Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 284 in total

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  1. Fulltext Ion-imprinted membranes for lithium recovery: A review
    Zavahir S, Riyaz NS, Elmakki T, Tariq H, Ahmad Z, Chen Y, et al.
    Chemosphere, 2024 Apr;354:141674.
    PMID: 38462186 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141674
    This review critically examines the effectiveness of ion-imprinted membranes (IIMs) in selectively recovering lithium (Li) from challenging sources such as seawater and brine. These membranes feature customized binding sites that specifically target Li ions, enabling selective separation from other ions, thanks to cavities shaped with crown ether or calixarene for improved selectivity. The review thoroughly investigates the application of IIMs in Li extraction, covering extensive sections on 12-crown-4 ether (a fundamental crown ether for Li), its modifications, calixarenes, and other materials for creating imprinting sites. It evaluates these systems against several criteria, including the source solution's complexity, Li+ concentration, operational pH, selectivity, and membrane's ability for regeneration and repeated use. This evaluation places IIMs as a leading-edge technology for Li extraction, surpassing traditional methods like ion-sieves, particularly in high Mg2+/Li+ ratio brines. It also highlights the developmental challenges of IIMs, focusing on optimizing adsorption, maintaining selectivity across varied ionic solutions, and enhancing permselectivity. The review reveals that while the bulk of research is still exploratory, only a limited portion has progressed to detailed lab verification, indicating that the application of IIMs in Li+ recovery is still at an embryonic stage, with no instances of pilot-scale trials reported. This thorough review elucidates the potential of IIMs in Li recovery, cataloging advancements, pinpointing challenges, and suggesting directions for forthcoming research endeavors. This informative synthesis serves as a valuable resource for both the scientific community and industry professionals navigating this evolving field.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  2. Chitosan as a suitable host for sustainable plasticized nanocomposite sodium ion conducting polymer electrolyte in EDLC applications: Structural, ion transport and electrochemical studies
    Sadiq NM, Abdulwahid RT, Aziz SB, Woo HJ, Kadir MFZ
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2024 Apr;265(Pt 1):130751.
    PMID: 38471616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130751
    The challenge in front of EDLC device is their low energy density compared to their battery counter parts. In the current study, a green plasticized nanocomposite sodium ion conducting polymer blend electrolytes (PNSPBE) was developed by incorporating plasticized Chitosan (CS) blended with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), doped with NaBr salt with various concentration of CaTiO3 nanoparticles. The most optimized PNSPBE film was subsequently utilized in an EDLC device to evaluate its effectiveness both as an electrolyte and a separator. Structural and morphological changes were assessed using XRD and SEM techniques. The PNSPBE film demonstrated a peak ionic conductivity of 9.76×10-5 S/cm, as determined through EIS analysis. The dielectric and AC studies provided further confirmation of structural modifications within the sample. Both TNM and LSV analyses affirmed the suitability of the prepared electrolyte for energy device applications, evidenced by its adequate ion transference number and an electrochemical potential window of 2.86 V. Electrochemical properties were assessed via CV and GCD techniques, confirming non-Faradaic ion storage, indicated by the rectangular CV pattern at low scan rates. The parameters associated with the designed EDLC device including specific capacitance, ESR, power density (1950 W/kg) and energy density (12.3 Wh/kg) were determined over 1000 cycles.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions/chemistry
  3. Microwave-assisted upcycling of plastic waste to high-performance carbon anode for lithium-ion batteries
    Mohd Abdah MAA, Mohammad Azlan FN, Wong WP, Mustafa MN, Walvekar R, Khalid M
    Chemosphere, 2024 Feb;349:140973.
