety of interactions between antigens and antibodies biochemically and clinically. Since the binding constants determination of an anti-protein dengue antibody (Ab) to a protein dengue antigen (Ag) is mostly complicated, the SPR technique aids a determination of binding parameters directly for a variety of particular dengue Ag_Ab interactions in the real-time. The study highlights the doctrine of real-time dengue Ag_Ab interaction kinetics as well as to determine the binding parameters that is performed with SPR technique. In addition, this article presents a precise prediction as a reference curve for determination of dengue sample concentration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods
  14. Jambari NN, Wang X, Alcocer M
    Methods Mol Biol, 2017;1592:129-137.
    PMID: 28315216 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6925-8_10
    Protein microarray is a miniaturized multi-analyte, solid-phased immunoassay where thousands of immobilized individual protein spots on a microscopic slide bind are bound to specific antibodies (immunoglobulins) from serum samples, which are then detected by fluorescent labeling. The image processing and pattern recognition are then quantitatively analyzed using advanced algorithms. Here, we describe the use of an in-house-produced complex protein microarray containing extracts and pure proteins that has been probed with antibodies present in the horse sera and detection by fluorophore-conjugated antibody and data analysis. The flexibility of the number and types of proteins that can be printed on the microarray allows different set of specific IgE immunoassay analysis to be carried out.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods
  15. Kremastinou J, Polymerou V, Lavranos D, Aranda Arrufat A, Harwood J, Martínez Lorenzo MJ, et al.
    J Clin Microbiol, 2016 09;54(9):2330-6.
    PMID: 27358468 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02544-15
    Treponema pallidum infections can have severe complications if not diagnosed and treated at an early stage. Screening and diagnosis of syphilis require assays with high specificity and sensitivity. The Elecsys Syphilis assay is an automated treponemal immunoassay for the detection of antibodies against T. pallidum The performance of this assay was investigated previously in a multicenter study. The current study expands on that evaluation in a variety of diagnostic settings and patient populations, at seven independent laboratories. The samples included routine diagnostic samples, blood donation samples, samples from patients with confirmed HIV infections, samples from living organ or bone marrow donors, and banked samples, including samples previously confirmed as syphilis positive. This study also investigated the seroconversion sensitivity of the assay. With a total of 1,965 syphilis-negative routine diagnostic samples and 5,792 syphilis-negative samples collected from blood donations, the Elecsys Syphilis assay had specificity values of 99.85% and 99.86%, respectively. With 333 samples previously identified as syphilis positive, the sensitivity was 100% regardless of disease stage. The assay also showed 100% sensitivity and specificity with samples from 69 patients coinfected with HIV. The Elecsys Syphilis assay detected infection in the same bleed or earlier, compared with comparator assays, in a set of sequential samples from a patient with primary syphilis. In archived serial blood samples collected from 14 patients with direct diagnoses of primary syphilis, the Elecsys Syphilis assay detected T. pallidum antibodies for 3 patients for whom antibodies were not detected with the Architect Syphilis TP assay, indicating a trend for earlier detection of infection, which may have the potential to shorten the time between infection and reactive screening test results.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods*
  16. Ang SH, Thevarajah TM, Woi PM, Alias YB, Khor SM
    J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 2016 Mar 15;1015-1016:157-165.
    PMID: 26927875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.01.059
    An immunosensor that operates based on the principles of lateral flow was developed for direct detection of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in whole blood. We utilized colloidal gold-functionalized antibodies to transduce the specific signal generated when sandwich immuno-complexes were formed on the strip in the presence of HbA1c. The number and intensity of the test lines on the strips indicate normal, under control, and elevated levels of HbA1c. In addition, a linear relationship between HbA1c levels and immunosensor signal intensity was confirmed, with a dynamic range of 4-14% (20-130 mmol mol(-1)) HbA1c. Using this linear relationship, we determined the HbA1c levels in blood as a function of the signal intensity on the strips. Measurements were validated using the Bio-Rad Variant II HPLC and DCA Vantage tests. Moreover, the immunosensor was verified to be highly selective for detection of HbA1c against HbA0, glycated species of HbA0, and HbA2. The limit of detection was found to be 42.5 μg mL(-1) (1.35 mmol mol(-1)) HbA1c, which is reasonably sensitive compared to the values reported for microarray immunoassays. The shelf life of the immunosensor was estimated to be 1.4 months when stored at ambient temperature, indicating that the immunoassay is stable. Thus, the lateral flow immunosensor developed here was shown to be capable of performing selective, accurate, rapid, and stable detection of HbA1c in human blood samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods*
  17. Chin CF, Ler LW, Choong YS, Ong EB, Ismail A, Tye GJ, et al.
    J Microbiol Methods, 2016 Jan;120:6-14.
