MyMedR

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 328 in total

Abstract:

Sort:

Fulltext Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Refugee and Migrant Pregnant Women along the Thailand-Myanmar Border

van Enter BJD, Lau YL, Ling CL, Watthanaworawit W, Sukthana Y, Lee WC, et al.

Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2017 Jul;97(1):232-235.
PMID: 28719309 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0999

Toxoplasma gondii primary infection in pregnancy is associated with poor obstetric outcomes. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection in pregnant migrant and refugee women from Myanmar attending antenatal care in Thailand. A random selection of 199 residual blood samples from first antenatal screen in 2014-2015 was tested for Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection was 31.7% (95% confidence interval = 25.6-38.4). Avidity testing in the three positive IgM cases indicated all were past infections. Multiparity (≥ 3 children) was significantly associated with higher Toxoplasma seropositivity rates. Seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in this pregnant population is similar to the only other report from Myanmar, where multiparity was also identified as a significant association. Toxoplasma infection is important in pregnant women. Nevertheless, in this marginalized population, this infection may be given less priority, due to resource constraints in providing the most basic components of safe motherhood programs.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
Fulltext Detection of Strongyloides stercoralis infection among cancer patients in a major hospital in Kelantan, Malaysia

Zueter AM, Mohamed Z, Abdullah AD, Mohamad N, Arifin N, Othman N, et al.

Singapore Med J, 2014 Jul;55(7):367-71.
PMID: 25091885

INTRODUCTION: Strongyloidiasis is one of the most commonly neglected but clinically important parasitic infections worldwide, especially among immunocompromised patients. Evidence of infection among immunocompromised patients in Malaysia is, however, lacking. In this study, microscopy, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to detect Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) infection among cancer patients in a Malaysian hospital.

METHODS: A total of 192 stool and serum samples were collected from cancer patients who were receiving chemotherapy with or without steroid treatment at a hospital in northeastern Malaysia. Stool samples were examined for S. stercoralis using parasitological methods and real-time PCR. Serology by ELISA was performed to detect parasite-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG4 and immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. For comparison, IgG4- and IgG-ELISAs were also performed on the sera of 150 healthy individuals from the same area.

RESULTS: Of the 192 samples examined, 1 (0.5%) sample was positive for S. stercoralis by microscopy, 3 (1.6%) by real-time PCR, 8 (4.2%) by IgG-ELISA, 6 (3.1%) by IgG4-ELISA, and none was positive by IgE-ELISA. In comparison, healthy blood donors had significantly lower prevalence of parasite-specific IgG (2.67%, p < 0.05) and IgG4 (2.67%, p < 0.05) responses.

CONCLUSION: This study showed that laboratory testing may be considered as a diagnostic investigation for S. stercoralis among immunocompromised cancer patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
Oral vaccination with Lactococcus lactis expressing the Vibrio cholerae Wzm protein to enhance mucosal and systemic immunity

Zamri HF, Shamsudin MN, Rahim RA, Neela V

Vaccine, 2012 May 2;30(21):3231-8.
PMID: 22426330 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.02.012

A gene associated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) transport was cloned from a local clinical Vibrio cholerae O1 strain of the Ogawa serotype by using the Lactococcus lactis nisin-controlled expression (NICE) system. The V. cholerae wzm gene, which codes for an integral membrane transporter protein, was expressed and targeted to the cytoplasmic membrane, and was crudely isolated through simple centrifugation and SDS solubilization. To examine seroreactivity of this construct, rabbits were orally fed with 10(9) cfu/ml of live, recombinant L. lactis carrying the wzm gene, induced with nisin prior to administration. Recombinant plasmids were retrieved from L. lactis cultured directly from stool samples of inoculated rabbits. Reverse-transcriptase PCR of wzm using the retrieved plasmids confirmed transcription of this gene, indicating viability and stability of the recombinants in vivo. The L. lactis-Wzm construct elicited substantial levels of IgG and sIgA, and challenge with virulent V. cholerae O1 evoked severe diarrhoea in the naive, non-immunised control group, but not in those fed with either recombinant or non-recombinant L. lactis. Oral administration with recombinant L. lactis expressing the V. cholerae wzm gene increases both systemic and mucosal immunity, whereas L. lactis itself appears capable of protecting against the diarrhoeal symptoms caused by V. cholerae. Wzm is a conserved membrane protein associated with the LPS endotoxin, and together with the food-grade L. lactis, represent an attractive target for the development of a safer, live anti-infective therapy against V. cholerae.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
Fulltext Behavioural factors influencing the dengue infection : the study among students in the higher learning institution.