    PMID: 38122940 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140973
    The increasing demand for high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has emphasized the need for affordable and sustainable materials, prompting the exploration of waste upcycling to address global sustainability challenges. In this study, we efficiently converted polypropylene (PP) plastic waste from used centrifuge tubes into activated polypropylene carbon (APC) using microwave-assisted pyrolysis. The synthesis of APC was optimized using response surface methodology/central composite design (RSM/CCD). Based on the RSM results, the optimal conditions for PP plastic conversion into carbon were determined as follows: HNO3 concentration of 3.5 M, microwave temperature of 230 °C, and holding time of 25 min. Under these conditions, the obtained intensity ratio of Id/Ig in PP carbon was 0.681 ± 0.013, with an error of 6.81 ± 0.013 % between predicted and actual values. The physicochemical studies, including FESEM-EDX, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy, confirmed the successful synthesis of APC samples. The APC 800 material exhibited a well-organized three-dimensional structure characterized by large pores and mesopores, enabling fast ion transport in the electrode. As a result, the APC 800 electrode demonstrated an initial discharge capacity of 381.0 mAh/g, an improved initial coulombic efficiency of 85.1%, and excellent cycling stability after 100 cycles. Notably, the APC 800 electrode displayed remarkable rate performance, showing a reversible capacity of 355.1 mAh/g when the current density was reset to 0.2 A/g, highlighting its high electrochemical reversibility. The outstanding characteristics of APC 800 as an anode electrode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries suggest a promising future for its application in the field.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  4. Conversion of seaweed waste to biochar for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution: A sustainable method to address eutrophication problem in water bodies
    Ravindiran G, Rajamanickam S, Ramalingam M, Hayder G, Sathaiah BK, Gaddam MKR, et al.
    Environ Res, 2024 Jan 15;241:117551.
    PMID: 37939801 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117551
    The present study investigated the sustainable approach for wastewater treatment using waste algal blooms. The current study investigated the removal of toxic metals namely chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) from aqueous solutions in batch and column studies using biochar produced by the marine algae Ulva reticulata. SEM/EDX, FTIR, and XRD were used to examine the adsorbents' properties and stability. The removal efficiency of toxic metals in batch operations was investigated by varying the parameters, which included pH, biochar dose, initial metal ion concentration, and contact time. Similarly, in the column study, the removal efficiency of heavy metal ions was investigated by varying bed height, flow rate, and initial metal ion concentration. Response Surface Methodology (Central Composite Design (CCD)) was used to confirm the linearity between the observed and estimated values of the adsorption quantity. The packed bed column demonstrated successful removal rates of 90.38% for Cr, 91.23% for Ni, and 89.92% for Zn heavy metals from aqueous solutions, under a controlled environment. The breakthrough analysis also shows that the Thomas and Adams-Bohart models best fit the regression values, allowing prior breakthroughs in the packed bed column to be predicted. Desorption studies were conducted to understand sorption and elution during different regeneration cycles. Adding 0.3 N sulfuric acid over 40 min resulted in the highest desorption rate of the column and adsorbent used for all three metal ions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  5. Utilizing adsorption of wood and its derivatives as an emerging strategy for the treatment of heavy metal-contaminated wastewater
    Jiang J, Shi Y, Ma NL, Ye H, Verma M, Ng HS, et al.
    Environ Pollut, 2024 Jan 01;340(Pt 1):122830.
    PMID: 37918773 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122830
    The rapid development of the industrial sector has resulted in tremendous economic growth. However, this growth has also presented environmental challenges, specifically due to the substantial sewage generated and its contribution to the early warning of global water resource depletion. Large concentrations of poisonous heavy metals, including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni), are found in industrial effluent. Therefore, various studies are currently underway to provide effective solutions to alleviate heavy metal ion pollution in sewage. One emerging strategy for sewage pollution remediation is adsorption using wood and its derivatives. This approach is gaining popularity due to the porous structure, excellent mechanical properties, and easy chemical modification of wood. Recent studies have focused on removing heavy metal ions from sewage, summarising and analysing different technical principles, affecting factors, and mainstream chemical modification methods on wood. Furthermore, this work provides insight into potential future development direction for enhanced adsorption of heavy metal ions using wood and its derivatives in wastewater treatment. Overall, this review aims to raise awareness of environmental pollution caused by heavy metals in sewage and promote green environmental protection, low-carbon energy-saving, and sustainable solutions for sewage heavy metal treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  6. Lead-containing radiation-attenuating sterile gloves in simulated use: Lead transfer to sweat as an unknown risk to users
    Thibault T, Gurung M, Leuvrey C, Boos A, Ronot P, El Masoudi I, et al.