    PMID: 26581498 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.11.007
    Antibody phage display panning involves the enrichment of antibodies against specific targets by affinity. In recent years, several new methods for panning have been introduced to accommodate the growing application of antibody phage display. The present work is concerned with the application of streptavidin mass spectrometry immunoassay (MSIA™) Disposable Automation Research Tips (D.A.R.T's®) for antibody phage display. The system was initially designed to isolate antigens by affinity selection for mass spectrometry analysis. The streptavidin MSIA™ D.A.R.T's® system allows for easy attachment of biotinylated target antigens on the solid surface for presentation to the phage library. As proof-of-concept, a domain antibody library was passed through the tips attached with the Hemolysin E antigen. After binding and washing, the bound phages were eluted via standard acid dissociation and the phages were rescued for subsequent panning rounds. Polyclonal enrichment was observed for three rounds of panning with five monoclonal domain antibodies identified. The proposed method allows for a convenient, rapid and semi-automated alternative to conventional antibody panning strategies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods*
  18. Yoo SJ, Wang LL, Ning HC, Tao CM, Hirankarn N, Kuakarn S, et al.
    J Clin Virol, 2015 Mar;64:20-7.
    PMID: 25728074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.12.015
    Early diagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is essential to allow appropriate treatment and prevent transmission.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods*
  19. Eamsobhana P, Prasartvit A, Gan XX, Yong HS
    Trop Biomed, 2015 Mar;32(1):121-5.
    PMID: 25801261
    Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the most frequent cause of eosinophilic meningitis in humans in Thailand and worldwide. Because of difficulty of recovering the Angiostrongylus larvae from infected patients, detection of parasite-specific antibodies is used to support clinical diagnosis. This study tested serum samples from eosinophilic meningitis patients and individuals at risk of infection with A. cantonensis to evaluate a recently developed simple and rapid dot-immunogold filtration assay (DIGFA) for detection of specific antibodies against A. cantonensis. Purified 31-kDa glycoprotein of A. cantonensis and protein A colloidal gold conjugate were employed to detect the 31-kDa anti-A. cantonensis antibody in patients sera from the parasite endemic areas of northeast Thailand. The results were compared with those obtained by dot-blot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with 31-kDa A. cantonensis antigen. The overall positivity rate of DIGFA and dot-blot ELISA for A. cantonensis infection in 98 clinically diagnosed cases from three highly endemic districts in Khon Kaen province were 39.79% and 37.75%, respectively. Among 86 sera of subjects at risk of infection with A. cantonensis, 24.41% were positive by DIGFA and 23.25% by dot-blot ELISA. There were good correlation between the visual grading of DIGFA and dot-blot ELISA in both groups of defined sera. DIGFA is as sensitive and specific as dot-blot ELISA for confirming eosinophilic meningitis due to A. cantonensis infection, with advantages of simplicity, rapidity and without the use of specific and expensive equipment, and can be used in field settings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods
  20. Loh Q, Omar N, Glökler J, Lim TS
    Anal Biochem, 2014 Oct 15;463:67-9.
    PMID: 24972268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.06.012
    Immunoassays are often coupled to peroxidase activity for antigen detection. Sensitivity and speed of detection has been increased by the advent of hybrid methods such as immuno-PCR (polymerase chain reaction). However, a more simplified immunoassay that retains both colorimetric peroxidase detection and effective DNA amplification in a setting closer to field application conditions has been nonexistent. Here we describe a method that successfully combines a competitive immunoassay with the new isothermal quadruplex-primed amplification (QPA) to generate excess quadruplex reporter molecules with intrinsic peroxidase DNAzyme activity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoassay/methods*
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