Zaiton Nasir, Illina Ishak, Osman Ali

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2001;1(1):39-43.
MyJurnal

Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic jiever are still a serious public health problem among people in developing countries. The study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice among students in University Technology of MARA in Shah Alam Selangor, Malaysia, and to determine its association withprevious infection. A total of 218 students were selected randomly fom several residential colleges within the university main campus. They were interviewed for their perception of risk to dengue and their blood were taken for serological examination (Dengue IgG). It was found that 49.1% of students have had previous infection, however onlv 0.9% had history of symptomatic dengue infection. Males students originating fom urban areas were more at risk of being infected. The perception of risk to dengue was good among students but this factor is
unable to explain the magnitude of infection among them. Further study should look at the interaction between behaviour and environment among students who are sero negative.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G
Mature Erythrocyte Surface Antigen Protein Identified in the Serum of Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Patients

Zainudin NS, Othman N, Muhi J, Abdu Sani AA, Noordin R

Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2015 Dec;93(6):1268-73.
PMID: 26392156 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0333

This study was performed to identify circulating Plasmodium falciparum proteins in patient serum, which may be useful as diagnostic markers. Depletion of highly abundant proteins from each pooled serum sample obtained from P. falciparum-infected patients and healthy individuals was performed using the Proteoseek Antibody-Based Albumin/IgG Removal Kit (Thermo Scientific, Rockford, IL). In analysis 1, the depleted serum was analyzed directly by NanoLC-MS/MS. In analysis 2, the depleted serum was separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by western blot analysis. Subsequently, the selected band was analyzed by NanoLC-MS/MS. The result of analysis 1 revealed the presence of two mature erythrocyte surface antigen (MESA) proteins and chloroquine resistance transporter protein (PfCRT). In addition, analysis 2 revealed an antigenic 75-kDa band when the membrane was probed with purified IgG from the pooled serum obtained from P. falciparum-infected patients. MS/MS analysis of this protein band revealed fragments of P. falciparum MESA proteins. Thus, in this study, two different analyses revealed the presence of Plasmodium MESA protein in pooled serum from malaria patients; thus, this protein should be further investigated to determine its usefulness as a diagnostic marker.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
Diagnostic performance of COVID-19 serology assays

Zainol Rashid Z, Othman SN, Abdul Samat MN, Ali UK, Wong KK

Malays J Pathol, 2020 Apr;42(1):13-21.
PMID: 32342927

INTRODUCTION: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 outbreak as a world pandemic on 12th March 2020. Diagnosis of suspected cases is confirmed by nucleic acid assays with real-time PCR, using respiratory samples. Serology tests are comparatively easier to perform, but their utility may be limited by the performance and the fact that antibodies appear later during the disease course. We aimed to describe the performance data on serological assays for COVID-19.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A review of multiple reports and kit inserts on the diagnostic performance of rapid tests from various manufacturers that are commercially available were performed. Only preliminary data are available currently.
RESULTS: From a total of nine rapid detection test (RDT) kits, three kits offer total antibody detection, while six kits offer combination SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG detection in two separate test lines. All kits are based on colloidal gold-labeled immunochromatography principle and one-step method with results obtained within 15 minutes, using whole blood, serum or plasma samples. The sensitivity for both IgM and IgG tests ranges between 72.7% and 100%, while specificity ranges between 98.7% to 100%. Two immunochromatography using nasopharyngeal or throat swab for detection of COVID-19 specific antigen are also reviewed.
CONCLUSIONS: There is much to determine regarding the value of serological testing in COVID-19 diagnosis and monitoring. More comprehensive evaluations of their performance are rapidly underway. The use of serology methods requires appropriate interpretations of the results and understanding the strengths and limitations of such tests.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
Sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus cross-neutralizes dengue viruses

Zainal N, Tan KK, Johari J, Hussein H, Wan Musa WR, Hassan J, et al.