    Radiography (Lond), 2024 Jan;30(1):159-162.
    PMID: 38035427 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.10.013
    BACKGROUND: Lead protective gloves are widely used to attenuate scattered radiations during fluoroscopic-guided medical procedures, thereby reducing hand exposure to radiation.

    AIMS: To determine whether lead-containing gloves present a risk of metal leaching onto the operator's skin, particularly due to the presence of sweat.

    METHODS: Artificial sweat of varying acidity was introduced into two types of commercial gloves containing lead. The level of lead in the sweat was then assessed after different exposure times. Electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of the glove layers.

    RESULTS: Lead was detected in artificial sweat during each contact test on two different types of gloves. The concentration of lead increased with the acidity of the sweat, and the contact time. Gloves with a protective lining transferred less lead into sweat, but it was still present at significant levels. (i.e. few milligrams of lead per glove after one hour contact).

    CONCLUSIONS: Fluoroscopy operators should be aware of the risk of leaching of lead ions when using lead gloves under intensive conditions, although the potential harmfulness of lead ions leached into the glove remains essentially unknown.

    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  7. Fulltext A novel oyster shell biocomposite for the efficient adsorptive removal of cadmium and lead from aqueous solution: Synthesis, process optimization, modelling and mechanism studies
    Adeleke AO, Royahu CO, Ahmad A, Dele-Afolabi TT, Alshammari MB, Imteaz M
    PLoS One, 2024;19(2):e0294286.
    PMID: 38386950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294286
    This study highlights the effectiveness of oyster shell biocomposite for the biosorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions from an aqueous solution. The aim of this work was to modify a novel biocomposite derived from oyster shell for the adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution. The studied revealed the specific surface BET surface area was 9.1476 m2/g. The elemental dispersive x-ray analysis (EDS) indicated that C, O, Ag, Ca were the predominant elements on the surface of the biocomposite after which metals ions of Cd and Pb were noticed after adsorption. The Fourier transform Irradiation (FT-IR) revealed the presence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups on the surface. The effect of process variables on the adsorption capacity of the modified biocomposite was examined using the central composite design (CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM). The process variables which include pH, adsorbent dose, the initial concentration and temperature were the most effective parameters influencing the uptake capacity. The optimal process conditions of these parameters were found to be pH, 5.57, adsorbent dose, 2.53 g/L, initial concentration, 46.76 mg/L and temperature 28.48°C for the biosorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution at a desirability coefficient of 1. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a high coefficient of determination (R2 > 0.91) and low probability coefficients for the responses (P < 0.05) which indicated the validity and aptness of the model for the biosorption of the metal ions. Experimental isotherm data fitted better to the Langmuir model and the kinetic data fitted better to the pseudo-second-order model. Maximun Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorption capacities of the oyster shell biocomposite were 97.54 and 78.99 mg/g respectively and was obtained at pH 5.56 and 28.48°C. This investigation has provided the possibility of the utilization of alternative biocomposite as a sustainable approach for the biosorption of heavy metal ions from the wastewater stream.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  8. Biomass derived green carbon dots for sensing applications of effective detection of metallic contaminants in the environment
    Bosu S, Rajamohan N, Sagadevan S, Raut N
    Chemosphere, 2023 Dec;345:140471.
    PMID: 37871875 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140471
    The rapid consumption of metals and unorganized disposal have led to unprecedented increases in heavy metal ion concentrations in the ecosystem, which disrupts environmental homeostasis and results in agricultural biodiversity loss. Mitigation and remediation plans for heavy metal pollution are largely dependent on the discovery of cost-effective, biocompatible, specific, and robust detectors because conventional methods involve sophisticated electronics and sample preparation procedures. Carbon dots (CDs) have gained significant importance in sensing applications related to environmental sustainability. Fluorescence sensor applications have been enhanced by their distinctive spectral properties and the potential for developing efficient photonic devices. With the recent development of biomass-functionalized carbon dots, a wide spectrum of multivalent and bivalent transition metal ions responsible for water quality degradation can be detected with high efficiency and minimal toxicity. This review explores the various methods of manufacturing carbon dots and the biochemical mechanisms involved in metal detection using green carbon dots for sensing applications involving Cu (II), Fe (III), Hg (II), and Cr (VI) ions in aqueous systems. A detailed discussion of practical challenges and future recommendations is presented to identify feasible design routes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  9. Synthesis and evaluation of antibacterial activity of transition metal-oleoyl amide complexes
    Farhan N, Al-Maleki AR, Sarih NM, Yahya R
    Bioorg Chem, 2023 Nov;140:106786.
    PMID: 37586131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106786
    Recent studies show that some metal ions, injure microbial cells in various ways due to membrane breakdown, protein malfunction, and oxidative stress. Metal complexes are suited for creating novel antibacterial medications due to their distinct mechanisms of action and the variety of three-dimensional geometries they can acquire. In this Perspective, the present study focused on new antibacterial strategies based on metal oleoyl amide complexes. Thus, oleoyl amides ligand (fatty hydroxamic acid and fatty hydrazide hydrate) with the transition metal ions named Ag (I), Co (II), Cu (II), Ni (II) and Sn (II) complexes were successfully synthesized in this study. The metals- oleoyl amide were characterized using elemental analysis, and fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The antibacterial effect of metals- oleoyl amide complexes was investigated for Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) by analysing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that metal-oleoyl amide complexes have high antibacterial activity at low concentrations. This study inferred that metal oleoyl amide complexes could be utilised as a promising therapeutic antibacterial agent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  10. A review of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) as electrochemical sensors for important small biomolecules in human body fluids
    Feng Z, Lim HN, Ibrahim I, Gowthaman NSK
    J Mater Chem B, 2023 Oct 06;11(38):9099-9127.
    PMID: 37650588 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01221b
    Small biomolecules play a critical role in the fundamental processes that sustain life and are essential for the proper functioning of the human body. The detection of small biomolecules has garnered significant interest in various fields, including disease diagnosis and medicine. Electrochemical techniques are commonly employed in the detection of critical biomolecules through the principle of redox reactions. It is also a very convenient, cheap, simple, fast, and accurate measurement method in analytical chemistry. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are a unique type of metal-organic framework (MOF) composed of porous crystals with extended three-dimensional structures. These frameworks are made up of metal ions and imidazolate linkers, which form a highly porous and stable structure. In addition to their many advantages in other applications, ZIFs have emerged as promising candidates for electrochemical sensors. Their large surface area, pore diameter, and stability make them ideal for use in sensing applications, particularly in the detection of small molecules and ions. This review summarizes the critical role of small biomolecules in the human body, the standard features of electrochemical analysis, and the utilization of various types of ZIF materials (including carbon composites, metal-based composites, ZIF polymer materials, and ZIF-derived materials) for the detection of important small biomolecules in human body fluids. Lastly, we provide an overview of the current status, challenges, and future outlook for research on ZIF materials.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  11. An assessment of the pH changes and metal ions released into artificial saliva by fake orthodontic braces
    Haleem R, Shafiai NAA, Noor SNFM
    BMC Oral Health, 2023 Sep 16;23(1):669.
    PMID: 37717000 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03339-7
    BACKGROUND: This present study assesses changes in the pH as well as the metal ions that fake braces release into artificial saliva (AS) using a pH meter and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), respectively.

    METHODS: Three sets of fake archwires (AWs) and brackets (Bs) as well as a set of controls were immersed in AS and placed in an incubator shaker at 50 rpm and 37°C. At Days 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28, the pH of the AS medium was measured and 3.0 ml of AS was collected and stored at -20°C for elemental analysis.