Microbiol. Immunol., 2018 Oct;62(10):659-672.
PMID: 30259549 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12652

Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-borne disease in Southeast Asia, where the incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is approximately 30 to 53 per 100,000. Severe dengue, however, is rarely reported among individuals with SLE. Here, whether sera of patients with SLE cross-neutralize dengue virus (DENV) was investigated. Serum samples were obtained from individuals with SLE who were dengue IgG and IgM serology negative. Neutralization assays were performed against the three major DENV serotypes. Of the dengue serology negative sera of individuals with SLE, 60%, 61% and 52% of the sera at 1/320 dilution showed more than 50% inhibition against dengue type-1 virus (DENV-1), DENV-2 and DENV-3, respectively. The neutralizing capacity of the sera was significantly greater against DENV-1 (P

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
Production of Toxocara cati TES-120 Recombinant Antigen and Comparison with its T. canis Homolog for Serodiagnosis of Toxocariasis

Zahabiun F, Sadjjadi SM, Yunus MH, Rahumatullah A, Moghaddam MH, Saidin S, et al.

Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2015 Aug;93(2):319-25.
PMID: 26033026 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0190

Toxocariasis is a cosmopolitan zoonotic disease caused by the infective larvae of Toxocara canis and T. cati. Diagnosis in humans is usually based on clinical symptoms and serology. Immunoglobulin G (IgG)-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits using T. canis excretory-secretory (TES) larval antigens are commonly used for serodiagnosis. Differences in the antigens of the two Toxocara species may influence the diagnostic sensitivity of the test. In this study, T. cati recombinant TES-120 (rTES-120) was cloned, expressed, and compared with its T. canis homolog in an IgG4-western blot. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of T. cati rTES-120 were 70% (33/47) and 100% (39/39), respectively. T. canis rTES-120 showed 57.4% sensitivity and 94.4% specificity. When the results of assays using rTES-120 of both species were considered, the diagnostic sensitivity was 76%. This study shows that using antigens from both Toxocara species may improve the serodiagnosis of toxocariasis.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
The effects of exclusion of dietary egg and milk in the management of asthmatic children: a pilot study

Yusoff NA, Hampton SM, Dickerson JW, Morgan JB

J R Soc Promot Health, 2004 Mar;124(2):74-80.
PMID: 15067979 DOI: 10.1177/146642400412400211

Current understanding of the use of exclusion diets in the management of asthma in children is limited and controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of excluding eggs and milk on the occurrence of symptoms in children with asthma and involved 22 children aged between three and 14 years clinically diagnosed as having mild to moderate disease. The investigation was single blind and prospective, and parents were given the option of volunteering to join the 'experiment' group, avoiding eggs, milk and their products for eight weeks, or the 'control' group, who consumed their customary food. Thirteen children were recruited to the experimental group and nine to the control group. A trained paediatrician at the beginning and end of the study period assessed the children. A seven-day assessment of food intake was made before, during and immediately after the period of dietary intervention in both groups. A blood sample was taken from each child for determination of food specific antibodies and in those children who could do so, the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was measured. Based on the recommended nutrient intake (RNI), the mean percentage energy intake of the children in the experimental group was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the experimental group. After the eight-week study period and compared with baseline values, the mean serum anti-ovalbumin IgG and anti-beta lactoglobulin IgG concentrations were statistically significantly reduced (p < 0.05) for both in the experimental group. In contrast, the values for anti-ovalbumin IgG in the control group were significantly increased and those for anti-beta lactoglobulin IgG were practically unchanged. The total IgE values were unchanged in both groups. Over the study period, the PEFR in those children in the experimental group able to perform the test was significantly increased, but no such change was noted in the children in the control group who could do the test. These results suggest that even over the short time period of eight weeks, an egg- and milk-free diet can reduce atopic symptoms and improve lung function in asthmatic children.
Study site: Outpatient Department, Royal County Hospital and the Frimley Children’s Centre, United Kingdom

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood; Immunoglobulin G/immunology
Fulltext Seroprevalence of diphtheria toxoid IgG antibodies in the Malaysian population

Yusoff AF, Mohd Sharani ZZ, Kee CC, Md Iderus NH, Md Zamri ASS, Nagalingam T, et al.

BMC Infect Dis, 2021 Jun 16;21(1):581.
PMID: 34134646 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06285-3

BACKGROUND: Despite high childhood immunization coverage, sporadic cases of diphtheria have been reported in Malaysia in recent years. This study aims to evaluate the seroprevalence of diphtheria among the Malaysian population.
METHODS: A total of 3317 respondents age 2 years old to 60 years old were recruited in this study from August to November 2017. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the level of IgG antibody against the toxoid of C. diphtheriae in the blood samples of respondents. We classified respondent antibody levels based on WHO definition, as protective (≥0.1 IU/mL) and susceptible (

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*
Levels of serum IgG against Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis and adult periodontitis