    RESULTS: Significant changes in pH were observed on Days 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 in the AS of the AW group. However, these changes were only observed in the B group on Days 0 and 7. The fake samples released a large quantity of sodium (Na), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) ions, at concentrations exceeding 100 mg/L, post-28 days of immersion. The control and fake braces samples released other ions; such as lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), barium (Ba), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and aluminium (Al); at concentrations that did not exceed 10 mg/L.

    CONCLUSIONS: The pH of the AS of all the samples increased post-incubation. Only 10 ions; namely, Na, Li, K, Mg, Ca, Ba, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Al; were detected in the AS.

    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  12. Fabrication of chitosan@activated carbon composites in EmimAc for Cd(II) adsorption from aqueous solution: Experimental, optimization and DFT study
    Saheed IO, Yusof ENM, Oh WD, Hanafiah MAKM, Suah FBM
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2023 Jul 01;242(Pt 2):124798.
    PMID: 37178882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124798
    Adsorption efficiency of a duo-material blend featuring the fabrication of modified chitosan adsorbents (powder (C-emimAc), bead (CB-emimAc) and sponge (CS-emimAc)) for the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution was investigated. The chitosan@activated carbon (Ch/AC) blend was developed in a green ionic solvent, 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium acetate (EmimAc) and its characteristics was examined using FTIR, SEM, EDX, BET and TGA. The possible mechanism of interaction between the composites and Cd(II) was also predicted using the density functional theory (DFT) analysis. The interactions of various blend forms (C-emimAc, CB-emimAc and CS-emimAc) with Cd(II) gave better adsorption at pH 6. The composites also present excellent chemical stability in both acidic and basic conditions. The monolayer adsorption capacities obtained (under the condition 20 mg/L [Cd], adsorbent dosage 5 mg, contact time 1 h) for the CB-emimAc (84.75 mg/g) > C-emimAc (72.99 mg/g) > CS-emimAc (55.25 mg/g), as this was supported by their order of increasing BET surface area (CB-emimAc (120.1 m2/g) > C-emimAc (67.4 m2/g) > CS-emimAc (35.3 m2/g)). The feasible adsorption interactions between Cd(II) and Ch/AC occurs through the O-H and N-H groups of the composites, as supported by DFT analysis in which an electrostatic interactions was predicted as the dominant force. The interaction energy (-1309.35 eV) calculated via DFT shows that the Ch/AC with amino (-NH) and hydroxyl (-OH) groups are more effective with four significant electrostatic interactions with the Cd(II) ion. The various form of Ch/AC composites developed in EmimAc possess good adsorption capacity and stability for the adsorption Cd(II).
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  13. Fulltext Stable and Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells and Supercapacitors Developed Using Ionic-Liquid-Doped Biopolymer Electrolytes
    Konwar S, Singh D, Strzałkowski K, Masri MNB, Yahya MZA, Diantoro M, et al.
    Molecules, 2023 Jun 29;28(13).
    PMID: 37446761 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135099
    An ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl, 2-methyl imidazolium thiocyanate incorporated biopolymer system is reported in this communication for applications in dual energy devices, i.e., electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The solution caste method has been used to synthesize ionic-liquid-incorporated biopolymer electrolyte films. The IL mixed biopolymer electrolytes achieve high ionic conductivity up to the order of 10-3 S/cm with good thermal stability above 250 °C. Electrical, structural, and optical studies of these IL-doped biopolymer electrolyte films are presented in detail. The performance of EDLCs was evaluated using low-frequency electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and constant current charge-discharge, while that of DSSCs was assessed using J-V characteristics. The EDLC cells exhibited a high specific capacitance of 200 F/gram, while DSSCs delivered 1.53% efficiency under sun conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  14. Identification of Mycoplasma pneumoniae by DNA-modified gold nanomaterials in a colorimetric assay
    Qin D, Gong Q, Li X, Gao Y, Gopinath SCB, Chen Y, et al.
    Biotechnol Appl Biochem, 2023 Apr;70(2):553-559.
    PMID: 35725894 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2377
    Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a highly infectious bacterium and the major cause of pneumonia especially in school-going children. Mycoplasma pneumoniae affects the respiratory tract, and 25% of patients experience health-related problems. It is important to have a suitable method to detect M. pneumoniae, and gold nanoparticle (GNP)-based colorimetric biosensing was used in this study to identify the specific target DNA for M. pneumoniae. The color of GNPs changes due to negatively charged GNPs in the presence of positively charged monovalent (Na+ ) ions from NaCl. This condition is reversed in the presence of a single-stranded oligonucleotide, as it attracts GNPs but not in the presence of double-stranded DNA. Single standard capture DNA was mixed with optimal target DNA that cannot be adsorbed by GNPs; under this condition, GNPs are not stabilized and aggregate at high ionic strength (from 100 mM). Without capture DNA, the GNPs that were stabilized by capture DNA (from 1 μM) became more stable under high ionic conditions and retaining their red color. The GNPs turned blue in the presence of target DNA at concentrations of 1 pM, and the GNPs retained a red color when there was no target in the solution. This method is useful for the simple, easy, and accurate identification of M. pneumoniae target DNA at higher discrimination and without involving sophisticated equipment, and this method provides a diagnostic for M. pneumoniae.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  15. Using fish scales as a new biosorbent for adsorption of nickel and copper ions from wastewater and investigating the effects of electric and magnetic fields on the adsorption process
    Javad Sajjadi Shourije SM, Dehghan P, Bahrololoom ME, Cobley AJ, Vitry V, Pourian Azar GT, et al.
    Chemosphere, 2023 Mar;317:137829.
    PMID: 36640980 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137829
    In this study, fish scales (Pomadasys kaakan's scales) were used as new biosorbent for removing Ni2+ and Cu2+ ions from wastewater. The effects of electric and magnetic fields on the absorption efficiency were also investigated. The effects of sorbent content, ion concentration, contact time, pH, electric field (EF), and magnetic field (MF) on absorption efficiency were assertained. In addition, the isotherm of absorption was studied in this work. This study revealed that electric field and magnetic field have significant effects on the absorption efficiency of ions from wastewater. An increase in the electric field enhanced the removal percentage of the ions and accelerated the absorption process by up to 40% in comparison with the same condition without an electric field or a magnetic field. By increasing contact time from 10 to 120 min, the removal of Ni2+ ions was increased from 1% to 40% and for Cu2+ ions, the removal increased from 20% to almost 95%, respectively. In addition, increasing pH, ion concentration and scales dose increased removal percentage effectively. The results indicated that using fish scales for Cu2+ ions absorption is ideal due to the very high removal percentage (approximately 95%) without using either an electric or magnetic field.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  16. Metal organic frameworks as promising sensing tools for electrochemical detection of persistent heavy metal ions from water matrices: A concise review
    Shafqat SS, Rizwan M, Batool M, Shafqat SR, Mustafa G, Rasheed T, et al.
    Chemosphere, 2023 Mar;318:137920.
    PMID: 36690256 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137920
    Water bodies are being polluted rapidly by disposal of toxic chemicals with their huge entrance into drinking water supply chain. Among these pollutants, heavy metal ions (HMIs) are the most challenging one due to their non-biodegradability, toxicity, and ability to biologically hoard in ecological systems, thus posing a foremost danger to human health. This can be addressed by robust, sensitive, selective, and reliable sensing of metal ions which can be achieved by Metal organic frameworks (MOF) based electrochemical sensors. In the present era, MOFs have caught greater interest in a variety of applications including sensing of hazardous pollutants such as heavy metal ions. So, in this review article, types, synthesis and working mechanism of MOF based sensors is explained to give general overview with updated literature. First time, detailed study is done for sensing of metal ions such as chromium, mercury, zinc, copper, manganese, palladium, lead, iron, cadmium and lanthanide by MOFs based electrochemical sensors. The use of MOFs as electrochemical sensors has attractive success story along with some challenges of the area. Considering these challenges, we attempted to highlight the milestone achieved and shortcomings along with future prospective of the MOFs for employing it in electrochemical sensing devices for HMIs. Finally, challenges and future prospects have been discussed to promote the development of MOFs-based sensors in future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  17. Nanovesicle and extracellular polymeric substance synthesis from the remediation of heavy metal ions from soil
    Budamagunta V, Shameem N, Irusappan S, Parray JA, Thomas M, Marimuthu S, et al.