Yusof Z, Porter SR, Greenman J, Scully C

J Nihon Univ Sch Dent, 1995 Dec;37(4):197-200.
PMID: 8820338

Levels of serum IgG against Porphyromonas gingivalis cell sonicate were determined in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 25), rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP)(n = 25) and adult periodontitis (AP)(n = 15) and controls (HP)(n = 10) utilizing the ELISA technique. Comparison between groups showed no significant differences between the HP and RA groups and also between the RPP and AP groups. The increased levels of IgG in the RPP and AP groups were comparable. Significant differences in IgG levels were noted between HP and RPP (p<0.05) and between HP and AP (p<0.01). The differences between RA and RPP and between RA and AP were highly significant (p<0.0001). Thus it was revealed that the serum levels of IgG against P. gingivalis in RPP and AP patients were elevated, whereas the levels in RA patients were comparable to those in controls.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*
Fulltext Rubella outbreak amongst residential students in a military vocational school of Malaysia

Yusof AB, Selvanesan S, Norizah I, Zuridah H, Kumarasamy V, Mariam M, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Aug;61(3):296-301.
PMID: 17240579 MyJurnal

An outbreak of rubella occurred amongst 303 newly recruited residential Form IV students in a military vocational training school in Malaysia. Of the 303 Form IV students, 77 gave a history of acute illness. Rubella specific IgM was detected in the sera of 46.5% (141/303) whereas rubella specific IgG was detected in 100% of all Form IV students. Sixty five students with no clinical history of acute illness during the outbreak period had detectable rubella IgM in their sera and rubella specific IgM was detected in the sera of all symptomatic students except one. Maculopapular rash was the commonest presenting clinical feature among students with acute rubella infection in this outbreak (97.4%) followed by fever (88.2%). The duration of rash ranged from one to nine days with a mean of 4.6 days. Of the 65 students that had both fever and rash, 56 (85.2%) students had maculopapular skin eruption on the same day as the date of onset of fever, six (9.2%) developed the rash a day after the onset of fever and three (4.6%) had the rash after two days of fever. The duration of fever ranged from one to eight days with a mean of 3.5 days. The duration of conjunctivitis ranged from one to four days with a mean of 2.3 days, and all those who developed conjunctivitis had mild eye-discharge without photophobia. The duration of arthralgia ranged from one to three days with a mean of 2.1 days. The commonest type of joints affected was knee joints (66.7%, 12/18), followed by elbow and shoulder joints (27.8%, 5/18) and wrist joints (5.6%, 1/18). A good clinical history of the temporal relationship between the occurrence of rash and fever during the outbreak could easily differentiate rubella illness from that of measles.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
Lateral Flow Dipstick Test for Serodiagnosis of Strongyloidiasis

Yunus MH, Arifin N, Balachandra D, Anuar NS, Noordin R

Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2019 08;101(2):432-435.
PMID: 31218996 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0053

The conventional method of detecting Strongyloides stercoralis in fecal samples has poor diagnostic sensitivity. Detection of Strongyloides-specific antibodies increases the sensitivity; however, most tests are ELISAs that use parasite extract which may cross-react with the sera of other helminth infections. To improve the serological diagnosis of strongyloidiasis, this study aimed at developing a sensitive and specific lateral flow rapid dipstick test. Two recombinant proteins, recombinant NIE (rNIE) and recombinant Ss1a (rSs1a), were used in preparing the dipstick, with gold-conjugated antihuman IgG4 as detector reagent. In parallel, the corresponding ELISA was performed. Both assays demonstrated diagnostic sensitivity of 91.3% (21/23) when tested with serum samples of patients with Strongyloides infection, and 100% specificity with 82 sera of asymptomatic (healthy) and those with other parasitic infections. The ELISA and dipstick test results were positively correlated to each other (r = 0.6114, P = 0.0019). The developed lateral flow dipstick test may improve the serodiagnosis of strongyloidiasis and merit further validation studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
Fulltext Analysis of the relations between allergen specific LgG antibody and allergic dermatosis of 14 kinds foods

Yin'e H, Shufang D, Bin W, Wei Q, Junling G, Ashraf MA

Open Med (Wars), 2015;10(1):405-409.
PMID: 28352727 DOI: 10.1515/med-2015-0070

To use food-specific IgG antibody detection to explore its application in the allergy dermatoses. 181 patients were included from January 2014 to September 2014. Fourteen food-specific IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA. The positive rates of IgG antibody of the patient group and the healthy group were significantly different. The positive rates of IgG antibody of egg, milk, shrimp and crab took a large proportion in three groups of patients with three kinds of allergy dermatoses of urticaria, eczema and allergic dermatitis, the proportion of which was respectively 70.2%, 77.8% and 71.7%. There was mild and moderate intolerance of food in the allergic dermatitis group while there was no distribution difference of food intolerance in urticaria group and eczema group. Among urticaria and allergic dermatitis patients with positive antibody, the positive rate of children was significantly higher than that of adults while there was no significant difference between children and adults among eczema patients with positive antibody. Allergy dermatoses are closely related to food-specific IgG antibody and the allergy dermatoses patients have a high incidence rate of food intolerance; detecting IgG antibody in patients is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of allergy dermatoses.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G
Fulltext The relevance of specific serum IgG, IgG4 and IgE in the determination of shrimp and crab allergies in Malaysian allergic rhinitis patients

Yeoh SM, Sam CK

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol, 2001 Mar;19(1):7-10.
PMID: 11495303

The significance of food specific serum IgG4 antibody in food allergy is unclear and this led us to investigate the relevance of specific IgG4, along with IgG and IgE antibodies to two common food allergens in Malaysia. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the serum antibodies in 143 allergic rhinitis patients' sera, of which 47 were from patients with clinical indication of shrimp allergy, 46 with clinical indication of crab allergy and 50 without indication to either allergy. Clinical indication of allergy was based on answers to a questionnaire or results of the skin prick test. We found that the elevation of specific IgE or IgG4 is associated with shrimp and crab allergies but elevation of specific IgG is not associated with either allergy. However, the clinical utility of elevated specific IgG and IgG4 levels is pending further investigation.
Study site: Allergic rhinitis clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*; Immunoglobulin G/immunology*
Co-occurrence of acute ophthalmoplegia (without ataxia) and idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Yeak J, Zahari M, Singh S, Mohamad NF

Eur J Ophthalmol, 2019 Jul;29(4):NP1-NP4.
PMID: 30280587 DOI: 10.1177/1120672118803532

BACKGROUND: Acute ophthalmoparesis without ataxia was designated as 'atypical Miller Fisher syndrome' as it presents with progressive, relatively symmetrical ophthalmoplegia, but without ataxia nor limb weakness, in the presence of anti-GQ1b antibody. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is characterized by signs of raised intracranial pressure occurring in the absence of cerebral pathology, with normal composition of cerebrospinal fluid and a raised opening pressure of more than 20 cmH2O during lumbar puncture. We aim to report a rare case of acute ophthalmoplegia with co-occurrence of raised intracranial pressure.
CASE DESCRIPTION: A 28-year-old gentleman with body mass index of 34.3 was referred to us for management of double vision of 2 weeks duration. His symptom started after a brief episode of upper respiratory tract infection. His best corrected visual acuity was 6/6 OU. He had bilateral sixth nerve palsy worse on the left eye and bilateral hypometric saccade. His deep tendon reflexes were found to be hyporeflexic in all four limbs. No sensory or motor power deficit was detected, and his gait was normal. Plantar reflexes were downwards bilaterally and cerebellar examination was normal. Both optic discs developed hyperaemia and swelling. Magnetic resonance imaging of brain was normal and lumbar puncture revealed an opening pressure of 50 cmH2O. Anti-GQ1b IgG and anti-GT1a IgG antibody were tested positive.
CONCLUSION: Acute ophthalmoparesis without ataxia can present with co-occurrence of raised intracranial pressure. It is important to have a full fundoscopic assessment to look for papilloedema in patients presenting with Miller Fisher syndrome or acute ophthalmoparesis without ataxia.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
Human Fc gamma receptor IIA (FcgammaRIIA) genotyping and association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Chinese and Malays in Malaysia