    Environ Res, 2023 Feb 15;219:114997.
    PMID: 36529326 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114997
    Heavy metal toxicity affects aquatic plants and animals, disturbing biodiversity and ecological balance causing bioaccumulation of heavy metals. Industrialization and urbanization are inevitable in modern-day life, and control and detoxification methods need to be accorded to meet the hazardous environment. Microorganisms and plants have been widely used in the bioremediation of heavy metals. Sporosarcina pasteurii, a gram-positive bacterium that is widely known for its calcite precipitation property in bio-cementing applications has been explored in the study for its metal tolerance ability for the first time. S. pasteurii SRMNP1 (KF214757) can tolerate silver stress to form nanoparticles and can remediate multiple heavy metals to promote the growth of various plants. This astounding property of the isolate warranted extensive examinations to comprehend the physiological changes during an external heavy metal stress condition. The present study aimed to understand various physiological responses occurring in S. pasteuriiSRMNP1 during the metal tolerance phenomenon using electron microscopy. The isolate was subjected to heavy metal stress, and a transmission electron microscope examination was used to analyze the physiological changes in bacteria to evade the metal stress. S. pasteurii SRMNP1 was tolerant against a wide range of heavy metal ions and can withstand a broad pH range (5-9). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) examination of S. pasteurii SRMNP1 followed by 5 mM nickel sulfate treatment revealed the presence of nanovesicles encapsulating nanosized particles in intra and extracellular spaces. This suggests that the bacteria evade the metal stress by converting the metal ions into nanosized particles and encapsulating them within nanovesicles to efflux them through the vesicle budding mechanism. Moreover, the TEM images revealed an excessive secretion of extracellular polymeric substances by the strain to discharge the metal particles outside the bacterial system. S. pasteurii can be foreseen as an effective bioremediation agent with the potential to produce nanosized particles, nanovesicles, and extracellular polymeric substances. This study provides physiological evidence that, besides calcium precipitation applications, S. pasteurii can further be explored for its multidimensional roles in the fields of drug delivery and environmental engineering.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  18. Global patterns and driving factors of plant litter iron, manganese, zinc, and copper concentrations
    Peng Y, Fornara DA, Wu Q, Heděnec P, Yuan J, Yuan C, et al.
    Sci Total Environ, 2023 Jan 20;857(Pt 3):159686.
    PMID: 36302428 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159686
    Plant litter decomposition is not only the major source of soil carbon and macronutrients, but also an important process for the biogeochemical cycling of trace elements such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu). The concentrations of plant litter trace elements can influence litter decomposition and element cycling across the plant and soil systems. Yet, a global perspective of the patterns and driving factors of trace elements in plant litter is missing. To bridge this knowledge gap, we quantitatively assessed the concentrations of four common trace elements, namely Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu, of freshly fallen plant litter with 1411 observations extracted from 175 publications across the globe. Results showed that (1) the median of the average concentrations of litter Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu were 0.200, 0.555, 0.032, and 0.006 g/kg, respectively, across litter types; (2) litter concentrations of Fe, Zn, and Cu were generally stable regardless of variations in multiple biotic and abiotic factors (e.g., plant taxonomy, climate, and soil properties); and (3) litter Mn concentration was more sensitive to environmental conditions and influenced by multiple factors, but mycorrhizal association and soil pH and nitrogen concentration were the most important ones. Overall, our study provides a clear global picture of plant litter Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu concentrations and their driving factors, which is important for improving our understanding on their biogeochemical cycling along with litter decomposition processes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
  19. Fulltext Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Thiosalicylate-based Solid-Supported Ionic Liquid for Removal of Pb(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution
    Kamaruddin NAL, Taha MF, Wilfred CD
    Molecules, 2023 Jan 13;28(2).