Yap SN, Phipps ME, Manivasagar M, Tan SY, Bosco JJ

Lupus, 1999;8(4):305-10.
PMID: 10413210 DOI: 10.1191/096120399678847876

SLE is an autoimmune and polygenic disorder characterized by an accumulation and deposition of immune complexes. Several studies have indicated differential impact of FcgammaR polymorphism genotypes in different ethnic groups studied. The Fc receptor for IgG class IIA gene (FcgammaRIIA) occurs in two allelic forms. The allele FcgammaRIIA-H131 encodes a receptor with a histidine at the 131 amino acid position; the other allele FcgammaRIIA-R131 encodes an arginine. This polymorphism is believed to determine the affinity of the receptor for hIgG2 in immune complexes. FcgammaRIIA-H131 has a higher capacity for hIgG2 compared to FcgammaRIIA-R131 as measured by in vitro studies of insoluble immune complex clearance. We have investigated the polymorphism for FcgammaRIIA using a novel polymerase chain reaction-allele specific primer (PCR-ASP) method designed specifically to distinguish the two allelic forms. Our studies were based on 175 Chinese and 50 Malays SLE patients as well as 108 and 50 ethnically matched healthy controls for the respective groups. Analysis of the data (chi2 test with Yates correction factors and odds ratios) revealed that there were no significant differences between SLE patients and controls. We have not found evidence of a protective effect conferred by FcgammaRIIA-H131 in the ethnic groups studied.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
Toxicokinetics of Naja sputatrix (Javan spitting cobra) venom following intramuscular and intravenous administrations of the venom into rabbits

Yap MK, Tan NH, Sim SM, Fung SY

Toxicon, 2013 Jun;68:18-23.
PMID: 23537711 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.02.017

Existing protocols for antivenom treatment of snake envenomations are generally not well optimized due partly to inadequate knowledge of the toxicokinetics of venoms. The toxicokinetics of Naja sputatrix (Javan spitting cobra) venom was investigated following intravenous and intramuscular injections of the venom into rabbits using double-sandwich ELISA. The toxicokinetics of the venom injected intravenously fitted a two-compartment model. When the venom was injected intramuscularly, the serum concentration-time profile exhibited a more complex absorption and/or distribution pattern. Nevertheless, the terminal half-life, volume of distribution by area and systemic clearance of the venom injected intramuscularly were not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of the venom injected intravenously. The systemic bioavailability of the venom antigens injected by intramuscular route was 41.7%. Our toxicokinetic finding is consistent with other reports, and may indicate that some cobra venom toxins have high affinity for the tissues at the site of injection. Our results suggest that the intramuscular route of administration doesn't significantly alter the toxicokinetics of N. sputatrix venom although it significantly reduces the systemic bioavailability of the venom.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/isolation & purification
Antibodies against malondialdehyde (MDA) in MRL/lpr/lpr mice: evidence for an autoimmune mechanism involving lipid peroxidation

Yahya MD, Pinnas JL, Meinke GC, Lung CC

J Autoimmun, 1996 Feb;9(1):3-9.
PMID: 8845052

Previous studies have shown that lipid peroxidative processes may play a role in disease pathogenesis in lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice. Studies were thus performed to determine if an immune response against malondialdehyde (MDA), a highly reactive byproduct of lipid peroxidation, was present in these mice. By using MDA-modified mouse serum albumin (MSA) as antigens in ELISA, we found that these mice produce high levels of MDA-specific antibodies in the complement-fixing IgG2a and IgG2b subclasses. Anti-MDA antibodies were also found in MRL/+ mice but in significantly lower levels. The specificity of these antibodies was verified by inhibition ELISA. MDA may contribute to disease pathogenesis in these mice by altering the immunogenicity of self molecules, eliciting an immune response and forming immune complexes that may deposit in tissues.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis; Immunoglobulin G/biosynthesis
Development of immunity to Epstein-Barr virus in Malaysian children

Yadav MS, Malliga N, Ablashi DV

Microbiologica, 1987 Jan;10(1):29-35.
PMID: 3033449

The pattern of seroconversion to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was determined in 98 Malaysian children aged 2 weeks to 12 years. Maternal IgG antibodies to EBV viral capsid antigen, ranging between 1:10 to 1:160 titer, were found in 70.6 percent of infants less than three months old, and dropped to 26 percent by seven to nine months. Primary infection, as denoted by emergence of EBV-IgM antibody, occurred at 4 to 6 months, and by eight years all children were seropositive. Maternal antibody titers to EBV nuclear antigen were detected in 52.9 percent of infants less than 3 months old, declined to undetectable levels by 4 to 12 months, and then increased to 40 percent by the age of 12 years. The IgA antibody to viral capsid antigen was absent in all but one infant aged one year; the child also had IgG anti-early antigen, The IgG antibody to EBV early antigen were present in 17.7 percent of the infants aged 3 months or less. This seroconversion to EBV in early life explains the absence of infectious mononucleosis in the Malaysian population. The data suggest that a subunit vaccine to protect against EBV-associated diseases, most notably nasopharyngeal carcinoma, commonly observed in Malaysians would have to be administered to infants 6-12 months of age.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

Filters

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links