    PMID: 36677888 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020830
    The main objectives of this study are to synthesize a new solid-supported ionic liquid (SSIL) that has a covalent bond between the solid support, i.e., activated silica gel, with thiosalicylate-based ionic liquid and to evaluate the performance of this new SSIL as an extractant, labelled as Si-TS-SSIL, and to remove Pb(II) ions from an aqueous solution. In this study, 1-methyl-3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) imidazolium thiosalicylate ([MTMSPI][TS]) ionic liquid was synthesized and the formation of [MTMSPI][TS] was confirmed through structural analysis using NMR, FTIR, IC, TGA, and Karl Fischer Titration. The [MTMSPI][TS] ionic liquid was then chemically immobilized on activated silica gel to produce a new thiosalicylate-based solid-supported ionic liquid (Si-TS-SSIL). The formation of these covalent bonds on Si-TS-SSIL was confirmed by solid-state NMR analysis. Meanwhile, BET analysis was performed to study the surface area of the activated silica gel and the prepared Si-TS-SSIL (before and after washing with solvent) with the purpose to show that all physically immobilized [MTMSPI][TS] has been washed off from Si-TS-SSIL, leaving only chemically immobilized [MTMSPI][TS] on Si-TS-SSIL before proceeding with removal study. The removal study of Pb(II) ions from an aqueous solution was carried out using Si-TS-SSIL as an extractant, whereby the amount of Pb(II) ions removed was determined by AAS. In this removal study, the experiments were carried out at a fixed agitation speed (400 rpm) and fixed amount of Si-TS-SSIL (0.25 g), with different contact times ranging from 2 to 250 min at room temperature. The maximum removal capacity was found to be 8.37 mg/g. The kinetics study was well fitted with the pseudo-second order model. Meanwhile, for the isotherm study, the removal process of Pb(II) ions was well described by the Freundlich isotherm model, as this model exhibited a higher correlation coefficient (R2), i.e., 0.99, as compared to the Langmuir isotherm model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions/chemistry
  20. Evaluation of membrane fouling at elevated temperature impacted by algal organic matter
    Ng YS, Ragupathy S, Shau Hwai AT, Khoo KS, Chieh Chan DJ
    Chemosphere, 2023 Jan;310:136790.
    PMID: 36220430 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136790
    Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermally driven technology applied in desalination and water reuse with utilisation of sustainable energy. However, algal organic matter (AOM) could foul membrane critically and plague MD's long-term operational stability. In this study, the soluble extracellular polymeric substance (sEPS) and intracellular organic matter with bound extracellular polymeric substance (IOM + bEPS) of two algal species (Amphora coffeaeformis and Navicula incerta) were exposed to 60 °C, 70 °C and 80 °C for 8 h with polypropylene hydrophobic membrane, simulating heated AOMs contacted with membrane inside MD unit, to study the temperature effect on membrane fouling. The dissolved carbohydrate and protein in the sEPS and IOM + bEPS samples generally increased after being heated. Heating caused cell lysis and the release and dissolution of carbohydrate and protein from sEPS, IOM and bEPS into water. As heating temperature increased, the carbohydrate release from the AOM usually increased. The contact angle of membrane contacted with sEPS and IOM + bEPS reduced significantly after heat treatment. The reduction in IOM + bEPS was larger than sEPS, in line with SEM analysis, indicating membrane surfaces and pores with IOM + bEPS fouled more severely than sEPS. It is due to higher hydrophobicity in IOM + bEPS causing adherence to membrane and presence of amphiphiles. High protein, lipid, and saturated fats proportions also cause severe fouling. SEM-EDX analysis indicated presence of O, Na, Cl and Mg elements, pointing to carbohydrate and lipids, and salt trapped in foulants. AOM heating and composition had direct effect to the membrane integrity, dictating severity of fouling in MD operations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ions
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